Romanov v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF TENNESSEE

AT KNOXVILLE

SUSAN ROMANOV, )

) Case No. 3:22-cv-443

Plaintiff, )

) Judge Travis R. McDonough

v. )

) Magistrate Judge Debra C. Poplin

STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE )

INSURANCE COMPANY, )

)

Defendant.

ORDER

Before the Court are Plaintiff Susan Romanov’s motion to redact personal information

from transcripts in this case (Doc. 218) and motion to correct the transcripts in this case (Doc.

219). For the following reasons, Plaintiff’s motion to redact (Doc. 218) will be GRANTED IN

PART and DENIED IN PART. Plaintiff’s motion to correct (Doc. 219) will be DENIED.

I. BACKGROUND

The jury returned a verdict in this matter on July 8, 2024. (See Doc. 201.) Plaintiff filed

a motion for a new trial on July 31, 2024, and the Court denied Plaintiff’s motion on October 7,

2024. (See Docs. 205, 209.) Plaintiff appealed the Court’s decision on November 5, 2024. (See

Doc. 210.) Plaintiff filed the present two motions to redact and correct the transcripts from trial

on January 19, 2025, and February 7, 2025, respectively. (See Docs. 218, 219.) Defendant State

Farm has not responded to Plaintiff’s motion to redact, and it is ripe for review. See E.D. Tenn.

L.R. 7.1(a) (providing 14 days for a response). Plaintiff’s motion to correct is not ripe for review

but considering that Plaintiff argues she needs this relief for her appellate briefing, the Court will

evaluate the motion before it is ripe. See E.D. Tenn. L.R. 7.2 (“Under exceptional

circumstances, the Court may act upon a motion prior to the expiration of the response time.”).

II. STANDARD OF LAW

A. Redaction

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 5.2(a) provides that:

Unless the court orders otherwise, in an electronic or paper filing with the court

that contains an individual’s social-security number, taxpayer-identification

number, or birth date, the name of an individual known to be a minor, or a

financial-account number, a party or nonparty making the filing may include only:

(1) the last four digits of the social-security number and taxpayer-identification

number;

(2) the year of the individual’s birth;

(3) the minor’s initials; and

(4) the last four digits of the financial-account number.

Pursuant to Judicial Conference policy, “Courts making electronic documents remotely available

to the public shall make electronic transcripts of proceedings remotely available to the public if

such transcripts are prepared,” and such transcripts “must conform to Fed. R. Civ. P. 5.2(a).”

Privacy Policy for Electronic Case Files, UNITED STATES COURTS (last visited February 11,

2025), https://www.uscourts.gov/privacy-policy-electronic-case-files. “The Rules do not grant

parties the power to unilaterally redact information on the basis of relevance.” Chelsey Nelson

Photography LLC v. Louisville/Jefferson Cnty. Metro Gov’t, No. 319CV00851BJBCHL, 2022

WL 1814260, at *7 (W.D. Ky. June 2, 2022) (internal quotations omitted) (quoting Bartholomew

v. Avalon Cap. Grp., Inc., 278 F.R.D. 441, 452 (D. Minn. 2011)). “The public has a strong

interest in obtaining the information contained in the court record.” Brown & Williamson

Tobacco Corp. v. FTC, 710 F.2d 1165, 1180 (6th Cir. 1983). “Only the most compelling reasons

can justify non-disclosure of judicial records.” Pillar Title Agency v. Pei, No. 2:14-CV-525,

2023 WL 2925116, at *1 (S.D. Ohio Apr. 13, 2023) (internal quotations omitted) (quoting Shane

Grp., Inc. v. Blue Cross Blue Shield, 825 F.3d 299, 305 (6th Cir. 2016)).

B. Correction

28 U.S.C. § 753(b) provides that:

Each session of the court and every other proceeding designated by rule or order

of the court or by one of the judges shall be recorded verbatim by shorthand,

mechanical means, electronic sound recording, or any other method, subject to

regulations promulgated by the Judicial Conference and subject to the discretion

and approval of the judge. The regulations promulgated pursuant to the preceding

sentence shall prescribe the types of electronic sound recording or other means

which may be used. Proceedings to be recorded under this section include (1) all

proceedings in criminal cases had in open court; (2) all proceedings in other cases

had in open court unless the parties with the approval of the judge shall agree

specifically to the contrary; and (3) such other proceedings as a judge of the court

may direct or as may be required by rule or order of court as may be requested by

any party to the proceeding.

This provides a mandatory rule. United States v. Gallo, 763 F.2d 1504, 1530 (6th Cir. 1985)

(citations omitted), on reh’g in part sub nom. United States v. Graewe, 774 F.2d 106 (6th Cir.

1985). “Furthermore, it is the duty of the court . . . to meet the Act’s requirements.” Id. (citing

United States v. Garner, 581 F.2d 481 (5th Cir. 1978)). “A violation of the recording mandate,

however, is not per se error, and thus without more does not require reversal.” Id. “[F]or an

omission in the record to constitute error, the [party] must show actual hardship or prejudice.”

United States v. Creech, No. CIV.A. 6:08-7014-DCR, 2011 WL 250998, at *6 (E.D. Ky. Jan. 26,

2011) (citing Gallo, 763 F.2d at 1531).

III. ANALYSIS

A. Redaction

In Plaintiff’s motion to redact, she requests the redaction of “her personal data identifiers

and her personal and confidential medical information related testimony.” (Doc. 218, at 1.)

Plaintiff largely relies on Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 5.2 in support of her redaction

requests. (See id. at 1–4.) However, Plaintiff also argues that one redaction is warranted because

the “medical information was not related to the legal matters before the Court.” (See id. at 3–4.)

The requests generally concern Plaintiff’s age, her birth date, and “Personal Medical

Information.” (See id. at 1–3.)

Under Rule 5.2(a), the month and day of Plaintiff’s birthday is redactable. However, the

year of her birth is not redactable. Accordingly, Plaintiff’s requests to redact the month and day

of her birth from the transcripts are GRANTED. The Clerk is hereby ORDERED to redact the

day and month of Plaintiff’s birth date at:

1. Doc. 215, Page 122, Lines 11 and 13

2. Doc. 215, Page 186, Line 18

Plaintiff’s other requests for redaction that concern her age and birth year are DENIED.

Next, Plaintiff argues that Rule 5.2 requires the redaction of medical information in the

transcripts. No part of Rule 5.2 addresses medical information. Rule 5.2(e) provides that a court

may redact information not listed in the rule “for good cause,” but Plaintiff has not shown good

cause for these redactions. These requested redactions concern questions and testimony relating

to whether Plaintiff was pregnant in 2020 and 2022. (See Doc. 218, at 2–3; Doc. 215, at 204–

11.) Plaintiff has not presented any arguments as to how leaving this information in the open

record endangers her privacy, and the Court finds that this general information pertaining to a

medical condition is fundamentally different than the types of information explicitly outlined in

Rule 5.2. Rule 5.2 largely concerns personal identifying information that could be used to access

private records or in furtherance of identity theft and fraud. The information Plaintiff seeks to

redact is clearly distinguishable. See Randles v. United States, No. CV 22-0405-KD-MU, 2023

WL 4997647, at *1 (S.D. Ala. Mar. 3, 2023) (denying a motion to redact information pertaining

to personal injuries under Rule 5.2). As such, her requests to redact these portions of the

transcript are DENIED.

Lastly, Plaintiff moves for a redaction of similar medical information because she argues

that it “was not related to the legal matters before the Court.” (See Doc. 218, at 4.) Plaintiff also

claims that she objected to the questioning that led to the introduction of this medical

information. (See id. at 2.) Again, this information relates to Plaintiff’s pregnancy status, and

Plaintiff has provided no valid basis for a redaction. (See id. at 2, 4); cf. Chelsey Nelson

Photography, 2022 WL 1814260 at *7 (“The Rules do not grant parties the power to unilaterally

redact information on the basis of relevance.”).

Further, Plaintiff never objected to this questioning. When opposing counsel began

asking questions about Plaintiff’s pregnancy, she stated, “Your Honor, I would also say that this

is my personal business, and if I don’t make an objection, it would seem a little odd. Okay? But

Mr. -- I -- anyway, we can talk at a break.” (Doc. 215, at 204–05.) The Court then advised

Plaintiff that “there’s no question pending at the moment,” and Plaintiff responded, “[w]ell, I'm

just saying.” (Id. at 205.) Plaintiff later stated, “Your Honor, I think this might be a good time

for a sidebar if you don’t mind.” (Id.) The Court responded, “I don’t think that’s necessary.”

(Id.) As this exchange shows, Plaintiff never objected to a question pertaining to her pregnancy.1

(See id. at 138–209 (showing that Plaintiff did not object to this questioning at any point during

her cross examination). Plaintiff not only failed to object, but also chose to affirmatively testify

1 Additionally, the decision of whether to allow a sidebar conference is within the Court’s

discretion. See Johnson v. Gen. Bd. of Pension & Health Benefits of United Methodist Church,

733 F.3d 722, 734 (7th Cir. 2013) (“The district court’s . . . denial of some of [the plaintiff’s]

requests for sidebar conferences . . . fall well within the district court's discretion to manage the

trial.”); United States v. Laurins, 857 F.2d 529, 538 (9th Cir. 1988) (“It is within the court’s

discretion whether to conduct side-bar discussions.”) (citation omitted).

at length during her re-direct testimony about the same issues. (Id. at 209–12.) Plaintiff’s

request to redact this information is DENIED.

B. Correction

In Plaintiff’s motion to correct the trial transcripts, she argues that the transcripts are

“inaccurate and incomplete.” (Doc. 219, at 4.) She also claims that the transcripts are

“potentially doctored” and “materially incomplete.” (Id.) Plaintiff goes on to provide a list of

the material she believes is missing from the transcript. This includes (1) Plaintiff’s statement

about moving to the podium to put on evidence, (2) Plaintiff’s statements regarding her difficulty

with technical equipment in the courtroom, (3) discussion regarding a mistrial, (4) “[t]he Judge’s

chastising of [Plaintiff],” (5) the “Judge’s demands made by the Court Clerk on the morning of

day two (2) of trial that ‘if [Plaintiff] was not in the witness stand immediately at 8:00 AM that

[Plaintiff’s] case would be dismissed and [Plaintiff] held in contempt,” (6) further evidence “of

the Court’s violations of the Americans with Disabilities Act regarding [Plaintiff’s] disability,”

and (7) some of Plaintiff’s attempted legal arguments. (See id. at 5–6.) Plaintiff emailed the

Court Reporter in charge of the transcripts for her proceedings and requested that the allegedly

missing material be added. (See id. at 8; Doc. 219-1.) She also claims the Court has an interest

in ignoring the purported omissions, “as they would be supportive of [Plaintiff’s] statement of

issues for appellate consideration as to the action of the Court itself.” (Doc. 219, at 8.) Plaintiff

specifically requests that the Court order that she be provided with “corrected and supplemented”

transcripts, and an “electronic copy of the Realtime Unedited Transcripts.” (Id. at 1, 8.) Plaintiff

asserts that the “unedited recordings are available and should match those filed in the Court as

‘minutes’ from each day of trial and the pre-trial conference.” (Id. at 8 n.4.)

The Court will deny Plaintiff’s motion. Plaintiff’s motion is generally unsupported by

any evidence. Plaintiff provides a declaration from her husband in which he avers that he was in

the courtroom during the proceedings, and that Plaintiff’s contentions are correct. (See Doc.

219-2, at 1.) However, most of Plaintiff’s contentions are conclusory, and she offers no evidence

outside of the declaration to support them. (See Doc. 219, at 5–6.) In her email to Court

Reporter Elizabeth Coffey, Plaintiff admits that the material she addresses in her fifth allegation

took place “prior to the start” of the second day of trial.2 (See Doc. 219-1, at 1.) Ms. Coffey has

already explained to Plaintiff that the transcripts were made “while the proceedings were in

session.” (Doc. 219-1, at 3.) Plaintiff has been provided with the official transcripts of the

Court’s proceedings.3 The Court will not order Ms. Coffey to provide her notes nor any other

materials solely because of Plaintiff’s allegations. Further, the Court finds that it is not the

proper tribunal to determine whether these transcripts fail to meet the requirements of 28 U.S.C.

§ 753(b), and whether Plaintiff has suffered prejudice as a result. See Gallo, 763 F.2d at 1531

(“In determining whether hardship or prejudice results from a trial court’s failure to record every

statement made in ‘open court,’ the reviewing court must consider all the circumstances in the

record surrounding the omission.” (emphasis added)); United States v. Ellzey, 874 F.2d 324, 330

(6th Cir. 1989) (explaining that “a reviewing court must consider all circumstances in the record

surrounding the failure to record in order to ascertain whether the failure created hardship or

prejudice.”) (citing Gallo, 763 F.2d at 1531). Her motion to correct these transcripts is

DENIED.

2 Portions of Plaintiff’s seventh allegation also appear to concern “attempted arguments prior to

day two” of trial. (See Doc. 219, at 6 (emphasis added).)

3 Ms. Coffey has certified that these transcripts are accurate. (See Doc. 212, at 182; Doc. 213, at

55; Doc. 214, at 204; Doc. 215, at 301.)

IV. CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, Plaintiff’s motion to redact (Doc. 218) is GRANTED IN

PART and DENIED IN PART. The Clerk is DIRECTED to redact the day and month of

Plaintiff’s birth date at:

1. Doc. 215, Page 122, Lines 11 and 13

2. Doc. 215, Page 186, Line 18

All other relief Plaintiff seeks in her motion to redact (Doc. 218) is DENIED.

Plaintiff’s motion to correct the transcripts in this matter (Doc. 219) is DENIED.

SO ORDERED.

/s/ Travis R. McDonough

TRAVIS R. MCDONOUGH

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE