# EE-002247-0005-46TTO (2015) > Briefs, arguments, decisions, and more. URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/tribal%3Aconfederated_warm_springs%3Af9c2294355465470 ## Record - **Collection:** Tribal code - **Document type:** Tribal code ## Text EE-002247-0005-46TTO Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Emergency Operations Plan Prepared for: Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs 2112 Wasco Street Warm Springs, Oregon 97761 Prepared by: Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN January 2015 Prepared for: Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs 2112 Wasco Street Warm Springs, Oregon 97761 Prepared by: This document was prepared under a grant from the Office of Grants and Training, United States Department of Homeland Security. Points of view or opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the Office of Grants and Training or the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. CTWS EOP Basic Plan Immediate Action Checklist Immediate Action Checklist Use the following Immediate Action Checklist to initiate the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs (CTWS) response and support to an emergency incident. If you are not qualified to implement this plan, dial 9-1-1 and ask for assistance. 1. Receive alert of incident.  Alerts should be directed to the Tribal Emergency Manager (Public Safety General Manager or as appointed by the Tribal Council Chair).  If the Public Safety General Manager is not available, alerts should be directed to the Fire & Safety Chief, or Police Chief based on the line of succession.  Alerts may be received through dispatch, responding agencies, an on-scene Incident Commander, the public or other sources.  If you are the first person receiving notification of the incident, call 9-1-1 and provide as much detail as possible.  See ESF 2 - Communications of the Tribal Emergency Operations Plan for more information on alert and warning. 2. Determine need to implement the CTWS Emergency Management Organization.  The Tribal Emergency Manager should determine, in coordination with the on-scene Incident Commander, what level of support is needed from the CTWS for the incident. This may range from the Tribal Emergency Manager being on stand-by to full activation of the Tribe’s Emergency Operations Center.  Identify key personnel who will be needed to staff the CTWS Emergency Operations Center. 3. Notify key Tribal personnel and response partners.  The Tribal Emergency Manager will notify key personnel to staff the Emergency Operations Center based on incident needs.  Notify appropriate emergency response agencies.  See the CTWS Emergency Contact List maintained by the Tribal Emergency Manager. iii CTWS EOP Basic Plan Immediate Action Checklist 4. Activate the Emergency Operations Center as appropriate.  CTWS will utilize the Incident Command System in managing the Emergency Operations Center.  Primary Emergency Operations Center Location: Fire Management Complex, 4207 Holliday Lane, Warm Springs, OR 97761  Alternate Emergency Operations Center Location: See Section 5.4.2, Emergency Operations Center Locations  See Section 5 of the Basic Plan of the CTWS Emergency Operations Plan for information on Emergency Operations Center operations. 5. Establish communications with the on-scene Incident Commander.  Identify primary and back-up means to stay in contact with the onscene Incident Commander.  The on-scene Incident Commander may assign a radio frequency that the Emergency Operations Center can use to communicate with the scene.  See ESF 2 – Communications of the CTWS Emergency Operations Plan for more information on communications systems. 6. Identify, in coordination with the on-scene Incident Commander, key incident needs.  Consider coordination of the following, as required by the incident: o Protective Action measures including evacuation and shelter-in-place o Shelter and housing needs for displaced tribal members and visitors o Emergency public information and coordination with the media o Coordination with Tribal enterprises o Provisions for Access and Functional Needs Populations o Provisions for animals in disaster iv CTWS EOP Basic Plan Immediate Action Checklist 7. Inform Oregon Emergency Response System/National Response Center of Emergency Operations Center activation and request support as needed.  Oregon Emergency Response System: 800-452-0311  If necessary, responsible parties would then call the National Response Center at 800-424-8802  If necessary, CTWS can reach FEMA Region X directly at 425487-4600 8. Declare a state of emergency for the Tribes, as appropriate.  If the incident has or threatens to overwhelm the CTWS’s resources to respond, the CTWS should declare a State of Emergency.  A declaration may be made by the Tribal Council Chair.  The declaration should be submitted to the Oregon Emergency Response System.  See Section 1.7 of this Basic Plan of the CTWS Emergency Operations Plan for information on the disaster declaration process. A sample disaster declaration form is included in Appendix A. v CTWS EOP Basic Plan Immediate Action Checklist THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY vi Preface This Emergency Operations Plan is an all-hazard plan that describes how the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation will organize and respond to emergencies and disasters in the community. Respecting the unique role of the Tribes as a sovereign nation, the plan is designed to be compatible with federal, State of Oregon, and other applicable laws, regulations, plans, and policies, including Presidential Policy Directive 8, the National Response Framework and State of Oregon Emergency Operations Plan. Response to emergency or disaster conditions in order to maximize the safety of the public and to minimize property damage is a primary responsibility of government. It is the goal of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation that responses to such conditions are conducted in the most organized, efficient, and effective manner possible. To aid in accomplishing this goal, the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation has, in addition to promulgating this plan, formally adopted the principles of the National Incident Management System, including the Incident Command System and the National Response Framework. Consisting of a Basic Plan, Emergency Support Function Annexes that complement the Federal and State of Oregon Emergency Support Functions, Support Annexes, and Incident Annexes, this Emergency Operations Plan provides a framework for coordinated response and recovery activities during a large-scale emergency. The plan describes how various agencies and organizations in Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation will coordinate resources and activities with other federal, State, local, and privatesector partners. vii CTWS EOP Basic Plan Preface THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY viii Letter of Promulgation To all Recipients: Promulgated herewith is the revised Emergency Operations Plan for the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation. This plan supersedes any previous versions of the Emergency Operations Plan. It provides a framework within which the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation can plan and perform its respective emergency functions during a disaster or national emergency. This Emergency Operations Plan attempts to be all-inclusive in combining the five mission areas of emergency management to ensure that the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation is prepared to prevent, protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, and recover from the hazards and threats that pose the greatest risk to the Tribe. This includes the following: ■ Prevention: activities necessary to avoid, prevent, or stop a threatened ■ ■ ■ ■ or actual act of terrorism. Protection: activities necessary to secure the Reservation against acts of terrorism and natural or human-caused disasters. Mitigation: activities that reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters. Response: activities necessary to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. Recovery: activities necessary to assist the community in recovering effectively from a disaster. This plan has been approved by the Tribal Council. It will be revised and updated as required. All recipients are requested to advise the Tribal Emergency Manager of any changes that might result in its improvement or increase its usefulness. Plan changes will be transmitted to all addressees on the distribution list. Stanley Smith Jr. Council Chairman Charles Calica Secretary-Treasurer DATE ix CTWS EOP Basic Plan Letter of Promulgation THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY x Plan Administration The Tribal Emergency Manager will coordinate review, revision, and repromulgation of this plan every five years or whenever changes occur, such as lessons learned from exercises or actual events. Changes to the annexes and appendices, and non-substantive changes to the Basic Plan, may be made by the Tribal Emergency Manager without formal approval by the Tribal Council. Record of Plan Changes All updates and revisions to this plan will be tracked and recorded in the following table. This process will ensure that the most recent version of the plan is disseminated and implemented by emergency response personnel. Date 2014 Change No. Department Summary of Changes Update information and bring overall information and formatting in line with EOPs throughout the State of Oregon. 001 xi CTWS EOP Basic Plan Plan Administration Plan Distribution List Copies of this plan will be provided to the following jurisdictions, agencies, and persons electronically, unless otherwise indicated. Updates will be provided electronically, when available. Recipients will be responsible for updating their Emergency Operations Plans when they receive changes. The Tribal Emergency Manager is ultimately responsible for dissemination of all plan updates. Copies of the plan will also be maintained at the Tribal Emergency Manager’s office and posted online at www.warmsprings.com. Department/Agency Title/Name Tribal Council Council Chairman Administration Chief Operating Officer Finance Department Chief Financial Officer Personnel Director Public Safety Branch General Manager Fire & Safety Department Chief Police Department Chief Public Utilities Branch General Manager Social Services Department Director Legal Services Tribal Attorney Tribal Housing Director Education Branch General Manager Natural Resources Branch General Manager Human Services Branch General Manager Office of Emergency Management State Domestic Preparedness Coordinator Bureau of Indian Affairs Tribal Liaison FEMA Tribal Liaison xii CTWS EOP Basic Plan Plan Administration Emergency Operations Plan Review Assignments Unless otherwise stated, the following table identifies agencies responsible for regular review of specific plan sections and annexes to ensure accuracy. Changes will be forwarded to the Tribal Emergency Manager for revision and dissemination of the plan. This does not preclude other departments and agencies with a vital interest in the plan from providing input to the document; such input is, in fact, encouraged. It is also encouraged that plan review will be performed concurrently with review of other related CTWS emergency plans and procedures to enhance consistency. Section/Annex Responsible Party Emergency Manager Basic Plan Emergency Support Function Annexes ESF 1 Transportation Public Utilities ESF 2 Communications Public Safety ESF 3 Public Works and Engineering Public Utilities ESF 4 Firefighting Fire & Safety ESF 5 Emergency Management Emergency Manager ESF 6 Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services ESF 7 Logistics Management and Resource Support Emergency Manager American Red Cross ESF 8 Public Health and Medical Services Health and Human Services ESF 9 Search and Rescue Public Safety ESF 10 Oil and Hazardous Materials Fire & Safety ESF 11 Agriculture and Natural Resources Natural Resources ESF 12 Energy and Utilities Public Utilities ESF 13 Public Safety and Security Public Safety ESF 14 Community Recovery Emergency Manager ESF 15 External Affairs Emergency Manager xiii Emergency Manager CTWS EOP Basic Plan Plan Administration Section/Annex Responsible Party Support Annexes SA A Evacuation and Population Protection Public Safety SA B Tribal Enterprise Coordination (TBD) Emergency Manager Incident Annexes IA 1 Drought Public Utilities IA 2 Earthquake Public Utilities IA 3 Major Fire Fire & Safety IA 4 Flood Public Utilities IA 5 Severe Weather Public Utilities IA 6 Volcano Public Utilities IA 7 Hazardous Materials Incident Fire & Safety IA 8 Public Health Incident Health and Human Services IA 9 Terrorism Police Department IA 10 Transportation Accident Police Department IA 11 Utility Failure Public Utilities xiv Table of Contents Immediate Action Checklist .................................................. iii Preface .................................................................................. vii Letter of Promulgation .......................................................... ix Plan Administration ............................................................... xi Table of Contents ................................................................. xv List of Tables and Figures .................................................. xxi Basic Plan 1 Introduction ................................................................ 1-1 1.1 1.1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.3 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.1.1 1.5.1.2 1.5.1.3 1.5.1.4 1.5.2 1.5.2.1 1.5.3 1.5.3.1 1.5.3.2 1.5.3.3 General .................................................................................... 1-1 Whole Community Planning..................................................... 1-2 Purpose and Scope ................................................................. 1-2 Purpose ................................................................................... 1-2 Scope....................................................................................... 1-3 Plan Activation ......................................................................... 1-3 Plan Organization .................................................................... 1-4 Basic Plan ................................................................................ 1-4 Emergency Support Function Annexes.................................... 1-5 Support Annexes ..................................................................... 1-6 Incident Annexes ..................................................................... 1-6 Relationship to Other Plans ..................................................... 1-7 Federal Plans........................................................................... 1-7 Presidential Policy Directive 8.................................................. 1-7 National Incident Management System ................................... 1-8 National Response Framework................................................ 1-8 National Disaster Recovery Framework................................... 1-8 State Plans .............................................................................. 1-9 State of Oregon Emergency Management Plan ...................... 1-9 Tribal Emergency Plans ......................................................... 1-10 Hazard Mitigation Plan ........................................................... 1-10 Tribal Health and Human Services Emergency Operations Plan........................................................................................ 1-10 Continuity of Operations and Continuity of Government Plans ...................................................................................... 1-11 xv CTWS EOP Basic Plan Table of Contents 1.5.4 1.5.5 1.5.6 1.5.7 1.6 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.7 1.7.1 1.7.2 1.7.2.1 1.7.2.2 1.7.2.3 1.7.2.4 1.7.3 1.8 1.8.1 1.8.2 1.9 1.9.1 1.9.2 1.9.3 1.9.4 1.10 Support Agency Plans ........................................................... 1-11 Other Local Plans .................................................................. 1-12 Special District Emergency Plans .......................................... 1-12 Regional Emergency Plans.................................................... 1-12 Authorities .............................................................................. 1-12 Legal Authorities .................................................................... 1-12 Mutual Aid and Intergovernmental Agreements ..................... 1-14 Emergency Powers ................................................................ 1-14 General .................................................................................. 1-14 Tribal Disaster Declaration Process ....................................... 1-15 Authority................................................................................. 1-15 Process .................................................................................. 1-15 Content .................................................................................. 1-16 Emergency Operations Center Support ................................. 1-16 State Assistance .................................................................... 1-17 Continuity of Government ...................................................... 1-18 Lines of Succession ............................................................... 1-18 Preservation of Vital Records ................................................ 1-19 Administration and Logistics .................................................. 1-19 Request, Allocation, and Distribution of Resources ............... 1-19 Financial Management........................................................... 1-20 Legal Support and Liability Issues ......................................... 1-21 Reporting and Documentation ............................................... 1-21 Safety of Employees and Family ........................................... 1-21 2 Situation and Planning Assumptions ....................... 2-1 3 Roles and Responsibilities ........................................ 3-1 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.1.1 2.1.1.2 2.1.1.3 2.1.1.4 2.1.1.5 2.1.1.6 2.1.1.7 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.1.1 Situation ................................................................................... 2-1 Community Profile ................................................................... 2-1 History...................................................................................... 2-1 Geography ............................................................................... 2-1 Government ............................................................................. 2-2 Demographics.......................................................................... 2-2 Economy .................................................................................. 2-2 Transportation.......................................................................... 2-2 Community Events ................................................................... 2-3 Hazards and Threats ............................................................... 2-4 Hazard Analysis ....................................................................... 2-4 Capability Assessment............................................................. 2-5 Protection of Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources .......... 2-6 Assumptions ............................................................................ 2-8 General .................................................................................... 3-1 Emergency Management Organization.................................... 3-1 Policy Group ............................................................................ 3-2 Tribal Council Chair ................................................................. 3-2 xvi CTWS EOP Basic Plan Table of Contents 3.2.1.2 3.2.1.3 3.2.1.4 3.2.1.5 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.3.1 3.2.3.2 3.2.3.3 3.2.3.4 3.2.3.5 3.2.3.6 Secretary-Treasurer ................................................................. 3-3 Chief Operations Officer .......................................................... 3-3 Tribal Emergency Manager...................................................... 3-4 Tribal Branch/Department Heads ............................................ 3-4 Responsibilities of All Departments ......................................... 3-5 Responsibilities by Function .................................................... 3-6 Transportation (ESF 1) ............................................................ 3-6 Communications (ESF 2) ......................................................... 3-7 Public Works and Engineering (ESF 3).................................... 3-8 Firefighting (ESF 4) .................................................................. 3-9 Emergency Management (ESF 5) ........................................... 3-9 Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services (ESF 6) .................................................................... 3-10 3.2.3.7 Logistics Management and Resource Support (ESF 7) ......... 3-11 3.2.3.8 Public Health and Emergency Medical Services (ESF 8) ...... 3-12 3.2.3.9 Search and Rescue (ESF 9) .................................................. 3-13 3.2.3.10 Oil and Hazardous Materials Response (ESF 10) ................. 3-14 3.2.3.11 Agriculture and Natural Resources (ESF 11) ......................... 3-15 3.2.3.12 Energy and Utilities (ESF 12)................................................. 3-15 3.2.3.13 Public Safety and Security (ESF 13) ...................................... 3-16 3.2.3.14 Community Recovery (ESF 14) ............................................. 3-16 3.2.3.15 External Affairs (ESF 15) ....................................................... 3-17 3.2.3.16 Evacuation and Population Protection ................................... 3-17 3.2.3.17 Damage Assessment ............................................................. 3-18 3.2.3.18 Legal Services ....................................................................... 3-19 3.2.3.19 Volunteer and Donation Management ................................... 3-19 3.2.3.20 Coordination with Special Facilities ....................................... 3-20 3.2.3.21 Other Agency Responsibilities ............................................... 3-20 3.3 Local and Regional Response Partners................................. 3-20 3.3.1 Private Sector and Tribal Enterprises .................................... 3-20 3.3.2 Nongovernmental Organizations ........................................... 3-21 3.3.3 Individuals and Households ................................................... 3-22 3.4 State Response Partners ....................................................... 3-22 3.5 Federal Response Partners ................................................... 3-22 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 Concept of Operations ............................................... 4-1 General .................................................................................... 4-1 Emergency Management Mission Areas ................................. 4-1 Prevention................................................................................ 4-2 Protection................................................................................. 4-2 Mitigation ................................................................................. 4-3 Response................................................................................. 4-3 Recovery.................................................................................. 4-4 Incident Levels ......................................................................... 4-4 Level 1 ..................................................................................... 4-4 Level 2 ..................................................................................... 4-5 xvii CTWS EOP Basic Plan Table of Contents 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.5.3.1 4.5.4 4.5.4.1 4.5.4.2 4.5.4.3 4.5.5 4.5.5.1 4.5.5.2 4.5.5.3 4.5.6 4.5.7 4.5.8 4.5.9 4.5.10 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 Level 3 ..................................................................................... 4-5 NIMS Incident Levels ............................................................... 4-5 Response Priorities .................................................................. 4-7 Response................................................................................. 4-7 Recovery.................................................................................. 4-7 Incident Management .............................................................. 4-8 Activation ................................................................................. 4-8 Initial Actions............................................................................ 4-8 Communications, Notification and Warning ............................. 4-9 Interoperability ....................................................................... 4-10 Situational Awareness and Intelligence Gathering ................. 4-10 Situational Awareness ........................................................... 4-10 Intelligence Gathering ............................................................ 4-11 Coordination with State Fusion Center .................................. 4-11 Resource Management.......................................................... 4-12 Volunteer and Donations Management.................................. 4-13 Resource Typing .................................................................... 4-14 Credentialing of Personnel..................................................... 4-14 Access and Functional Needs Populations ............................ 4-15 Children and Disasters........................................................... 4-15 Household Pets and Service Animals .................................... 4-16 Demobilization ....................................................................... 4-16 Transition to Recovery ........................................................... 4-16 Command and Control ............................................... 5-1 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.2.1 5.5.2.2 5.5.2.3 5.5.3 5.5.3.1 5.5.3.2 5.5.3.3 5.5.3.4 General .................................................................................... 5-1 On-Scene Incident Management ............................................. 5-1 Emergency Operations Center Support to On-Scene Operations ............................................................................... 5-1 Emergency Operations Center ................................................ 5-2 Emergency Operations Center Activation ................................ 5-2 Emergency Operations Center Location .................................. 5-3 Emergency Operations Center Staffing ................................... 5-4 Access and Security ................................................................ 5-4 Demobilization ......................................................................... 5-4 Incident Command System ...................................................... 5-5 Emergency Operations Controller............................................ 5-6 Emergency Operations Center Command Staff....................... 5-7 Safety Officer ........................................................................... 5-7 Public Information Officer......................................................... 5-7 Liaison Officer .......................................................................... 5-8 Emergency Operations Center General Staff .......................... 5-8 Operations Section Chief ......................................................... 5-8 Planning Section Chief............................................................. 5-9 Logistics Section Chief............................................................. 5-9 Finance/Administration Section ............................................. 5-10 xviii CTWS EOP Basic Plan Table of Contents 5.5.4 5.5.5 5.5.6 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Unified Command .................................................................. 5-10 Area Command ...................................................................... 5-10 Multi-Agency Coordination ..................................................... 5-11 Plan Development, Maintenance and Implementation ........................................................... 6-1 Plan Review and Maintenance ................................................ 6-1 Training Program ..................................................................... 6-1 Exercise Program .................................................................... 6-2 Event Critique and After Action Reporting ............................... 6-3 Community Outreach and Preparedness Education ................ 6-3 Funding and Sustainment ........................................................ 6-3 A Sample Disaster Declaration Forms......................... A-1 B Incident Command System Forms ........................... B-1 C Emergency Operations Center Position Checklists .................................................................. C-1 D Mutual Aid Agreements............................................. D-1 E Maps ........................................................................... E-1 F References ................................................................. F-1 G Acronyms and Glossary ........................................... G-1 xix CTWS EOP Basic Plan Table of Contents Emergency Support Function Annexes ESF 1 – Transportation ESF 2 – Communications ESF 3 – Public Works and Engineering ESF 4 – Firefighting ESF 5 – Emergency Management ESF 6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services ESF 7 – Logistics Management and Resource Support ESF 8 – Public Health and Medical Services ESF 9 – Search and Rescue ESF 10 – Oil and Hazardous Materials ESF 11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources ESF 12 – Energy and Utilities ESF 13 – Public Safety and Security ESF 14 – Community Recovery ESF 15 – External Affairs Support Annexes SA A – Evacuation and Population Protection SA B – Tribal Enterprise Coordination (TBD) Incident Annexes IA 1 – Drought IA 2 – Earthquake IA 3 – Major Fire IA 4 – Flood IA 5 – Severe Weather IA 6 – Volcano IA 7 – Hazardous Materials Incident IA 8 – Public Health Incident IA 9 – Terrorism IA 10 – Transportation Accident IA 11 – Utility Failure xx List of Tables and Figures Figures Figure 1-1 CTWS Emergency Operations Plan Organization .............1-4 Figure 2-1 Map of the CTWS Reservation ..........................................2-3 Figure 5-1 Primary EOC – Fire Management Complex.......................5-3 Figure 5-2 Example of a Scalable Command Structure for CTWS .....5-6 Figure 5-3 Example of Unified Command for the CTWS...................5-11 Figure C-1 EOC Position Organizational Chart .................................. C-4 Tables Table 1-1 CTWS Emergency Support Functions ...............................1-5 Table 1-2 CTWS Support Annexes ....................................................1-6 Table 1-3 CTWS Incident Annexes ....................................................1-6 Table 1-4 Legal Authorities ..............................................................1-13 Table 1-5 CTWS Lines of Succession .............................................1-19 Table 2-1 CTWS Identified Threats/Hazards .....................................2-4 Table 2-2 Core Capabilities by Mission Area .....................................2-5 Table 2-3 CTWS Critical Infrastructure ..............................................2-7 Table 3-1 CTWS Primary and Support Agencies by Function .........3-23 Table 4-1 NIMS Incident Levels .........................................................4-5 Table 6-1 Recommended Training Standards ...................................6-2 xxi CTWS EOP Basic Plan List of Tables and Figures THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY xxii Basic Plan 1 Introduction 1.1 General The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs (CTWS or “the Confederated Tribes”) Reservation (Reservation) emergency management mission is to ensure that CTWS is prepared for a disaster by ensuring coordination of protection prevention, mitigation, response, and recovery activities that increase Tribal capabilities to minimize loss of life and reduce impacts from disasters. Emergencies are handled effectively by CTWS every day. These “routine” emergencies are managed by emergency responders as part of their day-to-day responsibilities and are the most common emergency management activities that CTWS encounters. For the most part, these emergencies are handled by individual responders or a team of responders who work together regularly to save lives, contain threats, and minimize damage. While the principles described in this Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) can also be applied to these daily responses, the plan is primarily designed to offer guidance for larger or more complex incidents related to a broad spectrum of hazards that exceed the response capability and/or resources of front line responders. No plan can anticipate all the situations and conditions that may arise during emergencies, and on-scene Incident Commanders must have the discretion to act as they see fit based on the specific circumstances of the incident at hand. It is imperative, however, that all jurisdictions and response agencies have a plan that provides general guidance and a common framework for preparing for, responding to, and recovering from emergencies and disasters. This plan promulgates such a framework for CTWS that will bring a combination of technical capabilities and resources, plus the judgment and expertise of its emergency response personnel, branch general managers, department directors, and other key stakeholders, to bear on any incident. This EOP provides the foundation and guidance for use of a common language, fundamental principles, and incident management system necessary to effectively manage incidents within or affecting CTWS. No guarantee of a perfect response system is expressed or implied by this plan, its implementing instructions, or procedures. While CTWS will respond to emergencies to its utmost ability, it is possible that some natural or technological disasters may overwhelm the Tribal resources. While recognizing this possibility, this plan is designed to help CTWS fulfill its response function to its maximum capacity. 1-1 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction 1.1.1 Whole Community Planning The “Whole Community” planning approach is based on the recognition that it takes all aspects of a community to effectively prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate against any disaster. This includes all emergency management partners, both traditional and nontraditional, such as volunteer, faith-, and community-based organizations; the private sector; and the public, including survivors of an incident. Every Tribal member shares responsibility for minimizing the impact of disasters on the community. These individual responsibilities include hazard awareness, knowledge of appropriate protective actions, taking proactive steps to mitigate the impact of anticipated hazards, and preparations for personal and family safety and self-sufficiency. To the greatest extent possible, CTWS will assist its members in carrying out this responsibility by providing preparedness and mitigation information, and delivering critical public services during a disaster. However, a major emergency is likely to damage CTWS critical infrastructure and reduce the workforce available to continue essential government services. Knowledgeable Tribal members prepared to take care of themselves and their families in the early phases of an emergency can make a significant contribution towards survival and community resiliency. 1.2 Purpose and Scope 1.2.1 Purpose This EOP outlines CTWS’ approach to emergency response and enhances the organization’s ability to protect the safety, health, and welfare of its members. It describes the CTWS emergency response organization and assigns responsibilities for various emergency functions, identifies lines of authority and coordination, and communicates the legal basis and references that provide a framework for emergency planning for the Confederated Tribes. This plan: ■ Includes all hazards and types of emergencies likely to impact the Confederated Tribes. ■ Provides a framework for multi-discipline, multi-jurisdictional coordination and cooperation. ■ Addresses all phases of a disaster through mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery activities. ■ Designates the National Incident Management System (NIMS) as the framework within which all emergency management activities occur. ■ Directs use of the Incident Command System (ICS) for managing incident response. 1-2 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction ■ Identifies roles and responsibilities of CTWS departments, offices, and personnel in emergency operations, as well as those of cooperating public- and private-sector agencies. ■ Establishes life safety, followed by protection of property and the environment, as emergency response priorities. ■ Provides a common framework within which the Confederated Tribes, special districts, and other agencies/organizations can integrate their emergency planning and response and recovery activities. 1.2.2 Scope The EOP is implemented whenever the Confederated Tribes must respond to an emergency incident or planned event whose size or complexity is beyond that normally handled by routine operations. Such occurrences may include natural or human-caused disasters and may impact populated or rural portions of tribal land. This plan is intended to guide CTWS emergency operations while complementing and supporting the emergency response plans and procedures of responding agencies, other local governments, special districts, and other public and privatesector entities. A community’s emergency management infrastructure is a complex network of relationships. The EOP establishes roles, responsibilities, and relationships among agencies and organizations involved in emergency operations, greatly facilitating multi-agency and multi-jurisdiction coordination. Using this framework, CTWS departments and agencies that operate under this plan are expected to develop and keep current standard operating procedures (SOPs) that describe how emergency tasks will be performed. Additional responsibilities include ensuring that the training and equipment necessary for response are in place. The primary users of this plan are Tribal officials, department heads and their senior staff members, emergency management staff, coordinating response agencies, and other stakeholders that support emergency operations. The general public is also welcome to review non-sensitive parts of this plan to better understand the processes by which the Confederated Tribes manage the wide range of risks to which they are subject. 1.3 Plan Activation Once promulgated by the Tribal Council, the EOP is in effect and may be implemented in whole or in part to respond to: ■ Incidents in or affecting the Confederated Tribes. ■ Health emergencies in or affecting the Confederated Tribes. ■ Non-routine life-safety issues in or affecting the Confederated Tribes. 1-3 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction An emergency declaration is not required in order to implement the EOP or activate the Emergency Operations Center (EOC). The Tribal Emergency Manager may implement the EOP as deemed appropriate for the situation or at the request of an on-scene Incident Commander. 1.4 Plan Organization The CTWS EOP is composed of four main elements: ■ Basic Plan (with appendices) ■ Emergency Support Function Annexes (ESFs) ■ Support Annexes (SAs) ■ Incident Annexes (IAs) Figure 1-1 CTWS Emergency Operations Plan Organization Basic Plan Emergency Support Function Annexes 1.4.1 Support Annexes Incident Annexes Basic Plan The purpose of the Basic Plan is to: ■ Provide a description of the legal authorities upon which CTWS has structured its Emergency Management Organization (EMO), including the emergency declaration process, activation of mutual aid agreements (MAAs), and request for resources and emergency spending powers. ■ Describe the context under which CTWS will respond to an incident, including a community profile and discussion of hazards and threats facing the community. ■ Assign and describe roles and responsibilities for CTWS employees tasked with emergency preparedness and response functions. 1-4 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction ■ Describe a concept of operations for CTWS that describes how the Tribes will conduct emergency operations and coordinate with other agencies and jurisdictions. ■ Describe the CTWS emergency response structure, including activation and operation of the Tribal EOC and implementation of ICS. ■ Discuss CTWS protocols for maintaining and reviewing this EOP, including training, exercises, and public education components. 1.4.2 Emergency Support Function Annexes The ESFs focus on critical tasks, capabilities, and resources provided by emergency response agencies for the Confederated Tribes throughout all phases of an emergency. In the event of an incident for which the Tribes’ capabilities and/or resources are limited or exhausted, each annex clearly defines escalation pathways and procedures for requesting resources and seeking additional support from Oregon State (State) agencies. The ESFs, which supplement the information in the Basic Plan, are: Table 1-1 CTWS Emergency Support Functions Annex Function ESF 1 Transportation ESF 2 Communications ESF 3 Public Works and Engineering ESF 4 Firefighting ESF 5 Emergency Management ESF 6 Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services ESF 7 Logistics Management and Resources Support ESF 8 Public Health and Medical Services ESF 9 Search and Rescue ESF 10 Oil and Hazardous Materials Response ESF 11 Agricultural and Natural Resources ESF 12 Energy and Utilities ESF 13 Public Safety and Security ESF 14 Community Recovery ESF 15 External Affairs 1-5 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction 1.4.3 Support Annexes SAs describe how CTWS departments and agencies, the private sector, volunteer organizations, and nongovernmental organizations coordinate and execute the common support processes and administrative tasks required during an incident. The actions described in the SAs are not limited to particular types of events, but are broad in scope and apply to nearly every type of incident. The SAs also include functions that do not fit within the scope of the ESF annexes listed above. Table 1-2 CTWS Support Annexes Annex Function SA A Evacuation and Population Protection SA B Tribal Enterprise Coordination (TBD) 1.4.4 Incident Annexes While this EOP has been developed as an all hazards planning document, some hazards may require unique considerations. To that end, IAs supplement the Basic Plan to identify critical tasks particular to specific natural and humancaused/ technological hazards identified in the most current CTWS Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment. The IAs are designed as functional checklists that identify step-by-step actions for each hazard through the preincident, response, and recovery phases of an incident. Table 1-3 identifies the IAs included in this plan. Table 1-3 CTWS Incident Annexes Annex Hazard IA 1 Drought IA 2 Earthquake IA 3 Major Fire IA 4 Flood IA 5 Severe Weather IA 6 Volcano IA 7 Hazardous Materials Incident IA 8 Public Health Incident IA 9 Terrorism IA 10 Transportation Accident IA 11 Utility Failure Note: Resource shortages and civil disobedience are considered secondary risks during any emergency situation. 1-6 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction 1.5 Relationship to Other Plans 1.5.1 Federal Plans 1.5.1.1 Presidential Policy Directive 8 Presidential Policy Directive 8: National Preparedness (PPD-8) describes the United States’ approach to preparing for the threats and hazards that pose the greatest risk to the security of the nation. This directive is based on the principle that national preparedness is the shared responsibility of all members of the nationwide community. Every member contributes to this goal, including individuals, smaller communities, the private and nonprofit sectors, faith-based organizations, and federal, State, and local governments. 1.5.1.1.1 National Preparedness Goal The National Preparedness Goal outlined in PPD-8 characterizes the United States’ security and resilience by identifying key mission areas and core capabilities that are necessary to deal with great risks, using an integrated, layered, and nationwide approach as its foundation. Using the core capabilities, the National Preparedness Goal is achieved by: ■ Preventing, avoiding, or stopping a threatened or an actual act of terrorism. ■ Protecting United States citizens, residents, visitors, and assets against the greatest threats and hazards in a manner that allows their interests, aspirations, and way of life to thrive. ■ Mitigating loss of life and property by lessening the impact of future disasters. ■ Responding quickly to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs in the aftermath of a catastrophic incident. ■ Recovering through a focus on the timely restoration, strengthening, and revitalization of infrastructure, housing, and a sustainable economy, as well as the health, social, cultural, historic, and environmental fabric of communities affected by a catastrophic incident. 1.5.1.1.2 National Preparedness System The National Preparedness System is the instrument the United States will employ to build, sustain, and deliver the mission areas and core capabilities identified in the National Preparedness Goal, in order to ensure the nation’s security and resilience. The guidance, programs, processes, and systems that support each component of the National Preparedness System enable a 1-7 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction collaborative, whole community approach to national preparedness that engages individuals, families, smaller communities, private and nonprofit sectors, faithbased organizations, and all levels of government. 1.5.1.2 National Incident Management System In 2003, Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 (HSPD-5) required all federal agencies to adopt NIMS and use it to guide incident management. NIMS provides a consistent nationwide framework and comprehensive approach to enable government at all levels, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations to work together to prepare for, prevent, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents regardless of their cause, size, location, or complexity. A core component of NIMS is ICS. ICS is a management system designed to enable effective, efficient incident management by integrating a combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications operating within a common organizational structure. 1.5.1.3 National Response Framework The National Response Framework (NRF) is a guide to how the state and federal government should conduct all-hazard response. It is built upon a scalable, flexible, and adaptable coordination structure to align key roles and responsibilities across the country. It describes specific authorities and best practices for managing incidents that range from the serious, but purely local, to large-scale terrorist attacks or catastrophic natural disasters. The NRF organizes the types of response assistance a state is most likely to need into 15 ESFs. Each ESF has a primary agency assigned for maintaining and coordinating response activities. 1.5.1.4 National Disaster Recovery Framework The National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) provides guidance that enables effective recovery support to disaster-impacted states, tribes, and local jurisdictions. It provides a flexible structure that enables disaster recovery managers to operate in a unified and collaborative manner. It also helps determine the best ways to restore, redevelop, and revitalize the health, social, economic, natural, and environmental fabric of a community and build a more resilient nation. The NDRF defines: ■ Core recovery principles. ■ Roles and responsibilities of recovery coordinators and other stakeholders. 1-8 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction ■ A coordinating structure that facilitates communication and collaboration among all stakeholders. ■ Guidance for pre- and post-disaster recovery planning. ■ The overall process by which communities can capitalize on opportunities to rebuild stronger, smarter, and safer. 1.5.2 State Plans 1.5.2.1 State of Oregon Emergency Management Plan The Oregon Emergency Management Plan (EMP) is developed, revised, and published by the Director of the Office of Emergency Management (OEM) under the provisions of Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) 401.092, which are designed to coordinate the activities of all public and private organizations that provide emergency services within the State and to provide for and staff a State Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) to aid the Governor. ORS 401.035 makes the Governor responsible for the emergency services system within the State of Oregon. The Director of OEM advises the Governor and coordinates the State’s response to an emergency or disaster. The Oregon EMP consists of three volumes: ■ Volume I: Preparedness and Mitigation consists of plans and guidance necessary for State preparation to resist a disaster’s effects. Sections include disaster hazard assessment, the Emergency Management Training and Exercise Program, and plans to mitigate (or lessen) a disaster’s physical effects on citizens, the environment, and property. ■ Volume II: Emergency Management Operations Plan broadly describes how the State uses organization to respond to emergencies and disasters. It delineates the emergency management organization; contains FAs that describe the management of functional areas common to most major emergencies or disasters, such as communications and public information; and contains hazard-specific annexes. ■ Volume III: Relief and Recovery provides State guidance, processes, and rules for assisting Oregonians with recovery from a disaster’s effects. It includes procedures for use by government, business, and citizens. Activation and implementation of the Oregon EMP (or specific elements of the plan) may occur under various situations. The following criteria would result in activation of the EMP, including the EOP: 1-9 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction ■ The Oregon Emergency Response System (OERS) receives an alert from an official warning point or agency, indicating an impending or probable incident or emergency. ■ The Governor issues a “State of Emergency.” ■ A Statewide disaster is imminent or occurring. ■ Terrorist activities or weapons of mass destruction incidents are occurring or imminent. ■ An alert, site emergency, or general emergency is declared at the Washington Hanford Nuclear Reservation in Washington State or at the research reactors at Oregon State University or Reed College. ■ A localized emergency escalates, adversely affecting a larger area or jurisdiction and exceeding local response capabilities. ■ A geographically limited disaster requires closely coordinated response by more than one State agency. ■ An affected jurisdiction fails to act. 1.5.3 Tribal Emergency Plans 1.5.3.1 Hazard Mitigation Plan The CTWS Hazard Mitigation Plan forms the foundation for the Confederated Tribes’ long-term strategy to reduce disaster losses and break the cycle of disaster damage, reconstruction, and repeated damage. Consistent with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, the plan creates a framework for risk-based decision making to reduce deaths and injuries, property damage, and economic impact from future disasters. Hazard mitigation is sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and their property from hazards. The CTWS Hazard Mitigation Plan was last updated in 2006 and can be accessed through the Tribal Emergency Manager’s office. See Chapter 2 for a more detailed hazard analysis. 1.5.3.2 Tribal Health and Human Services Emergency Operations Plan Tribal Health and Human Services is responsible for developing plans to address how public health personnel plan for, respond to, and recover from all hazards that may impact public health, including communicable disease, pandemic scenarios, chemical incidents, radiological incidents, and bioterrorism. The department maintains guidelines for public health personnel responding to a public health incident that impacts the Confederated Tribes. 1-10 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction Tribal public health officials are charged with the strict and thorough enforcement of the public health laws. As part of their duties, they may enact protective public health measures on matters relating to the preservation of life and health of the people of the State. In addition to naturally occurring pandemics, a bioterrorism event may be the most challenging experience the public health arena will ever face. The control of such an epidemic requires a coordinated effort of public health services, public safety agencies, and emergency management organizations traditionally lacking in integrated operations. 1.5.3.3 Continuity of Operations and Continuity of Government Plans CTWS has not formalized a Continuity of Operations (COOP) or a Continuity of Government (COG) plan to date. However, should the CTWS develop or implement these plans in the future, they may be used in conjunction with the EOP during various emergency situations. COOP/COG plans detail the processes for accomplishing administrative and operational functions during emergencies that may disrupt normal business activities. These plans identify essential functions of local government, private-sector businesses, and community services and delineate procedures developed to support their continuation. COOP/COG plan elements may include, but are not limited to: ■ Ensuring the CTWS’s continuous functions and operations during an emergency. ■ Maintaining clear lines of authority and, when necessary, implementing the approved line of succession and proper delegation of authority. ■ Protecting critical facilities, equipment, vital records, and other assets. ■ Reducing or mitigating disruptions to operations and essential community services. ■ Reducing loss of life, minimizing property damage, and protecting the local economy from significant impacts. ■ Achieving a timely and orderly recovery from emergencies and resumption of full services to the public. 1.5.4 Support Agency Plans The CTWS EMO is supported by a number of partner agencies. To the greatest extent possible, the Confederated Tribes encourage support agencies to design their plans to complement the CTWS EOP and will seek to engage support agencies in the EOP update process to ensure appropriate linkages. The following plans are maintained by Tribal enterprises that may be called upon to support CTWS emergency operations: 1-11 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction ■ Kah-Nee-Ta Resort emergency plans and procedures. ■ Indian Head Casino emergency plans and procedures. ■ Warm Springs Forest Products Industries emergency plans and procedures. 1.5.5 Other Local Plans CTWS may partner with other local jurisdictions in coordinating and conducting emergency operations. Local counties, including Jefferson and Wasco Counties, maintain all hazard EOPs and supporting plans that describe how CTWS will organize and respond to events that occur within the Reservation and in the surrounding region. The plans describe how various agencies and organizations in the CTWS will coordinate resources and activities with other federal, State, local, tribal, and private-sector partners. Use of NIMS/ICS is a key element in the overall CTWS response structure and operations. To the extent practicable, CTWS will coordinate with local jurisdictions to ensure a consistent approach to regional emergency planning. 1.5.6 Special District Emergency Plans 1.5.7 Regional Emergency Plans Special districts have separate systems of governance, and their service areas often overlap multiple jurisdictional boundaries. Some special districts provide primary emergency response for incidents in their districts using their own plans, policies, and procedures, which are coordinated with CTWS and other local emergency plans. Most special district incident response is limited to activities directly related to the service(s) they provide. They rely on support from external agencies during response to a major incident management. CTWS is a partner in a number of regional planning efforts, including: ■ Mt. Hood National Forest Fire Management Plan ■ Mt. Hood Coordination Plan (Volcano) 1.6 Authorities 1.6.1 Legal Authorities In the context of this EOP, a disaster or major emergency is characterized as an incident requiring the coordinated response of all government levels to save the lives and protect the property of a large portion of the population. Similar to the process outlined in ORS chapter 401 for cities and counties, CTWS has established an EMO and appointed an Emergency Manager who will be responsible for the organization, administration, and operation of the EMO. 1-12 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction The Tribal EMO will, at a minimum: ■ Coordinate planning activities necessary to prepare and maintain the CTWS EOP. ■ Manage and maintain the CTWS EOC from which Tribal officials can coordinate emergency and disaster response activities. ■ Establish an incident command structure for management of incidents by all local emergency service agencies. ■ Coordinate with local, State, and federal agencies to integrate effective practices in emergency preparedness and response in a manner consistent with NIMS. The Tribal Council Chair serves as the ultimate authority for the CTWS EMO and has designated the Public Safety Branch as the EMO’s lead agency. The Public Safety General Manager, given the collateral title of Tribal Emergency Manager, has authority and responsibility for the organization, administration, and operations of the EMO. The Tribal Emergency Manager may delegate responsibilities for emergency management program management and coordination to an Emergency Management Coordinator or may delegate any of these activities to other designees, as appropriate. The Tribal EMO is consistent with NIMS, and procedures supporting NIMS implementation and training for CTWS personnel will be developed and formalized by the Tribal Emergency Manager. Table 1-4 sets forth the federal, State, and local legal authorities upon which the organizational and operational concepts of this EOP are based. Table 1-4 Legal Authorities Federal ― Executive Order 13347, July 2004, Individuals with Disabilities in Emergency Preparedness ― Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5: Management of Domestic Incidents ― National Disaster Recovery Framework ― National Incident Management System (NIMS) ― National Preparedness Goal ― National Response Framework (NRF) ― Pet Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act of 2006, Public Law 109-308, 2006 ― Presidential Policy Directive 8: National Preparedness ― Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended. ― Sandy Recovery Improvement Act of 2013 1-13 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction State of Oregon ― Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) 294.481 – Authorization to Receive Grants or Borrow or Expend Moneys to Respond to Public Emergency ― ORS 279B.080 – Emergency Procurements ― ORS 401. Emergency Management and Services ― ORS 402. Emergency Mutual Assistance Agreements ― ORS 403. 9-1-1 Emergency Communications System; 2-1-1 Communications System; Public Safety Communications System ― ORS 404. Search and Rescue ― ORS 431. State and Local Administration and Enforcement of Health Laws ― ORS 433. Disease and Condition Control; Mass Gatherings; Indoor Air ― ORS 476. State Fire Marshal; Protection From Fire Generally ― ORS 477. Fire Protection of Forests and Vegetation ― State of Oregon Emergency Operations Plan CTWS ― Treaty of 1855 ― CTWS Tribal Constitution and By-Laws 1.6.2 Mutual Aid and Intergovernmental Agreements ORS 402 authorizes local governments to enter into Cooperative Assistance Agreements with public and private agencies in accordance with their needs (e.g., the Omnibus Mutual Aid Agreement). Although CTWS is not required to be in direct compliance with this State law (ORS 402), they follow these protocols for obtaining personnel, supplies, and services. These protocols indicate that resources may be used by a requesting agency if the granting agency cooperates and extends such services. However, without a mutual aid pact, both parties must be aware that State statutes do not provide umbrella protection, except in the case of fire suppression pursuant to ORS 476 (the Oregon State Emergency Conflagration Act). See Appendix D for Existing Mutual Aid Agreements. Copies of these documents can be accessed through the Tribal Emergency Manager. During an emergency situation, a local declaration may be necessary to activate these agreements and allocate appropriate resources. 1.7 Emergency Powers 1.7.1 General CTWS is responsible for protecting its members from disasters and for helping them to recover when a disaster strikes. In some cases, a disaster is beyond the capabilities of CTWS to respond. Based on Tribal authority and State and federal law, a Tribal declaration of emergency by the Tribal Council Chair allows for flexibility in managing resources under emergency conditions, such as: 1-14 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction ■ Diverting funds and resources to emergency operations in order to meet immediate needs. ■ Authorizing implementation of local emergency plans and implementing extraordinary protective measures. ■ Receiving resources from organizations and individuals initiated through mutual aid and cooperative assistance agreement channels. ■ Providing specific legal protection for actions initiated under emergency conditions. ■ Setting the stage for requesting State and/or federal assistance to augment local resources and capabilities. ■ Raising public awareness and encouraging the community to become involved in protecting their resources. Tribal Legal Services should review and advise CTWS officials regarding possible liabilities arising from disaster operations, including exercising any or all of the above powers. 1.7.2 Tribal Disaster Declaration Process 1.7.2.1 Authority Under their sovereign status, CTWS may declare a local state of emergency independent of actions taken by surrounding counties and may request direct federal assistance. Under those circumstances, the emergency declaration may be submitted directly to the President, requesting a Presidential Declaration of Emergency on behalf of the Confederated Tribes via the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The Bureau of Indian Affairs or the FEMA Tribal Liaison may be involved in the request or be available for consultation on the matter. However, federal departments and agencies can also work directly with tribes within existing agency authorities and resources in the absence of a Presidential Declaration of a State of Emergency. 1.7.2.2 Process The Tribal Emergency Manager will advise the Tribal Council Chair when a local state of emergency should be declared. The Tribal Council Chair may declare an emergency for any of several reasons, such as authorizing additional budget authority, implementing emergency measures, or accessing State, or federal disaster assistance. To declare a state of emergency, the Tribal Council Chair will either call a regular or special meeting of the Tribal Council to request a declaration of emergency or immediately declare an emergency in writing. 1-15 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction A declaration by the Tribal Council Chair will be effective for seven days, at which time the Tribal Council can extend the time period should an emergency continue to exist. 1.7.2.3 Content A Tribal declaration of emergency shall: ■ Describe the nature of the emergency. ■ Designate the geographic boundaries of the area where the emergency exists, as well as the portion of the affected area lying within Reservation boundaries. ■ Estimate the number of individuals at risk, injured, or killed. ■ Describe the actual or likely damage caused by the emergency. ■ State the type of assistance or resources required to respond to the emergency. ■ Estimate the length of time during which the designated area will remain in an emergency status. ■ State the specific regulations or emergency measures imposed as a result of the declaration of emergency. The declaration of emergency will be written based upon the best information available at the time. It may be amended, based upon additional information or changes in the situation. Tribal Legal Services may be consulted to review the declaration for legality or sufficiency of emergency measures and emergency powers invoked within the document. If State or federal assistance is needed, the declaration must also state that all appropriate and available local resources have been expended and contain a specific request for the type(s) of assistance required. 1.7.2.4 Emergency Operations Center Support EOC Command and General Staff have the following responsibilities in the declaration process: ■ EOC Controller/Tribal Emergency Manager: Present the declaration materials to Tribal Council Chair. ■ Operations: Identify necessary resources and outline any special powers needed to respond to the emergency. Assist in the Initial Damage Assessment (IDA). ■ Planning: Provide situation and resource summaries; conduct a windshield survey, IDA, and Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA). 1-16 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction ■ Logistics: Compile resource requests. ■ Finance: Track incident costs, assist in the PDA, and coordinate damage survey activities. See Appendix B for sample Declaration of Emergency forms. 1.7.3 State Assistance While CTGR has the ability to request support directly from the federal government, they may choose to request assistance from the State through OEM. State assistance may be provided after local resources are exhausted, nearing depletion, or projected to be inadequate, and MAAs have been initiated. However, State departments and agencies can also work directly with tribes within existing agency authorities and resources in the absence of a Presidential Declaration of a State of Emergency. The OEM Operations Officer coordinates with the agencies represented in the State Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) to determine the best way to support local government requests. The Operations Officer evaluates resource requests based on the goals and priorities established by the Director. Agency representatives keep the Operations Officer informed of resources assigned, resources available for commitment, and the status of assigned missions. State resources are provided to the Tribal EMO or to the local Incident Commander, as agreed upon by the entities concerned. The OEM Director makes final decisions in cases of conflicting interest such as competing resource requests or priority questions. 1.7.4 Federal Assistance FEMA provides resources, coordination, planning, training, and funding to support tribes when requested. In the event that the capabilities of the State are not sufficient to meet the requirements as determined by the Governor, federal assistance may be authorized. OEM typically coordinates all requests for federal assistance through the State ECC. FEMA coordinates the Governor’s Presidential request for assistance in accordance with the NRF. The Sandy Recovery Improvement Act of 2013 affirms the right of federally recognized Indian tribal governments to request a Presidential emergency or major disaster declaration and receive federal emergency assistance under the Stafford Act independent of a state request. CTWS may therefore make an independent request for federal emergency assistance, or elect to be considered as part of a State request. Tribal requests for federal emergency assistance must come from the CTWS Tribal Council Chair. Under draft guidance released in April 2013, the following steps should be accomplished prior to requesting such a declaration: 1-17 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction 1. The CTWS implements its EOP and dedicates resources to response activities. 2. The CTWS collects initial damage estimates to identify needs and seeks resources for unmet needs from mutual aid, NGOs, state and local governments, and federal agencies for non-Stafford Act assistance. 3. The CTWS determines that unmet needs remain after all other resources are exhausted. The Tribal Council Chair requests a Joint Preliminary Damage Assessment (JPDA) from the FEMA Regional Office. 4. JPDA teams are assembled and damage assessments are conducted. 5. The CTWS reviews JPDA results and determines need for Stafford Act assistance and decides whether to submit an independent request or seek assistance as part of a state request. 6. Within 30 days of the incident, the Tribal Council Chair submits a declaration request to the President through FEMA’s Region 10 Administrator. The request is based on damage assessment findings, describes the impacts of the disaster, and specifies requested programs. In making the decision to directly request federal emergency assistance under the Stafford Act, the CTWS should consider: ■ Requirements of administering disaster assistance should the President declare an emergency or major disaster ■ Need for Hazard Mitigation and other administrative plans ■ Ability to receive, distribute, and supervise the use of funding ■ Compliance with records management and auditing requirements 1.8 Continuity of Government 1.8.1 Lines of Succession Table 1-5 provides the policy and operational lines of succession during an emergency for CTWS. 1-18 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction Table 1-5 CTWS Lines of Succession Emergency Policy and Governance Emergency Coordination 1. Chief Operations Officer 2. Public Safety General Manager 3. Fire & Safety Chief 1. Tribal Council Chair 2. Tribal Council Members 3. Secretary-Treasurer Each Tribal department is responsible for pre-identifying staff patterns showing a line of succession in management’s absence. Lines of succession for each department can be found in the Chief Operations Officer’s office. All employees shall be trained on the protocols and contingency plans required to maintain leadership within their departments. The Tribal Emergency Manager will provide guidance and direction to department heads to maintain continuity of government and operations during an emergency. Individual department heads within CTWS are responsible for developing and implementing COOP/COG plans to ensure continued delivery of vital services during an emergency. 1.8.2 Preservation of Vital Records Each Tribal department must provide for the protection, accessibility, and recovery of the agency's vital records, systems, and equipment. These are records, systems, and equipment that, if irretrievable, lost, or damaged, will materially impair the agency's ability to conduct business or carry out essential functions. Each agency should have a maintenance program for the preservation and quality assurance of data and systems. The program should take into account the cost of protecting or reconstructing records weighed against the necessity of the information to achieving the agency mission. 1.9 Administration and Logistics 1.9.1 Request, Allocation, and Distribution of Resources As noted above, an emergency declaration and request for assistance may be submitted directly to FEMA. CTWS may also submit resource requests and emergency/disaster declarations, through the Tribal Emergency Manager, to the Director of OEM according to provisions outlined under ORS Chapter 401. Refer to ESF 7 – Logistics Management and Resource Support for detailed information regarding available resources and coordination procedures established for the Confederated Tribes. In times of declared disasters, all assistance requests will be made through the Tribal Emergency Manager via the CTWS EOC. The CTWS EMO processes subsequent assistance requests to the federal government or State. In the case of emergencies involving fires threatening life and structures, the Conflagration Act (ORS 476.510) can be invoked by the Governor through the Office of State Fire Marshal. This act allows the State Fire Marshal to mobilize 1-19 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction and fund fire resources throughout the State during emergency situations. The local Fire Chiefs and the local Fire Defense Board Chief assess the status of the incident(s) and, after determining that all criteria have been met for invoking the Conflagration Act, notify the State Fire Marshal via OERS. The State Fire Marshal reviews the information and notifies the Governor, who authorizes the act. In addition, CTWS may receive assistance under the FEMA Fire Management Assistance Grant Program (FMAGP) for wildland fires that threaten the built environment, where existing State and local resources are insufficient to stop the spread of the fire and mitigate risk to the built environment. However, under current federal rules (44 CFR 204.22), the application for assistance must come from the State Governor or Governor’s Authorized Representative to the FEMA Regional Administrator. FMAGP assistance is typically administered through the Oregon Department of Forestry. 1.9.2 Financial Management During an emergency, CTWS is likely to find it necessary to redirect Tribal funds to effectively respond to the incident. The authority to adjust department budgets and funding priorities rests with the Secretary-Treasurer. If an incident requires major redirection of Tribal fiscal resources, the Tribal Council will meet in emergency session to decide how to respond to the emergency funding needs, declare a State of Emergency, and request assistance through the State as necessary. The following general procedures will be carried out: ■ The Tribal Council will meet in emergency session to decide how to respond to the emergency funding needs. ■ The Tribal Council Chair will declare a State of Emergency and request assistance through the federal government or State. ■ If a quorum of Tribal Council members cannot be reached, and if a prompt decision will protect lives, Tribal resources and facilities, or private property, the Tribal Council Chair (or designee) may act on emergency funding requests. The Tribal Council will be advised of such actions as soon as practical. ■ To facilitate tracking of financial resources committed to the incident, and to provide the necessary documentation, a discrete charge code for all incident-related personnel time, losses, and purchases will be established by the Finance Section. Expenditure reports should be submitted to the Finance Department and managed through the Finance Director to identify budgetary shortfalls. The Purchasing and Contracts Departments will support procurement issues related to personnel, both volunteer and paid. In addition, copies of expense records and all supporting documentation should be submitted for filing FEMA Public Assistance 1-20 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction reimbursement requests by the Finance Department. During activation of the CTWS EOC, financial management will be handled by the Finance Section, which will be staffed by the Finance Department. 1.9.3 Legal Support and Liability Issues Legal support for the Confederated Tribes during an emergency is provided by Tribal Legal Services. Liability issues and potential concerns among government agencies, private entities, other response partners, and jurisdictions, are addressed in existing MAAs and other formal memoranda established for the CTWS and its surrounding areas. 1.9.4 Reporting and Documentation Proper documentation and reporting during an emergency is critical for CTWS to receive proper reimbursement for emergency expenditures and to maintain a historical record of the incident. Tribal staff will maintain thorough and accurate documentation throughout the course of an incident or event. Incident documentation should include: ■ Incident and damage assessment reports. ■ Incident command logs. ■ Cost recovery forms. ■ Incident critiques and after-action reports. All documentation related to the CTWS emergency management program will be maintained, as applicable, in accordance with Tribal public records and meetings laws as appropriate. 1.10 Safety of Employees and Family All Tribal department heads, or designees, are responsible for the safety of employees. Employees should attempt to contact their supervisors and managers within the first 24 hours following an incident. Emergency 9-1-1 should only be utilized if emergency assistance is needed. Agencies and departments with developed COOPs will establish alternate facilities and staff locations, as applicable. Notification procedures for employee duty assignments will follow the required procedures established by each agency and department. During biological incidents or public health emergencies such as influenza pandemics, maintaining a resilient workforce is essential to performing the response activities required to protect CTWS and surrounding community from significant impacts to human lives and the economy. Thus, personnel should be provided with tools to protect themselves and their families while they provide 1-21 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 1. Introduction health and medical services during a pandemic or other type of public health emergency. Currently, plans formally addressing the safety and protection of medical personnel and response staff during a biological incident and/or contagious outbreak have not been developed. Safety precautions and personal protective equipment decisions will be specific to the type of incident and will require justin-time training among the first responder community and other support staff to implement appropriate procedures. If necessary, the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Administration may provide assistance and guidance on worker safety and health issues. Information on emergency procedures and critical tasks involved in a biological emergency incident or disease outbreak is presented in ESF 8 – Public Health and Medical Services. While all CTWS agencies and employees are expected to contribute to the emergency response and recovery efforts of the community, employees’ first responsibility is to their own and their families’ safety. Each employee is encouraged to develop family emergency plans to facilitate family safety and selfsufficiency, which, in turn, will enable employees to assume their responsibilities to CTWS and its members as rapidly as possible in the event of an emergency. Processes in support of employees and their families during emergency situations or disasters will be further developed through ongoing COOP planning. 1-22 2 Situation and Planning Assumptions 2.1 Situation The CTWS Reservation is exposed to many hazards, all of which have the potential to disrupt the community, cause damage, and create casualties. Natural hazards to which the Reservation may be subject include droughts, floods, wildfires, and winter storms. The threat of a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive incident is present as well. Other disaster situations could develop from hazardous material accidents, health-related incidents, conflagration, major transportation accidents, or acts of terrorism. 2.1.1 Community Profile The following community profile has been adapted from the CTWS Hazard Mitigation Plan (URS 2006). 2.1.1.1 History Long before Europeans came to the Americas, the Wasco and the Walla Walla (later called the Warm Springs) Tribes lived beside the Columbia River and Cascade Mountains. The Paiute Tribe lived throughout the vast plateaus to the southeast of Oregon’s political border. These three tribes constitute the modern federation called the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs and own and occupy the Reservation that was created by the Treaty of 1855. Warm Springs became the political and economic center of the 600,000-acre Reservation that comprises much of the northern part of Central Oregon. In 1937, the three tribes adopted a Constitution, Bill of Rights, and By-Laws for the Tribal government and in 1938, formally accepted a corporate charter from the United States for business endeavors. During the period between 1940 and 1970, CTWS came to be known as leaders among Native Americans in self-preservation, selfdetermination, and innovation for economic development efforts. 2.1.1.2 Geography The CTWS Reservation includes alpine lakes, pristine rivers, deep canyons, and vistas of high desert and volcanic peaks. Over half the Reservation is forested, with the remainder primarily range land. Reservation lands extend from the summit of Oregon’s Cascade Mountains and snowcapped Mt. Jefferson at 10,497 feet, east to the Deschutes River’s elevation at 1,000 feet, with the Metolius River and Lake Billy Chinook forming the southern boundary. 2-1 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions The town of Warm Springs is a Census Designated Place where half the population of the Reservation resides. It has a total area of 43 square miles and over 600 housing units. Other communities on the CTWS Reservation include: ■ Bear Springs ■ Kah-Nee-Ta ■ Seekseequa ■ Sidwalter ■ Simnasho 2.1.1.3 Government Pursuant to the provisions of the Indian Reorganization Act, CTWS has adopted a Constitution, By-Laws, and Corporate Charter. These documents set out the Tribal membership, objectives, powers, and authority and make provisions for a Tribal Council to act on behalf of the membership to carry out Tribal goals. They represent policies of the membership and provide specific delegation of governmental powers from the general membership to the Tribal Council. The Tribal Council’s primary responsibility is to carry out the objectives of the Constitution and By-Laws, which includes promotion of Tribal advancement and protection of Tribal treaty rights, resources, and sovereignty. 2.1.1.4 Demographics Nearly 4,000 Tribal members inhabit the Reservation. The population has doubled since 1975. Since the 1960s Tribal enrollment, the Reservation has grown at an annual population growth rate of 2.75 percent. This growth rate is expected to continue, resulting in a total enrollment of 6,585 members by the year 2020. If non-Indian residents, those married into the Tribe or other Indians, and members that do not live on the Reservation are included, the total expected population for Warm Springs in 2020, as forecasted by Economic Development for Central Oregon, is approximately 8,692 residents. 2.1.1.5 Economy The Tribal economy is based primarily on natural resources, including hydropower, forest products, and ranching. Tourism and recreation also make important contributions. CTWS has approximately 604 employees. The Tribal enterprises of Kah-Nee-Ta Resort and Warm Springs Forest Products Industries are the next two largest employers. 2.1.1.6 Transportation Key transportation routes on the CTWS Reservation include: 2-2 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions ■ Oregon State Highway 26 – heavily traveled by non-Tribal travelers transiting across the reservation. Travelers may require assistance if they are unable to continue their travels due to vehicle mechanical failures. 2.1.1.7 Community Events The following regularly scheduled or seasonal events may need to be taken into consideration in CTWS emergency plans due to the potential for an influx of population that could impact the ability of CTWS to provide emergency services. ■ New Year’s Day Feast (January) ■ Lincoln’s Powwow (February) ■ Kah-Nee-Ta Mini Marathon (April) ■ Pi-Ume-Sha Treaty Days Powwow (June) ■ 4th of July Fireworks (July) ■ Kah-Nee-Ta Fun Run (October) ■ Thanksgiving Mini Powwow (November) ■ Warm Springs Christmas Bazaar (December) Figure 2-1 Map of the CTWS Reservation 2-3 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions 2.1.2 Hazards and Threats The CTWS may be subject to a variety of natural, technological, and humancaused hazards and threats, defined as follows: ■ Natural Hazards. Result from acts of nature. ■ Technological Hazards. Result from accidents or the failures of systems and structures. ■ Threats or Human-Caused Incidents. Result from intentional actions of an adversary. Table 2-1 identifies the hazards/threats identified in the CTWS Hazard Mitigation Plan as most likely to impact the Confederated Tribes based on the community’s vulnerability and the resulting potential impacts of the hazard or threat. Table 2-1 CTWS Identified Threats/Hazards Natural • • • • • • • Avalanche Earthquake Epidemic Flood Landslide Wildland Fires Winter Storm Technological • • • • Dam Failure Hazardous Materials Incident Transportation Accident Utility Failure Human-Caused • • Civil Unrest Terrorism See the CTWS Hazard Mitigation Plan for more information regarding natural hazards for the area 2.1.3 Hazard Analysis In the Hazard Analysis, each hazard and threat described above is scored using a formula that incorporates four independently weighted rating criteria (history, vulnerability, maximum threat, and probability) and three levels of severity (low, moderate, and high). For each hazard, the score for a given rating criterion is determined by multiplying the criterion’s severity rating by its weight factor. The four rating criteria scores for the hazard are then summed to provide a total risk score for that hazard. Note that while many hazards may occur together or as a consequence of others (e.g., dam failures cause flooding, and earthquakes may cause landslides), this analysis considers each hazard as a singular event. Additional information on hazards that may impact CTWS will be discussed in the Tribe’s Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA). 2-4 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions 2.1.4 Capability Assessment The availability of CTWS physical and staff resources may limit its capability to conduct short- and long-term response actions on an independent basis. Tribal response capabilities are also limited during periods when essential staff is on vacation, sick, or under furlough due to budgetary constraints. CTWS has not developed a formal capabilities assessment to date. Should one be developed in the future, it will summarize the jurisdiction’s prevention, protection, response, and recovery capabilities involving the defined hazards. It will also further describe the jurisdiction’s limitations on the basis of training, equipment, and personnel. Additional information CTWS capabilities will be discussed in the Tribe’s Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA). Table 2-2 Core Capabilities by Mission Area Prevention Protection Mitigation Response Recovery Planning Public Information and Warning Operational Coordination • Forensics and Attribution • Intelligence and Information Sharing • Interdiction and Disruption • Screening, Search, and Detection • Access Control and Identify Verification • Cybersecurity • Intelligence and Information Sharing • Interdiction and Disruption • Physical Protective Measures • Risk Management for Protection Programs and Activities • Screening, Search, and Detection • Supply Chain Integrity and • Community Resilience • Long-Term Vulnerability Reduction • Risk and Disaster Resilience Assessment • Threats and Hazard Identification 2-5 • Critical Transportation • Environmental Response/ Health and Safety • Fatality Management Services • Infrastructure Systems • Mass Care Services • Mass Search and Rescue Operations • On-Scene Security and Protection • Operational Communications • Public and Private • Economic Recovery • Health and Social Services • Housing • Infrastructure Systems • Natural and Cultural Resources CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions Table 2-2 Core Capabilities by Mission Area Prevention Protection Mitigation Security 2.1.5 Response Recovery Services and Resources • Public Health and Medical Services • Situational Assessment Protection of Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources (CIKR) are owned and operated by the CTWS or local partners and support the delivery of critical and essential services. These resources are necessary to ensure the CTWS’s security, public health and safety, and economic vitality. CIKR includes the assets, systems, networks, and functions that provide vital services to cities, states, regions, and, sometimes, the nation. Emergencies, natural hazards, and terrorist attacks on CIKR could significantly disrupt those activities, produce cascading effects, and result in large-scale human suffering, property destruction, economic loss, and damage to public confidence and morale. Key facilities that should be considered in infrastructure protection planning include: ■ Structures or facilities that produce, use, or store highly volatile, flammable, explosive, toxic, and/or water-reactive materials. ■ Government facilities, such as departments, agencies, and administrative offices. ■ Hospitals, nursing homes, and housing likely to contain occupants who may not be sufficiently mobile to avoid death or injury during a hazard event. ■ Police stations, fire stations, vehicle and equipment storage facilities, and EOCs that are needed for disaster response before, during, and after hazard events. ■ Public and private utilities and infrastructure that are vital to maintaining or restoring normal services to areas damaged by hazard events Table 2-4 identifies key critical infrastructure that should be considered by CTWS in its emergency plans. 2-6 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions Table 2-3 CTWS Critical Infrastructure Category Facilities Tribal Offices and Facilities Administration Building Senior Services Department Indian Health Services Family Resource Center High Lookee Lodge Forestry and Natural Resources Ranger Station Tribal Enterprises Pelton/Round Butte Hydroelectric Project Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery The Museum at Warm Springs Warm Springs Forest Products Industries Warm Springs Ventures/The Plaza at Warm Springs Warm Springs Composite Products Warm Springs Construction Educational Facilities Early Childhood Education Warm Springs Elementary Higher Education Building Gathering Places Agency Longhouse Simnasho Longhouse Hehe Longhouse Community Center Police and Fire Stations Police Station – Warm Springs Police Substation – Simnasho Fire & Safety Department Building Fire Management Complex Seekseequa Fire Station Sidwalter Fire Station Simnasho Fire Station Kah-Nee-Ta Fire Substation Potable Water and Wastewater Facilities Potable Water Facility - Simnasho Potable Water Facility – Shitike Creek Potable Water Facility – Sidwalter Potable Water Facility – Seekseequa Wastewater Facility – Warm Springs Wastewater Facility – Sunnyside Wastewater Facility – Kah-Nee-Ta Communication Facilities Qwest Facility – Warm Springs Radio Station – Eagle Butte Radio/Cell Tower – Eagle Butte 2-7 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions Table 2-3 CTWS Critical Infrastructure Category Facilities Roads BIA Road 9026 (US 26) BIA 216 (OR 216) Casinos & Resorts Kah-Nee-Ta Village Kah-Nee-Ta Lodge Indian Head Casino 2.2 Assumptions This EOP is predicated on the following assumptions: ■ Essential CTWS services will be maintained as long as conditions permit. ■ An emergency will require prompt and effective response and recovery operations by CTWS emergency services, disaster relief, volunteer organizations, and the private sector. ■ All emergency response staff are trained and experienced in operating under the NIMS/ICS protocol. ■ Each responding CTWS agency will utilize existing directives and procedures in responding to major emergencies and disasters. ■ Environmental, technological, and civil emergencies may be of a magnitude and severity that require State and federal assistance. ■ Federal and State support of CTWS emergency operations will be based on the principle of self-help. CTWS will be responsible for utilizing all available local resources, along with initiating mutual aid and cooperative assistance agreements before requesting assistance from the federal government and/or the State. ■ Considering shortages of time, space, equipment, supplies, and personnel during a catastrophic disaster, self-sufficiency will be necessary for the first hours or days following the event. ■ Local emergency planning efforts focus on accommodating residents while preparing for changes in population trends throughout the year. However, significant increases to the local population may introduce challenges in meeting the needs of non-residents and other travelers during an emergency or disaster. ■ All or part of the Reservation may be affected by environmental and technological emergencies. 2-8 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions ■ A terrorist-related incident or attack may occur without warning. If such an attack occurs, CTWS could be subject to radioactive fallout or other hazard related to weapons of mass destruction. In accordance with national nuclear civil protection policy, two options have been developed to counteract such a threat: population protection and shelter-in-place programs. ■ Outside assistance will be available in most major emergency/disaster situations that affect CTWS. Although this plan defines procedures for coordinating such assistance, it is essential for CTWS to be prepared to carry out disaster response and short-term actions on an independent basis. ■ CTWS communication and work centers may be destroyed or rendered inoperable during a disaster. Normal operations can be disrupted during a general emergency; however, CTWS can still operate effectively if public officials, first responders, employees, volunteers, and residents are: ● Familiar with established policies and procedures. ● Assigned pre-designated tasks. ● Provided with assembly instructions. ● Formally trained in their duties, roles, and responsibilities required during emergency operations. 2-9 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 2. Situation and Assumptions THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY 2-10 3 Roles and Responsibilities 3.1 General Tribal agencies and response partners may have various roles and responsibilities throughout an emergency’s duration. Therefore, it is particularly important that the local command structure established to support response and recovery efforts maintain a significant amount of flexibility to expand and contract as the situation changes. Typical duties and roles may also vary depending on the incident’s size and severity of impacts, as well as the availability of local resources. Thus, it is imperative to develop and maintain depth of qualified staff within the command structure and response community. CTWS conducts all emergency management functions in accordance with NIMS. To assist with training and preparing essential response staff and supporting personnel to incorporate ICS/NIMS concepts into all facets of an emergency, each agency and department is responsible for ensuring that critical staff are identified and trained at a level enabling effective execution of existing response plans, procedures, and policies. Most Tribal departments have emergency functions in addition to their normal duties. Each department is responsible for developing and maintaining its own emergency management procedures. Specific responsibilities are outlined below, as well as in individual annexes. 3.2 Emergency Management Organization For the purposes of this plan, the CTWS emergency management structure will be referred to generally as the CTWS EMO. Under this structure, the Public Safety General Manager is considered the Tribal Emergency Manager, unless this role has been otherwise delegated. Roles and responsibilities of individual staff and agencies are described throughout the plan to further clarify the CTWS EMO. The Tribal Emergency Manager may, depending on the size or type of incident, delegate the authority to lead response and recovery actions to other Tribal staff. Additionally, some authority to act in the event of an emergency may already be delegated by ordinance or by practice. As a result, the organizational structure for the CTWS EMO can vary depending upon the location, size, and impact of the incident. The CTWS EMO is divided into two general groups, organized by function—the Policy Group and Emergency Response Agencies. 3-1 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities 3.2.1 Policy Group The Policy Group is formed of Tribal officials and emergency management staff responsible for guiding policy and decision-making for the CTWS EMO. The Policy Group may also include representation from Tribal departments during an event, as necessitated by the type of emergency. The Policy Group is responsible for the activities conducted within its jurisdiction. The members of the group include both elected and appointed executives with certain legal responsibilities. Key general responsibilities for Policy Group members include: ■ Establishing strong working relationships with local jurisdictional leaders and core private-sector organizations, voluntary agencies, and community partners. ■ Leading and encouraging CTWS officials and staff to focus on preparedness by participating in planning, training, and exercises. ■ Supporting staff participation in local mitigation efforts within the jurisdiction and including the private sector, as appropriate. ■ Understanding and implementing laws and regulations that support emergency management and response. ■ Ensuring that local emergency plans take into account the needs of: ● The jurisdiction, including persons, property, and structures ● Vulnerable populations, including unaccompanied children and those with service animals ● Individuals with household pets ■ Encouraging Tribal members to be prepared and participate in volunteer organizations and training courses. 3.2.1.1 Tribal Council Chair The ultimate responsibility for policy, budget, and political direction for the Confederated Tribes is borne by the Tribal Council Chair. During emergencies, this responsibility includes encouraging positive support with citizen involvement and citizen assistance, issuing policy statements as needed to support the actions and activities of recovery and response efforts, and providing the political contact needed for visiting State and federal officials. Additionally, the Tribal Council Chair will provide elected liaison with the community and other jurisdictions. In the event that declaration of emergency is needed, the Tribal Council Chair (or designee) will initiate and terminate the state of emergency through a declaration ratified by the Tribal Council. 3-2 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities General responsibilities of the Tribal Council Chair include: ■ Directing the overall preparedness program for CTWS. ■ Establishing emergency management authority by Tribal ordinance. ■ Appointing a Tribal Emergency Manager to oversee the CTWS EMO. ■ Adopting the CTWS EOP and other emergency management–related resolutions. ■ Making emergency policy decisions. ■ Declaring a state of emergency, and providing support to the on-scene Incident Commander in requesting outside assistance when necessary (in accordance with existing agreements and/or through OEM). ■ Acting as liaison to the community during activation of the EOC. ■ Implementing emergency powers of local government. ■ Attending Public Information Officer (PIO) briefings. ■ Acting on emergency funding needs. 3.2.1.2 Secretary-Treasurer The CTWS Secretary-Treasurer is responsible for continuity of government, and coordinating administrative support for CTWS emergency operations. The Secretary-Treasurer is responsible for: ■ Ensuring that all Tribal departments develop, maintain, and exercise their respective service annexes to this plan. ■ Supporting the overall preparedness program in terms of its budgetary and organizational requirements. ■ Implementing the policies and decisions of the governing body. ■ Ensuring that plans are in place for the protection and preservation of Tribal records. 3.2.1.3 Chief Operations Officer The CTWS Chief Operations Officer is responsible for directing departmental operations in support of CTWS response to an emergency. The Chief Operations Officer is responsible for: ■ Supporting the CTWS EMO as described in this plan. 3-3 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities ■ Serving as the CTWS EOC Controller unless this role has been otherwise designated. 3.2.1.4 Tribal Emergency Manager The Tribal Emergency Manager has the day-to-day authority and responsibility for overseeing emergency management programs and activities. The Tribal Emergency Manager works with the Policy Group to ensure that there are unified objectives with regard to the Confederated Tribes’ emergency plans and activities, including coordinating all aspects of the Tribes’ capabilities. The Tribal Emergency Manager coordinates all components of the local emergency management program, including assessment of the availability and readiness of the local resources most likely required during an incident and identifying and correcting any shortfalls. In particular, the Tribal Emergency Manager is responsible for: ■ Serving as staff advisor to the Tribal Council, Chief Operations Officer, and Secretary-Treasurer on emergency matters. ■ Coordinating the planning and general preparedness activities of the government and maintenance of this EOP. ■ Analyzing the emergency skills required and arranging the training necessary to provide those skills. ■ Preparing and maintaining a resource inventory. ■ Ensuring the operational capability of the CTWS EOC. ■ Activating the CTWS EOC in coordination with the Chief Operations Officer. ■ Keeping the governing body apprised of the Confederated Tribes’ preparedness status and anticipated needs. ■ Serving as day-to-day liaison between CTWS and OEM. ■ Maintaining liaison with organized emergency volunteer groups and private-sector partners. The Tribal Emergency Manager may designate these responsibilities to a Tribal Emergency Management Coordinator as needed. 3.2.1.5 Tribal Branch/Department Heads Department and agency heads collaborate with the Policy Group during development of local emergency plans and provide key response resources. CTWS branch general managers, department directors, and agency heads and their staffs develop, plan, and train to internal policies and procedures to meet response and recovery needs safely. They should also participate in interagency 3-4 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities training and exercise to develop and maintain the necessary capabilities. Department and agency heads not assigned a specific function in this plan will be prepared to make their resources available for emergency duty at the direction of the EOC Controller. 3.2.2 Responsibilities of All Departments Individual departments are an integral part of the emergency organization. While some departments’ staff are first responders, the majority focus on supporting these first responders and/or on the continuity of services they provide to the public. Organizationally, they are a component that provides support and communication for responders. All CTWS departments have the following common responsibilities: ■ Supporting EOC operations to ensure that CTWS is providing for the public safety and protection of the citizens it serves. ■ Establishing in writing an ongoing line of succession of authority for each department; this document must be made known to department employees, and a copy must be filed with the Secretary-Treasurer and Tribal Emergency Manager. ■ Developing alert and notification procedures for department personnel. ■ Developing operating guidelines to implement assigned duties specified by this plan. ■ Tracking incident-related costs, in coordination with the EOC Finance Section if activated, incurred by the department and submitting expenditure reports in accordance with financial management practices. Incident-related costs may occur during response or recovery phases and may include personnel overtime, equipment used/expended, and contracts initiated. ■ Ensuring that vehicles and other equipment are equipped and ready, in accordance with existing plans and procedures. ■ Identifying critical functions and developing procedures for maintaining and/or reestablishing services provided to the public and other Tribal departments. ■ Developing and maintaining departmental Continuity of Operations Plans. ■ Assigning personnel to the EOC, as charged by this plan. ■ Developing and implement procedures for protecting vital records, materials, and facilities. 3-5 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities ■ Promoting family preparedness among employees. ■ Ensuring that staff complete any NIMS-required training. ■ Ensuring that department plans and procedures incorporate NIMS components, principles, and policies. ■ Dedicate staff time for preparedness training and participation in exercises. ■ Preparing and maintaining supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. 3.2.3 Responsibilities by Function This group includes services required for an effective emergency management program, of which response is a key element. These agencies include fire and safety, police, emergency medical service (EMS) providers, health and human services, environmental health, and public works departments. Departments or agencies assigned as primary may only be responsible for coordinating with other primary or supporting agencies to ensure continuity. ■ Primary Agency(s) ● Identifies lead agencies for emergency functions, based on the agency’s coordinating responsibilities, authority, functional expertise, resources and capabilities in managing incident activities. Primary agencies may not be responsible for all elements of a function, and will coordinate with supporting agencies. ■ Supporting Agency(s) ● Identifies agencies with substantial support roles during major incidents. 3.2.3.1 Transportation (ESF 1) Primary Agency: Public Utilities Branch Supporting Agencies: Health & Human Services Branch, Natural Resources Branch, Police Department, County Public Works Departments, Oregon Department of Transportation Transportation-related responsibilities include: ■ Planning for and identifying high-hazard areas, numbers of potential evacuees, and number of people requiring transportation to reception areas (including access and functional needs populations). ■ Coordinating transportation needs for access and functional needs populations. 3-6 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities ■ Identifying emergency traffic routes. ■ Determining optimal traffic flow and movement priority from residences to highways. ■ Confirming and managing locations of staging areas and pick-up points for evacuees requiring public transportation. ■ Coordinating transportation services, equipment, and personnel using emergency routes. ■ Providing guidance on commuting arrangements for essential workers during the evacuation period. ■ Proposing locations of roadblocks and patrols for evacuation movement. ■ Providing patrols and safety measures in the evacuated area and for reassignment of personnel during the evacuation period. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 1 – Transportation, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See ESF 1 – Transportation for more details. 3.2.3.2 Communications (ESF 2) Alert and Warning Primary Agency: Public Safety Branch, Emergency Communications Center Supporting Agencies: Tribal Emergency Manager, Fire & Safety Department, Police Department, Public Utilities Branch Responsibilities related to alert and warning include: ■ Disseminating emergency public information as requested. ■ Receiving and disseminating warning information to the public and key CTWS officials. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 2 – Communications, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. Communication Systems Primary Agency: Secretary-Treasurer Supporting Agencies: Tribal Emergency Manager, Eagle-Tech Systems 3-7 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities Communication-related responsibilities include: ■ Establishing and maintaining emergency communications systems. ■ Coordinating use of all public and private communication systems necessary during emergencies. ■ Managing and coordinating all emergency communication operated within the EOC, once activated. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 2 – Communications, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See ESF 2 – Communications for more details. 3.2.3.3 Public Works and Engineering (ESF 3) Primary Agency: Public Utilities Branch Supporting Agencies: Chief Operations Officer, Natural Resources Branch, Health and Human Services (Clinic Helipad), Oregon Department of Transportation Responsibilities related to public works and engineering include: ■ Barricading hazardous areas. ■ Prioritizing restoration of streets and bridges. ■ Protecting and restoring waste treatment and disposal systems. ■ Augmenting sanitation services. ■ Assessing damage to streets, bridges, traffic control devices, waste water treatment systems, and other public works facilities. ■ Removing debris. ■ Assessing damage to CTWS-owned facilities. ■ Condemning of unsafe structures. ■ Directing temporary repair of essential facilities. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 3 – Public Works and Engineering, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See ESF 3 – Public Works and Engineering for more details. 3-8 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities 3.2.3.4 Firefighting (ESF 4) Primary Agency: Fire & Safety Department Supporting Agencies: Natural Resources Branch, Public Safety Branch, Mutual Aid Partners, Oregon Department of Forestry, Office of the State Fire Marshal Fire service–related responsibilities include: ■ Providing fire prevention, fire suppression, and emergency medical aid during a fire event to prevent loss of life, loss of property, and damage to the environment. ■ Providing hazardous materials spills emergency response planning and coordination. ■ Performing specialized rescue (e.g., water, high-angle, structural collapse), as needed and practical. ■ Performing life-safety inspections and recommendations for activated emergency shelters. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 4 – Firefighting, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See ESF 4 – Firefighting for more details. 3.2.3.5 Emergency Management (ESF 5) Primary Agency: Tribal Emergency Manager, Public Safety Branch Supporting Agencies: Tribal Council, Chief Operations Officer, SecretaryTreasurer, Fire & Safety Department, Health & Human Services Branch, Natural Resources Branch, Police Department, Public Utilities Branch, Social Services Department Emergency Operations Center The Tribal Emergency Manager is responsible for maintaining the readiness of the EOC, identifying support staff, and ensuring that they are adequately trained to perform their position duties. CTWS departments will be requested to designate personnel who can be made available to be trained to work in the EOC during an emergency. Other departments may be requested to provide assistance in an emergency. The following tasks are necessary for CTWS to activate and utilize its EOC to support and coordinate response operations during an emergency: ■ Providing coordination of resources and emergency communications at the request of the on-scene Incident Commander. ■ Maintaining contact with neighboring jurisdictions and the CTWS EOC. 3-9 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities ■ Maintaining the EOC in an operating mode, as required by the incident, or ensuring that the EOC space can be converted into an operating condition. ■ Requesting department representatives (by title) to report to the EOC and developing procedures for crisis training. ■ Developing and identifying duties of staff, use of displays and message forms, and procedures for EOC activation. ■ Developing situation reports capturing EOC observations and actions. ■ Compiling records for incidents to support a declaration request, preliminary damage assessments, and reimbursement requests. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 5 – Emergency Management, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See Chapter 5 – Command and Control and ESF 5 – Emergency Management for more details. 3.2.3.6 Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services (ESF 6) Primary Agency: Tribal Emergency Manager Supporting Agencies:, Chief Operations Officer, Secretary-Treasurer, Education Branch, Family Services Department, Fire & Safety Department, Health & Human Services Branch, Housing Department, Police Department, Social Services Department, American Red Cross, Community- and Faith-Based Organizations The Tribal Emergency Manager, with support from CTWS departments and the American Red Cross (Red Cross), and other disaster relief organizations, is responsible for ensuring that the mass care needs of the affected population are met, such as shelter, food, first aid, and reuniting families. Relevant operations are detailed in ESF 6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services and ESF 11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources. Responsibilities related to mass care, emergency assistance, housing, and human service include: ■ Maintaining the Tribal Shelter Plan and Animal Disaster Response Plan. ■ Supervising the shelter management program (stocking, marking and equipping, etc.) for natural disaster. ■ Coordinating support with CTWS departments, relief agencies, and volunteer groups. 3-10 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities ■ Providing emergency counseling for disaster victims and emergency response personnel suffering from behavioral and emotional disturbances. ■ Coordinating with faith-based organizations and other volunteer agencies. ■ Identifying emergency feeding sites. ■ Identifying sources of clothing for disaster victims. ■ Securing source of emergency food supplies. ■ Coordinating operations of shelter facilities operated by CTWS, local volunteers, or organized disaster relief agencies such as the Red Cross. ■ Coordinating special care requirements for sheltered groups such as unaccompanied children and the elderly. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing and Human Services, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See ESF 6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing and Human Services and ESF 11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources for more details. 3.2.3.7 Logistics Management and Resource Support (ESF 7) Primary Agency: Secretary-Treasurer, Tribal Emergency Manager Supporting Agencies: Chief Operations Officer, Fire & Safety Department, Legal Services Department, Natural Resources Branch, Public Safety Branch, Public Utilities Branch Responsibilities related to logistics management and resource support include: ■ Ensuring that procedures are in place for tracking, prioritization, allocation, and demobilization of Tribal resources during an emergency. ■ Establishing procedures for employing temporary personnel for disaster operations. ■ In cooperation with law enforcement, establishing and maintaining a staffing reserve. ■ Coordinating deployment of reserve personnel to CTWS departments requiring augmentation. ■ Establishing emergency purchasing procedures and/or a disaster contingency fund. 3-11 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities ■ Maintaining records of emergency-related expenditures for purchases and personnel. ■ Restocking emergency supplies and stockpiles post-event. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 7 – Logistics Management and Resource Support, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See ESF 7 – Logistics Management and Resource Support for more details. 3.2.3.8 Public Health and Emergency Medical Services (ESF 8) Public Health Services Primary Agency: Fire & Safety Department, Health and Human Services Branch Supporting Agencies: Chief Operations Officer, Social Services Department, Oregon Health Authority Public Health Preparedness, Indian Health Services, American Red Cross Tribal Health and Human Services is responsible for coordinating the public health and welfare services required to cope with the control of communicable and non-communicable diseases associated with major emergencies, disasters, and/or widespread outbreaks. Such outbreaks may be caused by bioterrorism, epidemic or pandemic diseases, novel and highly fatal infectious agents, or biological or chemical toxin incidents. Relevant operations are detailed in the CTWS EOP, ESF 6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services and ESF 8 – Public Health and Medical Services. Responsibilities related to public health include: ■ Coordinating with hospitals, clinics, nursing homes/care centers, and behavioral health organizations for adequate provision of public health, medical, and behavioral health services, including making provisions for access and functional needs populations. ■ Coordinating public health surveillance. ■ Coordinating mass prophylaxis and delivery and distribution set-up of the Strategic National Stockpile, if needed. ■ Coordinating mass fatality operations with the Medical Examiner and Funeral Directors to provide identification and disposal of the dead. ■ Coordinating isolation and/or quarantine actions, as needed and permitted. ■ Coordinating dissemination of public health information. 3-12 CTWS EOP Basic Plan 3. Roles and Responsibilities ■ Designating a coordinator/liaison to participate in all phases of the CTWS emergency management program, when necessary or as requested. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance of ESF 8 – Public Health and Medical Services, as well as supporting plans, procedures, and annexes. See ESF 8 – Public Health and Medical Services for more details. Emergency Medical Services Primary Agency: Fire & Safety Department Supporting Agencies: Chief Operations Officer, Area EMS Agencies, Area Medical Facilities, Medical Examiner EMS-related responsibilities include: ■ Providing emergency medical care and transport. ■ Coordinating EMS resources. ■ Requesting additional EMS assets as necessary. ■ Supporting the preparation and maintenance [Text truncated at 120,000 characters. The full text is on the page linked above.] --- Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/tribal%3Aconfederated_warm_springs%3Af9c2294355465470. Public record. Not legal advice.