# Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-105: 33-28-105 Formation of captive insurance companies > Montana · Statutes · In force URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-105 ## Section - **Citation:** Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-105 - **Heading:** 33-28-105 Formation of captive insurance companies - **Jurisdiction:** Montana - **Kind:** Statutes - **Status:** In force - **Text as of:** August 14, 2026 - **Source:** Compiled text - **Location:** MT Code / Title 33 / Chapter 28 / Part 1 / Section 33-28-105 ## Text 33-28-105 . Formation of captive insurance companies. (1) A captive insurance company must be formed or organized as a business entity as provided in this chapter. (2) An association captive insurance company or an industrial insured captive insurance company may be: (a) incorporated as a stock insurer with its capital divided into shares and held by the stockholders; (b) incorporated as a mutual insurer without capital stock, the governing body of which is elected by the members of its association or associations; (c) organized as a reciprocal insurer under Title 33, chapter 5, except that the requirements of 33-5-201 (1) do not apply; or (d) organized as a manager-managed limited liability company. (3) A captive insurance company incorporated or organized in this state must be incorporated or organized by at least one incorporator or organizer who is a resident of this state. (4) The capital stock of a captive insurance company incorporated as a stock insurer may be authorized with no par value. (5) (a) At least one of the members of the board of directors of a captive insurance company must be a resident of this state. A captive risk retention group must have a minimum of five directors. (b) In the case of a captive insurance company formed as a limited liability company, at least one of the managers must be a resident of the state. A captive risk retention group formed as a limited liability company is not required to have a manager who is a resident of this state, but the company must maintain a board of directors, of which one board member must be a resident of the state. (c) In the case of a reciprocal insurer, at least one of the members of the subscribers' advisory committee must be a resident of the state. A captive risk retention group formed as a reciprocal insurer must have a minimum of five members of the subscribers' advisory committee. (6) (a) A captive insurance company formed as a corporation or another business entity has the privileges and is subject to the provisions of general corporation law or the laws governing other business entities, as well as the applicable provisions contained in this chapter. (b) In the event of conflict between the provisions of general corporation law or the laws governing other business entities and this chapter, the provisions of this chapter control. (7) (a) (i) A captive insurance company formed as a reciprocal insurer has the privileges and is subject to the provisions of Title 33, chapter 5, except 33-5-201 (1), in addition to the applicable provisions of this chapter. If there is a conflict between Title 33, chapter 5, and this chapter, the provisions of this chapter control. (ii) The subscribers' agreement or other organizing document of a captive insurance company formed as a reciprocal insurer may authorize a quorum of a subscribers' advisory committee to consist of at least one-third of the number of its members. (b) A captive risk retention group has the privileges and is subject to the provisions of Title 33, chapter 11, and this chapter. If there is a conflict between Title 33, chapter 11, and this chapter, the provisions of this chapter prevail. (8) Except as provided in 33-28-111 , the provisions of Title 33, chapter 3, pertaining to mergers, consolidations, conversions, mutualizations, and voluntary dissolutions apply in determining the procedures to be followed by captive insurance companies in carrying out any of those transactions. (9) (a) With respect to a branch captive insurance company, the foreign captive insurance company shall apply to the secretary of state for a certificate of authority to transact business in this state. consolidations, conversions, mutualizations, and voluntary dissolutions apply in determining the procedures to be followed by captive insurance companies in carrying out any of those transactions. (9) (a) With respect to a branch captive insurance company, the foreign captive insurance company shall apply to the secretary of state for a certificate of authority to transact business in this state. (b) A branch captive insurance company established pursuant to the provisions of this chapter to write in this state only insurance or reinsurance of the employee benefit business of its parent and affiliated companies is subject to provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, 29 U.S.C. 1001, et seq. In addition to the general provisions of this chapter, the provisions of this section apply to branch captive insurance companies. (c) A branch captive insurance company may not do any insurance business in this state unless it maintains the principal place of business for its branch operations in this state. ## Nearby sections - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-101 33-28-101 Definitions](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-101.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-102 33-28-102 Certificates of authority -- lines of business -- definition](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-102.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-103 33-28-103 Names of captive insurance companies](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-103.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-104 33-28-104 Minimum capital surplus -- letter of credit](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-104.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-105 33-28-105 Formation of captive insurance companies](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-105.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-106 33-28-106 Dividends](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-106.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-107 33-28-107 Reports and statements](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-107.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-108 33-28-108 Examinations and investigations](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-108.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-109 33-28-109 Suspension or revocation of certificate of authority](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-109.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-110 33-28-110 Excess workers' compensation insurance -- reinsurance of self-insured plans](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-110.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-111 33-28-111 Captive mergers](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-111.md) - [Mont. Code Ann. § 33-28-120 33-28-120 Captive insurance regulatory and supervision account](https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-120.md) --- Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/STATE_MT_T33_C28_P1_S33-28-105. Check the current official text before relying on it. Not legal advice.