defining frivolous allegations as those that are clearly baseless, fanciful, fantastic, or delusional
How later courts described this case
- defining frivolous allegations as those that are clearly baseless, fanciful, fantastic, or delusional
- “Section 1983 encompasses government employees and, under certain circumstances, also non-government employees who are employed by a private entity but provide services to the government.”
Written by the judges who cited it.
The opinion
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
SPRINGFIELD DIVISION
ANGELA ESLINGER, )
Plaintiff, )
)
v. ) Case No. 26-3091-SEM-DJQ
)
SONS OF SILENCE, et al., )
Defendants. )
ORDER
SUE E. MYERSCOUGH, United States District Judge:
Plaintiff Angela Eslinger, proceeding pro se and currently in
custody at Logan Correctional Center, filed the original Complaint
(#1) in this case on March 11, 2026. The court subsequently
entered a Merit Review Order (#13), finding that Plaintiff had failed
to state a claim and granting 21 days to replead. Plaintiff has now
filed an Amended Complaint (#17), so the court proceeds once more
to a merit review.
BACKGROUND
Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint proves difficult to parse. She
alleges that an organization known as the Sons of Silence put a
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“hit” on her, which was executed daily and nightly by inmate
members of the club.
Plaintiff also alleges that she has “been hit/harassed/raped
falsely accused and violated sexually,” though she does not say by
whom. She sent a complaint to the John Howard Association about
the 70 sexual batteries she suffered, but she was only sent a
standard form in response.
Plaintiff raises a series of allegations that appear to relate to
her underlying criminal proceedings. Namely, she filed an appeal to
the Edgar County Courthouse but was ignored. And her petition of
actual innocence was not taken seriously.
Plaintiff takes exception to certain practices within the prison
as well. She complains of graffiti on the walls and alleges that a
tariff is being imposed on “state pay.” Plaintiff writes “excessive
force” in one bullet point in her Amended Complaint, but never
expounds on that.
Other allegations in the Complaint skew more fanciful.
Plaintiff alleges that the Sons of Silence have been conducting
seances in the prison. She also maintains that a “secret society”
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known as Mastery of Masons has been operating within the prison’s
walls. Plaintiff is concerned that Masons are being bused into the
prison from other areas. Plaintiff also makes a vague reference to
“kill[ing] or poach[ing] human.”
Analysis
Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A, the court must “screen”
Plaintiff’s complaint and, through such process, identify and
dismiss any legally insufficient claim or the entire action if
warranted. A claim is defective if it “(1) is frivolous, malicious, or
fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted; or (2) seeks
monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief.”
28 U.S.C. § 1915A.
“[A] complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted
as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’”
Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (quoting Bell Atlantic
Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007)). “A claim has facial
plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the
court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable
for the misconduct alleged.” Id.
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Plaintiff has again failed to state a claim. As explained in the
Court’s prior Order, to establish liability under section 1983, “the
plaintiff must show that the relevant official ‘caused the
constitutional deprivation at issue’ or ‘acquiesced in some
demonstrable way in the alleged constitutional violation.’” Gonzalez
v. McHenry County, 40 F.4th 824, 828 (7th Cir. 2022) (quoting
Palmer v. Marion County, 327 F.3d 588, 594 (7th Cir. 2003)). Put
another way, a plaintiff must allege that the individual defendant
“caused or participated in a constitutional deprivation.” Pepper v.
Village of Oak Park, 430 F.3d 805, 810 (7th Cir. 2005). Plaintiff’s
Amended Complaint does not even name an individual associated
with the prison, let alone one who might be held liable for the harm
Plaintiff has suffered.1
The primary targets of Plaintiff’s allegations seem to be the
Sons of Silence and the Mastery of Masons, societies or clubs
operating within the prison. But, setting aside the question of what
these organizations may have done to deprive Plaintiff of her
1 Nor is it at all clear who Plaintiff seeks to hold responsible for ignoring her
appeal or not taking seriously her actual innocence claim.
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constitutional rights, there is no plausible inference to be drawn
that they might be considered “state actors” for the purposes of
attaching liability under section 1983. See Manzanales v. Krishna,
113 F. Supp. 3d 972, 980 (N.D. Ill. 2015) (“Section 1983
encompasses government employees and, under certain
circumstances, also non-government employees who are employed
by a private entity but provide services to the government.”).
As the Court noted in its prior Order, courts should generally
allow pro se litigants an opportunity to amend their complaint
before dismissing a case. See Johnson v. Piontek, 799 F. App’x 418,
420 (7th Cir. 2020) (“Courts should grant pro se litigants leave to
amend a complaint at least once, unless it is certain from the face
of the complaint that amendment would be futile or otherwise
unwarranted.”). The patent deficiencies of the original Complaint
notwithstanding, the Court granted Plaintiff leave to amend. In
doing so, the Court wrote:
[I]f Plaintiff files a proposed amended complaint, Plaintiff
should pay attention to the dictates of this Order and should
identify the person or persons who allegedly violated her
Constitutional rights, and Plaintiff should allege how that
person or those persons violated her Constitutional rights. If
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Plaintiff does not comply with this Order or if she does not
submit a proposed amended complaint timely, the Court will
dismiss this case.
Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint suffers from the same
fundamental shortcomings as her original pleading. She has not
complied with the Court’s clear instructions. Furthermore, the
Court is concerned by the increase in frivolous allegations in
Plaintiff’s latest filing. See Denton v. Hernandez, 504 U.S. 25, 32–33
(1992) (defining frivolous allegations as those that are clearly
baseless, fanciful, fantastic, or delusional). The Court therefore
finds that further amendment would be futile and dismisses
Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint with prejudice.
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED:
1. Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint (#17) is dismissed with
prejudice.
2. This matter is terminated.
ENTERED June 12, 2026.
s/ Sue E. Myerscough
________________________________
SUE E. MYERSCOUGH
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
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