The opinion
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
WESTERN DISTRICT OF ARKANSAS
HOT SPRINGS DIVISION
JAY LLOYD HARRIS PLAINTIFF
v. Case No. 6:21-cv-06157
DEPUTY WARDEN RICHARD
T. BALL; DIRECTOR DEXTER PAYNE;
DR. GUY M. HENRY; WARDEN DE
ANGELO EARL; WELLPATH, LLC; and
JOHN DOE DEFENDANTS
ORDER
Before the Court is the Report and Recommendation filed April 5, 2023, by the Honorable
Mark E. Ford, United States Magistrate Judge for the Western District of Arkansas. ECF No. 35.
Plaintiff Jay Lloyd Harris has objected. ECF No. 36. Thus, the matter is ripe for the Court’s
consideration.
On December 14, 2021, Plaintiff, proceeding pro se, filed the present action pursuant to 42
U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff brings three claims: an Eighth Amendment denial of medical care claim
against Defendant Dr. Guy M. Henry in his individual and official capacities (Claim 1), an Eighth
Amendment “Physical & Emotional Injury” claim against Defendants Richard T. Ball, Dexter Payne,
and De Angelo Earl in their official capacities (Claim 2); and a First and Eighth Amendment
“Emotional Trauma” claim against Defendants Ball and Payne in their individual and official
capacities (Claim 3). ECF No. 1.1 All three claims relate to the fact that Plaintiff suffers from severe
0F
migraines and takes issue with Defendants’ treatment of those migraines.
On September 14, 2022, Defendants Ball, Payne, and Earl (the ADC Defendants) filed a motion
1Plaintiff did not identify Defendant WellPath, LLC in his complaint. However, the Court, after reviewing Plaintiff’s
complaint, directed the Clerk of Court to add WellPath, LLC as a defendant for Plaintiff’s official capacity medical
claims. ECF No. 10.
for summary judgment. ECF No. 22. The ADC Defendants argue that they are entitled to judgment
as a matter of law because Plaintiff “failed to exhaust administrative remedies as to his claims against
[them],” meaning that Plaintiff’s claims against them “are barred by the [Prison Litigation Reform Act
(PLRA)].” ECF No. 22, at 1-2.
Plaintiff filed a response in opposition to the ADC Defendants’ motion. ECF No. 28. Plaintiff
seems to argue that due to prison restrictions, he was unable to engage in the available grievance
procedure. ECF No. 28, at 1 (“Due to the Fact Medical Staff Still Refuses to Issue a ‘No Outdoor
Activity’ Medical Restriction for Me, No Grievance Was Actually Filed.”). However, he also seems
to argue that he did engage in the grievance procedure, saying, “Each of the Grievances Filed in this
Instance Were All Forwarded Just the Way I Got Them in the Mail. Yet They All Had a Page Missing
After the Fact.” ECF No. 28, at 1. Along with his response, Plaintiff filed a “Statement of Disputed
Facts.” ECF No. 28, at 2. There, Plaintiff argues that the issue of grievance submission is not currently
at issue and that grievances were not required because “the actual issue has been deemed nongrievable
by the ADC.” ECF No. 28, at 2.
On October 17, 2022, Defendants Henry and WellPath, LLC (the Medical Defendants) filed a
motion for summary judgment. ECF No. 29. The Medical Defendants argue that “[b]ased on the
undisputed facts, Plaintiff cannot put forth sufficient evidence to support his claim that Defendants
acted with ‘deliberate indifference’ to Plaintiff’s alleged ‘serious medical need.’” ECF No. 29, at 2.
Plaintiff has responded arguing that he can show repeated lapses in medical care by Defendant Henry
which is “Sufficient to Establish Cruel and Unusual Punishment.” ECF No. 33, at 1. Plaintiff also
filed a Statement of Disputed Facts in response to the Medical Defendants’ motion. ECF No. 34. In
the Statement, Plaintiff sets forth multiple instances of what he alleges to be deliberate indifference to
a medical need. For example, Plaintiff alleges that the Medical Defendants allegedly provided “Fake
Excedrin” for a “2nd Level Migraine” and ignored his verbal requests for information from nursing
staff. ECF No. 34, at 1. Plaintiff further stated that when he was not incarcerated, he would take a
migraine medication not currently available in the United States which alleviated his pain more
successfully than the medicine provided by the Medical Defendants. ECF No. 33, at 1 (referring to
in-prison medication as “Inadequate American [over-the-counter] Medication” that is “Woefully
Inadequate”).
After reviewing both motions for summary judgment, as well as Plaintiff’s responses in
opposition to those motions, Judge Ford recommends the following. First, Judge Ford recommends
granting the ADC Defendants’ motion for summary judgment because “[t]here is no evidence in the
summary judgment record that Plaintiff successfully completed the ADC grievance procedure to
exhaustion for any of the three grievances.” ECF No. 35, at 13. Second, Judge Ford recommends
granting the Medical Defendants’ motion for summary judgment because although Plaintiff’s
migraines qualified as an objectively serious medical need, Plaintiff cannot show that the Medical
Defendants were deliberately indifferent to that need. ECF No. 35, at 15-16. Moreover, Judge Ford
explains that “[w]hile Plaintiff disagrees with the quality of care provided, such disagreement does not
rise to a constitutional violation.” ECF No. 35, at 16.
Plaintiff sets forth six objections to Judge Ford’s Report and Recommendation. First, Plaintiff
argues that there is medication specifically designed for migraines, and he presumed that the medical
staff would do “Minimal Research” to ascertain (and then administer) the most effective medication
available. ECF No. 36, at 1. Second, Plaintiff argues that he was given a “Tough Luck and We Don’t
Care Attitude” when he sought Tylenol or Naproxen as a substitute for his backordered prescription
medication. ECF No. 36, at 1. Third, Plaintiff contends that he was not allowed a phone, in-person
visitation, or video visitation for “a Total of One Year Five Months and Eleven Days.” ECF No. 36,
at 1. In his fourth objection, Plaintiff contends that “Magistrate Bryant” is “Sidelining the ADA
Aspects” of his claim in contradiction with the requirement that pro se pleadings should be liberally
construed. ECF No. 36, at 2. Plaintiff’s fifth objection concerns the fact that he did not exhaust the
available grievance procedure; Plaintiff again argues that no grievances were required. ECF No. 36,
at 2. Sixth and finally, Plaintiff argues both that he requested the appointment of an attorney and that
Defendant Henry prescribed an anti-depressant to treat Plaintiff’s carpal tunnel syndrome. ECF No.
36, at 2.
II. DISCUSSION
Upon careful consideration, the Court overrules Plaintiff’s objections and adopts Judge
Ford’s Report and Recommendation. “The Court may designate a magistrate judge to hear
pre- and post-trial matters and to submit to the Court proposed findings of fact and
recommendations for disposition.” Bramlett v. Wellpath, LLC, No. 6:19-cv-6070, 2020 WL
4748049, at *1 (W.D. Ark. Aug. 17, 2020). After reviewing a magistrate judge’s report and
recommendations under the appropriate standard of review, the Court “may accept, reject, or
modify, in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made by the magistrate judge.” 28
U.S.C. § 636(b)(1).
“[T]he specific standard of review depends, in the first instance, upon whether or not a
party has objected to portions of the report and recommendation.” Anderson v. Evangelical
Lutheran Good Samaritan Soc’y, 308 F. Supp. 3d 1011, 1015 (N.D. Iowa 2018). “The Court
applies a liberal construction when determining whether pro se objections are specific.” Raper v.
Maxwell, No. 4:21-cv-4067, 2022 WL 1978690, at *1 (W.D. Ark. June 6, 2022) (citation omitted).
If the prisoner “files timely and specific objections” to the magistrate’s report and
recommendations, then “the district court makes ‘a de novo determination of those portions of the
report or specified findings or recommendations to which objection is made.’” Branch v. Martin,
886 F.2d 1043, 1045 (8th Cir. 1989) (citation omitted). “When conducting de novo review, the
district court makes its own determinations of disputed issues and does not decide whether the
magistrate’s proposed findings are clearly erroneous.” Id. at 1046. Alternatively, if the plaintiff
does not timely and specifically object to the report and recommendation, the Court reviews that
report and recommendation for clear error. See Raper, 2022 WL 1978690, at *2; see also Thornton
v. Walker, No. 4:22-cv-4114, 2023 WL 3063381, at *1 (W.D. Ark. Apr. 24, 2023) (applying a
clear-error standard where plaintiff’s objections did not “specifically address any aspect of [the
magistrate judge’s] analysis or reasoning”); Engledow v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No. 20-cv-4, 2021
WL 916925, at *3 (N.D. Iowa Mar. 10, 2021) (explaining that de novo review is appropriate where
objections are not “more than . . . conclusory” and are not “accompanied by legal authority and
argument in support” (citations omitted)).
Here, although Plaintiff timely filed objections, those objections are not specific enough to
trigger de novo review. See, e.g., Thornton, 2023 WL 3063381, at *1. For each of his six
objections, Plaintiff does one of two things: he either reasserts arguments already made without
offering any legal support, or he raises arguments for the first time, such as his argument that
Defendant Henry prescribed an anti-depressant medication to treat Plaintiff’s carpal tunnel
syndrome. ECF No. 36. Plaintiff does not specifically address Judge Ford’s finding that Plaintiff
did not exhaust the available administrative remedies, stating only that grievances were not
necessary. Plaintiff similarly does not address Judge Ford’s finding that Plaintiff cannot show
deliberate indifference. Instead, Plaintiff simply presents a few complaints about his medical care.
See, e.g., ECF No. 36, at 1 (“From the very start I stated [over-the-counter] medication required
unsafe quantities to have even minimal effect upon my migraines, to the amounts of well over
3000 mg, which is into liver damaging levels. Alternative medication was unnamed by me as I’m
horrible with random seemingly nonsensical names, let alone the names of people.”). Therefore,
reviewing Judge Ford’s Report and Recommendation (ECF No. 35) for clear error and finding
none, the Court adopts it in toto.
III. CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the Court hereby ADOPTS Judge Ford’s Report and
Recommendation (ECF No. 35). Accordingly, the ADC Defendants’ Motion for Summary
Judgment (ECF No. 22) and the Medical Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment (ECF No.
29) are hereby GRANTED. Plaintiff’s Complaint (ECF No. 1) is hereby DISMISSED WITH
PREJUDICE.
IT IS SO ORDERED, this 27th day of April, 2023.
/s/ Susan O. Hickey
Susan O. Hickey
Chief United States District Judge