Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA

Case No. 1:25-cv-23629-LFL

WALTER WAYNE BROWN JR.,

Plaintiff,

v.

T. BRUCE BELL, et al.,

Defendants.

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REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS

THIS CAUSE is before the Court upon a sua sponte review of the record. This matter was

assigned to the undersigned United States Magistrate Judge pursuant to Administrative Order

2025-11. Because I find that dismissal of this case is warranted and I do not presently have

authority to issue a dispositive order, I am issuing this Report and Recommendation. I have

separately entered an Order directing the Clerk to reassign this case to a District Judge of this

Court.

For the following reasons, I respectfully RECOMMEND that this action be DISMISSED

without prejudice.

II. DISCUSSION

Upon filing the Complaint, Plaintiff did not pay the filing fee for initiating a civil action or

file an application to proceed in forma pauperis—that is, a motion to proceed without prepaying

fees or costs (“IFP Motion”). Therefore, I ordered Plaintiff to either pay the filing fee or file an

IFP Motion within 30 days. (ECF No. 6). When Plaintiff failed to comply with that Order by the

deadline, I entered a Second Order requiring that Plaintiff either pay the filing fee or file an IFP

Motion within 21 days. (ECF No. 11). That deadline has now passed and again Plaintiff failed to

comply.

Any party filing a lawsuit in Federal Court must pay a total fee of $405.00. See 28 U.S.C.

§ 1914(a). Timely payment of the filing fee is not a jurisdictional requisite. See Wrenn v. Am. Cast

Iron Pipe Co., 575 F.2d 544, 547 (5th Cir. 1978); Rodgers ex rel. Jones v. Bowen, 790 F.2d 1550,

1551–52 (11th Cir. 1986). Rather, when a plaintiff fails to comply with the Court’s orders to pay

the filing fee, the proper standard for determining whether dismissal is warranted is Federal Rule

of Civil Procedure 41(b). See Judkins v. Beech Aircraft Corp., 723 F.2d 818, 819 (11th Cir. 1984).

Dismissal “with prejudice” under Rule 41(b) “is an extreme sanction that may be properly

imposed only when: (1) a party engages in a clear pattern of delay or willful contempt

(contumacious conduct); and (2) the district court specifically finds that lesser sanctions would not

suffice.” Betty K Agencies, Ltd. v. M/V MONADA, 432 F.3d 1333, 1337–38 (11th Cir. 2005). But

“[c]ourts are afforded greater discretion in dismissing cases where dismissal is without prejudice.”

Holmes v. Campbell, No. 23-14066-CIV, 2024 WL 1077404, at *3 (S.D. Fla. Feb. 22, 2024) (citing

Coleman v. St. Lucie Cnty. Jail, 433 F. App’x 716, 718–19 (11th Cir. 2011)); see also Taylor v.

Nelson, 356 F. App’x 318 (11th Cir. 2009) (a district court does not abuse its discretion by

dismissing complaint for failure to comply with order to submit documentation or pay filing fee).

The undersigned twice ordered Plaintiff to either pay the filing fee or file an IFP Motion.

(ECF Nos. 6, 11). The docket reflects that both Orders were promptly mailed to Plaintiff’s address

of record. To date, Plaintiff has not complied with the Orders.

IV. RECOMMENDATION

For the above reasons, the undersigned respectfully RECOMMENDS that the Court

dismiss this action without prejudice.

The Clerk of Court is instructed to mail a copy of this Report and Recommendations to

Plaintiff.

A party shall serve and file written objections, if any, to this Report and Recommendations

with the assigned United States District Judge for the Southern District of Florida, within

FOURTEEN (14) DAYS of being served with a copy of this Report and Recommendations.

Failure to timely file objections will bar a de novo determination by the District Judge of anything

in this recommendation and shall constitute a waiver of a party’s “right to challenge on appeal the

district court’s order based on unobjected-to factual and legal conclusions.” 11th Cir. R. 3-1

(2016); 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(C); see also Harrigan v. Metro-Dade Police Dep’t Station #4, 977

F.3d 1185, 1191-92 (11th Cir. 2020).

RESPECTFULLY SUBMITTED in Chambers at Miami,florida, this 19th day of May,

2026. ;

LA N F. LOUIS

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE