# 91 FR 45179: Modifying the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument

> Federal · Proclamations · In force

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/EXEC_2026-14549

## Section

- **Citation:** 91 FR 45179
- **Heading:** Modifying the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument
- **Jurisdiction:** Federal
- **Kind:** Proclamations
- **Status:** In force
- **Text as of:** August 14, 2026
- **Source:** Compiled text
- **Location:** Presidential Documents / Proclamation / 2026-14549

## Text

[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 136 (Friday, July 17, 2026)]
[Presidential Documents]
[Pages 45179-45185]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2026-14549]

Presidential Documents

Federal Register / Vol. 91 , No. 136 / Friday, July 17, 2026 /
Presidential Documents

[[Page 45179]]

Proclamation 11044 of July 13, 2026

Modifying the Grand Staircase-Escalante National
Monument

By the President of the United States of America

A Proclamation

On September 18, 1996, as part of an effort to prevent
development of significant coal reserves and other
resources on the Kaiparowits Plateau, President Clinton
issued Proclamation 6920, which established the Grand
Staircase-Escalante National Monument (Monument) in the
State of Utah, reserving approximately 1.7 million
acres of Federal lands as part of the Monument, and
directing that it be managed by the Department of the
Interior's Bureau of Land Management (BLM).

On December 4, 2017, exercising my authority under
section 320301 of title 54, United States Code (the
``Antiquities Act''), I issued Proclamation 9682 to
modify the boundaries of the Monument, ensure proper
management, and more closely reflect the intent of the
Antiquities Act. Proclamation 9682 removed
approximately 860,000 acres from the Monument
section 320301 of title 54, United States Code (the
``Antiquities Act''), I issued Proclamation 9682 to
modify the boundaries of the Monument, ensure proper
management, and more closely reflect the intent of the
Antiquities Act. Proclamation 9682 removed
approximately 860,000 acres from the Monument. On
October 8, 2021, President Biden issued Proclamation
10286, increasing the size of the Monument to
approximately 1.87 million acres, the size of the
Monument immediately prior to the issuance of
Proclamation 9682.

The Antiquities Act authorizes the President to declare
historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric
structures, and other objects of historic or scientific
interest that are situated on land owned or controlled
by the Federal Government to be national monuments. The
Antiquities Act further requires that any parcel of
land reserved as part of a monument be confined to the
smallest area compatible with the proper care and
management of the objects to be protected. Where the
President determines that the structures and objects
identified by a prior monument proclamation no longer
are, or never were, deserving of the Antiquities Act's
protections, the Antiquities Act permits the President
to remove land from the monument and return it to its
prior federally managed status
President determines that the structures and objects
identified by a prior monument proclamation no longer
are, or never were, deserving of the Antiquities Act's
protections, the Antiquities Act permits the President
to remove land from the monument and return it to its
prior federally managed status. Determining the
appropriate protective area involves examining several
factors, including the uniqueness and nature of the
objects to be protected, the nature of the protection
needed, the protection provided to those objects by
other laws, executive department and agency resources
available to manage the parcel, and whether the lands
are better suited for other non-monument uses.

Proclamation 10286 suffers from several flaws that
warrant its reconsideration. First, Proclamation 10286
was premised on the purported need to protect items
that are not historic landmarks, historic or
prehistoric structures, or objects of historic or
scientific interest. This included a long list of
generic topographic and geologic features such as
``vast and austere landscape[s],'' ``sedimentary rock
layers,'' and ``bold plateaus and multihued cliffs.''
These generic features described in Proclamation 10286
do not become ``landmarks,'' ``structures,'' or
``objects of historic or scientific interest'' worthy
of protection under the Antiquities Act simply because
they are scenic.
edimentary rock
layers,'' and ``bold plateaus and multihued cliffs.''
These generic features described in Proclamation 10286
do not become ``landmarks,'' ``structures,'' or
``objects of historic or scientific interest'' worthy
of protection under the Antiquities Act simply because
they are scenic.

Second, certain landmarks, structures, or objects
identified in Proclamation 10286 that could, in other
circumstances, have the necessary historic or
scientific interest, are not unique to the Monument,
and their relative commonness suggests that the
specific instances of such objects found within the
Monument are not of particular historic or scientific
interest. Examples of these relatively common objects
include cultural, paleontological, and

[[Page 45180]]

geological resources within the Monument that are found
throughout the Four Corners region and, in some cases,
throughout the American West. Accordingly, a monument
reservation was neither necessary nor appropriate to
protect items that are not historic landmarks, historic
or prehistoric structures, or other objects of historic
or scientific interest or items that may qualify as
such but are sufficiently common to not warrant
protection under the Antiquities Act.
reservation was neither necessary nor appropriate to
protect items that are not historic landmarks, historic
or prehistoric structures, or other objects of historic
or scientific interest or items that may qualify as
such but are sufficiently common to not warrant
protection under the Antiquities Act.

Third, because Proclamation 10286 expanded the land
reserved for the Monument only to protect objects of no
significant historic or scientific interest, that
Proclamation disregarded the Antiquities Act's
requirement that the reservation of Federal lands for a
national monument be confined to the ``smallest area
compatible with the proper care and management of the
objects to be protected.'' Had the reservation been
properly tailored to protect only those objects
warranting protection under the Antiquities Act, it
would have been much smaller.

Finally, the added reservation of land was unnecessary
to protect many of the objects of historic or
scientific identified by Proclamation 10286, which are
already subject to the enhanced protections provided
under Federal laws enacted after the Antiquities Act
that preserve archaeological, historic, cultural,
paleontological resources as well as plants and
animals, and their respective habitats. These laws,
including the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
of 1979 (16 U.S.C. 470aa-470mm), National Historic
Preservation Act (54 U.S.C. 300101 et seq.), Bald and
Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 668-668d),
Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C
animals, and their respective habitats. These laws,
including the Archaeological Resources Protection Act
of 1979 (16 U.S.C. 470aa-470mm), National Historic
Preservation Act (54 U.S.C. 300101 et seq.), Bald and
Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 668-668d),
Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et
seq.), Federal Cave Resources Protection Act of 1988
(16 U.S.C. 4301 et seq.), Federal Land Policy and
Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.),
Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 703-712), Native
American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1976
(25 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.), and Paleontological Resources
Preservation Act (16 U.S.C. 470aaa-470aaa-11),
authorize the BLM to limit and condition activities on
Federal lands for the protection of certain natural and
cultural resources, whether they are within or outside
a national monument.

For instance, the BLM manages more than 800,000 acres
of the Monument as Wilderness Study Areas, which the
BLM is required by law to manage so as not to impair
their suitability for future congressional designation
as Wilderness. As a result, many of the objects
previously designated as monuments by Proclamation
10286 are already adequately protected by Federal law
and do not require a reservation of land under the
Antiquities Act for protection.
impair
their suitability for future congressional designation
as Wilderness. As a result, many of the objects
previously designated as monuments by Proclamation
10286 are already adequately protected by Federal law
and do not require a reservation of land under the
Antiquities Act for protection.

The Monument reservation established by Proclamation
10286 is, therefore, not confined to the smallest area
compatible with the proper care and management of those
objects worthy of the Antiquity Act's protection.
Proper care and management can instead be provided to
those objects of historic and scientific interest by a
smaller and more appropriate reservation of
approximately 181,541 acres comprising two units: the
Canyons of the Escalante Unit and Kaiparowits Horizon
Unit. Revising the boundaries of the Monument in this
way will ensure that, in accordance with the
Antiquities Act, the reservation is the smallest area
compatible with the proper care and management of the
objects to be protected. Revising the Monument's
boundaries to encompass approximately 181,541 acres
will also account for practical limitations on the
BLM's land management resources and funding, ensuring
that these remain adequate to provide proper care and
management for the Monument now and in the future.
objects to be protected. Revising the Monument's
boundaries to encompass approximately 181,541 acres
will also account for practical limitations on the
BLM's land management resources and funding, ensuring
that these remain adequate to provide proper care and
management for the Monument now and in the future.

Revising the boundaries will better align the use of
these public lands with the public interest. The Grand
Staircase-Escalante region contains several resources
that are vital to our economic and national security.
These resources include several critical minerals, such
as chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese,
molybdenum, nickel, silver, thorium, titanium, uranium,
vanadium, zinc, and zirconium, create jobs, fuel
prosperity, and are essential to important sectors of
the economy of the United States, including

[[Page 45181]]

defense, manufacturing, and transportation. It is
imperative that the United States not be dependent on
foreign sources of these resources. Modifying the
Monument's boundaries will help ensure that adequate
domestic supplies exist, thereby reducing the threat
posed by our Nation's reliance on foreign sources.
defense, manufacturing, and transportation. It is
imperative that the United States not be dependent on
foreign sources of these resources. Modifying the
Monument's boundaries will help ensure that adequate
domestic supplies exist, thereby reducing the threat
posed by our Nation's reliance on foreign sources.

The approximately 172,641-acre Canyons of the Escalante
Unit contains the heart of the lands that remain within
the Monument. Carved by the Escalante River and its
tributaries, this area contains objects of historic or
scientific interest worthy of protection, including the
130-foot-tall Escalante Natural Bridge. This area also
boasts Calf Creek Canyon, a canyon of red alcoved walls
with expanses of white slickrock, and other canyons
along the Escalante River that contain a high density
of Fremont prehistoric sites, including pithouses,
villages, and storage cysts, as well as petroglyphs and
pictographs, such as the Hundred Hands pictograph
panel. The canyon of the Escalante River and its
tributary canyons contain one of the highest densities
of rock art sites in southwestern Utah outside of
Capitol Reef National Park, with sites dating from the
Archaic to the Historic periods. There are also
historic sites of interest in the area related to
grazing and ranching, along with the Boulder Mail
Trail, which was used to ferry mail between the small
desert outpost towns of Escalante and Boulder beginning
in 1902.
ark, with sites dating from the
Archaic to the Historic periods. There are also
historic sites of interest in the area related to
grazing and ranching, along with the Boulder Mail
Trail, which was used to ferry mail between the small
desert outpost towns of Escalante and Boulder beginning
in 1902.

Objects of historic and scientific interest can also be
found in the approximately 8,900-acre Kaiparowits
Horizon Unit. A recently discovered bonebed assemblage
has produced rare specimens of theropods, including one
of the most complete tyrannosaurid specimens in the
region and well-preserved remains of hadrosaurs,
turtles, and crocodilians. The site has provided
critical insights into the ancient ecosystems of the
Western Interior Seaway and the rich diversity of
dinosaurs, reptiles, and other vertebrates and is
considered a globally important paleontological
resource. Accordingly, the establishment of the
Kaiparowits Horizon Unit serves not only to properly
care for and manage this uniquely intact snapshot of
ancient biodiversity and environmental conditions, but
also to foster continued research, education, and
stewardship of a singular resource for the benefit of
future generations.
shment of the
Kaiparowits Horizon Unit serves not only to properly
care for and manage this uniquely intact snapshot of
ancient biodiversity and environmental conditions, but
also to foster continued research, education, and
stewardship of a singular resource for the benefit of
future generations.

Accordingly, the area described above and on the
accompanying map are the smallest area compatible with
the proper care and management of those objects
identified above, which I have determined in my
discretion warrant protection under the Antiquities
Act. This modification of Grand Staircase-Escalante
National Monument will maintain and protect those
objects and preserve the area's cultural, scientific,
and historic legacy.

WHEREAS, section 320301 of title 54, United States
Code, authorizes the President, in his discretion, to
declare by public proclamation historic landmarks,
historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects
of historic or scientific interest that are situated
upon the lands owned or controlled by the Federal
Government to be national monuments, and to reserve as
a part thereof parcels of land; and

WHEREAS, the Antiquities Act permits the President, in
the President's discretion, to alter a prior
declaration of a national monument, including by
finding that objects identified in the prior
declaration either are no longer deserving of the
Antiquities Act's protections, or never were; and
and

WHEREAS, the Antiquities Act permits the President, in
the President's discretion, to alter a prior
declaration of a national monument, including by
finding that objects identified in the prior
declaration either are no longer deserving of the
Antiquities Act's protections, or never were; and

WHEREAS, many of the items and resources identified by
Proclamation 10286 are not historic landmarks, historic
structures, or otherwise objects of historic or
scientific interest of national importance and,
therefore, should not have been declared to be national
monuments under the Antiquities Act; and

WHEREAS, many of the resources and objects designated
as monuments by Proclamation 10286 do not require a
reservation of land to protect them because they are
not unique to those areas, were not under threat of
damage or destruction before designation, or are
sufficiently protected by Federal law; and

[[Page 45182]]

WHEREAS, the reservation of land established by
Proclamation 10286 was not ``the smallest area
compatible with the proper care and management of the
objects to be protected;'' and

WHEREAS, given the greater budgetary and resource
constraints of the BLM than in 2017, the boundaries
established by Proclamations 9682 and 10286 encompass
areas too vast for the proper care and management of
the objects located therein; and
are and management of the
objects to be protected;'' and

WHEREAS, given the greater budgetary and resource
constraints of the BLM than in 2017, the boundaries
established by Proclamations 9682 and 10286 encompass
areas too vast for the proper care and management of
the objects located therein; and

WHEREAS, our Nation's need to reduce its reliance on
foreign sources of several resources vital to our
economic and national security, including resources
located within the Monument, is greater than it was in
2017, thereby necessitating the exclusion of lands that
were retained within the Monument by Proclamation 9682;
and

WHEREAS, it is in the public interest to modify the
boundaries of the Monument boundary to exclude
approximately 1.69 million acres of land that I find
are unnecessary for or disadvantageous to the proper
care and management of the objects to be protected
within the Monument; and

WHEREAS, I find that the boundaries of the Monument as
described above and on the accompanying map represent
the smallest area compatible with the proper care and
management of the objects of historic and scientific
interest identified above;
of the objects to be protected
within the Monument; and

WHEREAS, I find that the boundaries of the Monument as
described above and on the accompanying map represent
the smallest area compatible with the proper care and
management of the objects of historic and scientific
interest identified above;

NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the
United States of America, by the authority vested in me
by section 320301 of title 54, United States Code,
hereby proclaim that the boundaries of the Grand
Staircase-Escalante National Monument are hereby
modified to include those lands owned or controlled by
the Federal Government within the boundaries described
on the accompanying map, which is attached to and forms
a part of this proclamation. I hereby further proclaim
that the modified Monument areas identified on the
accompanying map shall be known as the Canyons and
Escalante Unit and the Kaiparowits Horizon Unit. These
reserved Federal lands encompass approximately 181,541
acres. The boundaries described on the accompanying map
are confined to the smallest area compatible with the
proper care and management of the objects to be
protected. Any lands reserved by Proclamations 6920,
9682, or 10286 not within the boundaries identified on
the accompanying map are hereby excluded from the
Monument.
ibed on the accompanying map
are confined to the smallest area compatible with the
proper care and management of the objects to be
protected. Any lands reserved by Proclamations 6920,
9682, or 10286 not within the boundaries identified on
the accompanying map are hereby excluded from the
Monument.

At 9:00 a.m., eastern daylight time, on the date that
is 60 days after the date of this proclamation, subject
to valid existing rights, the provisions of existing
withdrawals, and the requirements of applicable law,
the public lands excluded from the Monument reservation
shall be open to:

(1) entry, location, selection, sale, or other disposition under the public
land laws;

(2) disposition under all laws relating to mineral and geothermal leasing;
and

(3) location, entry, and patent under the mining laws.

Appropriation of lands under the mining laws before the
date and time of restoration is unauthorized. Any such
attempted appropriation, including attempted adverse
possession under 30 U.S.C. 38, shall vest no rights
against the United States. Acts required to establish a
location and to initiate a right of possession are
governed by State law, where not in conflict with
Federal law.

Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to
revoke, modify, or affect any withdrawal, reservation,
or appropriation, other than those set forth in
Proclamations 6920, 9862 and 10286.
ion and to initiate a right of possession are
governed by State law, where not in conflict with
Federal law.

Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to
revoke, modify, or affect any withdrawal, reservation,
or appropriation, other than those set forth in
Proclamations 6920, 9862 and 10286.

Nothing in this proclamation shall change the
management of the areas designated and reserved by
Proclamations 6920, 9682, and 10286 that remain part of
the Monument in accordance with the terms of this
proclamation, except as provided by the following nine
paragraphs:

[[Page 45183]]

For purposes of providing for the proper care and
management of the objects identified above and to
facilitate multiple uses that are consistent with the
care and management of those objects, the Secretary of
the Interior (Secretary) shall maintain a management
plan for the Monument and shall promulgate such
regulations for its management as he deems appropriate.
The Secretary, through the BLM, shall consult with
other Federal land management agencies or agency
components in the local area, including the National
Park Service, when developing any management plan. The
Secretary shall provide for public involvement in the
development of the management plan, including
consultation with federally recognized Tribes and State
and local governments
es or agency
components in the local area, including the National
Park Service, when developing any management plan. The
Secretary shall provide for public involvement in the
development of the management plan, including
consultation with federally recognized Tribes and State
and local governments. In developing and implementing
any management plan, the Secretary shall provide
opportunities, pursuant to applicable legal
authorities, for shared resources, operational
efficiency, and cooperation with other Federal land
management agencies, State and local governments, and
federally recognized Tribes. When preparing a
management plan for the Monument, the Secretary shall
take into account, to the maximum extent consistent
with the proper care and management of the objects
identified above, the importance of (1) providing
appropriate access for and otherwise facilitating
livestock grazing; (2) maintaining; and (3) improving
public access, including for recreation and hunting;
and providing educational experiences that reflect the
diversity of the Monument's natural and anthropogenic
features and their use throughout the region's history.
riate access for and otherwise facilitating
livestock grazing; (2) maintaining; and (3) improving
public access, including for recreation and hunting;
and providing educational experiences that reflect the
diversity of the Monument's natural and anthropogenic
features and their use throughout the region's history.

Nothing in this proclamation affects the designation,
maintenance, and improvement of existing roads and
trails within the Monument, which shall continue to be
governed by laws and regulations other than this
proclamation. The Secretary shall prepare a new
transportation plan that endeavors to maximize public
access in the Monument through the designation of roads
and trails on which motorized and non-motorized vehicle
use will be allowed as well as provide for appropriate
maintenance of those roads and trails. Pending
completion of that transportation plan, the Secretary
may allow motorized and non-motorized vehicle use on
roads and trails designated for use before the issuance
of Proclamation 6920 and shall maintain roads and
trails for such use.

The Secretary shall consider the effects of proposed
activities, including potential road closures, on
historic roads in the Monument, in accordance with the
regulations at 36 CFR Part 800, as appropriate.
e before the issuance
of Proclamation 6920 and shall maintain roads and
trails for such use.

The Secretary shall consider the effects of proposed
activities, including potential road closures, on
historic roads in the Monument, in accordance with the
regulations at 36 CFR Part 800, as appropriate.

Consistent with the proper care and management of the
objects identified above, the Secretary may authorize
ecological restoration and active vegetation management
activities in the Monument. When engaging in management
planning for the Monument, the Secretary shall consider
the full range of vegetation management tools,
including mechanical mastication, grazing, and new
vegetation management technology that becomes available
in the future. Additionally, because noxious weeds and
invasive plant species increase wildfire risks, the
Secretary may authorize the use of available
mechanical, natural, and chemical tools for controlling
the proliferation of noxious weed and invasive plant
species, and all treatment plans should be developed
and implemented in coordination with the Garfield and
Kane Counties Weed Boards. Livestock grazing should be
utilized as a primary option for mitigating noxious
weeds, as well as managing fuels and vegetation.
the proliferation of noxious weed and invasive plant
species, and all treatment plans should be developed
and implemented in coordination with the Garfield and
Kane Counties Weed Boards. Livestock grazing should be
utilized as a primary option for mitigating noxious
weeds, as well as managing fuels and vegetation.

In recognition of the enduring tradition of livestock
grazing in the Monument and its historical and cultural
significance to local communities, nothing in this
proclamation shall be deemed to affect authorizations
for livestock grazing, or administration thereof, on
Federal lands within the Monument. Livestock grazing
within the Monument shall continue to be governed by
the laws and regulations other than this Proclamation.

The Secretary shall endeavor to authorize traditional
land uses within the Monument, such as grazing,
recreation, timber management, public access, and
infrastructure development, to the greatest extent
possible, consistent with applicable law. Where
restrictions on proposed uses are necessary to comply
with applicable laws, such restrictions shall be
narrowly tailored.

[[Page 45184]]

The Secretary shall consider livestock grazing lands in
the Monument to constitute a traditional cultural place
(TCP) and shall consider how proposed activities will
impact that TCP in accordance with the regulation at 36
CFR Part 800, as appropriate.
ns shall be
narrowly tailored.

[[Page 45184]]

The Secretary shall consider livestock grazing lands in
the Monument to constitute a traditional cultural place
(TCP) and shall consider how proposed activities will
impact that TCP in accordance with the regulation at 36
CFR Part 800, as appropriate.

If any livestock grazing permits or leases within the
Monument are voluntarily relinquished by existing
holders, the Secretary shall, within 1 year, re-
allocate the relinquished forage, including by issuing
a new permit or lease for the relevant allotment, as
appropriate, unless the Secretary specifically finds
that such reallocation is inconsistent with the proper
care and management of the objects identified above.

If any provision of this proclamation, including its
application to a particular parcel of land, is held to
be invalid, the remainder of this proclamation shall
not be affected thereby. Furthermore, to the extent
that any provision of Proclamations 6920, 9682, or
10286 is inconsistent with or contradicts this
proclamation, the terms of this proclamation shall
govern.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this
thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord two
thousand twenty-six, and of the Independence of the
United States of America the two hundred and fifty-
first.

(Presidential Sig.)

Billing code 3395-F4-P

[[Page 45185]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TD17JY26.101

[FR Doc. 2026-14549
Filed 7-16-26; 11:15 am]
Billing code 4310-10-C
twenty-six, and of the Independence of the
United States of America the two hundred and fifty-
first.

(Presidential Sig.)

Billing code 3395-F4-P

[[Page 45185]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TD17JY26.101

[FR Doc. 2026-14549
Filed 7-16-26; 11:15 am]
Billing code 4310-10-C

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/statutes/EXEC_2026-14549. Check the current official text before relying on it. Not legal advice.