The opinion
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLORIDA
TAMPA DIVISION
TASHARA JELISSA FREEMAN,
Plaintiff,
v. Case No.: 8:25-cv-3042-SDM-AAS
CITY OF LAKE WALES,
Defendant.
______________________________________/
ORDER
The plaintiff, Tashara Freeman, proceeding pro se, moves for entry of a
clerk’s default against the defendant, the City of Lake Wales (the City). (Doc.
6). Ms. Freeman filed her complaint on November 7, 2025. (Doc. 1). On
December 1, 2025, Ms. Freeman’s process server served the City Clerk with
the complaint and summons. (Doc. 5). In the Affidavit of Service, the process
server indicated that the City Clerk stated she was authorized to receive
service for the City. (Id.).
Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 55(a), when a defendant fails to
“plead or otherwise defend, and that failure is shown by affidavit or otherwise,
the clerk must enter the party’s default.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a). “However,
‘[p]rior to directing the Clerk to enter a default, the Court must first determine
1
whether the plaintiff properly effected service of process.’” Premier Trailer
Leasing, Inc. v. DM World Transportation, LLC, No. 8:19-CV-2558-T-60AAS,
2020 WL 7396979 at *1 (M.D. Fla. Dec. 17, 2020) (quoting Pree v. Pickle Pro,
LLC, 2:17-cv-42-FTM-29CM, 2018 WL 6304864, at *1 (M.D. Fla. Dec. 3, 2018)).
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4 governs service of a complaint and
summons upon the initiation of a lawsuit. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(j)
provides, in pertinent part:
(2) State or Local Government. A state, a municipal corporation,
or any other state-created governmental organization that is
subject to suit must be served by:
(A) Delivering a copy of the summons and of the complaint
to its chief executive officer; or
(B) Serving a copy of each in the manner prescribed by
that state’s law for serving a summons or like process
on such a defendant.
Here, Ms. Freeman’s process server served the City Clerk. (Doc. 5). The
City Clerk is not a “chief executive officer” of the City. In addition, the City
Clerk is not a person designated under Florida law as a person who may receive
service of process on behalf of a municipality. See Fla. Stat. § 48.111(1);1
1 Florida Statute § 48.111 provides, in pertinent part: “(l) Process against any
municipal corporation, agency, board, or commission, department, or subdivision of
the state or any county which has a governing board, council, or commission or which
is a body corporate shall be served: (a) On the president, mayor, chair, or other head
thereof; and in his or her absence; (b) On the vice president, vice mayor, or vice chair,
or in the absence of all of the above; (c) On any member of the governing board,
council, or commission.”
2
Archer v. City of Winter Haven, No. 8:16-CV-3067-T-36AAS, 2017 WL 784939
(M.D. Fla. Mar. 1, 2017) (quashing service because service on the city was
improper where the process server served the deputy city clerk, despite the
deputy city clerk stating she was authorized to receive service); Hoffman □□□
Jimenez, No. 2:25-CV-131-JLB-KCD, 2025 WL 1727901 at *1 (M.D. Fla. June
138, 2025) (finding the plaintiffs attempted service on the City improper
because the “[c]ity clerk does not fit the categories under Rule 4, nor Florida
law, and [the plaintiff] offers no evidence that [the city clerk] is otherwise
allowed to accept service for the City.”). Therefore, Ms. Freeman has not
properly served process on the City.
As noted above, proper service is a prerequisite to entering a clerk’s
default. See DM World Transportation, LLC, 2020 WL 7396979 at *1.
Accordingly, Ms. Freeman’s motion for a clerk’s default is DENIED.
ORDERED in Tampa, Florida on January 6, 2026.
AMANDA ARNOLD SANSONE □
United States Magistrate Judge