The opinion
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLORIDA
TAMPA DIVISION
MOSTAFA KAMALI ARDAKANI,
Plaintiff,
v. Case No: 8:22-cv-53-CEH-CPT
FLORIDA POLYTECHNIC
UNIVERSITY,
Defendant.
___________________________________/
ORDER
This matter comes before the Court on Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss (Doc.
11), filed on February 28, 2022, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6). In the motion,
Defendant requests an order dismissing Plaintiff’s Complaint for failure to state a claim
because Plaintiff has sued an improper entity. Plaintiff filed a response in opposition.
Doc. 13. The Court, having considered the motion and being fully advised in the
premises, will grant Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss and give Plaintiff the opportunity
to file an amended complaint.
I. BACKGROUND1
Plaintiff, Mostafa Kamali Ardakani (“Dr. Ardakani” or “Plaintiff”), who is
proceeding pro se, initiated this action by filing a two-count complaint for
1 The following statement of facts is derived from the Complaint (Doc. 1-1), the allegations of
which the Court must accept as true in ruling on the instant Motion to Dismiss. Linder v.
Portocarrero, 963 F.2d 332, 334 (11th Cir. 1992); Quality Foods de Centro Am., S.A. v. Latin Am.
Agribusiness Dev. Corp. S.A., 711 F.2d 989, 994 (11th Cir. 1983).
discrimination and harassment under Title VII and retaliation in violation of the
Florida Civil Rights Act against his former employer, Florida Polytechnic University
(“Florida Polytechnic” or “Defendant”). Doc. 1-1. Plaintiff sued Defendant Florida
Polytechnic in state court, and Defendant removed the action to this court. Doc. 1.
Dr. Ardakani was employed by Florida Polytechnic beginning in July 2018 as an
Associate Professor of Data Science and Business Analytics. Doc. 1-1 ¶ 15. He alleges
that he was discriminated and retaliated against because of his race and national
origin. Id. ¶ 10. Dr. Ardakani, who is Iranian, asserts that Defendant’s administration
created a hostile work environment and tried to sabotage his career. Id. ¶ 11. After
Plaintiff raised concerns about the discriminatory treatment, Florida Polytechnic took
retaliatory action and did not renew Plaintiff’s employment contract in August 2021.
Id. ¶ 10.
Plaintiff named Florida Polytechnic University as the Defendant in this lawsuit.
Doc. 1-1. Florida Polytechnic removed the action to this Court (Doc. 1) under 28
U.S.C. § 1331 and moved to dismiss the Complaint because “Florida Polytechnic
University” is not a legal entity with the capacity to be sued (Doc. 11). Defendant
identifies “The Florida Polytechnic University Board of Trustees” as the only party
amenable to suit in these circumstances. Doc. 11 at 4. Plaintiff responded in
opposition, arguing that Florida Polytechnic University is a corporation and is subject
to suit. Doc. 13. Additionally, he argues that the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission (“EEOC”) issued a right to sue letter against “Florida Polytechnic
University.” Id. at 2. If the Court finds his arguments insufficient, Plaintiff requests
leave to amend his complaint. Id.
II. LEGAL STANDARD
To survive a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6), a pleading must include a
“short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.”
Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 677-78 (2009) (quoting Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2)). Labels,
conclusions and formulaic recitations of the elements of a cause of action are not
sufficient. Id. (citing Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007)).
Furthermore, mere naked assertions are not sufficient. Id. A complaint must contain
sufficient factual matter, which, if accepted as true, would “state a claim to relief that
is plausible on its face.” Id. (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570). “A claim has facial
plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the
reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.” Id.
(citation omitted). The court, however, is not bound to accept as true a legal
conclusion stated as a “factual allegation” in the complaint. Id.
III. DISCUSSION
Florida Polytechnic University is a Florida public university. As such, it is
governed by Florida Statute. Section 1001.72(1), Florida Statutes, provides, in relevant
part:
Each board of trustees shall be a public body corporate by
the name of “The (name of university) Board of Trustees,”
with all the powers of a body corporate, including the power
to adopt a corporate seal, to contract and be contracted
with, to sue and be sued, to plead and be impleaded in all
courts of law or equity, and to give and receive donations.
Thus, in Florida, a public university’s board of trustees is the proper entity to be named
in lawsuits against the university. See Souto v. Fla. Int’l Univ. Found., Inc., 446 F. Supp.
3d 983, 998 (S.D. Fla. 2020) (FIU is not a proper defendant); Parfitt v. Fla. Gulf Coast
Univ. Bd. of Trs., No. 2:19-cv-727-SPC-NPM, 2020 WL 1873585, at *2 (M.D. Fla. Apr.
15, 2020) (“The Board—not FCGU—is the correct entity to sue.”); Paylan v.
Teitelbaum, Case No. 1:15-cv-159-MW-GRJ, 2017 WL 2294084, at *2 (“UFBOT is the
proper entity to be sued in cases against the University of Florida.”), report and
recommendation adopted, 2017 WL 2294083 (N.D. Fla. May 25, 2017); Hui Li v. Univ.
of Fla. Bd. of Trs., No. 1:14-cv-236-RS-GRJ, 2015 WL 1781578, at *2 (N.D. Fla. April
20, 2015) (“The program is governed by Defendant University of Florida Board of
Trustees, which is the only University of Florida entity with the capacity to be sued.”);
Hankins v. Dean of Commcn’s, Valencia Coll., No. 6:12–cv–997–JA-KRS, 2012 WL
7050630, at *2 (Dec. 21, 2012) (“[T]he ADA claim is due to be dismissed without
prejudice to filing an amended complaint against The Valencia College Board of
Trustees.”), report and recommendation adopted, 2013 WL 521676 (M.D. Fla. Feb.
11, 2013).
Florida Polytechnic University Board of Trustees is the proper defendant, not
Florida Polytechnic University. Therefore, the Court will dismiss Plaintiff’s Complaint
against Florida Polytechnic University without prejudice to filing an amended
complaint against the Florida Polytechnic University Board of Trustees.
Accordingly, it is hereby
ORDERED:
1. Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss (Doc. 11) is GRANTED.
2. Plaintiff's Complaint is DISMISSED without prejudice. Plaintiff may
file an amended complaint within 21 days that corrects the deficiencies referenced
herein.
3. Failure to file an amended complaint within the time permitted will result
in the dismissal of this action without further notice.
DONE AND ORDERED in Tampa, Florida on April 13, 2022.
Chakene. Aiwarda Kn FLA sl el □□
Charlene Edwards Honeywell
United States District Judge
Copies to:
Counsel of Record
Unrepresented Parties