The opinion
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
)
MICHEAL N.B. ATTAWAY, )
)
Plaintiff, )
) Case No. 24-cv-689-RJD
v. )
)
DARREN GALLOWAY and AMANDA )
SMITH, )
)
Defendants. )
)
ORDER
DALY, Magistrate Judge:
Plaintiff, formerly incarcerated within the Illinois Department of Corrections, filed this
lawsuit pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §1983. Docs. 1, 24. He alleged that Defendants Darren Galloway
and Amanda Smith, in retaliation for Plaintiff’s lawsuits against Defendant Galloway, placed him
on crisis watch in February 2024 at Shawnee Correctional Center. Doc. 24, p. 6. Plaintiff
proceeds on one claim against Defendants for violating his First Amendment rights. Id.
Plaintiff was incarcerated at Shawnee Correctional Center when he filed suit on March 8,
2024; he was released from prison in June 2024. Doc. 37. Defendants filed a Motion for
Summary Judgment on October 16, 2024, contending that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his
administrative remedies prior to filing suit, as required by 42 U.S.C. §1997e(a). Docs. 55, 56, 57.
Along with their Motion, Defendants filed a Notice that explained the consequences of failing to
respond to the Motion. Doc. 57.
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Plaintiff did not file a timely Response to the Motion.1 Plaintiff’s verified Complaint
states that he “filed grievances at all levels of the prison grievance procedure” but “received no
response or acknowledgment” to those grievances. Doc. 1, p. 5. Consequently, the Court held
an evidentiary hearing on the “debatable factual issue” of whether Plaintiff attempted to submit
grievances that were subsequently lost or ignored by the prison. Pavey v. Conley, 544 F.3d 739
(7th Cir. 2008).
Exhaustion Requirements
Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a), prisoners are required to exhaust available
administrative remedies prior to filing lawsuits in federal court. Inmates who intend to file suit
are required to follow all steps and instructions in the grievance process before filing with the
Court in order to “[allow prisons] to address complaints about the program [they administer] before
being subjected to suit, [reduce] litigation to the extent complaints are satisfactorily resolved, and
[improve] litigation that does occur by leading to the preparation of a useful record.” Jones v. Bock,
549 U.S. 199, 219 (2007). An inmate in the custody of the Illinois Department of Corrections
must first submit a written grievance within 60 days after the discovery of the incident or problem
to his or her institutional counselor. 20 ILL. ADMIN. CODE § 504.810(a). The grievance must
contain “factual details regarding each aspect of the offender's complaint, including what
happened, when, where and the name of each person who is the subject of or who is otherwise
involved in the complaint.” 20 ILL. ADMIN. CODE § 504.810(c). If more than sixty days has
passed since the discovery of the incident or problem, the grievance will still be considered if the
1 On March 31, 2025, Plaintiff filed a Motion for Leave to file a Response to the Motion for Summary Judgment.
Doc. 60. Within the proposed Response, Plaintiff stated that he “made a good faith attempt to file grievances
regarding these matters, but they may have been misplaced or misclassified within the administrative system.” Doc.
60-1, p. 2. The Court denied Plaintiff leave to file the proposed Response because Plaintiff had not established good
cause or excusable neglect for the late filing. Doc. 73.
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inmate can demonstrate good cause for the lapse of time. Id. §504.810(a).
If the complaint is not resolved through a counselor, the grievance is considered by a
Grievance Officer who must render a written recommendation to the Chief Administrative Officer
— usually the Warden — within 2 months of receipt, “when reasonably feasible under the
circumstances.” Id. §504.830(e). The CAO then advises the inmate of a decision on the
grievance. Id. An inmate may appeal the decision of the Chief Administrative Officer in writing
within 30 days to the Administrative Review Board for a final decision. Id. § 504.850(a); see also
Dole v. Chandler, 438 F.3d 804, 806–07 (7th Cir. 2006). The ARB will submit a written report
of its findings and recommendations to the Director who shall make a final determination within
6 months of receipt of the appeal. 20 ILL. ADMIN. CODE § 504.850(d) and (e).
Plaintiff’s grievance records
Records from Shawnee Correctional Center reflect that in 2023, Plaintiff submitted
grievances in June, August, and October regarding medical treatment and staff conduct. Doc. 56-
2. No records indicate that Plaintiff submitted a grievance within 60 days of the crisis watches in
February 2023. Id.
Pavey Hearing
Plaintiff appeared at the hearing held on June 17, 2025. Doc. 75. After being sworn in,
the undersigned asked Plaintiff to explain the efforts he made to submit a grievance regarding the
issues alleged in this case. Plaintiff testified that the grievance process forces inmates to “double
litigate” and places an undue burden on pro se litigants. He encouraged the undersigned to read
his book The Obliteration of the Gate Keeper which contains his critique of the Prison Litigation
Reform Act. Plaintiff stated that he had no other arguments to make or testimony to offer.
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Discussion
Plaintiff’s grievance records reflect that he failed to exhaust his administrative remedies
prior to filing suit. The Court held a Pavey hearing because Plaintiff’s verified Complaint stated
that he had submitted grievances at all levels of the prison grievance procedure and not received a
response. Having had the opportunity to hear Plaintiff refuse to provide any testimony to support
that statement, and the opportunity to witness Plaintiff’s demeanor, the Court finds that the
statement in Plaintiff’s Complaint is not credible. It is obvious that Plaintiff believes he should
not have had to submit a grievance regarding the incidents alleged in his Complaint. No
precedential authority allows the undersigned to bypass the exhaustion requirement in this case.
See Hernandez v. Lee, 128 F. 4th 866, 869 (7th Cir. 2025). Defendants’ Motion for Summary
Judgment is GRANTED. Plaintiff’s claims are DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE. The
Clerk of Court is directed to enter judgment accordingly.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
DATED: June 18, 2025
s/ Reona J. Daly
Reona J. Daly
United States Magistrate Judge
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