# 45 CFR § 2554.6: What does the phrase “know or have reason to know” mean?

> Federal · Regulations · In force

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.6

## Section

- **Citation:** 45 CFR § 2554.6
- **Heading:** What does the phrase “know or have reason to know” mean?
- **Jurisdiction:** Federal
- **Kind:** Regulations
- **Status:** In force
- **Text as of:** September 22, 2026
- **Source:** Publisher's official text
- **Location:** Title 45—Public Welfare > Subtitle B—Regulations Relating to Public Welfare > CHAPTER XXV—CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE > PART 2554—PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS > Overview and Definitions

## Text

A person knows or has reason to know (that a claim or statement is false) if the person:
(a) Has actual knowledge that the claim or statement is false, fictitious, or fraudulent; or
(b) Acts in deliberate ignorance of the truth or falsity of the claim or statement; or
(c) Acts in reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the claim or statement.

## Nearby sections

- [45 CFR § 2554.1 § 2554.1 Overview of regulations.](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.1.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.2 § 2554.2 What kind of conduct will result in program fraud enforcement?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.2.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.3 § 2554.3 What is a claim?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.3.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.4 § 2554.4 What is a statement?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.4.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.5 § 2554.5 What is a false claim or statement?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.5.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.6 § 2554.6 What does the phrase “know or have reason to know” mean?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.6.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.7 § 2554.7 Who investigates program fraud?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.7.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.8 § 2554.8 What happens if program fraud is suspected?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.8.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.9 § 2554.9 Who is the Corporation's authority head?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.9.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.10 § 2554.10 When will the Corporation issue a complaint?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.10.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.11 § 2554.11 What is contained in a complaint?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.11.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.12 § 2554.12 How will the complaint be served?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.12.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.13 § 2554.13 How does a defendant respond to the complaint?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.13.md)
- [45 CFR § 2554.14 § 2554.14 What happens if a defendant fails to file an answer?](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.14.md)

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/ecfr-45-2554.6. Check the current official text before relying on it. Not legal advice.