The opinion
Harvey v New York Foundling Hosp.
2025 NY Slip Op 30941(U)
March 21, 2025
Supreme Court, New York County
Docket Number: Index No. 453052/2021
Judge: James G. Clynes
Cases posted with a "30000" identifier, i.e., 2013 NY Slip
Op 30001(U), are republished from various New York
State and local government sources, including the New
York State Unified Court System's eCourts Service.
This opinion is uncorrected and not selected for official
publication.
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
SUPREME COURT OF THE STA TE OF NEW YORK
NEW YORK COUNTY
PRESENT: HON. JAMES G. CLYNES PART 22
Justice
------------------------------------------X
INDEX NO. 453052/2021
VIRGINIA A. HARVEY,
MOTION DATE 04/25/2024
Plaintiff,
MOTION SEQ. NO. 002
- V -
THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, DARRELL
LAMONT JONES DECISION + ORDER ON
MOTION
Defendant.
---------------------------------------------X
The following e-filed documents, listed by NYSCEF document number (Motion 002) 47, 48, 49, 50, 51,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61,62, 63,64, 65, 66,67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79,
80, 81
were read on this motion to/for JUDGMENT-SUMMARY
Upon the foregoing documents, the motion by Defendants THE NEW YORK
FOUNDLING HOS PITAL, DARRELL LAMONT JONES for summary judgment dismissing the
Plaintiffs complaint on the ground that Plaintiff has not suffered a serious injury pursuant
Insurance Law §5102(d), is granted.
FACTS
Plaintiff seeks recovery for injuries allegedly sustained as a result of a motor vehicle
accident on May 18, 2020 between the Plaintiff and the Defendant Lamont, who was operating a
vehicle owned by the defendant hospital that occurred on May 18, 2020 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 50
[summons and complaint]). As is relevant here, plaintiffs Bill of Particulars (NYSCEF Doc. No.
56) alleges injuries as follows:
HEAD - Posttraumatic occipital headaches.
CERVICAL SPINE-Posttraumatic neck pain radiating to the right
side, range of motion limitations, Evidence of right C6 cervical
radiculopathy, right paracentral broad-based disc herniation at the
C5-6 disc level indenting the thecal sac and foramina abutting the
exiting right C6 nerve root.
LUMBAR SPINE- Posttraumatic midback pain to the lower back,
range of motion limitations, posttraumatic lower pain radiating to
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 1 of 10
Motion No. 002
[* 1] 1 of 10
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
her bilateral buttocks with pain (increasing with movement, walking
and prolonged sitting), evidence of right L5-S 1 and left S 1 lumbar
radiculopathy, right foraminal herniation with annular tear and disc
bulge at L4-5 indenting the: thecal sac, lateral recesses and
foramina, abutting the bilateral exiting L4 nerve roots with bilateral
facet inflammation.
RIGHT SHOULDER-right arm weakness with increased pain with
movement and raising of right arm, range of motion limitations,
anterior superior labral tear.
RIGHT SHOULDER PROCEDURE performed on October 28,
2020 - surgical arthroscopy of the right shoulder, partial labral
debridement, subacromial decompression with distal clavicle
resection, acromioplasty, synovectomy, debridement. As a result of
the procedure, Plaintiff is claiming: post-surgical scarring, post-
traumatic arthritis, severe pain, swelling and tenderness, marked
restriction in range of motion, need for future orthopedic care
In addition, Plaintiffs First Supplemental Bill of Particulars (NYSCEF Doc. No. 57)
alleges the following:
LUMBAR SPINE procedure performed on January 17, 2022, that
consisted of: Lumbar discectomy L3-L4, Lumbar discectomy L4-
L5, Lumbar discogram, 2 transforaminal lumbar epidural steroid
injections L3-L4. As a result of this procedure, Plaintiff is claiming
that she severely suffered, still suffers and will continue to suffer
from the following injuries: post-surgical scarring, post-traumatic
arthritis, severe pain, swelling and tenderness, restriction in range of
motion, need for future surgery.
Plaintiff is not making a loss of wages claim (NYSCEF Doc No. 55 [Deposition Transcript
of Plaintiff]). Nor is she alleging that she sustained a serious injury as defined by §5102 of the
Insurance Law in either her Bill of Particulars or the Supplemental Bill of Particulars. However,
in opposition to the motion, plaintiff relies on the findings of her treating physicians that she has
suffered permanent injuries to her right shoulder, lumbar spine, cervical spine, and/or permanent
consequential limitation of use of these body parts, and/or significant limitation of use of these
body parts.
Defendants support their motion with the affirmed independent examination reports of:
Dr. Craig H. Sherman, a Radiologist, dated March 5, 2024 (NYSCEF Doc No. 67); Dr. Andrew
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 2 of 10
Motion No. 002
2 of 10
[* 2]
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
N. Bazos, a board-certified orthopedic surgeon, dated May 29, 2023 (NYSCEF Doc No. 68), and
Dr. Daniel J. Feuer, a board-certified neurologist dated March 11, 2023 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 69).
Dr. Craig H. Sherman - Radiologist
Dr. Sherman reviewed the submitted images and imaging reports of the body parts in
chronological order and the Bill of Particulars and the First Supplemental Bill of Particulars. Upon
review of the MRI of the cervical spine from Stelton Radiology performed on August 29, 2019,
Dr. Sherman found no acute traumatic abnormality; chronic degenerative disc dehydration at C2-
C3 and C5-C6; right-sided posterior spondylitis ridge at C5-C6 producing slight indentation on
the thecal sac and mild right-sided neural foraminal encroachment; and no disc herniation seen at
any level. Upon review of the MRI of the cervical spine from AMDS performed on June 24, 2020,
Dr. Sherman found: no acute traumatic abnormality; stable chronic degenerative disc dehydration
at C2-C3 and C5-C6; stable slight right-sided spondylosis at C5-C6 producing mild indentation on
the thecal sac and slight right-sided neural foraminal encroachment; no disc herniation seen at any
level.
Upon review of the MRI of the lumbar spine from Stelton Radiology performed on August
29, 2019, Dr. Sherman found: no traumatic abnormality; chronic disc degeneration and facet
arthritis at L4-L5 with slight degenerative annular bulge and dorsal ligamentum flavum thickening
producing a mild degree of central canal and right lateral recess stenosis; mild chronic degenerative
facet arthritis and slight degenerative annular bulge at L5-S 1 protruding into ventral epidural fat;
no disc herniation seen at any level. Upon review of the MRI of the lumbar spine from AMDS
performed on June 24, 2020, Dr. Sherman found: no traumatic abnormality; stable chronic disc
degeneration and facet arthritis at L4-L5 with slight degenerative annular bulge and dorsal
ligamentum flavum thickening resulting in a mild degree of central canal and right lateral recess
stenosis, stable chronic degenerative annular bulge at L5-S 1; no disc herniation seen at any level.
Upon review of the MRI of the right shoulder from AMDS performed on May 29, 2020,
Dr. Sherman found: no acute traumatic abnormality; no rotator cuff, labral, or biceps tendon tear;
minor subcoracoid bursitis.
Dr. Andrew N. Bazos - Orthopedic Surgeon
Dr. Bazos, reviewed Plaintiffs Bill of Particulars, records from Dr. Walter F. Pizzi; MRI
of the right shoulder dated May 29, 2020; MRI for the cervical spine dated June 24, 2020; MRI of
the lumbar spine dated July 2, 2020; electrodiagnostic studies of the upper extremities dated July
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 3 of 10
Motion No. 002
3 of 10
[* 3]
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
8, 2020, by Dr Pizzi; records from HealthEast Medical Group; electrodiagnostic studies of the
lower extremities dated September 2, 2020, by Dr. Pizzi; operative report regarding surgical
arthroscopy of the right shoulder by Dr. Jason R. Baynes dated October 28, 2020; records from
Richmond University Medical Center dated June 17, 2019; records from Dr. Hadassah Orenstein
dated August 20, 2019; and electrodiagnostic studies of the upper and lower extremities by
Hadassah Orenstein dated August 29, 2019.
Dr. Bazos performed an independent medical examination on the plaintiff on May 4, 2023.
Upon review of the medical records and based on the examination of the plaintiff, Dr. Bazos opined
that the plaintiff sustained nothing more than minor, self-limited, soft tissue strain injuries to the
cervical spine, lumbar spine and right shoulder. Dr. Bazos states that any proposed injury the
plaintiff may have sustained is based solely on her history and subjective complaints alone due to
the lack of any accident-related objective findings. Dr. Bazos observed that the plaintiff's injuries
have been resolved completely, and she requires no additional medical treatment; she is left with
no disability or limitations in performing her normal daily activities. Dr. Bazos finds that plaintiff's
past medical history is significant for pre-existing neck, lower back and right shoulder injuries;
she was treated a few months before the subject accident for neck, lower back, and right shoulder
pain as a result of an accident in 2019. When comparing the medical records from before the
subject accident to those after the accident, Dr. Bazos finds no change in the plaintiff's baseline
level of comfort and function. Dr. Bazos states that the subject accident had no overarching impact
on the plaintiff's status of musculoskeletal health, and any ongoing discomfort she might be
experiencing is the result of her pre-existing issues and not in any way causally related to the
subject accident. Dr. Bazos concludes in his examination that the plaintiff sustained at most minor,
self-limited, soft tissue strain injuries to the cervical spine, lumbar spine and right shoulder and
these injuries would have resolved fully within just a few weeks with conservative management
based on known biologic properties; the right shoulder surgery performed was not medically
necessary as a result of the accident in question; any ongoing discomfort she might be experiencing
is the result of her pre-existing issues and not anything causally related to the subject accident. Dr.
Bazos also found that the plaintiff has made a full recovery from her injuries and requires no
additional treatment; she is left with no disability or limitations in performing her normal daily
activities as it relates to the subject incident.
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 4 of 10
Motion No. 002
[* 4] 4 of 10
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
Dr. Daniel J. Feuer - Neurologist
Dr. Feuer reviewed Plaintiffs Bill of Particulars of the pnor accident (Index #
725381/2020); medical records from Dr. Walter Pizzi; MRI reports of the right shoulder dated
May 29, 2020, cervical spine dated June 24, 2020, and lumbar spine dated July 2, 2020; EMG/NCV
report of the upper extremities dated July 8, 2020; EMG/NCV report of the lower extremities dated
September 2, 2020; medical records and evaluation reports of Dr. Jason Bynes from Health
Medical Alliance; Procedure note dated October 28, 2020 from Dr. Baynes of the surgical
arthroscopy of the right shoulder; Richmond University Medical Center medical records;
EMG/NCV report of the upper and lower extremities dated August 29, 2019, Hadassah Orenstein,
MD. - Impression: The above electrodiagnostic study reveals evidence of a severe bilateral carpal
tunnel syndrome (median nerve entrapment at wrist) affecting sensory components. The above
electrodiagnostic study reveals no evidence of lumber or cervical radiculopathy. In his report, Dr.
Feuer, noted that plaintiffs present neurological examination is within normal limits; motor, reflex
and sensory examinations are within normal limits. Dr. Feuer found no objective clinical deficits
referable to the central or peripheral nervous system to support her subjective complaints. Dr.
Feuer found no objective clinical deficits to support a diagnosis of radiculopathy. Dr. Feuer
observed that plaintiff was not undergoing active therapy treatments or taking pain medications at
the time of the examination. In conclusion, Dr. Feuer finds that plaintiff does not demonstrate any
objective neurological disability or neurological permanency; she is neurologically stable to
engage in full active employment as a technician, as well as the full activities of daily living
without restriction.
In support of their motion, Defendants submit that plaintiff was involved in a prior motor
vehicle accident that occurred on March 30, 2019 - approximately 14 months prior to the subject
May 18, 2020, motor vehicle accident, and argue that the injuries alleged by plaintiff in the subject
litigation were pre-existing and stem from her prior motor vehicle accident which occurred on
March 30,2019 (NYSCEF Doc No. 48 [Affirmation of Matthew Kelly, Esq.] ,r,r 16-32).
Defendants also point to a questionnaire signed by plaintiff, at a visit following the March
30, 2019 accident with Dr. S. Ramachandran Nair dated April 3, 2019. In it, plaintiff complained
of severe pain that affected her ability to lift heavy weights, prolonged sitting and standing, and
sleeping; very bad headaches; pain in her neck that affected her ability to drive; she was unable to
do her usual work, her injuries cause a moderate problem walking on flat surfaces up to a half
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 5 of 10
Motion No. 002
5 of 10
[* 5]
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
more and moderate problem with stairs (NYSCEF Doc No. 60 [ Pre-accident questionnaire from
Dr. Ramachandran]).
Another initial examination report from Dr. Hadassah Orenstein dated August 23, 2019,
reflects that plaintiff complained of pain in her neck, lower back and right shoulder. The report
indicated that plaintiff's pain was aggravated by activities of daily living including walking,
climbing stairs, standing, sitting, bending, lifting, reaching, chores and working. Physical
examination demonstrated severe restricted range of motion with pain to the cervical spine, lumbar
spine and right shoulder. Diagnostic impressions listed in the report included cervical disc disorder
with radiculopathy; myalgia; intervertebral disc disorders with radiculopathy in the lumbar region
and shoulder pain (NYSCEF Doc No. 61 [pre-accident initial examination report from Dr.
Orenstein]).
The pre-accident lumbar spine MRI report from Stelton Radiology, dated August 29, 2019,
revealed mild dextroscoliosis; a central subligamentous disc herniation superimposed upon
annular bulging with thecal sac compression and bilateral foraminal stenosis at the L4-L5 level;
and central subligamentous disc herniation with thecal sac compression at the L5-Sl level.
(NYSCEF Doc No. 62, pre-accident lumbar spine MRI report).
Additionally, according to a report from Body Acupuncture PC, dated September 10, 2019,
plaintiff reported pain in her neck, lower back and right shoulder. The report noted tenderness
upon palpation and pain upon flexion/extension in her cervical spine; tenderness upon palpation
and pain on motion of the trunk/ flexion/ extension/ rotation of the lumbar spine; and tenderness
upon palpation and restricted range of motion in the right shoulder. The diagnostic impression was
sprain of the ligament of the cervical spine; sprain of the lumbar spine and pelvis; and sprain of
the right shoulder (NYSCEF Doc No. 63 [pre-accident medical report from Body Acupuncture
PC]).
Further, the records from Morning Star Physical Therapy also confirm that plaintiff was
receiving physical therapy on her neck, lower back and right shoulder in March 2020. A physical
therapy re-evaluation report dated March 5, 2020 noted that plaintiff continued to have radiating
right shoulder pain, neck pain, low back pain (NYSCEF Doc No. 64 [pre-accident physical therapy
records from Morning Star Physical Therapy]).
Also, in a report from Dr. Kotkes, dated February 20, 2020, plaintiff complained of low
back pain and neck pain/cervicalgia due to the March 30, 2019 motor vehicle accident. Physical
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 6 of 10
Motion No. 002
[* 6] 6 of 10
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
examination revealed range of motion restrictions. Due to the on-going lower back complaints, Dr.
Kotkes administered a trigger point injection to the lumbar spine on February 20, 2020 (NYSCEF
Doc No. 65 [pre-accident medical records from Dr. Kotkes]).
Finally, when plaintiff returned to Dr. Kotkes on March 19, 2020, she continued to
complain of low back pain and neck pain/cervicalgia. Plaintiff rated her low back pain as 9 out of
10. Physical examination again revealed severe restricted range of motion in her cervical spine and
lumbar spine. Dr. Kotkes diagnosed plaintiff with L4-S 1 disc herniations; cervicalgia; lumbar
radiculopathy; and lumbar intervertebral disc displacement. Notably, Dr. Kotkes recommended
interventional pain management procedures including a percutaneous lumbar discectomy and
annuloplasty, epidural injections and trigger point injections. Dr. Kotkes administered a lumbar
epidural steroid injection with fluoroscopy, and a lumbar epidurogram and a trigger point injection
on March 19, 2020 (NYSCEF Doc No. 66 [pre-accident medical records from Dr. Kotkes]).
In opposition, Plaintiff submits her own affirmation describing the May 18, 2020 accident,
the claimed injuries, and the resulting medical treatments (NYSCEF Doc No. 73 [Plaintiff's
affidavit]). Plaintiff avers that on May 18, 2020, she was involved in a motor vehicle accident
where, and as a result she claims that she injured her right shoulder, lumbar spine, and cervical
spine. She states that after the accident, she drove herself to Hylan Urgent Care where due to
Covid-19 restrictions, she was seen virtually by Dr. Walter Pizzi where she claims that she was
examined and recommended physical therapy. Plaintiff started treatment with physical therapy,
acupuncture, and chiropractic treatment for her cervical spine, lumbar spine and right shoulder.
After several weeks, when she was still having complications, she was referred for MRis.
Plaintiff states that Dr. Pizzi discussed the MRI results with her and was told that she had
issues with her right shoulder, cervical spine and lumbar spine and was referred to an Orthopedist
for her right shoulder. Plaintiff states that she underwent right shoulder surgery on October 28,
2020, and that she was still experiencing pain and was limited in her range of motion to her right
shoulder following the surgery. Additionally, plaintiff claims that the pain in her neck and back
was not subsiding although she was continuously receiving her therapy. She states that Dr.
Apazidis who performed a range of motion testing, noted severe limited range of motion to her
cervical spine and lumbar spine, and Dr. Apazidis recommended a cervical spine discectomy, but
she did not follow up on this recommendation. Plaintiff affirms that on January 17, 2022, she
underwent a lumbar spine discectomy and two epidural steroid injections. She claims that she
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 7 of 10
Motion No. 002
[* 7] 7 of 10
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
continues to have pain in her right shoulder, cervical spine and lumbar spine. Plaintiff contends
that she utilizes a cane and a back brace when the pain and discomfort are overwhelming, and she
takes over the counter medications to help alleviate the pain.
Plaintiff concedes that she was involved in a motor vehicle accident on March 30, 2019, in
which she sustained injuries to her cervical spine and lumbar spine and underwent a lumbar spine
epidural injection. She claims that the last date of treatment for the March 30, 2019 accident was
approximately in March of 2020 and that she was living pain and symptom free up to the time of
the May 2020 accident. However, this account is contradicted by the multiple medical reports
described about and the other documents submitted by the defendants, some of them signed by
plaintiff herself. Notably, nowhere does her affidavit state that she revealed the earlier accident to
her treating medical providers, who did not treat her for the injuries sustained therein.
Plaintiff also submits an affirmation from her own surgeon, Jason R. Baynes (NYSCEF
Doc No 78). Dr. Baynes' review of records included various reports from Drs. Pizzi, Baynes,
Harold Delaleu, and the MRI films and the results of Plaintiff's other diagnostic tests. He
concluded that there was a direct causal relationship between the motor vehicle accident of May
18, 2020, and the injury to the right shoulder. Dr. Baynes also recounts plaintiff told him that she
had no problem with her right shoulder and arm prior to the 2020 accident but experienced
permanently decreased range of arm motion and shoulder weakness afterwards.
However, Dr. Baynes fails to make any mention of the 2019 accident or its relationship to
her injuries. In particular, he does not address the MRis showing degenerative conditions in her
cervical, lumbar spine and right shoulder, the medical records reflecting a history of chronic neck,
back and shoulder pain, or the records demonstrating that surgery was recommended before the
2020 accident.
DISCUSSION
The proponent of a summary judgment motion must make a prima facie showing of
entitlement to judgment as a matter of law, tendering sufficient evidence to eliminate any material
issues of fact from the case (Wine grad v New York University Medical Center, 64 NY2d 851, 853
[1985]). Once this showing has been made, the burden shifts to the non-moving party to produce
evidentiary proof in admissible form sufficient to establish the existence of material issues of fact
that require a trial for resolution (Licari v Elliott, 57 NY2d 230 [1982]). Failure to make such a
showing requires denial of the motion, regardless of the sufficiency of the opposing papers (see
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 8 of 10
Motion No. 002
[* 8] 8 of 10
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
Winegrad at 853). In reviewing the motion, the court "must view the evidence in the light most
favorable to the nonmoving party, including drawing all reasonable inferences in favor of the
nonmoving party" (Vega v Metropolitan Transp. Auth., 212 AD3d 587, 588 [Pt Dept 2023]).
In order to satisfy the burden under Insurance Law 5102 (d), a plaintiff must meet the
"serious injury" threshold (Toure v Avis Rent a Car Sys., 98 NY2d 345, 352 [2002] [finding that
in order to establish a prima facie case that a plaintiff in a negligence action arising from a motor
vehicle accident did sustain a serious injury, plaintiff must establish the existence of either a
"permanent consequential limitation of use of a body organ or member [or a] significant limitation
of use of a body function or system"]). The movant bears the initial burden to establish that the
plaintiff has not sustained a serious injury (Bray v Rosas, 29 AD3d 422 [1st Dept 2006] citing
Rodriguez v Goldstein, 182 AD2d 396 [1st Dept 1992]). Such evidence includes affidavits or
affirmation of medical experts who examined the plaintiff and conclude that no objective medical
findings support the plaintiffs claim" (Spencer v Golden Eagle, Inc., 82 AD3d 589,590 [1st Dept
2011] [internal quotation marks and citations omitted]). Finally, "[o]nee the defendant meets
[their] initial burden, the plaintiff must then demonstrate a triable issue of fact as to whether ...
[they] sustained a serious injury" (Spencer, 82 AD3d at 590).
In view of the evidence above, Defendants have made a prima facie showing that plaintiff
did not suffer a serious injury as a result of the subject accident with evidence that plaintiff had
normal range of motion in her neck, back and right shoulder, that she had preexisting injuries to
each of those parts resulting from the prior accident (see Mitrotti v Elia, 91 AD3d 449 [1st Dept.
2012]). Plaintiff has not rebutted that showing, and her submissions are insufficient to raise a
triable issue of fact as to whether the 2020 accident was the cause of her injuries. Her expert's
conclusory affidavit does not explain why Plaintiffs preexisting conditions could not have been
the cause of her current complaints (see Monahan v Reyes, 184 AD3d 460 [1st Dept 2020]; Marino
v Amoah, 143 AD3d 541 [1st Dept. 2015]; Jimenez v Polanco, 88 AD3d 604 [1st Dept 2011]).
Moreover, the Plaintiffs current complaints, as set forth in her affidavit, while suggestive
of discomfort, do not suggest the inability to perform substantially all of her usual and customary
daily activities (see Berk v Lopez 278 AD2d 156 [1st Dept. 2000]). Nor is there any evidence that
plaintiff was sufficiently limited in her activities outside of her employment so as to satisfy this
threshold (id.) Finally, Plaintiff's 90/180- day claim is defeated by the lack of evidence showing
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 9 of 10
Motion No. 002
9 of 10
[* 9]
[FILED: NEW YORK COUNTY CLERK 03/24/2025 04:45 P~ INDEX NO. 453052/2021
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 83 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/24/2025
a causal nexus between the accident and the injury (see Sanchez v Steele, 149 AD3d 459 [1st Dept.
2017]).
Accordingly, it is
ORDERED that defendants' motion for summary judgment is granted and the complaint
is dismissed; and it is further
ORDERED that the Clerk is directed to enter judgment accordingly.
This constitutes the Decision and Order of the Court.
3/21/2025
DATE JAMES G. CL YNES, J:s.c.
~
CHECK ONE: CASE DISPOSED NON-FINAL DISPOSITION
GRANTED □ DENIED GRANTED IN PART □ OTHER
APPLICATION: SETTLE ORDER SUBMIT ORDER
CHECK IF APPROPRIATE: INCLUDES TRANSFER/REASSIGN FIDUCIARY APPOINTMENT □ REFERENCE
453052/2021 HARVEY, VIRGINIA A. vs. THE NEW YORK FOUNDLING HOSPITAL ET AL Page 10 of 10
Motion No. 002
[* 10] 10 of 10