construing former 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d)
How later courts described this case
- construing former 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d)
- “[I]n assessing whether the second action is duplicative of 12 || the first, we examine whether the causes of action and relief sought, as well as the parties 13 || or privies to the action, are the same.”
Written by the judges who cited it.
The opinion
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8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
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11 JON GUERRERO Case No.: 3:20-cv-1346-CAB-LL
Booking No. 1719376,
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ORDER: (1) DISMISSING CIVIL
Plaintiff,
13 ACTION PURSUANT TO 28 U.S.C.
vs. § 1915A(b)(1); AND (2) DENYING
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MOTION TO PROCEED IN FORMA
15 PAUPERIS AS MOOT
KENNETH SO; DAN LEE TANDEN;
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WHITNEY ANTRUM; DR. JEFRY,
17 Defendants.
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20 Jon Guerrero (“Plaintiff”), currently housed at Patton State Hospital in Patton,
21 California and proceeding pro se, has filed a civil rights complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C.
22 § 1983 (ECF No. 1). Plaintiff did not prepay the civil filing fee required by 28 U.S.C.
23 § 1914(a) when he filed his Complaint but did file a Motion to Proceed In Forma
24 Pauperis (“IFP”) pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a) (ECF No. 2).
25 I. Sua Sponte Screening Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)
26 The Prison Litigation Reform Act (“PLRA”), 28 U.S.C. § 1915A, obligates the
27 Court to review complaints filed by anyone “incarcerated or detained in any facility who
28 is accused of, sentenced for, or adjudicated delinquent for, violations of criminal law or
1 the terms or conditions of parole, probation, pretrial release, or diversionary program,”
2 “as soon as practicable after docketing” and regardless of whether the prisoner prepays
3 filing fees or moves to proceed IFP. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(a), (c). Pursuant to this
4 provision of the PLRA, the Court is required to review prisoner complaints which “seek[]
5 redress from a governmental entity or officer or employee of a government entity,” and to
6 dismiss those, or any portion of those, which are “frivolous, malicious, or fail[] to state a
7 claim upon which relief may be granted,” or which “seek monetary relief from a
8 defendant who is immune.” 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)(1)-(2); Resnick v. Hayes, 213 F.3d
9 443, 446-47 (9th Cir. 2000); Hamilton v. Brown, 630 F.3d 889, 892 n.3 (9th Cir. 2011).
10 “The purpose of § 1915A is ‘to ensure that the targets of frivolous or malicious suits need
11 not bear the expense of responding.’” Nordstrom v. Ryan, 762 F.3d 903, 920 n.1 (9th Cir.
12 2014) (quoting Wheeler v. Wexford Health Sources, Inc., 689 F.3d 680, 681 (7th Cir.
13 2012)).
14 Plaintiff’s Complaint is subject to sua sponte dismissal pursuant to 28 U.S.C.
15 § 1915A(b)(1) because it is duplicative of another civil action he has filed in this Court.
16 See Guerrero v. San Diego Superior Court, et al., S.D. Cal. Civil Case No. 3:20-cv-
17 01116-LAB-MSB (“Guerrero I”). A court “‘may take notice of proceedings in other
18 courts, both within and without the federal judicial system, if those proceedings have a
19 direct relation to matters at issue.’” Bias v. Moynihan, 508 F.3d 1212, 1225 (9th Cir.
20 2007) (quoting Bennett v. Medtronic, Inc., 285 F.3d 801, 803 n.2 (9th Cir. 2002)).
21 In Guerrero I, Plaintiff also names Defendants Kenneth So, Dan Lee Tanden, and
22 Whitney Antrum. See Guerrero I, ECF No. 1 at 1. In this previous action, Plaintiff
23 claims, while not entirely coherent, that the Defendants are violating his constitutional
24 rights in his ongoing state court criminal proceedings. These are the same claims that he
25 brings against the same Defendants in this matter. In addition, while Plaintiff names an
26 additional Defendant in this matter, Dr. Jefrey, the claims against him are identical to
27 those found in Guerrero I. In the matter before this Court, Plaintiff claims he is being
28 involuntarily “overmedicated” by Dr. Jefrey while housed at Patton State Hospital. See
1 ||Compl. at 2. In Guerrero I, Plaintiff alleges, without specifically identifying the name of
2 Patton State Hospital medical staff, that they put him on “a lot of psychotropic
3 ||medication.” Guerrero I, ECF No. 1 at 5.
4 A prisoner’s complaint is considered frivolous under 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)(1) if it
5 ||“merely repeats pending or previously litigated claims.” Cato v. United States, 70 F.3d
6 || 1103, 1105 n.2 (9th Cir. 1995) (construing former 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d)) (citations and
7 ||internal quotations omitted). Because Plaintiff has already brought the same claims
8 || presented in the instant action against the same defendants in Guerrero I, the Court must
9 || dismiss this duplicative pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)(1). See Cato, 70 F.3d at 1105
10 ||n.2; Resnick, 213 F.3d at 446 n.1; see also Adams v. Cal. Dep’t of Health Servs., 487 F.3d
11 688-89 (9th Cir. 2007) (“[I]n assessing whether the second action is duplicative of
12 || the first, we examine whether the causes of action and relief sought, as well as the parties
13 || or privies to the action, are the same.”), overruled on other grounds by Taylor vy. Sturgell,
14 U.S. 880, 904 (2008).
15 Conclusion and Order
16 Good cause appearing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that this civil action is
17 || DISMISSED as frivolous pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)(1).
18 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Plaintiff's Motion to Proceed Jn Forma
19 || Pauperis (ECF Doc. No. 2) is DENIED as moot and that this dismissal shall operate
20 || without prejudice. The Clerk shall close the file.
21 IS SO ORDERED.
22 ||Dated: July 30, 2020 €
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Hon. Cathy Ann Bencivengo
24 United States District Judge
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