The opinion
1 Nathan A. Oyster (SBN 225307)
E-mail: noyster@bwslaw.com
2 Caylin W. Jones (SBN 327829)
E-mail: cjones@bwslaw.com
3 Sydney M. Gronroos (SBN 345644)
E-mail: sgronroos@bwslaw.com
4 BURKE, WILLIAMS & SORENSEN, LLP
444 South Flower Street, 40th Floor
5 Los Angeles, CA 90071-2942
Tel: 213.236.0600 Fax: 213.236.2700
6
Attorneys for Defendants
7 COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE, CORY
TOBIN, MARITZA MARES, and
8 SAXON BRAUSE
9 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
10 CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
11
12 DANIEL MIRANDA, Case No. 5:24-cv-02394-SSS-DTB
13 Plaintiff, STIPULATED PROTECTIVE
ORDER
14 v.
15 COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE; CORY
TOBIN; MARITZA MARES; SAXON Magistrate
16 BRAUSE; and DOES 1through 50, Judge: Hon. David T. Bristow
inclusive,
17
Defendants.
18
19 1. A. PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS
20 Discovery in this action is likely to involve production of confidential,
21 proprietary, or private information for which special protection from public
22 disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation may
23 be warranted. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the Court to
24 enter the following Stipulated Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this
25 Order does not confer blanket protections on all disclosures or responses to
26 discovery and that the protection it affords from public disclosure and use extends
27 only to the limited information or items that are entitled to confidential treatment
1 Section 12.3, below, that this Stipulated Protective Order does not entitle them to
2 file confidential information under seal; Civil Local Rule 79-5 sets forth the
3 procedures that must be followed and the standards that will be applied when a party
4 seeks permission from the court to file material under seal.
5 B. GOOD CAUSE STATEMENT
6 This action involves the County of Riverside and members of the Riverside
7 County Sheriff’s Department. Plaintiff is seeking materials and information that
8 Defendant County of Riverside maintains as confidential, such as personnel files of
9 the police officers involved in this incident, Internal Affairs materials and
10 information, video recordings, audio recordings, photographs, Force Investigation
11 Division materials and information and other administrative materials and
12 information currently in the possession of the Defendant County of Riverside and
13 which the Defendants believes need special protection from public disclosure and
14 from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation.
15 This action is likely to involve medical records, sensitive and confidential
16 documents related to the Plaintiff, documents containing private information from
17 third parties, police investigation procedures and tactics, and other confidential and
18 private information for which special protection from public disclosure and from use
19 for any purpose other than prosecution of this action is warranted. Such confidential
20 and proprietary materials and information consist of, among other things,
21 confidential personal information of non-parties, private medical and autopsy
22 records, internal police reviews and procedures, and other confidential and sensitive
23 information otherwise generally unavailable to the public, or which may be
24 privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure under state or federal statutes,
25 court rules, case decisions, or common law. Defendants contend that there is good
26 cause for a protective order to maintain the confidentiality of peace officer personnel
27 records. They emphasize that releasing these records, which include internal
1 Accordingly, to expedite the flow of information, to facilitate the prompt
2 resolution of disputes over confidentiality of discovery materials, to adequately
3 protect information the parties are entitled to keep confidential, to ensure that the
4 parties are permitted reasonable necessary uses of such material in preparation for
5 and in the conduct of trial, to address their handling at the end of the litigation, and
6 serve the ends of justice, a protective order for such information is justified in this
7 matter. It is the intent of the parties that information will not be designated as
8 confidential for tactical reasons and that nothing be so designated without a good
9 faith belief that it has been maintained in a confidential, non-public manner, and
10 there is good cause why it should not be part of the public record of this case.
11 2. DEFINITIONS
12 2.1 Action: this pending federal law suit, Daniel Miranda v. County of
13 Riverside, et al., 5:24-cv-02394-SSS-DTB.
14 2.2 Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the designation
15 of information or items under this Order.
16 2.3 “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items: information (regardless of
17 how it is generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify for
18 protection under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c), and as specified above in
19 the Good Cause Statement.
20 2.4 Counsel: Outside Counsel of Record and House Counsel (as well as
21 their support staff).
22 2.5 Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or
23 items that it produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as
24 “CONFIDENTIAL.”
25 2.6 Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless
26 of the medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including,
27 among other things, testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced or
1 2.7 Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter
2 pertinent to the litigation who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve as
3 an expert witness or as a consultant in this Action.
4 2.8 House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this Action.
5 House Counsel does not include Outside Counsel of Record or any other outside
6 counsel.
7 2.9 Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or
8 other legal entity not named as a Party to this action.
9 2.10 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a party
10 to this Action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this Action and have
11 appeared in this Action on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law firm which
12 has appeared on behalf of that party, and includes support staff.
13 2.11 Party: any party to this Action, including all of its officers, directors,
14 employees, consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their
15 support staffs).
16 2.12 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or
17 Discovery Material in this Action.
18 2.13 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation support
19 services (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or
20 demonstrations, and organizing, storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium)
21 and their employees and subcontractors.
22 2.14 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is
23 designated as “CONFIDENTIAL.”
24 2.15 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery Material
25 from a Producing Party.
26 3. SCOPE
27 The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only
1 extracted from Protected Material; (2) all copies, excerpts, summaries, or
2 compilations of Protected Material; and (3) any testimony, conversations, or
3 presentations by Parties or their Counsel that might reveal Protected Material.
4 Any use of Protected Material at trial shall be governed by the orders of the
5 trial judge. This Order does not govern the use of Protected Material at trial.
6 4. DURATION
7 Once a case proceeds to trial, all of the information that was designated as
8 confidential or maintained pursuant to this protective order becomes public and will
9 be presumptively available to all members of the public, including the press, unless
10 compelling reasons supported by specific factual findings to proceed otherwise are
11 made to the trial judge in advance of the trial. See Kamakana v. City and County of
12 Honolulu, 447 F.3d 1172, 1180-81 (9th Cir. 2006) (distinguishing “good cause”
13 showing for sealing documents produced in discovery from “compelling reasons”
14 standard when merits-related documents are part of court record). Accordingly, the
15 terms of this protective order do not extend beyond the commencement of the trial.
16 Even after final disposition of this litigation, the confidentiality obligations
17 imposed by this Order shall remain in effect until a Designating Party agrees
18 otherwise in writing or a court order otherwise directs. Final disposition shall be
19 deemed to be the later of (1) dismissal of all claims and defenses in this Action, with
20 or without prejudice; and (2) final judgment herein after the completion and
21 exhaustion of all appeals, rehearings, remands, trials, or reviews of this Action,
22 including the time limits for filing any motions or applications for extension of time
23 pursuant to applicable law.
24 5. DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL
25 5.1 Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection.
26 Each Party or Non-Party that designates information or items for protection
27 under this Order must take care to limit any such designation to specific material
1 for protection only those parts of material, documents, items, or oral or written
2 communications that qualify so that other portions of the material, documents,
3 items, or communications for which protection is not warranted are not swept
4 unjustifiably within the ambit of this Order.
5 Mass, indiscriminate, or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations
6 that are shown to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper
7 purpose (e.g., to unnecessarily encumber the case development process or to impose
8 unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose the Designating
9 Party to sanctions.
10 If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it
11 designated for protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must
12 promptly notify all other Parties that it is withdrawing the inapplicable designation.
13 5.2 Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in
14 this Order (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise
15 stipulated or ordered, Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection
16 under this Order must be clearly so designated before the material is disclosed or
17 produced.
18 Designation in conformity with this Order requires:
19 (a) for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic
20 documents, but excluding transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial
21 proceedings), that the Producing Party affix at a minimum, the legend
22 “CONFIDENTIAL” (hereinafter “CONFIDENTIAL legend”), to each page that
23 contains protected material. If only a portion or portions of the material on a page
24 qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also must clearly identify the protected
25 portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the margins).
26 A Party or Non-Party that makes original documents available for inspection
27 need not designate them for protection until after the inspecting Party has indicated
1 before the designation, all of the material made available for inspection shall be
2 deemed “CONFIDENTIAL.” After the inspecting Party has identified the
3 documents it wants copied and produced, the Producing Party must determine which
4 documents, or portions thereof, qualify for protection under this Order. Then, before
5 producing the specified documents, the Producing Party must affix the
6 “CONFIDENTIAL legend” to each page that contains Protected Material. If only a
7 portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing
8 Party also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate
9 markings in the margins).
10 (b) for testimony given in depositions that the Designating Party
11 identify the Disclosure or Discovery Material on the record, before the close of the
12 deposition all protected testimony.
13 (c) for information produced in some form other than documentary
14 and for any other tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place
15 on the exterior of the container or containers in which the information is stored the
16 legend “CONFIDENTIAL.” If only a portion or portions of the information
17 warrants protection, the Producing Party, to the extent practicable, shall identify the
18 protected portion(s).
19 5.3 Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent
20 failure to designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive
21 the Designating Party’s right to secure protection under this Order for such material.
22 Upon timely correction of a designation, the Receiving Party must make reasonable
23 efforts to assure that the material is treated in accordance with the provisions of this
24 Order.
25 6. CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS
26 6.1 Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a
27 designation of confidentiality at any time that is consistent with the Court’s
1 6.2 Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute
2 resolution process under Local Rule 37.1 et seq.
3 6.3 The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be on
4 the Designating Party. Frivolous challenges, and those made for an improper
5 purpose (e.g., to harass or impose unnecessary expenses and burdens on other
6 parties) may expose the Challenging Party to sanctions. Unless the Designating
7 Party has waived or withdrawn the confidentiality designation, all parties shall
8 continue to afford the material in question the level of protection to which it is
9 entitled under the Producing Party’s designation until the Court rules on the
10 challenge.
11 7. ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
12 7.1 Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is
13 disclosed or produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this
14 Action only for prosecuting, defending, or attempting to settle this Action. Such
15 Protected Material may be disclosed only to the categories of persons and under the
16 conditions described in this Order. When the Action has been terminated, a
17 Receiving Party must comply with the provisions of section 13 below (FINAL
18 DISPOSITION).
19 Protected Material must be stored and maintained by a Receiving Party at a
20 location and in a secure manner that ensures that access is limited to the persons
21 authorized under this Order.
22 7.2 Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items. Unless
23 otherwise ordered by the court or permitted in writing by the Designating Party, a
24 Receiving Party may disclose any information or item designated
25 “CONFIDENTIAL” only to:
26 (a) the Receiving Party’s Outside Counsel of Record in this Action,
27 as well as employees of said Outside Counsel of Record to whom it is reasonably
1 (b) the officers, directors, and employees (including House Counsel)
2 of the Receiving Party to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action;
3 (c) Experts (as defined in this Order) of the Receiving Party to
4 whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action and who have signed the
5 “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);
6 (d) the court and its personnel;
7 (e) court reporters and their staff;
8 (f) professional jury or trial consultants, mock jurors, and
9 Professional Vendors to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action
10 and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit
11 A);
12 (g) the author or recipient of a document containing the information
13 or a custodian or other person who otherwise possessed or knew the information;
14 (h) during their depositions, witnesses ,and attorneys for witnesses,
15 in the Action to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary provided: (1) the deposing
16 party requests that the witness sign the form attached as Exhibit 1 hereto; and (2)
17 they will not be permitted to keep any confidential information unless they sign the
18 “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A), unless otherwise
19 agreed by the Designating Party or ordered by the court. Pages of transcribed
20 deposition testimony or exhibits to depositions that reveal Protected Material may
21 be separately bound by the court reporter and may not be disclosed to anyone except
22 as permitted under this Stipulated Protective Order; and
23 (i) any mediator or settlement officer, and their supporting
24 personnel, mutually agreed upon by any of the parties engaged in settlement
25 discussions.
26 8. PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED PRODUCED
27 IN OTHER LITIGATION
1 that compels disclosure of any information or items designated in this Action as
2 “CONFIDENTIAL,” that Party must:
3 (a) promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such
4 notification shall include a copy of the subpoena or court order;
5 (b) promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or
6 order to issue in the other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the
7 subpoena or order is subject to this Protective Order. Such notification shall include
8 a copy of this Stipulated Protective Order; and
9 (c) cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be
10 pursued by the Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected.
11 If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with
12 the subpoena or court order shall not produce any information designated in this
13 action as “CONFIDENTIAL” before a determination by the court from which the
14 subpoena or order issued, unless the Party has obtained the Designating Party’s
15 permission. The Designating Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking
16 protection in that court of its confidential material and nothing in these provisions
17 should be construed as authorizing or encouraging a Receiving Party in this Action
18 to disobey a lawful directive from another court.
19 9. A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE
20 PRODUCED IN THIS LITIGATION
21 (a) The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced
22 by a Non-Party in this Action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL.” Such
23 information produced by Non-Parties in connection with this litigation is protected
24 by the remedies and relief provided by this Order. Nothing in these provisions
25 should be construed as prohibiting a Non-Party from seeking additional protections.
26 (b) In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request,
27 to produce a Non-Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is
1 confidential information, then the Party shall:
2 (1) promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the
3 Non-Party that some or all of the information requested is subject to a
4 confidentiality agreement with a Non-Party;
5 (2) promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the
6 Stipulated Protective Order in this Action, the relevant discovery request(s), and a
7 reasonably specific description of the information requested; and
8 (3) make the information requested available for inspection by
9 the Non-Party, if requested.
10 (c) If the Non-Party fails to seek a protective order from this court
11 within 14 days of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving
12 Party may produce the Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the
13 discovery request. If the Non-Party timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving
14 Party shall not produce any information in its possession or control that is subject to
15 the confidentiality agreement with the Non-Party before a determination by the
16 court. Absent a court order to the contrary, the Non-Party shall bear the burden and
17 expense of seeking protection in this court of its Protected Material.
18 10. UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
19 If a Receiving Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has disclosed
20 Protected Material to any person or in any circumstance not authorized under this
21 Stipulated Protective Order, the Receiving Party must immediately (a) notify in
22 writing the Designating Party of the unauthorized disclosures, (b) use its best efforts
23 to retrieve all unauthorized copies of the Protected Material, (c) inform the person or
24 persons to whom unauthorized disclosures were made of all the terms of this Order,
25 and (d) request such person or persons to execute the “Acknowledgment and
26 Agreement to Be Bound” that is attached hereto as Exhibit A.
27 / / /
1 11. INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE
2 PROTECTED MATERIAL
3 When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain
4 inadvertently produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other protection,
5 the obligations of the Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule of Civil
6 Procedure 26(b)(5)(B). This provision is not intended to modify whatever procedure
7 may be established in an e-discovery order that provides for production without
8 prior privilege review. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 502(d) and (e), insofar
9 as the parties reach an agreement on the effect of disclosure of a communication or
10 information covered by the attorney-client privilege or work product protection, the
11 parties may incorporate their agreement in the stipulated protective order submitted
12 to the court.
13 12. MISCELLANEOUS
14 12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any
15 person to seek its modification by the Court in the future.
16 12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this
17 Protective Order no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to
18 disclosing or producing any information or item on any ground not addressed in this
19 Stipulated Protective Order. Similarly, no Party waives any right to object on any
20 ground to use in evidence of any of the material covered by this Protective Order.
21 12.3 Filing Protected Material. A Party that seeks to file under seal any
22 Protected Material must comply with Civil Local Rule 79-5. Protected Material may
23 only be filed under seal pursuant to a court order authorizing the sealing of the
24 specific Protected Material at issue. If a Party's request to file Protected Material
25 under seal is denied by the court, then the Receiving Party may file the information
26 in the public record unless otherwise instructed by the court.
27 13. FINAL DISPOSITION
1 days of a written request by the Designating Party, each Receiving Party must return
2 all Protected Material to the Producing Party or destroy such material. As used in
3 this subdivision, “all Protected Material” includes all copies, abstracts, compilations,
4 summaries, and any other format reproducing or capturing any of the Protected
5 Material. Whether the Protected Material is returned or destroyed, the Receiving
6 Party must submit a written certification to the Producing Party (and, if not the same
7 person or entity, to the Designating Party) by the 60 day deadline that (1) identifies
8 (by category, where appropriate) all the Protected Material that was returned or
9 destroyed and (2) affirms that the Receiving Party has not retained any copies,
10 abstracts, compilations, summaries or any other format reproducing or capturing any
11 of the Protected Material. Notwithstanding this provision, Counsel are entitled to
12 retain an archival copy of all pleadings, motion papers, trial, deposition, and hearing
13 transcripts, legal memoranda, correspondence, deposition and trial exhibits, expert
14 reports, attorney work product, and consultant and expert work product, even if such
15 materials contain Protected Material. Any such archival copies that contain or
16 constitute Protected Material remain subject to this Protective Order as set forth in
17 Section 4 (DURATION).
18 14. VIOLATION
19 Any violation of this Order may be punished by any and all appropriate
20 measures including, without limitation, contempt proceedings and/or monetary
21 sanctions.
22 IT IS SO STIPULATED, THROUGH COUNSEL OF RECORD.
23
24 DATED: June 30, 2025
25
26 /s/ Agavni Tulekyan
Agavni Tulekyan
27
Attorneys for Plaintiff
1|}DATED: June 30, 2025
2
3 ||__/s/ Nathan_A. Oyster
4 Nathan A. Oyster
Caylin W. Jones
5 || Sydney M. Gronroos
6 Attorneys for Defendants
COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE, CORY TOBIN,
7||MARITZA MARES, and SAXON BRAUSE
9 || FOR GOOD CAUSE SHOWN, IT IS SO ORDERED.
10
July 1, 2025
11||DATED: “>”
12
13 Ve /. /
14 Hon. David T. Btsstow
United States Magistrate Judge
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E, WILLIAMS &
1 EXHIBIT A
2 ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND AGREEMENT TO BE BOUND
3 I, [print or type full name], of
4 [print or type full address], declare under penalty of perjury that I have read
5 in its entirety and understand the Stipulated Protective Order that was issued by the
6 United States District Court for the Central District of California on [date] in the
7 case of [insert formal name of the case and the number and initials assigned to
8 it by the court]. I agree to comply with and to be bound by all the terms of this
9 Stipulated Protective Order and I understand and acknowledge that failure to so
10 comply could expose me to sanctions and punishment in the nature of contempt. I
11 solemnly promise that I will not disclose in any manner any information or item that
12 is subject to this Stipulated Protective Order to any person or entity except in strict
13 compliance with the provisions of this Order.
14 I further agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the
15 Central District of California for the purpose of enforcing the terms of this
16 Stipulated Protective Order, even if such enforcement proceedings occur after
17 termination of this action. I hereby appoint [print or type
18 full name] of [print or type full address and
19 telephone number] as my California agent for service of process in connection with
20 this action or any proceedings related to enforcement of this Stipulated Protective
21 Order.
22 Date:
23 City and State where sworn and signed:
24
25 Printed name:
26
27 Signature: