The opinion
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO
EASTERN DIVISION
MICHAEL BROWN,
Plaintiff,
v. Civil Action 2:21-cv-5146
Chief Judge Algenon L. Marbley
Magistrate Judge Kimberly A. Jolson
WILLIAM COOL, et al.,
Defendants.
REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
This matter before the Court is Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment. (Doc. 43). For
the following reasons, the Court RECOMMENDS that the Motion for Summary Judgment be
DENIED WITHOUT PREJUDICE to renewal.
I. BACKGROUND
In his Complaint, Plaintiff alleges that Defendants Warden William Cool, Corrections
Officer Travis Raypool, Corrections Officer Dane Osbourne, Corrections Officer D. Farmer, and
others physical assaulted and mentally and emotional abused him, among other civil rights
violations. (Doc. 3). Although discovery is ongoing, Plaintiff filed a Motion for Summary
Judgment, which reads: “[n]ow comes Michael Brown, plaintiff in the above captioned case. To
humbly and respectfully move this honorable court for summary judgement [sic] according to
USCS Federal Rules of civil procedure – rule(s) 54 55 56.” (Doc. 40). Defendants filed a
Response in Opposition, asserting that the standards for default summary judgment have not been
met and that Plaintiff has failed to argue why summary judgment would be proper. (Doc. 44).
Plaintiff did not file a reply, and the matter is ripe for review. (Docs. 43 and 44).
II. STANDARD
Though Plaintiff submitted a Motion for Summary Judgment, he also referenced Federal
Rules of Civil Procedure 54 and 55, which govern default judgments. As such, the Court will
consider standards for both summary judgment and default judgment.
Courts should render summary judgment “if the pleadings, the discovery and disclosure
materials on file, and any affidavits show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and
that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c). The movant
“bears the burden of proving the absence of genuine issues of material fact and its entitlement to
judgment as a matter of law.” Longaberger Co. v. Kolt, 586 F.3d 459, 465 (6th Cir. 2009) (citing
Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322-23 (1986)).
Default judgment is appropriate when a defendant “has failed to plead or otherwise defend,
and that failure is shown by affidavit or otherwise.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a). Rule 55 creates a two-
step process for obtaining default judgment. See Oliver v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No. 3:17-CV-104,
2017 WL 2531759 at *1 (S.D. Ohio June 12, 2017). Plaintiff must first request an entry of default
from the Clerk of Court. Ross v. Teleperformance USA, Inc., No. 3:13CV00038, 2014 WL 99413,
at *1 (S.D. Ohio Jan. 9, 2014). Then, after receiving an entry of default, Plaintiff must move the
court for default judgment. (Id.) When properly pled, default judgment is appropriate when the
Plaintiff “establishes a claim or right to relief by evidence that satisfies the court.” Fed. R. Civ. P.
55(d); see also Sherrills v. Berryhill, No. 1:17-CV-0030, 2017 WL 1399988, at *3 (N.D. Ohio
Apr. 4, 2017), report and recommendation adopted sub nom. Sherrills v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No.
1:17 CV 30, 2017 WL 1387173 (N.D. Ohio Apr. 18, 2017).
III. DISCUSSION
The Court finds that neither summary judgment nor default judgment are appropriate at
this stage. Regarding summary judgment, Plaintiff has not set forth any evidence beyond
assertions from pleadings. Even more, Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment does not include
any argument as to why he is entitled to a favorable judgment as a matter of law, nor any argument
that there is no genuine issue of material fact. (See Doc. 44). And the discovery deadline is
months away. (See Doc. 37). After discovery closes, Plaintiff will be better positioned to support
his argument that he is entitled to a favorable judgment as a matter of law with evidence. As such,
the Court RECOMMENDS that Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment be denied without
prejudice. Plaintiff is permitted to file dispositive motions, including a motion for summary
judgment, by the deadline set forth in the case schedule. (See Doc. 37 (setting the dispositive
motions deadline for June 15, 2023)).
The Court also RECOMMENDS that Plaintiff’s Motion be denied without prejudice, to
the extent he seeks default judgment. Plaintiff has not first filed entry of default with the Clerk of
Court. Courts widely recognize this procedural step as essential in granting a motion for default
judgment. See Heard v. Caruso, 351 Fed. Appx. 1, 15–16 (6th Cir. 2009); Stitts v. Staples, 1998
WL 466569 at *2 (6th Cir. 1998); Shepard Claims Serv., Inc. v. William Darrah & Assoc., 796
F.2d 190, 193 (6th Cir. 1986). So Plaintiff’s Motion is procedurally improper. Substantively,
Plaintiff has again made no argument that Defendants failed to properly plead or defend. Indeed,
Defendants timely answered the Complaint. (Doc. 35). This is all Defendants need to do at this
early stage of the proceedings.
Accordingly, the Court RECOMMENDS that the Motion for Summary Judgment be
DENIED WITHOUT PREJUDICE to renewal.
Procedure on Objections
If any party objects to this Report and Recommendation, that party may, within fourteen
(14) days of the date of this Report, file and serve on all parties written objections to those specific
proposed findings or recommendations to which objection is made, together with supporting
authority for the objection(s). A District Judge of this Court shall make a de novo determination
of those portions of the Report or specific proposed findings or recommendations to which
objection is made. Upon proper objection, a District Judge of this Court may accept, reject, or
modify, in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made herein, may receive further
evidence, or may recommit this matter to the Magistrate Judge with instructions. 28 U.S.C. §
636(b)(1).
The parties are specifically advised that failure to object to the Report and
Recommendation will result in a waiver of the right to have the district judge review the Report
and Recommendation de novo, and also operates as a waiver of the right to appeal the decision of
the District Court adopting the Report and Recommendation. See Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140
(1985); United States v. Walters, 638 F.2d 947 (6th Cir. 1981).
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Date: March 1, 2023 /s/ Kimberly A. Jolson
KIMBERLY A. JOLSON
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE