The opinion
1 Kelli Burritt, Esq. (SBN 192397)
kelli@wbslawyers.com
2
Beatriz Alfaro (SBN 312828)
3 beatriz@wbslawyers.com
WINER, BURRITT, SCOTT & JACOBS, LLP
4
21700 Oxnard, Suite 2070
5 Woodland Hills, CA 91320
6 Tel (818) 697-6201
Fax (818) 697-6318
7
8 Attorneys for Plaintiff Daniel Rivera
9
10
11 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
12 CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
13 WESTERN DIVISION
14
DANIEL RIVERA, Case No. 2:24-cv-01241 MEMF (AJRx)
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16 Plaintiff, [PROPOSED] STIPULATED
17 PROTECTIVE ORDER
v.
18
19 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
DOES 1 thru 25, inclusive,
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21 Defendants.
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23
24 1. GENERAL
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1.1 Purposes and Limitations. Discovery in this action is likely to involve
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27 production of confidential, proprietary, or private information for which special protection
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from public disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation
may be warranted. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the Court to
1
2 enter the following Stipulated Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this Order
3
does not confer blanket protections on all disclosures or responses to discovery and that
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5 the protection it affords from public disclosure and use extends only to the limited
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information or items that are entitled to confidential treatment under the applicable legal
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principles. The parties further acknowledge, as set forth in Section 12.3, below, that this
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9 Stipulated Protective Order does not entitle them to file confidential information under
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seal; Civil Local Rule 79-5 sets forth the procedures that must be followed and the
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12 standards that will be applied when a party seeks permission from the court to file material
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under seal.
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1.2 Good Cause Statement
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16 This action is likely to involve medical information and personnel information for
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which special protection from public disclosure and from use for any purpose other than
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19 prosecution of this action is warranted. Such confidential materials and information consist
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of, among other things, medical information and personnel information otherwise generally
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unavailable to the public, or which may be privileged or otherwise protected from
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23 disclosure under state or federal statutes, court rules, case decisions, or common law.
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Accordingly, to expedite the flow of information, to facilitate the prompt resolution of
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26 disputes over confidentiality of discovery materials, to adequately protect information the
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parties are entitled to keep confidential, to ensure that the parties are permitted reasonable
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necessary uses of such material in preparation for and in the conduct of trial, to address
their handling at the end of the litigation, and serve the ends of justice, a protective order
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2 for such information is justified in this matter. It is the intent of the parties that information
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will not be designated as confidential for tactical reasons and that nothing be so designated
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5 without a good faith belief that it has been maintained in a confidential, non-public manner,
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and there is good cause why it should not be part of the public record of this case.
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2. DEFINITIONS
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9 2.1 Action: This lawsuit filed by Plaintiff, case number 2:24-cv-01241 MEMF
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(AJRx).
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12 2.2 Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the designation of
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information or items under this Order.
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2.3 “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items: information (regardless of how it
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16 is generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify for protection under
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Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c), and as specified above in the Good Cause Statement.
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19 2.4 Counsel: Outside Counsel of Record and House Counsel (as well as their
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support staff).
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2.5 Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or items
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23 that it produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as “CONFIDENTIAL.”
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2.6 Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless of the
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26 medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including, among other
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things, testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced or generated in
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disclosures or responses to discovery in this matter.
2.7 Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter
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2 pertinent to the litigation who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve as an
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expert witness or as a consultant in this Action.
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5 2.8 House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this Action. House
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Counsel does not include Outside Counsel of Record or any other outside counsel.
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2.9 Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or other
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9 legal entity not named as a Party to this action.
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2.10 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a party to
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12 this Action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this Action and have appeared
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in this Action on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law firm that has appeared on
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behalf of that party, including support staff.
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2.11 Party: any party to this Action, including all of its officers, directors,
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employees, consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their support
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staffs).
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2.12 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or Discovery
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Material in this Action.
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22 2.13 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation support
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services (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or
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25 demonstrations, and organizing, storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium) and
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their employees and subcontractors.
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2.14 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is designated
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2 as “CONFIDENTIAL.”
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2.15 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery Material from
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5 a Producing Party.
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3. SCOPE
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The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only Protected
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9 Material (as defined above), but also (1) any information copied or extracted from
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Protected Material; (2) all copies, excerpts, summaries, or compilations of Protected
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12 Material; and (3) any testimony, conversations, or presentations by Parties or their Counsel
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that might reveal Protected Material.
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Any use of Protected Material at trial shall be governed by the orders of the trial
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16 judge. This Order does not govern the use of Protected Material at trial.
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4. DURATION
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19 Once a case proceeds to trial, all of the court-filed information to be introduced that
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was previously designated as confidential or maintained pursuant to this protective order
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becomes public and will be presumptively available to all members of the public, including
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the press, unless compelling reasons supported by specific factual findings to proceed
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otherwise are made to the trial judge in advance of the trial. See Kamakana v. City and
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Cty. of Honolulu, 447 F.3d 1172, 1180-81 (9th Cir. 2006) (distinguishing “good cause”
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showing for sealing documents produced in discovery from “compelling reasons” standard
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when merits-related documents are part of court record). Accordingly, the terms of this
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protective order do not extend beyond the commencement of the trial.
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5. DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL
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2 5.1 Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection. Each
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Party or Non-Party that designates information or items for protection under this Order
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5 must take care to limit any such designation to specific material that qualifies under the
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appropriate standards. The Designating Party must designate for protection only those parts
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of material, documents, items, or oral or written communications that qualify so that other
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9 portions of the material, documents, items, or communications for which protection is not
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warranted are not swept unjustifiably within the ambit of this Order.
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12 Mass, indiscriminate, or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations that
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are shown to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper purpose (e.g.,
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to unnecessarily encumber the case development process or to impose unnecessary
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16 expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose the Designating Party to sanctions.
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If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it
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19 designated for protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must
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promptly notify all other Parties that it is withdrawing the inapplicable designation.
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5.2 Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in this
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23 Order (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise stipulated or
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ordered, Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection under this Order
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26 must be clearly so designated before the material is disclosed or produced.
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Designation in conformity with this Order requires:
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(a) for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic documents,
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2 but excluding transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial proceedings), that the
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Producing Party affix, at a minimum, the legend “CONFIDENTIAL” (hereinafter
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5 “CONFIDENTIAL legend”), to each page that contains protected material. If only a
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portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing Party
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also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in
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9 the margins).
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A Party or Non-Party that makes original documents available for inspection need
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12 not designate them for protection until after the inspecting Party has indicated which
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documents it would like copied and produced. During the inspection and before the
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designation, all of the material made available for inspection shall be deemed
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16 “CONFIDENTIAL.” After the inspecting Party has identified the documents it wants
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copied and produced, the Producing Party must determine which documents, or portions
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19 thereof, qualify for protection under this Order. Then, before producing the specified
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documents, the Producing Party must affix the “CONFIDENTIAL legend” to each page
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that contains Protected Material. If only a portion or portions of the material on a page
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23 qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also must clearly identify the protected
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portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the margins).
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26 (b) for testimony given in depositions that the Designating Party identify the
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Disclosure or Discovery Material on the record, before the close of the deposition.
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(c) for information produced in some form other than documentary and for
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2 any other tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place on the exterior
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of the container or containers in which the information is stored the legend
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5 “CONFIDENTIAL.” If only a portion or portions of the information warrants protection,
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the Producing Party, to the extent practicable, shall identify the protected portion(s).
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5.3 Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent failure
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9 to designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive the Designating
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Party’s right to secure protection under this Order for such material. Upon timely
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12 correction of a designation, the Receiving Party must make reasonable efforts to assure that
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the material is treated in accordance with the provisions of this Order.
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6. CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS
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16 6.1 Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a designation
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of confidentiality at any time that is consistent with the Court’s Scheduling Order.
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19 6.2 Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute resolution
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process under Local Rule 37-1, et seq. Any discovery motion must strictly comply with
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the procedures set forth in Local Rules 37-1, 37-2, and 37-3.
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23 6.3 Burden. The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be
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on the Designating Party. Frivolous challenges, and those made for an improper purpose
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26 (e.g., to harass or impose unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose
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the Challenging Party to sanctions. Unless the Designating Party has waived or withdrawn
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the confidentiality designation, all parties shall continue to afford the material in question
the level of protection to which it is entitled under the Producing Party’s designation until
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2 the Court rules on the challenge.
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7. ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
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5 7.1 Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is
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disclosed or produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this Action
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only for prosecuting, defending, or attempting to settle this Action. Such Protected
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9 Material may be disclosed only to the categories of persons and under the conditions
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described in this Order. When the Action has been terminated, a Receiving Party must
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12 comply with the provisions of section 13 below (FINAL DISPOSITION).
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Protected Material must be stored and maintained by a Receiving Party at a location
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and in a secure manner that ensures that access is limited to the persons authorized under
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16 this Order.
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7.2 Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items. Unless otherwise
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19 ordered by the Court or permitted in writing by the Designating Party, a Receiving Party
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may disclose any information or item designated “CONFIDENTIAL” only to:
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(a) the Receiving Party’s Outside Counsel of Record in this Action, as well
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23 as employees of said Outside Counsel of Record to whom it is reasonably necessary to
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disclose the information for this Action;
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26 (b) the officers, directors, and employees (including House Counsel) of the
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Receiving Party to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action;
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(c) Experts (as defined in this Order) of the Receiving Party to whom
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2 disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action and who have signed the
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“Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);
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5 (d) the Court and its personnel;
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(e) court reporters and their staff;
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(f) professional jury or trial consultants, mock jurors, and Professional
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9 Vendors to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action and who have signed
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the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);
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12 (g) the author or recipient of a document containing the information or a
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custodian or other person who otherwise possessed or knew the information;
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(h) during their depositions, witnesses, and attorneys for witnesses, in the
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16 Action to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary provided: (1) the deposing party
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requests that the witness sign the form attached as Exhibit A hereto; and (2) they will not
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19 be permitted to keep any confidential information unless they sign the “Acknowledgment
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and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A), unless otherwise agreed by the Designating
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Party or ordered by the Court. Pages of transcribed deposition testimony or exhibits to
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23 depositions that reveal Protected Material may be separately bound by the court reporter
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and may not be disclosed to anyone except as permitted under this Stipulated Protective
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26 Order; and
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(i) any mediator or settlement officer, and their supporting personnel,
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mutually agreed upon by any of the parties engaged in settlement discussions.
8. PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED PRODUCED IN
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2 OTHER LITIGATION
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If a Party is served with a subpoena or a court order issued in other litigation that
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5 compels disclosure of any information or items designated in this Action as
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“CONFIDENTIAL,” that Party must:
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(a) promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such notification shall include
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9 a copy of the subpoena or court order;
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(b) promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or order to issue
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12 in the other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the subpoena or order is
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subject to this Protective Order. Such notification shall include a copy of this Stipulated
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Protective Order; and
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16 (c) cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be pursued by the
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Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected.
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19 If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with the
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subpoena or court order shall not produce any information designated in this action as
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“CONFIDENTIAL” before a determination by the court from which the subpoena or order
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23 issued, unless the Party has obtained the Designating Party’s permission. The Designating
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Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in that court of its
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26 confidential material and nothing in these provisions should be construed as authorizing or
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encouraging a Receiving Party in this Action to disobey a lawful directive from another
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court.
9. A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE PRODUCED
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2 IN THIS LITIGATION
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(a) The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a Non-Party
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5 in this Action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL.” Such information produced by Non-
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Parties in connection with this litigation is protected by the remedies and relief provided
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by this Order. Nothing in these provisions should be construed as prohibiting a Non-Party
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9 from seeking additional protections.
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(b) In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to produce a
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12 Non-Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is subject to an
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agreement with the Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s confidential information,
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then the Party shall:
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16 (1) promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the Non-Party that
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some or all of the information requested is subject to a confidentiality agreement with a
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19 Non-Party;
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(2) promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the Stipulated Protective
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Order in this Action, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably specific
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23 description of the information requested; and
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(3) make the information requested available for inspection by the Non-Party,
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26 if requested.
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(c) If the Non-Party fails to seek a protective order from this Court within 14 days
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of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving Party may produce
the Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the discovery request. If the Non-
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2 Party timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving Party shall not produce any
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information in its possession or control that is subject to the confidentiality agreement with
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5 the Non-Party before a determination by the Court. Absent a court order to the contrary,
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the Non-Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in this Court of its
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Protected Material.
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9 10. UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
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If a Receiving Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has disclosed
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12 Protected Material to any person or in any circumstance not authorized under this
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Stipulated Protective Order, the Receiving Party must immediately (a) notify in writing the
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Designating Party of the unauthorized disclosures, (b) use its best efforts to retrieve all
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16 unauthorized copies of the Protected Material, (c) inform the person or persons to whom
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unauthorized disclosures were made of all the terms of this Order, and (d) request such
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19 person or persons to execute the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” that is
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attached hereto as Exhibit A.
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11. INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE
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23 PROTECTED MATERIAL
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When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain inadvertently
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26 produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other protection, the obligations of
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the Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(5)(B).
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This provision is not intended to modify whatever procedure may be established in an e-
discovery order that provides for production without prior privilege review. Pursuant to
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2 Federal Rule of Evidence 502(d) and (e), insofar as the parties reach an agreement on the
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effect of disclosure of a communication or information covered by the attorney-client
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5 privilege or work product protection, the parties may incorporate their agreement in the
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stipulated protective order submitted to the Court.
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12. MISCELLANEOUS
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9 12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any person
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to seek its modification by the Court in the future.
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12 12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this Protective
13
Order, no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to disclosing or
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producing any information or item on any ground not addressed in this Stipulated
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16 Protective Order. Similarly, no Party waives any right to object on any ground to use in
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evidence of any of the material covered by this Protective Order.
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19 12.3 Filing Protected Material. A Party that seeks to file under seal any Protected
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Material must comply with Civil Local Rule 79-5. Protected Material may only be filed
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under seal pursuant to a court order authorizing the sealing of the specific Protected
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23 Material at issue; good cause must be shown in the request to file under seal. If a Party’s
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request to file Protected Material under seal is denied by the Court, then the Receiving
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26 Party may file the information in the public record unless otherwise instructed by the Court.
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13. FINAL DISPOSITION
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2 After the final disposition of this Action, within 60 days of a written request by the
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Designating Party, each Receiving Party must return all Protected Material to the
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5 Producing Party or destroy such material. As used in this subdivision, “all Protected
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Material” includes all copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries, and any other format
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reproducing or capturing any of the Protected Material. Whether the Protected Material is
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9 returned or destroyed, the Receiving Party must submit a written certification to the
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Producing Party (and, if not the same person or entity, to the Designating Party) by the 60
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12 day deadline that (1) identifies (by category, where appropriate) all the Protected Material
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that was returned or destroyed, and (2) affirms that the Receiving Party has not retained
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any copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries or any other format reproducing or
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16 capturing any of the Protected Material. Notwithstanding this provision, counsel are
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entitled to retain an archival copy of all pleadings, motion papers, trial, deposition, and
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19 hearing transcripts, legal memoranda, correspondence, deposition and trial exhibits, expert
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reports, attorney work product, and consultant and expert work product, even if such
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materials contain Protected Material. Any such archival copies that contain or constitute
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23 Protected Material remain subject to this Protective Order as set forth in Section 4
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(DURATION).
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26 14. VIOLATION OF ORDER
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Any violation of this Order may be punished by any and all appropriate measures
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including, without limitation, contempt proceedings and/or monetary sanctions.
IT IS SO STIPULATED, THROUGH COUNSEL OF RECORD.
1
2 DATED: September 30, 2025 WINER, BURRITT, SCOTT & JACOBS, LLP
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4
5
By: _____/s/ Kelli Burritt_________________
6 Kelli Burritt, Esq.
Beatriz Alfaro, Esq.
7 Attorneys for Plaintiff DANIEL RIVERA
8
9 Dated: September 30, 2025
BILAL A. ESSAYLI
10 Acting United States Attorney
DAVID M. HARRIS
11 Assistant United States Attorney
Chief, Civil Division
12 DANIEL A. BECK
Assistant United States Attorney
13 Chief, Complex and Defensive Litigation Section
SARAH L. CRONIN
14 Assistant United States Attorney
15
/s/ Trent Fujii
16 Trent Fujii
Assistant United States Attorney
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Attorneys for Defendant United States of America
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19
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21 FOR GOOD CAUSE SHOWN, IT IS SO ORDERED.
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DATED:_9_/3_0_/2_0_2_5________ __________________________________
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25 HON. A. JOEL RICHLIN
United States Magistrate Judge
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EXHIBIT A
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9 ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND AGREEMENT TO BE BOUND
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12 I, _____________________________ [full name], of _________________ [full
13
address], declare under penalty of perjury that I have read in its entirety and understand
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the Stipulated Protective Order that was issued by the United States District Court for the
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16 Central District of California on ____________ [date] in the case of ___________ [insert
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case name and number]. I agree to comply with and to be bound by all the terms of this
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19 Stipulated Protective Order and I understand and acknowledge that failure to so comply
20
could expose me to sanctions and punishment in the nature of contempt. I solemnly
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promise that I will not disclose in any manner any information or item that is subject to this
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23 Stipulated Protective Order to any person or entity except in strict compliance with the
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provisions of this Order.
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26 I further agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the
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Central District of California for the purpose of enforcing the terms of this Stipulated
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Protective Order, even if such enforcement proceedings occur after termination of this
action. I hereby appoint __________________________ [full name] of
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2 _______________________________________ [full address and telephone number] as
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my California agent for service of process in connection with this action or any proceedings
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5 related to enforcement of this Stipulated Protective Order.
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Date: ______________________________________
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City and State where signed: _________________________________
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Printed name: _______________________________
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Signature: __________________________________
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