claim must be plausible on its face and complaint must provide adequate factual content
How later courts described this case
- claim must be plausible on its face and complaint must provide adequate factual content
- “The Eleventh Amendment prevents us from adjudicating the state-law claims against the state officials in their official capacity.”
- “[W]illful or wanton behavior does not necessarily remove one from the scope of his employment.”
- when no “scope of employment” allegation is made in the complaint, “a government employee defendant has a complete defense: the action occurred within the scope of employment”
Written by the judges who cited it.
The opinion
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA
SOUTH BEND DIVISION
JONATHAN C. RICHARDSON, a/k/a
AUTUMN E. CORDELLIONE,
Plaintiff,
v. CAUSE NO. 3:25-CV-863-JTM-AZ
MR. THOMPSON, MS. GOSE, and JANE
DOE,
Defendants.
OPINION AND ORDER
Jonathan C. Richardson, a/k/a Autumn E. Cordellione,1 a prisoner without a
lawyer, filed a complaint in the Southern District of Indiana on April 1, 2025 (DE # 1),
that was transferred to this court on October 15, 2025. (DE # 15.) “A document filed pro
se is to be liberally construed, and a pro se complaint, however inartfully pleaded, must
be held to less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers.” Erickson
v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 94 (2007) (quotation marks and citations omitted). Nevertheless,
under 28 U.S.C. § 1915A, the court must review the merits of a prisoner complaint and
dismiss it if the action is frivolous or malicious, fails to state a claim upon which relief
may be granted, or seeks monetary relief against a defendant who is immune from such
relief.
1 Jonathan C. Richardson identifies as transgender and goes by the name Autumn E. Cordellione,
so the court will refer to the plaintiff as Cordellione throughout this order.
Cordellione is currently incarcerated at the New Castle Correctional Facility
(NCCF). Although Cordellione had previously been housed in protective custody at
NCCF, on January 28, 2025, Cordellione was transferred to the Westville Correctional
Facility (WCF) and remained there for about a week.2 The complaint describes WCF as
a “Level 1-R facility (WCA)” having “no security cameras, with no doors on the cells,
understaffed, and populated with mostly gang affiliated prisoners who traffic with
correctional staff in the form of drugs, sex, and money.” (DE # 1 at 2.) Cordellione
claims WCF is “known for its high level of offender on offender assaults and is rife with
drugs.” Id. The complaint alleges the Indiana Department of Correction (IDOC) Director
of Classification sent Cordellione to WCF with knowledge that:
[P]laintiff who is transgender has been assaulted for being transgender,
has been assaulted (stabbed) for refusing sex with another offender, has a
high profile criminal and civil case that have recently been broadcast
across multiple national and local news media outlets in which they
reported on her criminal history and transgender status, name, as well as
her civil cases’ preliminary injunction for gender affirming surgery.
Id. at 2–3. Immediately upon arrival at WCF, Cordellione was allegedly “assaulted and
raped multiple times over a four day period by 12 gang affiliated offenders; from
January 28th, 29th, 30th, and 31st, 2025.” Id. at 3. The rapists told Cordellione they were
doing it because they saw the story on FOX News and stated, “Trump’s president now
2 A certified trust fund account statement attached to the complaint indicates Cordellione
returned to NCCF on February 4, 2025, within days of the transfer. (DE # 1 at 13.) This is consistent with
the trust fund ledgers attached to the motion to proceed in forma pauperis, which show the bulk of
Cordellione’s financial transactions occurred at NCCF except for two in late January of 2025 that occurred
at WCF. (See DE #2 at 4–8.)
and we won’t ever get in trouble for fucking you trannies up; we’re patriots and even if
you tell on us, [T]rump will pardon us and probably give us a medal.” Id.
On January 29, 2025, Cordellione reported the assaults to Unit Team Manager
(UTM) Thompson who allegedly responded that he had seen the story on the news, did
not think taxpayers should have to fund gender reassignment surgery, and essentially
blamed the assaults on Cordellione for “dress[ing] like a woman and hav[ing] tits in a
male facility.” Id. at 4. That same day, Cordellione reported the incidents to Officer Jane
Doe who claimed she could not help and would tell the assailants Cordellione was a
”snitch” if the issue were pursued. Id. On January 30th or 31st, Cordellione reported the
assaults to Case Manager Gose, who also refused to help and allegedly responded,
“Your [sic] that trans that won a lawsuit, and now us hard working taxpayers have to
foot the bill, well there are only two sexes, male and female, and God made you a man.
Trump’s putting a stop to all that fag shit.” Id.
Cordellione has sued President Donald J. Trump, the IDOC Director of
Classification, UTM Thompson, Case Manager Gose, and Officer Jane Doe in their
individual capacities for allegedly violating the Constitution and committing the state
law tort of gross negligence. Cordellione seeks compensatory and punitive damages as
well as injunctive relief.
Eighth Amendment Failure to Protect
The Eighth Amendment imposes a duty on prison officials “to take reasonable
measures to guarantee the safety of inmates.” Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 832
(1994). “[P]rison officials have a duty to protect prisoners from violence at the hands of
other prisoners.” Id. at 833. That said, not every such violent altercation violates the
Constitution. Hunter v. Mueske, 73 F.4th 561, 565 (7th Cir. 2023). “Rather, only deliberate
indifference to an inmate’s wellbeing is actionable: a prison official is liable for failing to
protect an inmate from another prisoner only if the official knows of and disregards an
excessive risk to inmate health or safety.” Id. (internal quotation marks, brackets, and
citations omitted). Accordingly, when an inmate is attacked by another inmate, the
Eighth Amendment is violated only if “deliberate indifference by prison officials
effectively condones the attack by allowing it to happen.” Haley v. Gross, 86 F.3d 630,
640 (7th Cir. 1996). The defendant “must both be aware of facts from which the
inference could be drawn that a substantial risk of serious harm exists, and he must also
draw the inference.” Farmer, 511 U.S. at 837. “[A] complaint that identifies a specific,
credible, and imminent risk of serious harm and identifies the prospective assailant
typically will support an inference that the official to whom the complaint was
communicated had actual knowledge of the risk.” Gevas v. McLaughlin, 798 F.3d 475, 481
(7th Cir. 2015). General requests for help, expressions of fear, and even prior attacks are
insufficient to alert guards to the need for action. Klebanowski v. Sheahan, 540 F.3d 633,
639–40 (7th Cir. 2008). “[P]risons are dangerous places,” as “[i]nmates get there by
violent acts, and many prisoners have a propensity to commit more.” Grieveson v.
Anderson, 538 F.3d 763, 777 (7th Cir. 2008).
In the context of failure to protect cases, the Seventh Circuit has equated
“substantial risk” to risks so great that they are almost certain to materialize if nothing
is done. Brown v. Budz, 398 F.3d 904, 911 (7th Cir. 2005); see also Thomas v. Dart, 39 F.4th
835, 843 (7th Cir. 2022) (quoting Brown and noting that a “bare ‘increased risk’ does not
necessarily correlate to a ‘substantial risk’”). “[A] prisoner normally proves actual
knowledge of impending harm by showing that he complained to prison officials about
a specific threat to his safety.” Pope v. Shafer, 86 F.3d 90, 92 (7th Cir. 1996). “Exercising
poor judgment . . . falls short of meeting the standard of consciously disregarding a
known risk to his safety.” Lewis v. Richards, 107 F.3d 549, 554 (7th Cir. 1997).
Cordellione alleges the rapes and assaults—which occurred over the course of
four days and were committed by the same group of twelve gang-affiliated inmates—
were contemporaneously reported to UTM Thompson, Officer Jane Doe, and Case
Manager Gose. Cordellione alleges that they refused to assist in preventing the ongoing
attacks; instead, they allegedly referenced the news stories regarding Cordellione’s
previous lawsuits and expressed their own personal and/or religious beliefs about
transgenderism as reasons for ignoring the requests for help. While further factual
development may show the defendants acted reasonably once they were aware of
Cordellione’s safety concerns, the court must give Cordellione the benefit of the
inferences allowed at this stage. Accordingly, the failure to protect claims against UTM
Thompson, Officer Jane Doe,3 and Case Manager Gose will be allowed to proceed. See,
e.g., Balsewicz v. Pawlyk, 963 F.3d 650, 656 (7th Cir. 2020), as amended (July 2, 2020)
3 Cordellione describes Officer Jane Doe as “an officer working on her dorm” on January 29, 2025.
The Warden of WCF will be added as a defendant for the sole purpose of identifying this unknown
defendant.
(allegations that guard took no action after learning of an ongoing threat to plaintiff
prior to him being punched in the head by another inmate “would allow a reasonable
juror to infer, from circumstantial evidence, both that [guard] was ‘aware of facts’
indicating the danger of serious harm to [plaintiff] was not yet over and that [guard]
drew such an inference”).
The same cannot be said of the IDOC Director of Classification. Cordellione
alleges the Director “knowingly sent plaintiff who is transgender” to WCF despite
being aware of the nationwide news stories detailing Cordellione’s criminal and
litigation history and prior assaults. (DE # 1 at 2.) Cordellione does not say where, by
whom, or when those assaults occurred, so the allegations of prior assaults do not allow
a reasonable inference of an individualized risk at WCF. And, although Cordellione
seems to suggest WCF itself is inherently risky,4 that isn’t sufficient to subject the
Director to individual liability. The assertions that WCF is known for a “high level” of
assaults and is “rife with drugs” (DE # 1 at 2) are unsupported by factual details and,
more importantly, do not imply Cordellione was at particular risk. See Thomas, 39 F.4th
at 842 (“[S]imply being housed in the Jail’s general population, even while suffering
from [a “mental condition” that made the inmate “vulnerable”], is not a particular
enough risk in the failure-to-protect context. The unfortunate reality is that jails and
4 WCF is considered a mixed “Minimum and Medium Security” facility. See
https://www.in.gov/idoc/facilities/adult (last visited Dec. 2, 2025). Based on the description in the
complaint (e.g., “no doors on the cells” and the label of “Level 1-R facility (WCA)” (DE # 1 at 2), it may be
inferred that Cordellione was placed in a minimum-security unit along with other similarly classified
minimum-security level offenders. See https://www.in.gov/idoc/files/WCC-Facts-and-Figures-
Brochure.pdf (last visited Dec. 2, 2025) (“R dorm (WCA) holds 381 minimum security inmates.”).
prisons are dangerous places inhabited by violent people.”) (citing Grieveson, 538 F.3d at
777)). Nothing in the complaint plausibly suggests the Director was aware of any
threats to transgender inmates in general at WCF or a specific risk of substantial harm
to Cordellione based on the media coverage. Thus, the claim against the Director will be
dismissed. See id. at 843 (“[A] valid failure-to-protect claim was not alleged when a
mentally ill detainee was assaulted by another inmate over the detainee’s hygiene
problem because jail personnel—though aware of the hygiene problem—‘had no notice
that he was at risk of assault because of that problem.’”) (quoting Rice ex rel. Rice v. Corr.
Med. Serv., 675 F.3d 650, 668 (7th Cir. 2012), abrogated on other grounds by Kingsley v.
Hendrickson, 576 U.S. 389, (2015)).
Cordellione also blames President Trump for the assaults and rapes because
President Trump has “spoken about his extremist rhetoric and transphobic hate
speech.” (DE # 1 at 4.) The complaint claims the speech “emboldened the Defendants,
and the assailants that brutally assaulted and raped plaintiff, not once, but multiple
times to act on their hate and prejudices, constituting the cause in action and his liability
in this case.” Id. Cordellione believes the words were a “motivating factor” and that
President Trump knows “others may act on his words and the plaintiff suffered
violence because of this.” Id.
Even if Cordellione could surpass the limitations set out by Bivens v. Six
Unknown Fed. Narcotics Agents, 403 U.S. 388 (1971), First Amendment speech
protections, and presidential immunity issues, a fundamental problem still exists with
regard to this claim—individual liability requires personal involvement. “A defendant
cannot be held liable for a constitutional violation if she did not cause or participate in
the alleged violation.” Moderson v. City of Neenah, 137 F.4th 611, 617 (7th Cir. 2025)
(citation omitted). President Trump is not personally responsible for the operations of
IDOC or the safety of the inmates within its facilities. Speaking generally about
transgenderism on the national stage is not enough to subject President Trump to
individual liability in this situation. These allegations fail to state a claim, so they will be
dismissed.
Finally, Cordellione asserts, without elaboration, that “[a]ll Defendants violated
the plaintiff’s 14th Amendment [rights], discriminating against the plaintiff due to her
transgender status.” (DE # 1 at 4.) This conclusory statement is insufficient to state a
claim. Moreover, the essence of the complaint is that the defendants failed to protect
Cordellione from harm. Why they did so may be relevant later in the litigation, but it
would be redundant as a separate constitutional claim. See, e.g., Conyers v. Abitz, 416
F.3d 580, 586 (7th Cir. 2005) (“[Plaintiff] says that the complaint includes other ‘Equal
Protection and Eighth Amendment claims’ related to his Fast of Ramadan claim, but the
free-exercise claim arises under the First Amendment and gains nothing by attracting
additional constitutional labels.”) (citing Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386, 395, (1989)
(constitutional claims must be addressed under the most applicable provision)).
State Law Negligence
Cordellione claims the defendants “violated Indiana Tort Law, with their gross
negligence and wanton disregard of the plaintiff’s safety.” (DE # 1 at 4.) “A plaintiff
seeking damages for negligence must establish (1) a duty owed to the plaintiff by the
defendant, (2) a breach of the duty, and (3) an injury proximately caused by the breach
of duty.” Wheeler v. State, 180 N.E.3d 305, 309 (Ind. Ct. App. 2021) (citing Pfenning v.
Lineman, 947 N.E.2d 392, 398 (Ind. 2011)). “Negligence and gross negligence possess the
same elements (duty, breach, and injury), but the two torts have different definitions of
what constitutes a ‘breach.’” Sims v. Humane Soc. of St. Joseph Cnty. Indiana Inc., 758 F.
Supp. 2d 737, 751 (N.D. Ind. 2010) (citing N. Ind. Public Serv. Co. v. Sharp, 790 N.E.2d 462,
465–66 (Ind. 2003)).
In the case of ordinary negligence, a plaintiff must demonstrate that a
defendant ‘merely failed to exercise its duty of care,’ while in the case of
gross negligence, a plaintiff must demonstrate that a defendant breached
its duty of care by ‘engag[ing] in a conscious, voluntary act or omission in
reckless disregard of the consequences’ to the plaintiff.
Id. (quoting Sharp, 790 N.E.2d at 465).
Cordellione’s claims of gross negligence against the state defendants trigger the
application of the Indiana Tort Claims Act (ITCA). IND. CODE § 34-13-3 et seq. The ITCA
shields government employees from liability for conduct within the scope of their
employment. See IND. CODE § 34-13-3-5(b); see also Ball v. City of Indianapolis, 760 F.3d
636, 645 (7th Cir. 2014) (“Under the Indiana Tort Claims Act, there is no remedy against
the individual employee so long as he was acting within the scope of his
employment.”). In order to bring a state law tort claim against a governmental
employee personally, a plaintiff “must allege that an act or omission of the employee
that causes a loss is: (1) criminal; (2) clearly outside the scope of the employee’s
employment; (3) malicious; (4) willful and wanton; or (5) calculated to benefit the
employee personally.” IND. CODE § 34-13-3-5(c). There must be a “reasonable factual
basis supporting the allegations.” Id.; see also Ball, 760 F.3d at 644–45 (noting that federal
pleading standards apply). “The purpose of the ITCA is to ‘ensure that public
employees can exercise their independent judgment necessary to carry out their duties
without threat of harassment by litigation or threats of litigation over decisions made
within the scope of their employment.’” Smith v. Ind. Dep’t of Corr., 871 N.E.2d 975, 986
(Ind. Ct. App. 2007) (quoting Celebration Fireworks, Inc. v. Smith, 727 N.E.2d 450, 452
(Ind. 2000)). Accordingly, although the act or omission may be alleged to fall under one
of the categories delineated in IND. CODE § 34-13-3-5(c), that fact “standing alone is not
dispositive of whether the employee was acting outside the scope of employment.”
Bushong v. Williamson, 790 N.E.2d 467, 473 (Ind. 2003).
“When the employee’s conduct is ‘of the same general nature as that authorized,
or incidental to the conduct authorized,’ it is deemed ‘within the scope of
employment.’” Smith, 871 N.E.2d at 986 (quoting Celebration Fireworks, 727 N.E.2d at
453). This may include “acts that the employer expressly forbids; that violate the
employer’s rules, orders, or instructions; that the employee commits for self-
gratification or self-benefit; that breach a sacred professional duty; or that are egregious,
malicious, or criminal.” Cox v. Evansville Police Dept., 107 N.E.3d 453, 461 (Ind. 2018).
“Even criminal acts may be considered as being within the scope of employment if the
criminal acts originated in activities so closely associated with the employment
relationship as to fall within its scope.” Bushong, 790 N.E.2d at 473 (quotation marks
omitted); see also Higgason v. State, 789 N.E.2d 22, 30 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003) (“[W]illful or
wanton behavior does not necessarily remove one from the scope of his employment.”)
(quoting Kemezy v. Peters, 622 N.E.2d 1296, 1298 (Ind. 1993)). Rather, “[t]he critical
inquiry is whether the tortious act arose naturally or predictably from the employment
context.” Cox, 107 N.E.3d at 464.
Whether an act or omission is within the scope of employment for purposes of
ITCA immunity is an affirmative defense. See Bushong, 790 N.E.2d at 472 (when no
“scope of employment” allegation is made in the complaint, “a government employee
defendant has a complete defense: the action occurred within the scope of
employment”). Typically, complaints need not anticipate and attempt to plead around
defenses. United States v. N. Trust Co., 372 F.3d 886, 888 (7th Cir. 2004). However, the
court can dismiss a claim if the defense is apparent on the face of the complaint. See, e.g.,
Holmes v. Marion Cnty. Sheriff’s Office, 141 F.4th 818, 822 (7th Cir. 2025); U.S. v. Lewis, 411
F.3d 838, 842 (7th Cir. 2005) (when “complaint itself set[s] forth everything necessary to
satisfy the affirmative defense” it may be dismissed).
Here, it is apparent the correctional officers’ alleged disregard of Cordellione’s
safety concerns fell within the scope of their employment. As noted above, duty is an
element of all negligence claims, and, in this case, that duty to protect Cordellione
existed solely because of their employment. “As a general rule, an individual does not
have a duty to aid or protect another person, even if he knows that person needs
assistance.” Baker v. Fenneman & Brown Props., LLC, 793 N.E.2d 1203, 1206 (Ind. Ct. App.
2003). However, incarcerated individuals are owed a unique duty of care by the IDOC
and its employees:
[P]ublic policy considerations require that the DOC not be made an
absolute insurer of prisoners’ safety. Although the DOC is not a
guarantor, neither has it been relieved of all responsibility for safekeeping
its charges. Rather, the DOC’s responsibility takes the middle ground: it
has the duty to take reasonable precautions to preserve the life, health,
and safety of prisoners. Because of the DOC’s unusual ability to control all
aspects of its prisoners’ lives, the DOC’s duty to take reasonable
precautions may include an obligation to control the conduct of third
persons.
Williams v. Ind. Dep’t of Corr., 142 N.E.3d 986, 1008 (Ind. Ct. App. 2020), on reh’g (Apr. 8,
2020) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted). Correctional officers are tasked
with determining what actions to take—or whether to act at all—in response to an
inmate’s allegations of attacks and/or threats by other inmates. Here, any liability is
based on a failure to act—a duty they hold solely due to their employment. Because the
correctional officers’ alleged failure to act regarding Cordellione’s safety concerns was
within the scope of their employment, they are shielded from personal liability. See, e.g.,
Ball, 760 F.3d at 645 (even assuming, arguendo, that plaintiff’s allegations of willful,
wanton, and/or malicious behavior under IND. CODE § 34-13-3-5(c) were sufficiently
pled, the claims were properly dismissed because the officer was not “amenable to suit
at all” as he was acting within the scope of his employment); Ellis v. City of Martinsville,
940 N.E.2d 1197, 1204 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011) (complaint for negligence against fire chief
alleged he “exhibited conduct that may be deemed willful and wanton and with
reckless disregard,” but because those facts showed his conduct “was at least incidental
to conduct authorized” in the scope of his employment, the ITCA barred the action
against him as an individual); Smith v. Ind. Dep’t of Corr., 871 N.E.2d 975, 986 (Ind. Ct.
App. 2007) (affirming judgment on the pleadings dismissing prisoner’s negligence
claims against prison officers for injuries incurred during a cell extraction because
“[e]nforcing discipline and maintaining prison security is clearly within the prison
officers’ scope of employment”). Accordingly, the state law tort claims against the
officers will be dismissed.5
Regarding the Director of Classification, the Director is tasked with overseeing
the classification system and coordinating classification services which include the
placement, security level, and facility assignments of inmates within the IDOC. See, e.g.,
IND. CODE § 11-10-1-1; see also IDOC Policy and Administrative Procedure 01-04-101,
titled “Adult Offender Classification.” As an IDOC employee, the Director has a duty to
take reasonable precautions as to the safety of inmates when authorizing or
coordinating transfers. See Williams, 142 N.E.3d at 1008. Here, the Director is alleged to
have authorized the transfer to WCF with knowledge of Cordellione’s history and the
fact that WCF is generally known for offender violence and drugs. Cordellione claims
this transfer was done with gross negligence in wanton disregard of the consequences,
which resulted in the later attacks.
Even assuming the action could somehow fall outside the Director’s scope of
employment, Cordellione still has not stated a plausible claim. To bring a state law tort
5 Cordellione has sued the state defendants in their individual capacities only. (See DE # 1 at 1.)
The ITCA permits a litigant to sue an individual’s employer in state court. IND. CODE § 34-13-3-5(b). In
this case, the employer is the IDOC, which is an agency of the state. See Fritz v. Evers, 907 F.3d 531, 533
(7th Cir. 2018) (“[A] state official (in his official capacity) is the state.”). However, in federal court, states
and their agencies enjoy Eleventh Amendment immunity. See Katz-Crank v. Haskett, 843 F.3d 641, 650 (7th
Cir. 2016) (“The Eleventh Amendment prevents us from adjudicating the state-law claims against the
state officials in their official capacity.”); Burrus v. State Lottery Comm’n of Ind., 546 F.3d 417, 420 (7th Cir.
2008) (“[S]tate agencies, as arms of the state, are immune from suit under the Eleventh Amendment.”).
Thus, even if any of the state defendants had been named in their official capacities, Cordellione would
not be able to proceed against them here.
claim against the Director personally, there must be a reasonable factual basis
supporting the allegation of willful and wantonness. IND. CODE § 34-13-3-5(c). In
Indiana, “[t]he elements of willful or wanton misconduct are: (1) the defendant must
have knowledge of an impending danger or consciousness of a course of misconduct
calculated to result in probable injury; and (2) the actor’s conduct must have exhibited
an indifference to the consequences of his conduct.” Ellis, 940 N.E.2d at 1205 (internal
quotation marks and citation omitted). This is similar to the Eighth Amendment
deliberate indifference standard set forth above for the failure to protect claims. As
previously noted, no facts suggest the minimum-security unit at WCF posed a specific
risk to Cordellione, other than the general risk of violence in prisons everywhere.
Simply put, the complaint does not plausibly allege the Director’s decision was made
with wanton disregard of the consequences that befell Cordellione, especially
considering that the officers and officials at WCF were the ones ultimately responsible
for keeping Cordellione safe there. Accordingly, the gross negligence claim against the
Director of Classification will be dismissed. See Sharp, 790 N.E.2d at 465; see also
Bissessur v. Ind. Univ. Bd. of Trs., 581 F.3d 599, 602 (7th Cir. 2009) (claim must be
plausible on its face and complaint must provide adequate factual content).
It is unclear whether Cordellione is also attempting to sue President Trump for
gross negligence, but it is clear the complaint does not state such a claim. Cordellione
sues President Trump in his individual capacity and again alleges he used “extremist
rhetoric” and “transphobic hate speech” in the national media that “emboldened” the
defendants and inmates and ultimately caused the attacks. (DE # 1 at 4.) The complaint
does not allege President Trump made any specific reference to Cordellione. Again,
setting aside the various other legal impediments to suing the President of the United
States for damages, the complaint does not plausibly allege a cognizable duty. “Absent
a duty, there can be no negligence or liability based upon the breach, and whether a
duty exists is a question of law for the court to decide.” Powell v. Stuber, 89 N.E.3d 430,
433 (Ind. Ct. App. 2017). Here, the court cannot discern any sort of legal duty of care
owed to inmates of a state prison who suffer criminal attacks by other inmates arising
out of the general rhetoric of a national political figure. See Cavanaugh’s Sports B. &
Eatery, Ltd. v. Porterfield, 140 N.E.3d 837, 844 (Ind. 2020) (critical inquiry regarding duty
is to determine whether the attack was foreseeable, considering the broad type of
plaintiff, the broad type of harm, and whether the [defendant] had reason to expect any
imminent harm”); see also Stratmeyer v. U.S., 67 F.3d 1340, 1347 (7th Cir. 1995) (no duty
owed to ranchers from USDA veterinarian because “the plaintiff must show that the
duty of care running from the government defendant to the plaintiff is not an obligation
to the public at large, but rather an obligation to the plaintiff as a particular
individual.”). The state law tort claim against President Trump will be dismissed.
Injunctive Relief
Cordellione requests both a permanent and preliminary injunction to “[t]ransfer
to a female Institution” because “plaintiff is still suffering and likely to suffer continued
harms.” (DE # 1 at 6.) In the prison context, a court’s ability to grant injunctive relief is
significantly circumscribed. See Westefer v. Neal, 682 F.3d 679, 681 (7th Cir. 2012). As to a
preliminary injunction, a plaintiff “must establish that he is likely to succeed on the
merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief,
that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an injunction is in the public
interest.” Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20 (2008).
The complaint does not plausibly allege Cordellione is entitled to any injunctive
relief. This screening order allows Eighth Amendment failure to protect claims to
proceed against three individual officers at WCF related to the assaults and rapes that
occurred there over the course of four days in January of 2025. The complaint does not
describe any ongoing violation of federal law at WCF. See Al-Alamin v. Gramley, 926 F.2d
680, 685 (7th Cir. 1991) (“When there is no continuing violation of federal law,
injunctive relief is not part of a federal court’s remedial powers.”).
Moreover, Cordellione has since been relocated to NCCF, so any injunctive relief
claims associated with WCF are moot. See Higgason v. Farley, 83 F.3d 807, 811 (7th Cir.
1996). If there are ongoing safety issues, those claims must be brought in a separate
lawsuit in the district where Cordellione is currently incarcerated. As it stands,
Cordellione has no chance of success on the merits of an injunctive relief claim in this
case, so any preliminary injunctive relief related to this complaint will be denied.
For these reasons, the court:
(1) GRANTS Jonathan C. Richardson, a/k/a Autumn E. Cordellione, leave to
proceed against Unit Team Manager Thompson, Officer Jane Doe, and Case Manager
Gose in their individual capacities for compensatory and punitive damages for failing
to protect Cordellione from the assaults and rapes by other inmates that occurred at the
Westville Correctional Facility between January 28–31, 2025, in violation of the Eighth
Amendment;
(2) DIRECTS the Clerk to add the Warden of the Westville Correctional Facility
in his official capacity as a defendant for the sole purpose of identifying
Officer Jane Doe;
(3) DISMISSES all other claims;
(4) DISMISSES President Donald J. Trump and the Indiana Department of
Correction Director of Classification;
(5) DIRECTS the Clerk, under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d), to request Waiver of Service
from (and if necessary, the United States Marshals Service to use any lawful means to
locate and serve process on) the Warden of the Westville Correctional Facility, Unit
Team Manager Thompson, and Case Manager Gose at the Indiana Department of
Correction, with a copy of this order and the complaint (DE # 1);
(6) ORDERS the Indiana Department of Correction to provide the full name,
date of birth, and last known home address of any defendant who does not waive
service if it has such information;
(7) WAIVES the obligation of the Warden of the Westville Correctional Facility
to file an answer to the complaint;
(8) ORDERS the Warden of the Westville Correctional Facility to appear and
provide the name of the female officer who was working on the dorm and interacted
with Jonathan C. Richardson, a/k/a Autumn E. Cordellione, regarding safety concerns
on January 29, 2025, or file a notice explaining why the name of this individual cannot
be provided, by January 31, 2026; and
(9) ORDERS, under 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(g)(2), Unit Team Manager Thompson and
Case Manager Gose to respond, as provided for in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
and N.D. Ind. L.R. 10-1(b), only to the claims for which the plaintiff has been granted
leave to proceed in this screening order.
SO ORDERED.
Date: December 2, 2025
s/James T. Moody .
JUDGE JAMES T. MOODY
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT