# HO-CHUNK NATION CODE (HCC)

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- **Document type:** Tribal code

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HO-CHUNK NATION CODE (HCC)
TITLE 3 – HEALTH AND SAFETY CODE
SECTION 7 – WATER UTILITY ORDINANCE
ENACTED BY LEGISLATURE: DECEMBER 7, 2005
LAST AMENDED: December 19, 2023
CITE AS: 3 HCC § 7
This Ordinance supersedes the Utilities Ordinance (HCC 98-006) adopted by Legislative
Resolution 11/03/98D.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter I - General Provisions
1. Authority ................................................... 2
2. Findings ..................................................... 2
3. Purpose ...................................................... 3
4. Declaration of Policy ................................ 3
5. Jurisdiction ................................................ 4
6. Interpretation ............................................. 4
7. Applicability ............................................. 4
8. Department Responsibility ........................ 4
9. Utility Responsibility ................................ 4
10. Liability ..................................................... 5
11. Definitions ................................................. 5
Chapter II - Regulations
12. Water Service ............................................ 9
13. Water Meters ............................................. 10
14. Cross Connection Control ......................... 12
15. Inspections and Meter Reading ................. 15
16. Other Rules and Regulations .................... 15
17. Prohibited Activities ................................. 16
18. Liability for Minors ................................... 16
Chapter III - Fluoridation
19. System Design Requirements ................... 16
20. Testing Requirements ............................... 18
21. Reporting ................................................... 19
22. System Maintenance ................................. 20
23. Safety Procedures ...................................... 20

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Chapter IV - Customer Relations and Enforcement
24. Payment of Bills ........................................ 23
25. Customer Complaints and Requests ......... 23
26. Enforcement .............................................. 24
27. Penalties .................................................... 24
28. Records ..................................................... 24
29. Reports ...................................................... 25
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. Authority.
a. Article V, Section 2(a) of the Constitution grants the Legislature the power to make laws,
including codes, ordinances, resolutions, and statutes.
b. Article V, Section 2(h) of the Constitution grants the Legislature the power to enact all
laws prohibiting and regulating conduct, and imposing penalties upon all persons within the
jurisdiction of the Nation.
c. Article V, Section 2(l) of the Constitution grants the Legislature the power to enact laws
to manage, lease, permit, or otherwise deal with the Nation’s lands, interests in lands or other
assets.
d. Article V, Section 2(o) of the Constitution grants the Legislature the power to enact laws
to regulate and zone any lands within the jurisdiction of the Ho-Chunk Nation.
e. Article V, Section 2(s) of the Constitution grants the Legislature the power to promote
public health, education, charity, and such other services as may contribute to the social
advancement of the members of the Ho-Chunk Nation.
f. Article V, Section 2(t) of the Constitution grants the Legislature the power to enact laws
governing law enforcement on lands within the jurisdiction of the Nation.
2. Findings.
a. It is in the best interest of the Nation to monitor the water usage of all customers so that
system planning, system repair and financial stability can be accomplished.
b. It is in the best interest of the Nation and its water system users to protect the systems
from the possibility of contamination or pollution by isolating within its internal distribution
system such contaminants or pollutants which could backflow or back-siphon into the public
water system.

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c. The value of community drinking water fluoridation, as a method for reducing tooth
decay, is well documented.
3. Purpose.
a. This Ordinance is enacted to monitor, regulate and protect the public potable water supply
served by the Ho-Chunk Nation Department of Health Utility Program.
b. It will provide for the maintenance of a continuing program of cross-connection control
which will effectively prevent the contamination or pollution of all potable water systems by
cross-connection. It will promote the elimination or control of existing cross-connections, actual
or potential, between its customer’s in-plant potable water systems and non-potable systems.
c. Because the Ho-Chunk Nation recognizes that any additive to the community water
systems has potential risks, this Ordinance will promote the safety necessary when using the
fluoridation process. The drinking water fluoridation process will be subject appropriate testing,
system monitoring and reporting.
4. Declaration of Policy.
a. It is the policy of the Nation to regulate and control the potable water systems owned by
the Nation through a mandatory and enforceable program to protect, promote, and preserve the
health and general welfare of the public. This shall include all community and non-community
water systems.
b. The Ho-Chunk Nation adopts the State of Wisconsin Plumbing Code, specifically
Wisconsin Administrative Code, Chapter Comm 81, Definitions and Standards,
Chapter
Comm 82, Design, Construction, Installation, Supervision and Inspection of Plumbing and
Chapter Comm 84, Plumbing Product as the code that shall govern all plumbing installation on
Ho-Chunk Nation property. This code applies to all plumbing projects on trust land and feesimple land owned by the Nation.
c. When Ho-Chunk Nation development occurs on fee-simple land, the laws developed by
the State of Wisconsin through its Department of Commerce and Department of Natural
Resources have jurisdiction.
d. The United States Department of Health and Human Services and the Center for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued standards for community water fluoridation entitled,
Engineering and Administrative Recommendations for Water Fluoridation, 1995 (EARWF). It is
the intent of this Ordinance to operate the Ho-Chunk Nation community water systems using
these recommendations whenever possible.
e. It is not intended by this Ordinance to repeal, abrogate, annul, impair or interfere with
existing Ho-Chunk law or adopted law. Whenever this Ordinance imposes greater restrictions,
the provisions of this Ordinance shall apply.

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5. Jurisdiction. The jurisdiction of this Ordinance shall include all lands held by the Nation or the
People, or by the United States for the benefit of the Nation or the People, and any additional lands
acquired by the Nation or by the United States for the benefit of the Nation or the People, including
but not limited to air, water, surface, subsurface, natural resources and any interest therein,
notwithstanding the issuance of any patent or right-of-way in fee or otherwise, by the governments
of the United States or the Ho-Chunk Nation, existing or in the future. In addition, it shall extend to
any and all tribal lands as defined herein and persons or activities therein.
6. Interpretation. Where a provision of this Ordinance correlates with Wisconsin Statutes or
with a standard in Wisconsin Administrative Code, and where the Ordinance provision is
unclear, the provision shall be interpreted in light of the current Wisconsin law in effect, as long
as consistent with Ho-Chunk Nation law.
7. Applicability.
a. This Ordinance shall apply to all homes, program buildings, enterprises and temporary
customers served by water from community and non-community water systems owned by the
Ho-Chunk Nation.
b. This Ordinance shall apply to any new installation of water systems, or the major
alteration of an existing water facility, undertaken after the effective date of this Ordinance.
While modernization of existing water facilities is not required, it is expected that facilities,
which do not meet the standards of this Ordinance will be made to comply at the earliest possible
time.
c. The rules and regulations of this Ordinance shall apply to every person, company, or
corporation who is utilizing Ho-Chunk Nation water utility services.
8. Department Responsibility.
a. The Department of Health, as the entity directly responsible for the operation and
maintenance of water utility services, is charged with the primary responsibility for
administering and enforcing the provisions of this Ordinance.
b. It shall be the responsibility of the Department of Health to have a certified water system
operator responsible for implementing the fluoridation provisions of this Ordinance on HoChunk Nation trust lands. For drinking water systems regulated by the State of Wisconsin that
are located on non-trust properties, the operator shall meet the certification requirements of the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources NR 114 Certified Operator Program.
9. Utility Responsibility.
a. It is expressly stipulated that no claim shall be made against the Ho-Chunk Nation, or the
Department of Health, by reason of breaking, clogging, stoppage, or freezing of any service pipe, or
from any damage from repairing mains, making connection or extensions or any other work that
may be deemed necessary. The Department of Health reserves the right to cut off service at any

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time for the purpose of repairs or any other necessary purpose, any regulation to the contrary
notwithstanding. Whenever it shall become necessary to shut off the water, the Department of
Health shall, if practicable, give notice to each and every consumer within the affected service area
of the time when such service will be shut off.
b. Utility Service Rates. The Legislature shall adopt standard rates for utility service charges
and revise said rates when deemed necessary, based on the recommendation of the Department of
Health.
c. Maintenance. All public water distribution system components within the jurisdiction of this
Ordinance up to the curb stop of the users premises will be maintained by the Department of Health
without expense to the property owner, except when they are damaged as a result of the negligence
or carelessness on the part of the user of the premises or business, in which case these components
and/or systems will be repaired at the expense of the property owner. Any fees for such repair will
be added on to the next regular billing invoice for service to the premises. Water service laterals,
being the piping from the curb stop to the home, must be maintained free of defective conditions, by
and at the expense of the owner or occupant of the property. All other water delivery piping within
the house shall be maintained in a manner which does not cause unreasonable water loss. Owner or
occupant failure to diligently repair leaks to the water service laterals or piping within the house,
which are determined to cause unreasonable water loss to the public water distribution system will
result in discontinuance of water service until the owner makes the necessary repairs. A failure by
the owner or occupant to make the necessary repairs within a reasonable time will authorize the
Department of Health to seek an order of the Trial Court evicting the occupant(s) of the premises
and/or authorizing the Department of Health to make the repairs and collect the cost of same as a
debt to the Nation. In the event such repairs are called for, all costs of labor, materials, and other
necessary and reasonable costs will be charged to the owner and/or occupant of the premises. No
offsets of lost income or additional costs to either the owner or occupant of the premises will be
allowed as a result of the Department of Health having to gain such an order from the Trial Court.
10. Liability. The Nation shall not be liable for any damages resulting from stoppage of the
supply or flow of water as the result of breaks in any mains, service pipes, or fixtures, or by
reason of the breaking of machinery or stoppage for necessary repair, or any other interruption of
service.
11. Definitions. For the purposes of this Ordinance, the following definitions shall apply:
a. “Backflow” means the flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances, under
positive or reduced pressure in the distribution pipes of a potable water supply from any source
other than its intended source.
b. “Backflow Prevention Device” means a device or means designed to prevent backflow or
back-siphonage. Most commonly categorized as air gap, reduced pressure principle device,
double check valve assembly, pressure vacuum breaker, atmospheric vacuum breaker, hose bib
vacuum breaker, residential dual check, double check with intermediate atmospheric vent, and
barometric loop.

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c. "Complaint" means a person's grievance regarding a decision made by the Department of
Health.
d. “Community Water System” means a public water system that serves at least 15 service
connections used by year-round residents or regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents.
Any public water system serving 7 or more homes, 10 or more mobile homes, 10 or more
apartment units, or 10 or more condominium units shall be considered a community water
system unless information is available to indicate that 25 year-round residents will not be served.
e. “Contaminant” means a substance that will impair the quality of the water to a degree that
it creates a serious health hazard to the public leading to poisoning or the spread of disease.
f. “Cross-Connection” means any actual or potential connection between the public water
supply and a source of contamination or pollution.
g. “Enterprise” means a connection to the Community Water System that is a business
entity.
h. “High Hazard Situation” means a current or potential risk of a cross connection or
backflow situation that could cause serious sickness or death to users of the water from the
system.
i. “Homes” mean all places of residence including, but not limited to houses and trailers
connected to the Community Water Systems.
j. “Hose Bib Vacuum Breaker” means a device that is permanently attached to a hose bib
and which acts as an atmospheric vacuum breaker.
k. “Low Hazard Situation” means a current or potential risk of a cross connection or
backflow situation that would not cause serious sickness or death to users of the water from the
system.
l. "Major Alteration" means any repair, addition, or improvement to a water facility costing
in excess of $100.00 for a dwelling and $2,000.00 for a non-dwelling unit.
m. “Meter or Water Meter” means a device used to measure the amount of water used by a
customer of the Community Water System.
n. “Nation” means the Ho-Chunk Nation.
o. “Non-Community Water System” means a public water system that serves non-residential
customers and includes Transient Non-community (TNC) water systems and Non-transient Noncommunity (NTNC) water systems.

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p. “Non-Transient Non-Community Water System” means a public water system that serves
non-residential consumers (transient), but it serves the same 25 or more people at least 6 months
out of the year.
q. “Operator or Water Operator” means a staff person employed by the Department of
Health whose sole responsibility is to operate the Potable Water Systems.
r. “Owner” means any person who has legal title to, or license to operate or habitat in, a
property upon which a cross-connection inspection is to be made or upon which a crossconnection is present.
s. “Person” means any individual, partnership, company, public or private corporation,
political subdivision or agency of the Nation or any other legal entity.
t. "Plumbing Code” means the plumbing regulations found in Chapters 81, 82, and 84 of the
Wisconsin Department of Commerce Code.
u. “Pollutant” means a foreign substance, that if permitted to get into the public water
system, will degrade its quality so as to constitute a moderate hazard, or impair the usefulness or
quality of the water to a degree which does not create an actual hazard to the public health but
which does adversely and unreasonably effect such water for domestic use.
v. “Potable Water System” means a water system providing water intended for consumption
by humans.
w. “Program Buildings” means all connections to the Community Water System that house
in part or in total a program of the Ho-Chunk Nation such as educational facility, community
center, feeding site or recreational facility.
x. “Public Water System” means any water system that serves at least 25 persons at least 60
days per year.
y. "Request" means an individual requesting service such as repairs or connections.
z. “Serve” means having water available for people to drink.
aa. “Transient Non-community Water System” means a public water system that serves
transient non-residential consumers. This type of system serves at least 25 persons a day for at
least 60 days per year, but those served change from day to day.
bb. "Tribal Lands" mean all lands to which title thereto is held by the Nation, or for the
benefit of the Nation, and any lands held in the name of one or more Tribal member(s) to which
water utility service is provided by the Nation.
cc. “User” means the entity using the Nation’s property or the person or entity that owns the
property and is using the water supplied by the community water systems.

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dd. "Utility" means public water systems, including wells, reservoirs, pumping equipment,
water treatment systems, distribution mains, buildings and appurtenances; all vehicles,
equipment, tools, structures, buildings, sites, easements, rights of way and all things necessary
for the operation and maintenance of services provided.
CHAPTER II
REGULATIONS
12. Water Service.
a. Whenever running water is supplied to a building after enactment of this Ordinance,
connection shall be made, whenever possible, to a public water system which has been inspected
and approved by the Department of Health . Where an approved public water system is not
available an individual water system (well) shall be acceptable, providing that system has been
tested and approved as safe and sanitary by either the Department of Health.
b. Application for Service.
(1) Every person requesting the utility service shall file an application in writing to the
Department of Health in such form as is prescribed for that purpose. Such applications shall be
available from the Department of Health. The application must specify the service requested in
order to provide adequate service. Any approved applicant will have a meter installed at the
applicant’s residence or place of business.
(2) If the applicant is not the owner of the premises, the written consent of the owner must
accompany the application.
(3) The Department of Health shall require each consumer to pay a non-refundable new
user/new connection fee prior to service beginning.
c. Installations and Alterations.
(1) Installations and major alterations of a public water system shall be undertaken only by
a State of Wisconsin-licensed or duly qualified plumber, shall be executed in a safe, neat and
workmanlike manner, and shall meet the material and installation standards of this Ordinance. All
work shall have an approved design, meet the specifications of and be installed in accordance with
the standards established in Standard Specifications for Sewer and Water Construction in
Wisconsin.
(2) The Department of Health shall be responsible for design approval. All contractors
must provide notification to the Department of Health prior to starting a construction project on a
public water system.
d. Materials. The materials used shall be new and durable. The size of the pipe shall be
adequate in relation to the fixture served.

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e. Exterior Water Lines. Water service line may be laid in solid ground, below the frost
line. Water service line may be laid in same trench as sewer line, providing water line is not less
than one foot higher than sewer line and laid to one side on a solid ledge of ground.
f. Maintenance.
(1) All public water distribution systems components subject to this ordinance shall be
maintained in a safe and sanitary condition by the Department of Health.
(2) All users shall keep their lateral water service pipes in good repair and protected from
frost, at their own risk and expense, and shall prevent any unnecessary waste of water.
(3) Every user shall permit the Department of Health, or the its duly authorized agent, at all
reasonable hours of the day, to enter their premises or building to examine the water system pipes
and fixtures, and/or the manner in which the water is being used within the home or business when
the Department of Health has reason to believe repairs are necessary or that a violation of this
Ordinance has occurred or is continuing. If the user is not present and the Department of Health, or
its duly authorized agent, has attempted to make contact with the user, but is unsuccessful, and the
Department of Health deems it necessary to enter a premises while the user is not present, a notice
shall be left at the premises informing the user that the Department of Health, or its duly authorized
agent, had entered the premises or building at the specified date and time.
13. Water Meters.
a. Control and Regulation. The Nation shall exclusively own and control the water meters to
be used in the water system. All water meters shall be installed in accordance with the following
regulations:
(1) Meters shall be required for every connection to the community water system.
(2) The Department of Health shall furnish and install all meters for services of one (1)
inch or less in diameter.
(3) For all connections larger than one (1) inch, the meter shall be supplied by the
program or enterprise requiring the connection and will be installed by the program or enterprise
under the guidance of the Water Operator.
(4) No person not authorized by the Department of Health shall connect, disconnect, take
apart, or in any manner change or interfere with any such meter or its use.
(5) It shall be unlawful for anyone to misread or to tamper with any meter so as to avoid
charges for water.

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(6) It shall be unlawful for anyone to bypass a meter, or otherwise use the Nation’s water
without making just compensation except as may be specifically authorized by the Department
of Health.
(7) The service pipe from the water main to the stop box, and the stop box and cover at
the main and boulevard are the property of the Ho-Chunk Nation and all persons are forbidden to
interfere with them.
(8) The service pipe from the stop box to the meter and the connections thereto shall be
the property of the user. The pipe must be protected and maintained by the user. In the event
such user shall fail to make any necessary repairs to such service connections or pipe within
twenty-four (24) hours after being notified to do so by the Water Operator, the Water Operator
shall disconnect the water from the premises and proceed with the repair of the service. The cost
of repair will be the responsibility of the user. If any meters are damaged by freezing, hot water,
etc., either by carelessness or neglect of the owner or occupant of the premises or other agents,
the owner or occupants must pay for the repairs of such damages. The cost of ordinary
maintenance and repairs of all meters owned by the Nation shall be borne by the Nation.
b. Installation. The installation of the meter shall be installed as follows:
(1) The service line pipe from the water main to the meter shall be 1 inch polyethylene
for residential connections, unless otherwise directed by the Water Operator. The service line
pipe for other connections shall be determined by the usage requirements of the system and made
of a material approved by the Water Operator.
(2) The service pipe from the water main to the meter shall be brought through the floor
in a vertical position where the pipe enters the building. The stop and waste valve shall be a
minimum of 12 inches above the floor.
(3) The meter shall be so located that the bottom is from twelve to eighteen inches above
the finished floor line. The meter shall not be set more than twelve inches, measured
horizontally, from the inside line of the basement wall. Deviation from these standards may be
made only with written permission of the Water Operator. An approved yoke or horn shall be
provided to support the meter in the proper vertical position. Meters larger than one inch shall be
set on a pedestal.
(4) Each meter installation shall have a stop and waste valve on the street side of the
meter. In no case shall more than 12 inches of pipe be exposed between the point of entrance
through the basement floor and the stop and waste valve. A stop and waste valve shall also be
installed on the house side of the meter.
(5) The water service connecting with the main shall not be run within any structure or
under any basement floor for a distance of more than two feet, measured from the inside
foundation wall, before being connected to the water meter.

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(6) The consumer is prohibited from obstructing the meter so as to prohibit the reading,
or repairing of the meter.
(7) Curb stop boxes shall generally be installed where desired by the owners of occupied
properties, but they shall be placed as near as possible to the curb if on a street or within the road
easement.
c. Complaints and Meter Testing.
(1) When a consumer complains that the bill for any past service period is excessive, the
Department of Health shall have the meter re-read on request. If the consumer remains
dissatisfied, he/she may, on written request, have the meter tested. If the test shows an error in
Department of Health’s favor exceeding five percent of the water consumed, an accurate meter
shall be installed, and the bill shall be adjusted accordingly. Such adjustment shall not extend
back more than one billing period from the date of the written request.
(2) When the Department of Health is concerned about the accuracy of the meter, the
Department of Health shall have the meter inspected at the expense of the Department of Health.
If the test shows an error in the customer’s favor exceeding five percent of the water consumed,
the meter shall be repaired or an accurate meter shall be installed, and the bill shall be adjusted
accordingly. Such adjustment shall not extend back more than one billing period from the date
of the meter inspection.
(3) The expense of meter replacement or repair shall be the responsibility of the
Department of Health.
14. Cross Connection Control. The provisions of this section set forth the requirements for the
protection of the Nation’s potable water within water supply systems when and where there is
the possibility of contamination due to cross connections or backflow conditions and this shall be
called a Cross Connection Program.
a. Control and Regulation.
(1) The Department of Health shall operate a cross-connection control program, to
include the keeping of necessary records, which fulfills the requirements of this Section, known
as the Nation’s Cross-Connection Program .
(2) The Owner of buildings connected to the water system shall allow the property to be
inspected for possible cross-connections and backflow conditions and shall follow the provisions
of the Department of Health program and install the required protection if a cross-connection is
to be permitted.
(3) Backflow prevention devices have the following controls:
(a) All residential backflow prevention devices shall be the property of the Utility
Program and shall be maintained by it.

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(b) All non-residential backflow devices larger than a one-inch double check valve at
the entrance to the facility and within the facility shall be owned by the facility where they are
installed and shall be maintained and inspected at the owner’s expense. All replacement devices
will be at the owner’s expense.
(c) All backflow prevention devices shall remain accessible to Utility Program
personnel and no person shall obstruct or tamper with any device.
(d) Any obstruction or tampering shall be a violation of this Ordinance and subject
the violator to actual damages and civil penalties under this Ordinance. The assignee of the
property on which the device is located shall be responsible for all damage to the device.
(e) If the Department of Health determines at any time that a serious threat to the
public health exists, the water service will be terminated immediately.
(f) The Department of Health is authorized and directed to discontinue water service
after reasonable notice to any property wherein any connection in violation of this Ordinance
exists, and to take such precautionary measures deemed necessary to eliminate any danger of
contamination of the community water system supply. Water service to such property shall not
be restored until the cross connection(s) has been eliminated in compliance with the provisions
of this Ordinance.
b. Requirements.
(1) All facilities/structures that are connected to the community water system are
required to install a backflow prevention device. All backflow prevention devices shall be
installed in accordance with the requirements of the Utility Program in such locations as
determined by the Utility Program.
(a) All devices, assemblies and mechanisms intended to protect potable water
supplies relative to cross connection or backflow shall be of a type recognized and approved in
accordance with the Wisconsin Administrative Code Commerce Chapter 84.
(b) All residential backflow prevention devices shall be installed immediately after
the meter.
(c) All non-residential backflow prevention devices shall be installed immediately
after the meter and at any other location that could potentially be a cross-connection concern as
determined by the State of Wisconsin Plumbing Code.
(d) The Department of Health shall not allow any cross-connection to remain unless
it is protected by an approved backflow prevention device for which a permit has been issued
and which will be regularly tested to insure satisfactory operation.
(e) The Owner shall be responsible for the elimination or protection of all crossconnections on the premises.

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(f) The Owner shall inform the Department of Health of any proposed or modified
cross-connections and also any existing cross-connections of which the Owner is aware, but has
not been found by the Department of Health.
(g) The Owner of a non-residential facility shall correct any malfunction of the
backflow prevention device that is revealed by periodic testing.
(2) Water supply systems and the connection of each plumbing fixture, piece of
equipment, appliance or non-potable water piping system shall be designed, installed and
maintained in such a manner to prevent the contamination of water supplies by means of cross
connections.
(3) Any existing backflow prevention device shall be allowed by the Department of
Health to continue in service unless the degree of hazard is such as to exceed the effectiveness of
the present device or result in an unreasonable risk to the public health.
(4) Any change of use or remodeling of a facility will require the backflow prevention
devices in the facility to be upgraded to meet the requirements of the new facility.
(5) All existing facilities will be inspected by the Department of Health within six (6)
months of the approval of this Ordinance and any changes required to meet the backflow
prevention provisions of this Code must be completed within 30 days of the notification.
(6) The owner of a new facility shall provide the Department of Health notification of
the intent to connect to the community water system and provide an on-site evaluation and/or
inspection of the plans in order to determine the type of backflow prevention device that will be
required.
(7) The owner of a new facility and/or the contractor responsible for the construction of
the facility shall notify the Department of Health of the construction schedule so that the Water
Operator can inspect the type and installation of the backflow prevention devices being installed.
c. Testing.
(1) All residential backflow prevention devices shall be tested as needed by the
Department of Health and all repairs and replacements shall be the responsibility of the
Department of Health.
(2) All non-residential backflow prevention devices shall be tested annually. If the
device is in a water system that is under State of Wisconsin jurisdiction, the frequency shall be
based on Wisconsin Codes. This testing will be done at the owner’s expense. All test results
shall be forwarded to the Department of Health.

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(3) Any non-residential backflow prevention device that fails during a periodic test will
be repaired or replaced at the owner’s expense. Upon completion of the repair, the device will
be re-tested at the owner’s expense to insure correct operation.
(a) High hazard situations will not be allowed to continue unprotected if the
backflow prevention device fails the test and cannot be repaired immediately. Parallel
installation of two (2) devices is a recommended means of the owner insuring that uninterrupted
water service is maintained.
(b) In low hazard situations the compliance must be attained within 30 days after the
test date.
(4) Repeated failures in the same location will require that the testing be done more
frequently if the Water Operator determines that there is an increased risk for contamination.
The Water Operator will determine the new test requirements. This increased testing will be
done at the owner’s expense.
(5) Only individuals and companies approved by the Department of Health and/or the
Wisconsin Department of Commerce shall be qualified to perform such testing. This
certification shall accompany the results of the testing.
15. Inspections and Meter Reading. Authorized meter readers shall have free access at
reasonable hours of the day to all parts of every building and premises connected with the
Nation’s water supply system in order to read meters and make inspections.
16. Other Rules and Regulations.
a. Vacating of Premises and Discontinuance of Service. Whenever premises served by the
Department of Health are vacated, or whenever any person desires to discontinue utility services,
the Department of Health must be notified in writing. The owner or occupant of the premises shall
be liable for any damages to the utility(s) by reason of failure to notify the Department of Health of
the discontinuation of utility service(s).
b. Property Rights. The private property of each user shall not be subject to utility debts in any
amount or to any extent whatever, except for per capita payments to the extent authorized by the
Nation’s Per Capita Distribution Ordinance (2 HCC § 12). Debts owed under this Ordinance are
deemed debts to the Nation.
17. Prohibited Activities.
a. No person other than authorized personnel from the Department of Health are allowed to
operate curb stops.
b. No user shall allow others to connect to the water distribution system through his lateral or
other plumbing connections on his premises.

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18. Liability for Minors. Parents are as responsible for the acts of their minor children as if the
parents committed the acts themselves.
CHAPTER III
FLUORIDATION
19. System Design Requirements.
a. General. The following equipment design requirements shall apply to all new community
drinking water systems that will have additional Fluoride added to the water. Paragraphs (1) and
(2), below, must be incorporated within 60 days of approval of this Ordinance on all current
community drinking water systems adding Fluoride to the drinking water.
(1) The fluoride chemical pump must be installed so that it cannot operate unless water is
being pumped into the system past the injector.
(2) It must be made physically impossible to plug the fluoride-metering pump into any
standard continuously energized (hot) electrical outlet. The fluoride metering pump, the flow
switch, and the water pump control circuit must be connected in series along with a parallel
circuit containing an adjustable timer and holding circuit with both of the later two items
connected in series with each other. It is the intent of this description to have the twist lock
design electrical outlet into which the fluoride-metering pump is plugged and energized only
when there is flow from the water pump. If two water pumps are normally pumping together
when water production is requested, each water pump shall have a flow switch and both flow
switches shall have to be closed before the outlet that energizes the fluoride-metering pump is
energized.
(3) All the water to be treated must pass the fluoride injection point.
(4) The fluoride injection point in a water line should be located in the lower one-third of
the pipe, and the end of the injection line should extend into the pipe approximately one third of
the pipe’s diameter.
(5) A corporation style stop valve shall be connected into the water production pipe at
the fluoride injection point. A stainless steel safety chain or cable shall be installed connecting
the injector assembly to the corporation stop to protect the water plant operator and water plant
from a possible blowout of the injector assembly.
(6) Two diaphragm-type, antisiphon devices shall be installed in the discharge line
coming from the fluoride-metering pump. The antisiphon device should have a diaphragm that
is spring-loaded in the closed position. These devices should be located at the fluoride injection
point and at the metering pump head on the discharge side.
(7) The fluoride metering pump should be located on a shelf not more than 4 feet (1.2 m)
higher than the lowest normal level of liquid in the solution container.

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(8) For safety, fluoride-metering pumps should be sized to feed not more than 1.0 mg/L
fluoride in the water near the stroke and speed settings that are equal to 50% of the metering
pump total capacity (49% of capacity of an electronic chemical pump is achieved at speed and
stroke settings of 70).
(9) The priming switch on the metering pump should be spring-loaded to prevent the
pump from being started erroneously with the switch in the priming position.
(10) No customer shall be allowed to connect to the finished water line within 100 feet
(30.5 m) of the fluoride injection point without the installation of an in-line mixer, small mixing
tank or storage tank within that 100 feet.
(11) A master meter must be on the main water service line so that calculations can be
made to confirm that the proper amounts of fluoride solution are being fed.
(12) The fluoride feed lines must be clearly identified by some means and the direction
of flow indicated on the lines. If a color code is used, it should be light blue with red bands.
(13) All hose connections within reach of the fluoride feed equipment should be
provided with a hose bib vacuum breaker.
(14) All fluoride chemicals must conform to the appropriate American Water Works
Association (AWWA) standards (B-701). It is recommended that a one year supply of fluoride
chemical be maintained to minimize the effect of a possible fluoride chemical shortage.
(15) Cross-connection controls that conform to this Ordinance must be provided.
b. Injection Systems. The following injection systems are approved for installation in HoChunk Nation community water systems.
(1) Sodium Fluoride Saturator System.
(a) When using this system, the installation shall be installed using the guidelines
developed by the CDC as referenced in paragraph 4d.
(b) Unsaturated (batch-mixed) sodium fluoride solution shall not be used in water
fluoridation. Soften water used in the saturator to less than 4 grains hardness.
(c) Only granular sodium fluoride should be used in saturators for operator safety and
to prevent plugging the saturators.
(2) Fluorosilicic Acid Systems.
(a) When using this system, the installation shall be installed using the guidelines
developed by the CDC as referenced in paragraph 4d.

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(b) The fluorosilicic acid (hydrofluosilicic acid) used in this system must not be
diluted to reduce the hazard to the water plant operator.
(c) No more than a 7-day supply of fluorosilicic acid shall be connected at any time
to the suction side of the chemical feed pump.
(d) Acid supply tanks to the feed pumps must be located on scales.
(e) Any bulk storage tanks for acid must be in accordance with Ho-Chunk, Federal
and/or state law.
20. Testing Requirements.
a. Equipment.
(1) All testing shall be done using an ion electrode method for fluoride analysis.
(2) A magnetic stirrer shall be used in conjunction with the ion electrode method.
(3) The colorimetric method (SPADNS) of fluoride analysis shall not be used for any
required testing.
b. Frequency.
(1) Water system personnel must monitor fluoride levels in each water distribution
system at least five (5) days per week. On systems that are inspected daily, the fluoride levels
must be inspected daily. Samples that will reflect the actual level of fluoride in the water system
should be taken at points throughout the water system.
(2) A testing plan shall be developed for each system so that each portion of the system
is tested within 30 days.
c. Split Sampling.
(1) At least once each quarter, a sample from each water distribution system where
fluoride is injected shall be divided with one portion analyzed for fluoride by water system
personnel and the other portion analyzed by an EPA approved laboratory. The results of the split
sample should be within 20% of the value of the EPA approved laboratory. Variations beyond
this should be investigated for consistency with previous deviations, condition of electrode,
quality of mixing, and method of sampling.
d. Calculated Dosage. Water system personnel must calculate the fluoride levels in each
water distribution system at least five (5) days per week. On systems that are inspected daily, the
fluoride levels must be calculated daily. This is done using the weight of fluoride injected
compared to the volume of water pumped since the last measurement.

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Calculated Dosage (mg/L) = fluoride fed (lbs) x AFI x chemical purity
Actual production (MG) x 8.34 lbs/gal
(Where AFI is the Available Fluoride Ion Concentration)

e. Acceptable Range of Fluoride Levels. The optimal range for fluoride levels in the HoChunk Community Water Systems is 1.1 ppm to 1.5 ppm. When a test result is at or near the top
end of the analyzer scale, the water sample must be diluted and retested to ensure that high
fluoride levels are accurately measured. Immediate action must be taken if the fluoride level
exceeds this range. Table 1 indicates the required action for any overfeeds. Table 2 provides the
recommended optimal fluoride levels based on the annual average of maximum daily air
temperatures.
f. Source Water Testing. The source water from each well located in a community water
system injecting fluoride shall be tested on an annual basis with the sample to be taken before the
injection point. The testing shall be completed by an EPA approved laboratory. This value shall
be used to adjust the dosage of fluoride added to the system.
21. Reporting.
a. The operator shall keep a daily logbook at each system injecting fluoride of all fluoride
test results noting the date, test results and location in the system. The logbook shall include the
date, place, time of sampling and the name of the person who collected the sample.
b. The operator shall keep a daily logbook at each system injecting fluoride of all calculated
test results including the amount of fluoride used, make-up water used, and the pumping records.
The logbook shall include the date, place, time of sampling and the name of the person who
collected the sample.
c. The operator shall record the split sample results on a quarterly basis and maintain a file
of test results and comparisons.
d. A summary of all fluoride test results including split sample test results shall be done on a
monthly basis and submitted to the Division of Environmental Health.
e. Any community water system that is under the jurisdiction of the State of Wisconsin must
submit reports as required by the State.
f. The summary of all fluoride test results should be made available to other Ho-Chunk
departments if requested.
g. The test record file shall be maintained for a period of not less than two years.
22. System Maintenance.
a. Operation and Maintenance schedules (O&M) must be established to maintain the
equipment. See Table 3 for recommended maintenance.
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b. Fluoride feed equipment, controls, safety equipment and plan, storage area, testing
equipment, accessory equipment, and other appurtenances must be inspected annually.
c. All antisiphon devices must be dismantled and visually inspected at least once a year.
23. Safety Procedures.
a. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is required when fluoride compounds are
handled or when maintenance on fluoridation equipment is performed. See Personal Protective
Equipment, Occupational Safety and Health Program Act (6 HCC § 8-7).
b. An on-site emergency plan must be established and maintained for each water system
injecting fluoride and should be based on the type of fluoride used. This plan must include
public notification procedures based on Table 1.
c. Fluorosilicic Acid System.
(1) The operator shall wear the following PPE:
(a) Gauntlet neoprene gloves with cuffs, which should be a minimum length of 12
inches (30.5 cm);
(b) Full face shield and splash-proof safety goggles; and
(c) Heavy-duty, acid-proof neoprene apron or acid-proof clothing and shoes.
(2) A safety shower and an eye wash station utilizing tempered water must be available
and easily accessible. The existing pumphouse in Mission Village is exempt from this
requirement until a new pumphouse can be constructed that replaces this pumphouse. All
current pumphouses are exempt from the tempered water requirement, but must have the safety
shower and eye wash station.
d. Sodium Fluoride System (Saturator System).
(1) The operator shall wear the following PPE:
(a) A National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)/Mine Safety
and Health Administration (MSHA) approved, N-series particulate respirator (i.e. chemical
mask) with a soft rubber face-to-mask seal and replaceable cartridges.
(b) Splash-proof safety goggles;
(c) Gauntlet neoprene gloves with cuffs, which should be a minimum length of 12
inches (30.5 cm); and

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(d) Heavy-duty, acid-proof neoprene apron.
(2) A safety shower and an eye wash station utilizing tempered water is an option for
pumphouses using this method of fluoride mixing. The use of other chemicals in the pumphouse
may change this requirement.
Table 1. Recommended Fluoride Overfeed Actions for Community Water Systems
Source: U.S. Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control, Engineering and
Administrative Recommendations for Water Fluoridation, 1995.
Fluoride Level
0.1 mg/L above control range to 2.0
mg/L
2.1 mg/L to 4.0 mg/L

4.1 mg/L to 10.0 mg/L

10.1 mg/L or Greater

Actions Recommended
1. Leave the fluoridation system on.
2. Determine malfunction and repair.
1. Leave the fluoridation system on.
2. Determine malfunction and repair.
3. Notify supervisor and report the incident to the
Office of Environmental Health.
1. Determine malfunction and immediately attempt
to repair.
2. If the problem is not found and corrected quickly
(within 1 hour), turn off the fluoridation system.
Notify supervisor and report the incident to the
Office of Environmental Health.
3. Take water samples at several points in the
distribution system and test the fluoride content. 4.
Retest if results are still high.
5. Determine malfunction and repair. Then, with the
supervisor’s permission, restart the fluoridation
system.
1. Turn off the fluoridation system immediately.
2. Notify supervisor and report the incident to the
Office of Environmental Health and follow their
instructions.
3. Take water samples at several points in the
distribution system and test the fluoride content.
Retest if results are still high. Save part of each
sample for an EPA approved laboratory to test.
4. Determine malfunction and repair. Then, with the
supervisor and Office of Environmental Health’s
permission, restart the fluoridation system.

Table 2: Recommended Optimal Fluoride Levels for Community Public Water Supply
Systems
Source: U.S. Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control, Engineering and
Administrative Recommendations for Water Fluoridation, 1995.
Annual average of maximum
daily
air temperatures
F
50.0-53.7

C
10.0-12.0

Recommended
Fluoride
Concentrations
(mg/L)
1.2

20

Recommended control range
(mg/L) 0.1-0.5

Subtract 0.1
1.1

Add 0.5
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53.8-58.3
58.4-63.8
63.9-70.6
70.7-79.2
79.3-90.5

12.1-14.6
14.7-17.7
17.8-21.4
21.5-26.2
26.3-32.5

1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7

1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6

1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2

Table 3: Recommended Maintenance Plan
Source: U.S. Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control, Water Fluoridation: A
Manual for Water Plant Operators, April 1994, p.88.
Equipment
Metering Pump

Saturator

Dry Feeders

Anti-Siphon
Injection Nozzle

Maintenance Work
1. Disassemble pump and replace worn parts.
2. Change gear oil (except electronic). Keep
spare parts on hand for liquid ends.
1. Drain, disassemble, and clean. Remove
and reuse saturated sodium fluoride
2. Disassemble and clean precipitates from
foot valve or suction strainer, discharge
and injection lines, injection nozzle.
3. Disassemble and replace worn parts of the
siphon breaker
1. Thoroughly clean
2. Check for worn gears, parts, etc.
3. Lubricate and change gear oil
1. Disassemble and replace worn parts.
1. Disassemble and clean

Time
1. Once a year
2. After first 2 to 4 weeks,
then every 6 months.
1. Annually (or more often
with heavy use)
2. Every 6 months. Do more
often if plugging becomes
a problem.
3. Every 6 months
1. Annually
2. Annually
3. Annually
1. Annually
1. Annually

CHAPTER IV
CUSTOMER RELATIONS AND ENFORCEMENT
24. Payment of Bills.
a. Reasonable care will be exercised in the proper delivery of utility bills. Failure to receive a
utility bill, however, shall not relieve any person of the responsibility for payment of rates within the
prescribed period, nor exempt any person from any penalty imposed for delinquency in the payment
thereof.
b. Billing. The property owner or occupant shall be held responsible for all utility bills on
premises that s/he owns or occupies. All utility bills and notices of any nature relative to the utility
services will be addressed to the owner or occupant and mailed or delivered to the premises referred
to on such bill or notice each month. Such bills shall be due and payable to the Department of
Health before the end of the month in which the bill is rendered.
c. Default on Utility Bill. If a customer defaults on payment for utility services, the Department
of Health may:
(1) Impose a late fee, as established by Legislature.

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(2) Terminate utility service, no earlier than 15 days after notice is given to the customer by
the Department of Health.
(3) Take any other action necessary to collect such payments. Any amount of money due
and owing for payment of utility services found to be in default of the user's obligation to make
timely payment for such services, as well as any reasonable costs associated with the collection of
the amount in default, shall be considered a debt to the Ho-Chunk Nation.
d. Discontinuation of Services. When utility services have been discontinued due to default, the
Department of Health may restore said utility services at its discretion. The Department of Health
shall establish rates for any such reconnection.
25. Customer Complaints and Requests.
a. All complaints regarding decisions made by the Department of Health shall be filed in
writing with the Executive Director of Health requesting full review by the Department of Health
Board of Directors.
b. All requests for repairs or connections shall be made directly to the Department of Health.
26. Enforcement.
a. The Department of Health is hereby authorized to issue a citation for violation of this
Ordinance to either the owner or occupant of the premises. The citation shall specifically state the
violation and penalty. Any citation so issued is to be referred to the Ho-Chunk Nation Department
of Justice for prosecution.
b. Any fines imposed as penalties, and any costs associated with such prosecutions, may be
collected by any means available in law. The Court may also issue other orders deemed
necessary to abate the problem giving rise to the violation. Failure to comply with any other
order of the Trial Court may be punishable as contempt.
27. Penalties. The following penalties may be assessed singly or in combination:
a. A person who violates any provision of this Ordinance shall forfeit not less than $25.00.
b. A person who repeatedly violates provisions of this Ordinance may be ordered to post a bond
of at least $50.00 against future violations.
c. Any or all utility services provided by the Nation, including water, sewer, or other service
may be terminated for a violation of any provision of this Ordinance or for a failure to pay any
forfeiture assessed for any violation.
d. A person who violates any provision of this Ordinance may be required to do community
service work.

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e. Restrictive conditions may be placed on future utility service.
28. Records. The Department of Health will initiate and maintain the following:
a. Master files on cross connections and cross-connection devices installed in facilities
connected to the public water systems.
b. Copies of all permits issued by the State of Wisconsin for facilities connected to the
public water systems.
c. Master files on customer cross-connection tests and/or inspections conducted by the
Department of Health or as required by the State of Wisconsin.
29. Reports.
a. Annual Report. The Department of Health, in conjunction with its Annual Budget
Submission pursuant to the Appropriations and Budget Process Act (2 HCC § 4), shall submit a
detailed annual report, signed and presented by the Executive Director of Health to the Ho-Chunk
Nation Legislature disclosing:
(1) Number of services provided, by name and class of service.
(2) Number of new services, by name and class of service.
(3) Number of terminated services by class of service and reason for termination.
(4) Status of construction, repairs, operation and maintenance of all systems and services.
(5) Status of any contracts and agreements.
(6) Any such other information as the Department of Health shall deem pertinent.
b. The Department Water Operator will submit the following reports to the Department of
Health Board of Directors.
(1) Initial listing of low hazard cross-connections.
(2) Initial listing of high hazard cross-connections.
(3) An annual update of all low hazard cross-connections installed in the non-residential
facilities connected to the public water systems.
(4) An annual update of high hazard cross-connections installed in the non-residential
facilities connected to the public water systems.

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c. The Department of Health shall submit all necessary reports to the State of Wisconsin and
the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency to maintain compliance with all applicable
regulations.
d. The Department of Health shall submit an annual summary of the Cross-connections in
public water systems regulated by the State of Wisconsin in accordance with the requirements of
the State of Wisconsin.
Legislative History:
11/30/98
11/24/04
3/21/05
7/6/05
8/4/05
9/6/05
10/29/05
12/7/05
10/24/23
12/19/23

Utilities Ordinance enacted by Legislative Resolution 11/03/98/98D.
Utilities Ordinance reformatted IAW Legislative Resolution 11/16/04A as a Proposed Bill (8
HCC § 2) and submitted to the Office of the President for Executive Review and Coordination.
Department of Health and Social Services submits draft Water Utility Ordinance.
Department of Health and Social Services submits draft chapter of fluoridation.
Administration Committee reviews Draft Bill Water Utility Ordinance (3 HHC § 7).
Legislature places Draft Bill out for 45-Day Public Review.
45-Day Public Review periods ends.
Enacted as Water Utility Ordinance (3 HCC § 7) by Legislative Resolution 12/7/05B.
Legislature places Act out for 45-Day Public review, comments expired on 12/10/23.
Legislature adopts amendments to Act via Legislative Resolution 12.19.23O.

24

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/tribal%3Aho-chunk%3A9cd261717c9f3253. Public record. Not legal advice.