# N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-01: 12.1-23-01. Consolidation of theft offenses

> North Dakota · Statutes · In force

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-01

## Section

- **Citation:** N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-01
- **Heading:** 12.1-23-01. Consolidation of theft offenses
- **Jurisdiction:** North Dakota
- **Kind:** Statutes
- **Status:** In force
- **Text as of:** August 14, 2026
- **Source:** Compiled text
- **Location:** ND Code / Title 12.1 / Chapter 12.1-23 / Section 12.1-23-01

## Text

12.1-23-01. Consolidation of theft offenses

1. Conduct denominated theft in sections 12.1-23-02 to 12.1-23-04 constitutes a single

offense designed to include the separate offenses heretofore known as larceny,

stealing, purloining, embezzlement, obtaining money or property by false pretenses,

extortion, blackmail, fraudulent conversion, receiving stolen property, misappropriation

of public funds, swindling, and the like.

2. An indictment, information, or complaint charging theft under sections 12.1-23-02 to

12.1-23-04 which fairly apprises the defendant of the nature of the charges against

him shall not be deemed insufficient because it fails to specify a particular category of

theft. The defendant may be found guilty of theft under such an indictment,

information, or complaint if his conduct falls under sections 12.1-23-02 to 12.1-23-04,

so long as the conduct proved is sufficiently related to the conduct charged that the

accused is not unfairly surprised by the case he must meet.

## Nearby sections

- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-01 12.1-23-01. Consolidation of theft offenses](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-01.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-02 12.1-23-02. Theft of property](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-02.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-02.1 12.1-23-02.1. Disarming or attempting to disarm a law enforcement officer](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-02.1.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-03 12.1-23-03. Theft of services](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-03.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-04 12.1-23-04. Theft of property lost, mislaid, or delivered by mistake](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-04.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-05 12.1-23-05. Grading of theft offenses](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-05.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-06 12.1-23-06. Unauthorized use of a vehicle](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-06.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-07 12.1-23-07. Misapplication of entrusted property](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-07.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-08 12.1-23-08. Defrauding secured creditors](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-08.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-08.1 12.1-23-08.1. Removal of identification marks](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-08.1.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-08.2 12.1-23-08.2. Possession of altered property](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-08.2.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-08.3 12.1-23-08.3. Dealing in stolen property](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-08.3.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-08.4 12.1-23-08.4. Duplication of keys](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-08.4.md)
- [N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-23-09 12.1-23-09. Defenses and proof as to theft and related offenses](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-09.md)

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_ND_T12.1_C12.1-23_S12.1-23-01. Check the current official text before relying on it. Not legal advice.