The opinion
Supreme Court of Florida
____________
No. SC2023-1537
____________
IN RE: AMENDMENTS TO THE FLORIDA RULES FOR
CERTIFIED AND COURT-APPOINTED MEDIATORS.
September 12, 2024
PER CURIAM.
The Supreme Court Committee on Alternative Dispute
Resolution Rules and Policy has filed a petition proposing
amendments to the Florida Rules for Certified and Court-Appointed
Mediators. The amendments were unanimously approved by the
Committee. We previously published the amendments for comment
in The Florida Bar News and received two comments. The
Committee filed a response to the comments and revised its
proposal in consideration of the commenters’ concerns. Having
considered the Committee’s petition, the comments received, and
the Committee’s response, we hereby amend the Florida Rules for
Certified and Court-Appointed Mediators as proposed by the
Committee in light of its revised proposal. 1 The most significant
changes are addressed below.
First, for rule 10.100 (Certification Requirements), the text of
subdivision (a) (General) is split into two subdivisions, and the
remaining subdivisions are relettered accordingly. Language is
added to relettered subdivision (c) (County Court Mediators) to
explain the process for certified circuit court, family, or dependency
mediators to become certified county court mediators. Relettered
subdivisions (d) (Family Mediators), (e) (Circuit Court Mediators),
and (f) (Dependency Mediators) are amended to explain the process
for applicants to obtain the required 25 points in education, and
relettered subdivisions (d) and (e) are further amended to raise the
number of points that must be obtained through mentorship—
increasing from 30 to 40. Finally, relettered subdivision (i) (Referral
for Discipline) is amended to provide categories of discipline relating
to other certifications.
1. We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 2(a), Fla. Const.;
§ 44.106, Fla. Stat. (2023).
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For rule 10.105 (Point System Categories), subdivision (b)
(Mediation Experience) is amended to clarify the parameters for
points that must be obtained through experience, and subdivision
(c) (Mentorship) is amended to provide that applicants must be
mentored by at least two different certified mediators. In addition,
the number of points that must be obtained through observation is
increased from 5 to 10, and the number of points that must be
obtained through supervised mediation is increased from 10 to 15.
Next, subdivision (a) (General Requirement) of rule 10.110
(Good Moral Character) is amended to replace specific language
referring to other rules in the ruleset with a general reference, and
the word “notarized” in subdivision (d) (Decertification) is changed
to “sworn.”
Rule 10.310 (Self-Determination) is amended to replace the
word “improperly” with “unduly” in subdivision (b) (Coercion
Prohibited). Thus, the amended subdivision will prohibit a mediator
from “unduly” influencing a party to make a decision or unwillingly
participate in mediation.
For rule 10.330 (Impartiality), subdivision (a) (Generally) is
amended to provide that impartiality is required even for common
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mediation techniques, and subdivision (b) (Withdrawal for Partiality)
is amended to require inquiries on circumstances that could
compromise a mediator’s impartiality.
Next, rule 10.340 (Conflicts of Interest) is amended by adding
a provision to subdivision (b) (Burden of Disclosure) that requires
potential conflicts of interest to be disclosed in a way that lets
parties exercise their self-determination rights. A new subdivision
(d) (Conflict of Interest) is added to explain circumstances that
constitute clear conflicts of interest, and language clarifying
restrictions is added to relettered subdivision (e) (Conflict During
Mediation). A new subdivision (g) (Social Networking) is added to
explain how social media and social networks can impact conflict-
of-interest determinations. Finally, a new Committee Note is added
to explain the changes to rule 10.340.
Next, rule 10.360 (Confidentiality) is amended to describe in
greater detail the guidelines of confidentiality in mediation.
Language is added to rule 10.380 (Fees and Expenses) stating
that a written explanation of fees and costs must include “potential”
fees and costs.
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In rule 10.420 (Conduct of Mediation), a Committee Note is
added to clarify how a mediator’s single opening statement must be
delivered, and subdivision (b) (Adjournment or Termination) is
amended to clarify how a mediator is required to adjourn or
terminate mediation. Notably, in the proposal we published for
comment, subdivision (b)(7) included the phrase “clear conflict of
interest,” but the Committee revised its proposal to delete the word
“clear” in consideration of the comments received by the Court. The
amendment that we adopt omits the word “clear” from the language
of subdivision (b)(7).
The title of rule 10.660 (Relationships with Other Mediators) is
changed to “Relationships of Other Mediators.”
Accordingly, the Florida Rules for Certified and Court-
Appointed Mediators are hereby amended as reflected in the
appendix to this opinion. New language is indicated by
underscoring and deletions are indicated by struck-through type.
The amendments become effective January 1, 2025, at 12:01 a.m.
It is so ordered.
MUÑIZ, C.J., and CANADY, LABARGA, COURIEL, GROSSHANS,
FRANCIS, and SASSO, JJ., concur.
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THE FILING OF A MOTION FOR REHEARING SHALL NOT ALTER
THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THESE AMENDMENTS.
Original Proceeding – Supreme Court Committee on Alternative
Dispute Resolution Rules and Policy
Hon. Michael S. Orfinger, Chair, Committee on Alternative Dispute
Resolution Rules and Policy, DeLand, Florida, and Thomas A.
David, Chief, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Office of the State
Courts Administrator, Tallahassee, Florida,
for Petitioner
Christy Foley, Chair, Alternative Dispute Resolution Section of The
Florida Bar, Sanford, Florida, and Shari Elessar of Back on Track
Mediation, Royal Palm Beach, Florida; and Meah Rothman Tell,
Tamarac, Florida,
Responding with comments
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APPENDIX
RULE 10.100. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
(a) General. For certification as a county court, family, circuit
court, dependency, or appellate mediator, a mediator must be at
least 21 years of age and be of good moral character.
(b) Points. For certification as a county court, family, circuit court,
or dependency mediator, onean applicant must have the required
number of points for the type of certification sought as specifically
required in rule 10.105, except that certified family, dependency, or
circuit court mediators seeking county court certification may
qualify as provided in subdivisions (c)(2)-(3), below.
(bc) County Court Mediators. For initial certification as a
mediator of county court matters, an applicant must:
(1) hHave at least a high school diploma or a General
Equivalency Diploma (GED) and 100 points, which shallmust
include:
(1A) 30 points for successful completion of a Florida
Supreme Court certified county court mediation training program;
(2B) 10 points for education; and
(3C) 60 points for mentorship.;
or
(2) Be a currently certified Florida Supreme Court circuit court
mediator;
or
(3) Be a currently certified Florida Supreme Court family or
dependency mediator and obtain 30 points of mentorship from
observing or conducting mediations under the supervision of a
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certified county mediator for county court cases in the two years
preceding application.
(cd) Family Mediators. For initial certification as a mediator of
family and dissolution of marriage issues, an applicant must have
at least a bachelor’s degree and 100 points, which shallmust
include, at a minimum:
(1) [No Change]
(2) 25 points for education/, or 20 points for education and 5
points for mediation experience, or 20 points for education and 5
points for a graduate certificate in conflict resolution; and
(3) 3040 points for mentorship.
Additional points above the minimum requirements may be
awarded for completion of additional education/, mediation
experience, mentorship, andor miscellaneous activities.
(de) Circuit Court Mediators. For initial certification as a mediator
of circuit court matters, other than family matters, an applicant
must have at least a bachelor’s degree and 100 points, which
shallmust include, at a minimum:
(1) 30 points for successful completion of a Florida Supreme
Court certified circuit court mediation training program;
(2) 25 points for education/, or 20 points for education and 5
points for mediation experience, or 20 points for education and 5
points for a graduate certificate in conflict resolution; and
(3) 3040 points for mentorship.
Additional points above the minimum requirements may be
awarded for completion of additional education/, mediation
experience, mentorship, andor miscellaneous activities.
(ef) Dependency Mediators. For initial certification as a mediator
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of dependency matters, as defined in Florida Rule of Juvenile
Procedure 8.290, an applicant must have at least a bachelor’s
degree and 100 points, which shallmust include, at a minimum:
(1) [No Change]
(2) 25 points for education/, or 20 points for education and 5
points for mediation experience, or 20 points for education and 5
points for a graduate certificate in conflict resolution; and
(3) 40 points for mentorship.
Additional points above the minimum requirements may be
awarded for completion of additional education/, mediation
experience, mentorship, andor miscellaneous activities.
(fg) Appellate Mediators. For initial certification as a mediator of
appellate matters, an applicant must be a Florida Supreme Court
certified circuit court, family, or dependency mediator and
successfully complete a Florida Supreme Court certified appellate
mediation training program.
(gh) Senior Judges Serving as Mediators. A senior judge may
serve as a mediator in a court-ordered mediation in a circuit in
which the senior judge is presiding over criminal cases or in a
circuit in which the senior judge is not presiding as a judge, or in
both, only if certified by the Florida Supreme Court as a mediator
for that type of mediation.
(hi) Referral for Discipline. If theother professional certification or
licensure necessaryof a mediator for any person to be certified as a
family or circuit mediator is suspended or revoked, or if the
mediator holding such certification or licensure is in any other
manner disciplined, such matter shallmust be referred to the
Mediator Qualifications Board for appropriate action pursuant to
rule 10.8010.
(ij) Special Conditions. Mediators who are certified prior to August
1, 2006, shallare not be subject to the point requirements for any
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category of certification in relation to which continuing certification
is maintained.
RULE 10.105. POINT SYSTEM CATEGORIES
(a) Education. Points shallwill be awarded in accordance with the
following schedule (points are only awarded for the highest level of
education completed and honorary degrees are not included):
High School Diploma/ or GED 10 points
Associate’s Degree 15 points
Bachelor’s Degree 20 points
Master’s Degree 25 points
Master’s Degree in Conflict Resolution 30 points
Doctorate (e.g., Ph.D., J.D., M.D., Ed.D., LL.M) 30 points
Ph.D. from Accredited Conflict Resolution Program 40 points
An additional five points will be awarded for completion of a
graduate level conflict resolution certificate program in an
institution which has been accredited by Middle States Association
of Colleges and Schools, the New England Association of Schools
and Colleges, the North Central Association of Colleges and
Schools, the Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges, the
Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, the Western
Association of Schools and Colleges, the American Bar Association,
or an entity of equal status.
(b) Mediation Experience. One point per year will be awarded to a
Florida Supreme Court certified mediator for each year that
mediator has mediated at least 15 cases of any type over a
consecutive five-year period. In the alternative, a maximum of five
points will be awarded to any mediator, regardless of Florida
Supreme Court certification, who has conducted a minimum of 100
mediations over a consecutive five-year period.
(c) Mentorship. TenFifteen points will be awarded for each
supervised mediation completed of the type for which certification is
sought and fiveten points will be awarded for each mediation
session of the type for which certification is sought which is
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observed. Observations or supervised mediations must be
completed with a minimum of two different mentors.
(d) Miscellaneous Points.
(1) Five points shallwill be awarded to applicants currently
licensed or certified in any United States jurisdiction in psychology,
accounting, social work, mental health, health care, education, or
the practice of law or mediation. Such award shallmust not exceed
a total of five points regardless of the number of licenses or
certifications obtained.
(2) Five points shallwill be awarded for possessing
conversational ability in a foreign language as demonstrated by
certification by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign
Languages (ACTFL) Oral Proficiency Test, qualification as a court
interpreter, accreditation by the American Translators Association,
or approval as a sign language interpreter by the Registry of
Interpreters for the Deaf. Such award shallmust not exceed a total
of five points regardless of the number of languages in which the
applicant is proficient.
(3) Five points shallwill be awarded for the successful
completion of a mediation training program (minimum 30 hours in
length) which is certified or approved by a jurisdiction other than
Florida and which may not be the required Florida Supreme Court
certified mediation training program. Such award shallmust not
exceed five points regardless of the number of training programs
completed.
(4) Five points shallwill be awarded for certification as a
mediator by the Florida Supreme Court. Such award shallwill not
exceed five points per category regardless of the number of training
programs completed or certifications obtained.
Committee Notes
2023 Revision. The following table is intended to illustrate the
point system established in this rule. Any discrepancy between the
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table and the written certification requirements shallwill be resolved
in favor of the latter.
Points Needed Per Area
Minimum Points Required in Each Area
of Certification
30 certified county mediation training; 10
County 100 education (minimum HS Diploma/GED); 60
mentorship
30 certified family mediation training; 25
education/mediation experience (minimum
Family 100
Bachelor’s Degree); 30 mentorship [and requires
15 additional points]
30 certified dependency mediation training; 25
education/mediation experience (minimum
Dependency 100
Bachelor’s Degree); 40 mentorship [and requires 5
additional points]
30 certified circuit mediation training, 25
education/mediation experience (minimum
Circuit 100 Bachelor’s Degree); 30 mentorship; [and requires
15 additional points]
Education/Mediation Experience (points awarded for highest level of
education received)
HS Diploma/GED 10 Master’s Degree in Conflict 30
points Resolution
Associate’s Degree 15 Doctorate (e.g., JD, MD, PhD, 30
points EdD, LLM)
Bachelor’s Degree 20 Ph.D. from accredited CR 40
points Program
Master’s Degree 25 Graduate Certificate CR +5
points Program
Florida certified mediator: 1 point per year in which mediated at least 15
mediations (any type) OR any mediator: – 5 points for minimum of 100
mediations (any type) over a 5 year period
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Mentorship - must work with at least 2 different certified mediators and
must be completed for the type of certification sought
Observation 5 points each session
Supervised Mediation 10 points each complete mediation
Miscellaneous Points
Licensed to practice law, psychology, accounting, social
work, mental health, health care, education or mediation 5 points (total)
in any US jurisdiction
Florida Certified Mediator 5 points (total)
Foreign Language Conversational Ability as demonstrated
by certification by ACTFL Oral Proficiency Test; qualified as
a court interpreter; or accredited by the American
5 points (total)
Translators Association; Sign Language Interpreter as
demonstrated by approval by the Registry of Interpreters
for the Deaf
Completion of additional mediation training program
(minimum 30 hours in length) certified/approved by a state 5 points (total)
or court other than Florida
100 Points Required in Each Area of Mediator Certification Area
Except for Appellate and Certified Family, Dependency, or Circuit
Court Mediators Seeking County Certification
County Minimum Points:
(1) 30 certified county mediation training; and
(2) 10 education for HS Diploma or GED; and
(3) 60 mentorship. [Note: Mentorship points cannot
be reduced as a product of having more than the
10 points in the educational or educational and
mediation experience component.]
= 100 points
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Family Minimum Points:
(1) 30 certified family mediation training; and
(2) 25 educational, or 20 educational and 5 for
mediation experience, or 20 educational and 5
for a graduate certificate in conflict resolution;
and
(3) 40 mentorship; and
(4) 5 additional points via mentorship, higher
education, mediation experience, or options
under miscellaneous points.
= 100 points
Dependency Minimum Points:
(1) 30 certified dependency mediation training;
and
(2) 25 educational, or 20 educational and 5 for
mediation experience, or 20 educational and 5
for a graduate certificate in conflict resolution;
and
(3) 40 mentorship; and
(4) 5 additional points via mentorship, higher
education, mediation experience, or options
under miscellaneous points.
= 100 points
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Circuit Minimum Points:
Court (1) 30 certified circuit court mediation training;
and
(2) 25 educational, or 20 educational and 5 for
mediation experience, or 20 educational and 5
for a graduate certificate in conflict resolution;
and
(3) 40 mentorship; and
(4) 5 additional points via mentorship, higher
education, mediation experience, or options
under miscellaneous points.
= 100 points
Appellate An applicant must be a Florida Supreme Court
certified circuit court, family, or dependency
mediator and successfully complete a certified
appellate mediation training program.
Educational & Mediation Experience Points for Family,
Circuit Court, and Dependency
[Note: County Education Minimum Listed on Previous Page]
40 points Ph.D. from accredited conflict resolution program
30 points Doctorate (e.g., JD, MD, PhD, EdD, LLM)
30 points Master’s degree in conflict resolution
25 points Master’s degree
25 points Graduate certificate conflict resolution program and
a bachelor’s degree
25 points Mediated 15 cases (of any type) a year as a Florida
Supreme Court certified mediator for a consecutive
five-year period and a bachelor’s degree
25 points Minimum of 100 mediations (of any type) conducted
as mediator over a consecutive five-year period and
a bachelor’s degree
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+ 5 points An additional five points will be awarded for
completion of a graduate level conflict resolution
certificate program
Florida Supreme Court certified mediator: one point per year in
which mediated at least 15 mediations over a five-year period (any
type); or any mediator: five points for minimum of 100 mediations
over a five-year period (any type)
Mentorship Options: You Choose How to Reach Required Points
[Note: You must work with at least two different certified
mediators.]
10 points each session Observation
15 points each complete Supervised mediation
mediation
Miscellaneous Options: Helping You Reach 100 Points
5 points Licensed to practice law, psychology, accounting,
(total) social work, mental health, health care, education,
or mediation in any U.S. jurisdiction
5 points Florida Supreme Court certified mediator (currently
(total) certified)
5 points Foreign language conversational ability as
(total) demonstrated by certification by ACTFL Oral
Proficiency Test; qualified as a court interpreter; or
accredited by the American Translators Association;
sign language interpreter as demonstrated by
approval by the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf
5 points Completion of additional mediation training program
(total) (minimum 30 hours in length) certified or approved
by a state or court other than Florida
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RULE 10.110. GOOD MORAL CHARACTER
(a) General Requirement. No person shallmay be certified by this
Ccourt as a mediator unless such person first produces satisfactory
evidence of good moral character as required by rule 10.100these
rules.
(b) Purpose. The primary purpose of the requirement of good moral
character is to ensure protection of the participants in mediation
and the public, as well as to safeguard the justice system. A
mediator shallmust have, as a prerequisite to certification and as a
requirement for continuing certification, the good moral character
sufficient to meet all of the Mediator Standards of Professional
Conduct set out in these rules 10.200-10.690.
(c) Certification. The following shall apply in relation to
determining the good moral character required for initial and
continuing mediator certification:
(1) [No Change]
(2) An applicant for initial certification who has been
convicted of a felony shallis not be eligible for certification
until such person has received a restoration of civil rights.
(3) An applicant for initial certification who is serving
a sentence of felony probation shallis not be eligible for
certification until termination of the period of probation.
(4) In assessing whether the applicant’s or mediator’s
conduct demonstrates a present lack of good moral
character the following factors shall beare relevant:
(A) – (K) [No Change]
(d) Decertification. A certified mediator shall beis subject to
decertification for any knowing and willful incorrect material
information contained in any mediator application. There is a
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presumption of knowing and willful violation if the application is
completed, signed, and notarizedsworn.
RULE 10.120. NOTICE OF CHANGE OF ADDRESS OR NAME.
(a) Address Change. Whenever any certified mediator changes
residence or mailing address, that person must within 30 days
thereafter notify the centerDispute Resolution Center of such
change.
(b) Name Change. Whenever any certified mediator changes legal
name, that person must within 30 days thereafter notify the
centerDispute Resolution Center of such change.
RULE 10.130. NOTIFICATION OF CONVICTION
(a) Definition. “Conviction” means a determination of guilt which is
the result of a trial, or entry of a plea of guilty or no contest,
regardless of whether adjudication of guilt or imposition of sentence
was suspended, deferred, or withheld, and applies in relation to any
of the following:
(1) aAny felony, any misdemeanor of the first degree, or any
misdemeanor of the second degree involving dishonesty or
false statement;.
(2) aAny conviction of a similar offense described in
subdivision (1) that includes a conviction by a federal, military,
or tribal tribunal, including courts-martial conducted by the
Armed Forces of the United States;.
(3) aAny conviction of a similar offense described in
subdivision (1) that includes a conviction or entry of a plea of
guilty or no contest resulting in a sanction in any jurisdiction
of the United States or any foreign jurisdiction. A sanction
includes, but is not limited to, a fine, incarceration in a state
prison, federal prison, private correctional facility, or local
detention facility; or.
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(4) aAny conviction of a similar offense described in
subdivision (1) of a municipal or county ordinance in this or
any other state.
(b) Report of Conviction. A conviction shallmust be reported in
writing to the centerDispute Resolution Center within 30 days of
such conviction. A report of conviction shallmust include a copy of
the order or orders pursuant to which the conviction was entered.
(c) Suspension. Upon receipt of a report of felony conviction, the
centerDispute Resolution Center shallmust immediately suspend all
certifications and refer the matter to the qQualifications complaint
Inquiry cCommittee.
(d) Referral. Upon receipt of a report of misdemeanor conviction,
the centerDispute Resolution Center shallmust refer the matter to
the qQualifications complaintInquiry cCommittee for appropriate
action. If the centerDispute Resolution Center becomes aware of a
conviction prior to the required notification, it shallmust refer the
matter to the qQualifications complaintInquiry cCommittee for
appropriate action.
RULE 10.140. OPERATING PROCEDURES AND AUTHORITY
The Committee on Alternative Dispute Resolution Rules and Policy
shall havehas authority to promulgate, adopt, and amend operating
procedures regarding:
(a) – (d) [No Change]
RULE 10.200. SCOPE AND PURPOSE
These Rrules provide ethical standards of conduct for certified and
court‐appointed mediators. Court-appointed mediators are
mediators selected by the parties or appointed by the court as the
mediator in court-ordered mediations. These Rrules are intended to
both guide mediators in the performance of their services and instill
public confidence in the mediation process. The public’s use,
understanding, and satisfaction with mediation can only be
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achieved if mediators embrace the highest ethical principles.
Whether the parties involved in a mediation choose to resolve their
dispute is secondary in importance to whether the mediator
conducts the mediation in accordance with these ethical standards.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.310. SELF-DETERMINATION
(a) Decision-making. Decisions made during a mediation are to be
made by the parties. A mediator shall not make substantive
decisions for any party. A mediator is responsible for assisting the
parties in reaching informed and voluntary decisions while
protecting their right of self-determination. A mediator must not
make substantive decisions for any party.
(b) Coercion Prohibited. A mediator shallmust not coerce or
improperlyunduly influence any party to make a decision or
unwillingly participate in a mediation.
(c) Misrepresentation Prohibited. A mediator shallmust not
intentionally or knowingly misrepresent any material fact or
circumstance in the course ofwhile conducting a mediation.
(d) Postponement or Cancellation. If, for any reason, a party is
unable to freely exercise self-determination, a mediator shallmust
cancel or postpone a mediation.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.320. NONPARTICIPATING PERSONS
A mediator shallmust promote awareness by the parties of the
interests of persons affected by actual or potential agreements who
are not represented at mediation.
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Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.330. IMPARTIALITY
(a) Generally. A mediator shallmust maintain impartiality
throughout the mediation process. Impartiality means freedom from
favoritism or bias in word, action, or appearance, and includes a
commitment to assist all parties, as opposed to any one individual.
A mediator must maintain impartiality even while raising questions
regarding the reality, fairness, equity, durability, and feasibility of
proposed options for settlement.
(b) Withdrawal for Partiality. As soon as practicable, a mediator
must make reasonable inquiry into the identities of the parties and
into other circumstances that could compromise the mediator’s
impartiality. A mediator shallmust withdraw from mediation if the
mediator is no longer impartial.
(c) Gifts and Solicitation. A mediator shallmust neither give nor
accept a gift, favor, loan, or other item of value in any mediation
process. During the mediation process, a mediator shallmust not
solicit or otherwise attempt to procure future professional services.
Committee Notes
2024 Revision. The last sentence of the first paragraph of the 2000
Revision Committee Note is of such importance that it was elevated
from inclusion in a Committee Note to inclusion in Rule 10.330(b).
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.340. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
(a) Generally. A mediator shallmust not mediate a matter that
presents a clear or undisclosed conflict of interest. A conflict of
interest arises when any relationship between the mediator and the
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mediation participants or the subject matter of the dispute
compromises or appears to compromise the mediator’s impartiality.
(b) Burden of Disclosure. The burden of disclosure of any potential
conflict of interest rests on the mediator. Disclosure shallmust be
made as soon as practicalpracticable after the mediator becomes
aware of the interest or relationship giving rise to the potential
conflict of interest and in a manner that allows the parties to
exercise their right of self-determination freely as to both selection
of the mediator and participation in the mediation process.
(c) Effect of Disclosure. After appropriate disclosure, the mediator
may serve if all parties agree. However, if a conflict of interest
clearly impairs a mediator’s impartiality, the mediator shallmust
withdraw regardless of theany express agreement of the parties.
(d) Conflict of Interest. A clear conflict of interest is limited to the
following circumstances:
(1) the mediator (or the mediator’s spouse or domestic partner)
is related by blood, adoption, or marriage to a person within
the third degree of relationship to one of the mediation
participants or a participant’s spouse or domestic partner;
(2) the mediator previously provided services (other than
mediation services) for, or represented one or more of the
mediation participants in, the current case or dispute at issue
in the mediation; or
(3) the mediator is currently providing services (other than
mediation services) or representing one or more of the
mediation participants.
(e) Conflict During Mediation.
(1) A mediator shallmust not create a conflict of interest
during the mediation. During a mediation, a mediator shall not
provide any services that are not directly related to the mediation
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process.
(2) When a mediator decides to make a report permitted or
required under applicable law, the mediator must withdraw from
the case, if making the report creates a conflict of interest subject to
the provisions of subdivision (c) or (d).
(3) A mediator must not provide any services that are not
directly related to the mediation process. A mediator is accordingly
prohibited from providing services such as accounting, psychiatric,
legal or paralegal services, psychological or social counseling,
therapy, or business consultations of any sort during the mediation
process.
(4) A mediator may notarize, if properly commissioned, or
witness signatures on a mediation agreement and documents
associated with the agreement, provided the mediator does not
charge a separate fee for notarizing or witnessing such signatures.
(e)(f) Senior and Retired Judges. If a mediator who is a senior
judge or retired judge not eligible for assignment to temporary
judicial duty has presided over a case involving any party, attorney,
or law firm in the mediation, the mediator shallmust disclose such
fact prior to mediation. A mediator shallmust not serve as a
mediator in any case in a circuit in which the mediator is currently
presiding over civil cases as a senior judge. Absent express consent
of the parties, a mediator shallmust not serve as a senior judge over
any case involving any party, attorney, or law firm that is utilizing
or has utilized the judge as a mediator within the previous three
years. A senior judge who provides mediation services may preside
over criminal cases in circuits in which the judge provides
mediation services. A senior judge who provides mediation services
may also preside over civil and criminal cases in circuits in which
the judge does not provide mediation services.
(g) Social Networking. Mediators may create connections with
mediation participants or their counsel on a social networking site
(e.g., “friends” on Facebook, “followers” on X, formerly known as
Twitter). However, mediators who do so must recognize that such
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designations may create the appearance of a conflict and may only
mediate disputes involving such mediation participants or their
counsel consistent with subdivisions (a) and (b) above.
Committee Notes
2024 Revision. Subdivision (e)(2) addresses those situations where
a mediator’s decision to report creates a clear conflict of interest. A
mediator’s obligation to file a mediator report with the court at the
conclusion of a mediation and pursuant to applicable rules of
procedure does not create a conflict of interest and does not require
withdrawal from the case.
Under subdivision (e)(3), a mediator is not prohibited from
mediating the dispute and assisting pro se litigants with filling out
forms approved by the Florida Supreme Court after a mediated
settlement agreement. However, mediators should not use the
mediation to solicit future business and should be aware of other
professions’ standards of conduct which may be violated (e.g.,
unauthorized or unlicensed practice of law, Florida Bar Rules of
Professional Conduct). Further, the mediator must ensure the
parties make all decisions regarding the completion of such forms,
including, by way of example, the designation of petitioner and
respondent in a family case.
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.350. DEMEANOR
A mediator shallmust be patient, dignified, and courteous during
the mediation process.
RULE 10.360. CONFIDENTIALITY
(a) Scope. Except where disclosure is required or permitted by law
or is agreed to by all parties and counsel, Aa mediator shallmust
maintain confidentiality of all information revealed during
mediation except where disclosure is required or permitted by law
or is agreed to by all parties.
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(b) Caucus. Information obtained during caucus may not be
revealed by the mediator to any other mediation participant without
the consent of the disclosing party. However, a mediator may
establish as a policy for the mediation that information disclosed
during caucus may be disclosed to the other mediation participants
unless a party expressly tells the mediator to keep the information
confidential.
(c) Record Keeping. A mediator shallmust maintain confidentiality
in the storage and disposal of records and shallmust not disclose
any identifying information when materials are used for research,
training, or statistical compilations. A mediator may, but is not
obligated to, shred notes or other records immediately after the
mediation.
(d) Staff Confidentiality. A mediator who uses the services of
others to perform clerical tasks must take reasonable steps to
ensure confidentiality is maintained. The mediator, in furtherance
of the mediation, must advise office staff that the mediation records
are confidential pursuant to this rule and Florida law.
(e) Reporting Outcome. When a mediator is obligated to report the
outcome of the mediation, a mediator may report to the court
agreement, no agreement, partial agreement, or adjournment for
further mediation without comment or recommendation. The
mediator must not include comments reflecting the mediator’s
opinions regarding whether a party or counsel mediated in good
faith. No other descriptors or modifiers may be used in the
mediator report unless the parties have consented to them in
writing.
(f) Presence. Nothing in this rule prohibits the mediator from
identifying who was or was not present at the mediation and
whether present physically or by communication technology.
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Committee Notes
2024 Revision. The second sentence of subdivision (b) of the rule
adopts the process outlined in Mediator Ethics Advisory Committee
Opinion 2003-005, which emphasizes that a mediator utilizing this
process must obtain consent from the parties and counsel. If a
party objects to this process, the mediator must obtain express
consent to disclose information revealed in caucus by that party but
could implement the process for the consenting party.
Subdivision (d) of this rule is intended to adopt the position
reflected in Mediator Ethics Advisory Committee Opinion 2016-003.
Subdivision (e) of this rule is intended to address situations where
mediation referral language obligates a mediator to report if a party
fails to mediate in good faith. These referrals necessarily require the
mediator to form subjective opinions without the benefit of all of the
information the parties and counsel rely on at mediation. Because
probing the parties’ strategies to determine whether a particular
mediation-related position, comment, or offer made during a
mediation constitutes a lack of good faith, creates a slippery slope,
and is inconsistent with the role of a mediator, this rule intends to
avoid these circumstances unless the parties consent in writing.
Subdivision (f) of this rule intends to clarify that a mediator may
report the existence of a full or partial agreement to the court in a
manner consistent with applicable rules of procedure. The
Committee acknowledges that “impasse” is a word frequently used
for no agreement.
RULE 10.370. ADVICE, OPINIONS, OR INFORMATION
(a) [No Change]
(b) Independent Legal Advice. When a mediator believes a party
does not understand or appreciate how an agreement may adversely
affect legal rights or obligations, the mediator shallmust advise the
party of the right to seek independent legal counsel.
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(c) Personal or Professional Opinion. A mediator shallmust not
offer a personal or professional opinion intended to coerce the
parties, unduly influence the parties, decide the dispute, or direct a
resolution of any issue. Consistent with standards of impartiality
and preserving party self-determination however, a mediator may
point out possible outcomes of the case and discuss the merits of a
claim or defense. A mediator shallmust not offer a personal or
professional opinion as to how the court in which the case has been
filed will resolve the dispute.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. (previously Committee Note to 1992 adoption of
former rule 10.090). [No Change]
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.380. FEES AND EXPENSES
(a) Generally. A mediator holds a position of trust. Fees charged for
mediation services shallmust be reasonable and consistent with
the nature of the case.
(b) Guiding Principles in Determining Fees. A mediator
shallmust be guided by the following general principles in
determining fees:
(1) Any charges for mediation services based on time
shallmust not exceed actual time spent or allocated.
(2) Charges for costs shallmay only be for thosecosts actually
incurred.
(3) All fees and costs shallmust be appropriately divided
between the parties.
(4) When time or expenses involve two or more mediations on
the same day or trip, the time and expense charges shallmust be
prorated appropriately.
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(c) Written Explanation of Fees. A mediator shallmust give the
parties or their counsel a written explanation of any potential
fees and costs prior to mediation. The explanation shallmust
include:
(1) – (4) [No Change]
(d) Maintenance of Records. A mediator shallmust maintain
records necessary to support charges for services and expenses
and upon request shallmust make an accounting to the parties,
their counsel, or the court.
(e) Remuneration for Referrals. No commissions, rebates, or
similar remuneration shallmay be given or received by a
mediator for a mediation referral.
(f) Contingency Fees Prohibited. A mediator shallmust not
charge a contingent fee or base a fee on the outcome of the
process.
RULE 10.410. BALANCED PROCESS
A mediator shallmust conduct mediation sessions in an even-
handed, balanced manner. A mediator shallmust promote mutual
respect among the mediation participants throughout the mediation
process and encourage the participants to conduct themselves in a
collaborative, non-coercive, and non-adversarial manner.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.420. CONDUCT OF MEDIATION
(a) Orientation Session. Upon commencement of theeach
mediation session, a mediator shallmust:
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(1) describe the mediation process and;
(2) describe the role of the mediator,; and shall
(3) inform the mediation participants that:
(1A) mediation is a consensual process;
(2B) the mediator is an impartial facilitator without
authority to impose a resolution or adjudicate any aspect of the
dispute; and
(3C) communications made during the process are
confidential, except where disclosure is required or permitted by
law.
(b) Adjournment or Termination. A mediator shallmust:
(1) – (2) [No Change]
(3) adjourn or terminate the mediation if the mediator believes
the case is unsuitable for mediation or any party is unable or
unwilling to participate meaningfully in the process;
(4) adjourn or terminate the mediation if any party is unable or
unwilling to participate meaningfully in the process;
(5) terminate a mediation entailing fraud, duress, the absence of
bargaining ability, or unconscionability; and
(5)(6) terminate any mediation if the physical safety of any
person is endangered by the continuation of mediation.; or
(7) terminate any mediation upon determination that the
mediator is required to make a mandatory report under chapter
39 or 415, Florida Statutes, if making the report creates a
- 29 -
conflict of interest.
(c) Closure. The mediator shallmust cause the terms of any
agreement reached to be memorialized appropriately and
discuss with the parties and counsel the process for
formalization and implementation of the agreement.
Committee Notes
2024 Revision. Mediators are precluded from making group
opening statements with parties from multiple cases.
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.430. SCHEDULING MEDIATION
A mediator shallmust schedule a mediation in a manner that
provides adequate time for the parties to fully exercise their right of
self-determination. A mediator shallmust perform mediation
services in a timely fashion, avoiding delays whenever possible.
RULE 10.500. MEDIATOR’S RESPONSIBILITY TO THE COURTS
A mediator is accountable to the referring court with ultimate
authority over the case. Any interaction discharging this
responsibility, however, shallmust be conducted in a manner
consistent with these ethical rules.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.510. INFORMATION TO THE COURT
A mediator shallmust be candid, accurate, and fully responsive to
the court concerning the mediator’s qualifications, availability, and
other administrative matters.
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RULE 10.520. COMPLIANCE WITH AUTHORITY
A mediator shallmust comply with all statutes, court rules, local
court orders, and administrative orders relevant to the practice of
mediation.
RULE 10.530. IMPROPER INFLUENCE
A mediator shallmust refrain from any activity that has the
appearance of improperly influencing a court to secure an
appointment to a case.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.600. MEDIATOR’S RESPONSIBILITY TO THE
MEDIATION PROFESSION
A mediator shallmust preserve the quality of the profession. A
mediator is responsible for maintaining professional competence
and forthright business practices, fostering good relationships,
assisting new mediators, and generally supporting the advancement
of mediation.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.610. MARKETING PRACTICES
(a) False or Misleading Marketing Practices. A mediator
shallmust not engage in any marketing practice, including
advertising, which contains false or misleading information. A
mediator shallmust ensure that any marketing of the mediator’s
qualifications, services to be rendered, or the mediation process is
accurate and honest.
(b) – (d) [No Change]
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(e) Prohibited Claims or Promises. A mediator shallmust not
make claims of achieving specific outcomes or promises implying
favoritism for the purpose of obtaining business.
(f) Additional Prohibited Marketing Practices. A mediator
shallmust not engage in any marketing practice that diminishes the
importance of a party’s right to self-determination or the
impartiality of the mediator, or that demeans the dignity of the
mediation process or the judicial system.
Commentary
2010 Revision. [No Change]
RULE 10.620. INTEGRITY AND IMPARTIALITY
A mediator shallmay not accept any engagement, provide any
service, or perform any act that would compromise the mediator’s
integrity or impartiality.
RULE 10.630. PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE
A mediator shallmust acquire and maintain professional
competence in mediation. A mediator shall by regularly
participateing in educational and professional activities promoting
professional growth.
RULE 10.640. SKILL AND EXPERIENCE
A mediator shallmust decline an appointment, withdraw, or request
appropriate assistance when the facts and circumstances of the
case are beyond the mediator’s skill or experience.
RULE 10.660. RELATIONSHIPS WITHOF OTHER MEDIATORS
A mediator shallmust respect the professional relationships of
another mediator.
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RULE 10.670. RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER PROFESSIONALS
A mediator shallmust respect the role of other professional
disciplines in the mediation process and shallmust promote
cooperation between mediators and other professionals.
RULE 10.680. PROHIBITED AGREEMENTS
With the exception of an agreement conferring benefits upon
retirement, a mediator shallmust not restrict or limit another
mediator’s practice following termination of a professional
relationship.
Committee Notes
2000 Revision. [No Change]
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