The opinion
FILED
Feb 10, 2025
11:54 AM(CT)
TENNESSEE COURT OF
WORKERS' COMPENSATION
CLAIMS
TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION CLAIMS
IN THE COURT OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION CLAIMS
AT NASHVILLE
HEATHER ALLEN, )
Employee, ) Docket No. 2023-06-7576
v. )
)
DELIVERIES VIA ISG, LLC, ) State File No. 44213-2023
Employer, )
And )
)
BRIDGEFIELD CASUALTY INS. ) Judge Joshua D. Baker
CO., )
Carrier. )
EXPEDITED HEARING ORDER
The parties appeared for an expedited hearing on January 15, 2025, to argue whether
ISG must authorize surgery recommended by an authorized treating physician. After
considering the evidence and arguments of both parties, the Court grants her request.
Claim History
The circumstances concerning Ms. Allen’s work accident are not in question. She
was in a car accident while working in the course and scope of employment for Deliveries
Via ISG (ISG), who accepted the claim. The only issue is whether ISG must authorize
surgery—a mid-neck decompressive spinal laminectomy and fusion—recommended by
Dr. David Lanford, a neurosurgeon and the authorized treating physician.
ISG denied the surgery, asserting that the need for surgery arose from a preexisting
condition as opposed to neck trauma from the accident. So, the parties deposed Dr. Lanford
and Dr. John Burleson, who examined Ms. Allen at ISG’s request.1
1
Dr. Burleson, an orthopedic spine surgeon, did agree that Dr. Lanford’s surgical plan to address Ms. Allen’s
symptoms was reasonable and medically necessary to correct her symptoms. His agreement does not affect the dispute.
ISG relies on four specific records to support its causation defense of a preexisting
condition:
1. February 24, 2015: Ms. Allen visited a nurse practitioner complaining of shoulder
pain. The notes show she had radiating pain and occasional “numbness/tingling”
when she woke up in the morning. The nurse diagnosed Ms. Allen with tendonitis.
2. February 18, 2017: Ms. Allen had a CT scan that showed “mild degenerative disc
and hypertrophic change in the cervical spine.”
3. November 11, 2020: Ms. Allen fell while unloading boxes at work and went to the
hospital for treatment of left-sided pain from her hip to her thigh. The record also
read, “She has chronic neck pain but denies any worsening of this.”
4. November 29, 2023: Ms. Thomas went to the emergency room for chest pain and
neurologic symptoms. These included heart palpitations and “left arm numbness
and tingling” that “progressed to include numbness and tingling in both her legs and
her right arm.”
With these records cited, the Court turns to the pertinent parts of the doctors’ deposition
testimonies.
Dr. Lanford testified Ms. Allen denied preexisting neck problems and that “based
on her history”, her need for surgery “was . . . more than 50 percent related to this car crash
considering all causes.” When asked if she would have needed surgery absent the car
accident Dr. Lanford said, “[A]ssuming the car crash is when the onset of her symptoms
occurred, then…the car crash is the reason she’s having surgery[.]”
Dr. Lanford denied that any of the records cited by ISG’s counsel changed his
causation opinion. He agreed that Ms. Allen, like many her age, had some degenerative
spinal problems before the accident. Dr. Lanford agreed the accident was “a straw that
broke the camel’s back”, as it caused the need for surgery. He explained that he sees many
essentially normal patients with “asymptomatic” spinal conditions but would never operate
on them as a preventative measure because they are at low risk of ever needing it absent
“something profound happening[.]”
In his deposition, Dr. Burleson said that Ms. Allen’s condition arose mainly from
progression of her degenerative spine condition, not the car accident:
I think the car accident likely played some role in the specific timing, but I
think that, in this situation, it's the chronic pathology that she has of a
degenerative condition that almost certainly leads to surgery in someone who
has this at 30 years old at some point during their life. So I think greater than
50 percent is from the degeneration. But the numbers that I assigned was 75
to 80 percent responsibility for the chronic condition and 20 to 25 percent for
the car accident.
Dr. Burleson went on to explain that the car accident was the “heavy-handed straw that
broke the camel’s back” and that she would have need[ed] the surgery at some point
because she had a “very bad neck.”
Dr. Burleson somewhat agreed with Ms. Allen’s position that the car accident
necessitated surgery. He agreed it was “fair” to say that the car accident caused her
asymptomatic neck condition to become symptomatic. He also agreed that despite Ms.
Allen’s degenerative condition, he would not have operated on her as a preventative
measure unless the accident had occurred. Finally, when asked about the records ISG relied
on to support its causation argument, he said that it was “reasonable” to conclude her
symptoms were caused by preexisting spinal stenosis based on the 2015 record and the
2017 CT scan if “we had no other cause.” However, Dr. Burleson would not say that the
numbness and tingling at those times did not result from another cause, such as carpal
tunnel.
ISG also presented reports containing causation opinions from two other physicians,
Dr. Kimberly Terry and Dr. Luc Jasmin. Both doctors said that Ms. Allen’s need for
surgery did not arise from her car accident but from her preexisting degenerative spinal
condition. Both described her condition as part of the normal aging process or diseases of
life.
Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law
To prevail at this expedited hearing, Ms. Allen must show she would likely succeed
at a final hearing in proving entitlement to the recommended surgery. Tenn. Code Ann. §
50-6-239(d)(1) (2024); McCord v. Advantage Human Resourcing, 2015 TN Wrk. Comp.
App. Bd. LEXIS 6, at *9 (Mar. 27, 2015).
Here, all the experts agree that Ms. Allen had a preexisting degenerative neck
condition. The threshold issue is whether the car accident or the degenerative condition
necessitated the surgery Dr. Lanford recommended.
Under the Workers’ Compensation Law, an employer “shall furnish, free of charge
to the employee, such medical and surgical treatment . . . made reasonably necessary by
accident as defined in this chapter.” Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-204(a)(1)(A). The Court holds
that the car accident caused the need for surgery and orders ISG to provide it.
The Court’s decision relies on law giving the opinion of the doctor “selected by the
employee from the employer’s designated panel of physicians pursuant to § 50-6-
204(a)(3)” a rebuttable presumption of correctness. Gilbert v. United Parcel Serv., Inc.,
2019 TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 20, at *13 (June 7, 2019). So, Dr. Lanford’s opinion
is presumed correct.
With that presumption, the Court must weigh the opinions of the other doctors to
see if they overcome Dr. Lanford’s by considering, among other things, “the qualifications
of the experts, the circumstances of their examination, the information available to them,
and the evaluation of the importance of that information through other experts.” Brees v.
Escape Day Spa & Salon, 2015 TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 5, at *14 (Mar. 12, 2015).
Here, the experts were all well-qualified, but only Drs. Lanford and Burleson
physically examined Ms. Allen. All the experts relied on the same imaging studies and
records, even though Dr. Lanford did not see some of them until his deposition. In
examining Ms. Allen, neither doctor noted any significant difference in their results. Both
agreed she needed the surgery, but as noted above, the reason she needs it is the
determinative issue.
On this issue, the Court finds that the two doctors’ differing opinions are just that—
differing opinions. Further, none of the records cited by ISG swayed Dr. Lanford’s opinion
that Ms. Allen needs surgery because of the car wreck. So, despite the agreement of two
other doctors with the same opinion as Dr. Burleson, the Court holds that ISG failed to
rebut the presumption of correctness given Dr. Lanford’s opinion on causation. Further
because the surgical recommendation from him is presumed reasonable and medically
necessary, the Court orders ISG to authorize surgery.
It is ORDERED as follows:
1. ISG shall immediately authorize the surgery recommended by Dr. Lanford.
2. This case is set for a status conference on Monday, July 14, 2025, at 1:30 p.m.
(CDT). The parties must call 615-741-2113 to participate.
3. Unless an interlocutory appeal of the expedited hearing order is filed, compliance
with this order must occur no later than seven business days from the date of entry
of this order as required by Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-239(d)(3). The
employer must submit confirmation of compliance with this order to the Bureau by
email to WCCompliance.Program@tn.gov no later than the seventh business day
after entry of this order. Failure to submit confirmation within seven business days
may result in a penalty assessment for noncompliance. For questions regarding
compliance, contact the Workers’ Compensation Compliance Unit via email at
WCCompliance.Program@tn.gov.
IT IS ORDERED.
ENTERED ON FEBRUARY 10, 2025.
______________________________
JOSHUA DAVIS BAKER, JUDGE
Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims
APPENDIX
1. Affidavit of Heather Allen
2. Medical Records
3. First Report of Injury
4. Deposition transcript of Dr. Greg Lanford
5. Deposition transcript of Dr. John Burleson
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I certify that a copy of this order was sent as indicated on February 10, 2025.
Name Certified Fax Email Service sent to:
Brian Dunigan, X brian@poncelaw.com
Employee’s Attorney
Ben Norris, X bnorris@eraclides.com
Allen Grant, agrant@eraclides.com
Employer’s Attorneys
______________________________________
PENNY SHRUM, COURT CLERK
wc.courtclerk@tn.gov
Right to Appeal:
If you disagree with the Court’s Order, you may appeal to the Workers’ Compensation
Appeals Board. To do so, you must:
1. Complete the enclosed form entitled “Notice of Appeal” and file it with the Clerk of the
Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims before the expiration of the deadline.
¾ If the order being appealed is “expedited” (also called “interlocutory”), or if the
order does not dispose of the case in its entirety, the notice of appeal must be filed
within seven (7) business days of the date the order was filed.
¾ If the order being appealed is a “Compensation Order,” or if it resolves all issues
in the case, the notice of appeal must be filed within thirty (30) calendar days of
the date the Compensation Order was filed.
When filing the Notice of Appeal, you must serve a copy on the opposing party (or attorney,
if represented).
2. You must pay, via check, money order, or credit card, a $75.00 filing fee within ten calendar
days after filing the Notice of Appeal. Payments can be made in-person at any Bureau office
or by U.S. mail, hand-delivery, or other delivery service. In the alternative, you may file an
Affidavit of Indigency (form available on the Bureau’s website or any Bureau office)
seeking a waiver of the filing fee. You must file the fully-completed Affidavit of Indigency
within ten calendar days of filing the Notice of Appeal. Failure to timely pay the filing
fee or file the Affidavit of Indigency will result in dismissal of your appeal.
3. You are responsible for ensuring a complete record is presented on appeal. If no court
reporter was present at the hearing, you may request from the Court Clerk the audio
recording of the hearing for a $25.00 fee. If you choose to submit a transcript as part of your
appeal, which the Appeals Board has emphasized is important for a meaningful review of
the case, a licensed court reporter must prepare the transcript, and you must file it with the
Court Clerk. The Court Clerk will prepare the record for submission to the Appeals Board,
and you will receive notice once it has been submitted. For deadlines related to the filing of
transcripts, statements of the evidence, and briefs on appeal, see the applicable rules on the
Bureau’s website at https://www.tn.gov/wcappealsboard. (Click the “Read Rules” button.)
4. After the Workers’ Compensation Judge approves the record and the Court Clerk transmits
it to the Appeals Board, a docketing notice will be sent to the parties.
If neither party timely files an appeal with the Appeals Board, the Court Order
becomes enforceable. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-239(d)(3) (expedited/interlocutory
orders) and Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-239(c)(7) (compensation orders).
For self-represented litigants: Help from an Ombudsman is available at 800-332-2667.
NOTICE OF APPEAL
Tennessee Bureau of Workers’ Compensation
www.tn.gov/workforce/injuries-at-work/
wc.courtclerk@tn.gov | 1-800-332-2667
Docket No.: ________________________
State File No.: ______________________
Date of Injury: _____________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Employee
v.
___________________________________________________________________________
Employer
Notice is given that ____________________________________________________________________
[List name(s) of all appealing party(ies). Use separate sheet if necessary.]
appeals the following order(s) of the Tennessee Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims to the
Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board;ĐŚĞĐŬŽŶĞŽƌŵŽƌĞĂƉƉůŝĐĂďůĞďŽdžĞƐĂŶĚŝŶĐůƵĚĞƚŚĞĚĂƚĞĨŝůĞͲ
ƐƚĂŵƉĞĚŽŶƚŚĞĨŝƌƐƚƉĂŐĞŽĨƚŚĞŽƌĚĞƌ;ƐͿďĞŝŶŐĂƉƉĞĂůĞĚͿ͗
□ Expedited Hearing Order filed on _______________ □ Motion Order filed on ___________________
□ Compensation Order filed on__________________ □ Other Order filed on_____________________
issued by Judge _________________________________________________________________________.
Statement of the Issues on Appeal
Provide a short and plain statement of the issues on appeal or basis for relief on appeal:
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Parties
Appellant(s) (Requesting Party): _________________________________________ ܆Employer ܆Employee
Address: ________________________________________________________ Phone: ___________________
Email: __________________________________________________________
Attorney’s Name: ______________________________________________ BPR#: _______________________
Attorney’s Email: ______________________________________________ Phone: _______________________
Attorney’s Address: _________________________________________________________________________
* Attach an additional sheet for each additional Appellant *
LB-1099 rev. 01/20 Page 1 of 2 RDA 11082
Employee Name: _______________________________________ Docket No.: _____________________ Date of Inj.: _______________
Appellee(s) (Opposing Party): ___________________________________________ ܆Employer ܆Employee
Appellee’s Address: ______________________________________________ Phone: ____________________
Email: _________________________________________________________
Attorney’s Name: _____________________________________________ BPR#: ________________________
Attorney’s Email: _____________________________________________ Phone: _______________________
Attorney’s Address: _________________________________________________________________________
* Attach an additional sheet for each additional Appellee *
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I, _____________________________________________________________, certify that I have forwarded a
true and exact copy of this Notice of Appeal by First Class mail, postage prepaid, or in any manner as described
in Tennessee Compilation Rules & Regulations, Chapter 0800-02-21, to all parties and/or their attorneys in this
case on this the __________ day of ___________________________________, 20 ____.
______________________________________________
[Signature of appellant or attorney for appellant]
LB-1099 rev. 01/20 Page 2 of 2 RDA 11082