Shed v. University of South Florida Board of Trustees

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLORIDA

TAMPA DIVISION

BOBBY SHED,

Plaintiff,

v. Case No. 8:22-cv-1327-KKM-TGW

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA

BOARD OF TRUSTEES, et al.,

Defendants.

ORDER

On March 7, 2022, Plaintiff Bobby Shed, proceeding pro se, initiated this action by

filing a complaint in the Northern District of Florida. (Doc. 1.) Because the Middle

District was a more appropriate venue, the Magistrate Judge transferred the case and it was

assigned to me. (Doc. 7.) In his order transferring the case, the Magistrate Judge noted

that Shed’s complaint was a so-called “shotgun” pleading because it was “vague and

ambiguous” and because it “suffers from various defects, such as the inclusion of extraneous

information unconnected to his claims.” (Doc. 7 at 1.)

Shed then moved to amend his complaint to address its deficiencies, (Doc. 11), and

I granted his motion, (Doc. 12). Shed now files an amended complaint, (Doc. 15), and

moves to file electronically, (Doc. 17). Upon review, his Amended Complaint still

constitutes an impermissible shotgun pleading.

Complaints that violate Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 8(a)(2) or 10(b) “are often

disparagingly referred to as ‘shotgun pleadings.” Weiland v. Palm Beach Cnty. Sheriffs

Office, 792 F.3d 1313, 1320 (11th Cir. 2015). The Eleventh Circuit has recognized four

basic types of shotgun pleadings: (1) a complaint that contains multiple counts where each

count adopts the allegations of all preceding counts; (2) a complaint that is replete with

conclusory, vague, and immaterial facts not obviously connected to any particular cause of

action; (3) a complaint that fails to separate into different counts each cause of action or

claim for relief; and (4) a complaint that asserts multiple claims against multiple defendants

without specifying which of the defendants are responsible for which acts or omissions or

which of the defendants the claim is brought against. Id. at 1321-23. “The unifying

characteristic of all types of shotgun pleadings is that they fail to one degree or another,

and in one way or another, to give the defendants adequate notice of the claims against

them and the grounds upon which each claim rests.” Id. at 1323.

Here, Shed attempts to bring six claims regarding retaliation and discrimination.

Each of the claims are properly broken out into counts. But Counts H, IV, and V

incorporate the allegations of preceding counts which renders the Amended Complaint

deficient under Rules 8 and 10. (See, e.g., Doc. 25 at 22 (“Plaintiff realleges and adopts the

allegations stated in paragraphs 34-78.”). This type of shotgun pleading is problematic

because it muddles which facts go to which claims and prevents each claim from standing

on its own merit before the Court. See Keith v. DeKalb Cnty., 749 F.3d 1034, 1045 n.39

(11th Cir. 2014) (“By the time a reader of the pleading gets to the final count, it is

exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, to know which allegations pertain to that count

(according to its label), to separate the wheat from the chaff. Put plainly, shotgun pleadings

unnecessarily tax the time and resources of the District Court as well as the Court of

Appeals.”).

Additionally, the Amended Complaint fails to identify the legal elements for many

of Shed’s claims and several counts include factual allegations that are not clearly connected

to the legal elements of that claim. It is not at all “obvious” how Shed’s various vague and

conclusory allegations under each of his claims relate to the legal elements of his various

claims. See Weiland, 792 F.3d at 1323.

The Eleventh Circuit has explained that shotgun complaints are “altogether

unacceptable,” as they “exact an intolerable toll on the trial court’s docket.” Cramer v. State

of Fla. 117 F.3d 1258, 1263 (11th Cir. 1997). Although pro se pleadings are to be

construed liberally and held to a less stringent standard than those drafted by attorneys, the

Court has “little tolerance for shotgun pleadings.” Arrington v. Green, 757 Fed. App’x 796,

797 (11th Cir. 2018); see Vibe Micro, Inc. v. Shabanets, 878 F.3d 1291, 1295 (11th Cir.

2018) (explaining that a district court has the inherent authority to dismiss a complaint as

a shotgun pleading but that a district court must “sua sponte allow a litigant one chance to

remedy such deficiencies” in the circumstance of a non-merits dismissal on shotgun

pleadings grounds). Accordingly, the proper course of action is to strike a shotgun pleading

and allow an opportunity to remedy the deficiencies. See Jackson v. Bank of Am., N.A.,

898 F.3d 1348, 1357 (11th Cir. 2018) (“[I]n a case in which a party, plaintiff or defendant,

files a shotgun pleading, the district court should strike the pleading and instruct counsel

to replead the case... This is so even when the other party does not move to strike the

pleading.” (quotations and alterations omitted)). Shed had that one opportunity; he will

now be permitted a second and final opportunity.

Shed also moves to file electronically. (Doc. 17.) But to receive an exemption from

the general rule that pro se litigants must file paper documents with the Court, a litigant

must establish that “an exemption is necessary to avoid unreasonable burdens and to

promote access to information.” See Ogilvie v. Millsaps, No. 8:15-CV-2477-T-36JSS,

2015 WL 6688343, at *1 (M.D. Fla. Oct. 30, 2015). Here, Shed provides no reason why

he requests an exemption.

Accordingly, it is ORDERED:

(1) Plaintiffs Amended Complaint (Doc. 15) is STRICKEN.

(2) By August 3, 2022, Plaintiff may file a second amended complaint consistent

with the directives of this Order and in compliance with Federal Rules of Civil

Procedure 8(a)(2) and 10(b). Failure to file a second amended complaint by this

deadline will result in the dismissal of this action without further notice.

(3) Plaintiffs motion to file electronically (Doc. 17) is DENIED.

ORDERED in Tampa, Florida, on July 21, 2022.

Fa □ imball Mizelle

United States District Judge