# Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps > Briefs, arguments, decisions, and more. URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/fr%3A2015-23439 ## Record - **Collection:** Federal Register - **Document type:** Proposed Rule - **Published:** November 9, 2015 - **Citation:** 80 FR 69278 ## Text DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 10 CFR Parts 429 and 430 [Docket No. EERE-2009-BT-TP-0004] RIN 1904-AB94 Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy. ACTION: Supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) proposes to revise its test procedures for central air conditioners and heat pumps established under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act. DOE proposed amendments to the test procedure in a June 2010 notice of proposed rulemaking (NOPR), an April 2011 supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking (SNOPR), and an October 2011 SNOPR. DOE provided additional time for stakeholder comment in a December 2011 extension of the comment period for the October 2011 SNOPR. DOE received further public comment for revising the test procedure in a November 2014 Request for Information for energy conservation standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps. DOE proposes in this SNOPR: A new basic model definition as it pertains to central air conditioners and heat pumps and revised rating requirements; revised alternative efficiency determination methods; termination of active waivers and interim waivers; revised procedures to determine off mode power consumption; changes to the test procedure that would improve test repeatability and reduce test burden; clarifications to ambiguous sections of the test procedure intended also to improve test repeatability; inclusion of, amendments to, and withdrawals of test procedure revisions proposed in published test procedure notices in the rulemaking effort leading to this supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking; and changes to the test procedure that would improve field representativeness. Some of these proposals also include incorporation by reference of updated industry standards. DOE welcomes comments from the public on any subject within the scope of this test procedure rulemaking. DATES: DOE will accept comments, data, and information regarding this supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking (SNOPR) no later than December 9, 2015. See section V, “Public Participation,” for details. ADDRESSES: Any comments submitted must identify the SNOPR for test procedures for central air conditioners and heat pumps, and provide docket number EE-2009-BT-TP-0004 and/or regulatory information number (RIN) number 1904-AB94. Comments may be submitted using any of the following methods: 1. Federal eRulemaking Portal: www.regulations.gov . Follow the instructions for submitting comments. 2. Email: RCAC-HP-2009-TP-0004@ee.doe.gov . Include the docket number EE-2009-BT-TP-0004 and/or 1904-AB94 RIN in the subject line of the message. 3. Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy, Building Technologies Office, Mailstop EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. If possible, please submit all items on a CD, in which case it is not necessary to include printed copies. 4. Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy, Building Technologies Office, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW., Suite 600, Washington, DC 20024. Telephone: (202) 586-2945. If possible, please submit all items on a CD, in which case it is not necessary to include printed copies. For detailed instructions on submitting comments and additional information on the rulemaking process, see section V of this document (Public Participation). Docket: The docket, which includes Federal Register notices, public meeting attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and other supporting documents/materials, is available for review at www.regulations.gov . All documents in the docket are listed in the regulations.gov index. However, some documents listed in the index, such as those containing information that is exempt from public disclosure, may not be publicly available. A link to the docket Web page can be found at: www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/rulemaking.aspx/ruleid/72 . This Web page will contain a link to the docket for this notice on the www.regulations.gov site. The www.regulations.gov Web page will contain simple instructions on how to access all documents, including public comments, in the docket. See section V for information on how to submit comments through regulations.gov. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ashley Armstrong, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-6590. Email: Ashley.Armstrong@ee.doe.gov . Johanna Hariharan, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC, 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 287-6307. Email: Johanna.Hariharan@hq.doe.gov . For further information on how to submit a comment, review other public comments and the docket, or participate in the public meeting, contact Ms. Brenda Edwards at (202) 586-2945 or by email: Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: DOE intends to incorporate by reference the following industry standards into Part 430: (1) ANSI/AHRI 210/240-2008 with Addenda 1 and 2: Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning & Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment, 2012; (2) AHRI 210/240-Draft: Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning & Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment; (3) ANSI/AHRI 1230-2010 with Addendum 2: Performance Rating of Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) Multi-Split Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment, 2010; (4) ASHRAE 23.1-2010: Methods of Testing for Rating the Performance of Positive Displacement Refrigerant Compressors and Condensing Units that Operate at Subcritical Temperatures of the Refrigerant; (5) ASHRAE Standard 37-2009, Methods of Testing for Rating Electrically Driven Unitary Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment; (6) ASHRAE 41.1-2013: Standard Method for Temperature Measurement; ASHRAE 41.6-2014: Standard Method for Humidity Measurement; (7) ASHRAE 41.9-2011: Standard Methods for Volatile-Refrigerant Mass Flow Measurements Using Calorimeters; (8) ASHRAE/AMCA 51-07/210-07, Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating. Copies of ANSI/AHRI 210/240-2008 and ANSI/AHRI 1230-2010 can be obtained from the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute, 2111 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22201, USA, 703-524-8800, or by going to http://www.ahrinet.org/site/686/Standards/HVACR-Industry-Standards/Search-Standards . A copy of AHRI 210/240- Draft is available on the rulemaking Web page (Docket EERE-2009-BT-TP-0004-0045). Copies of ASHRAE 23.1-2010, ASHRAE Standard 37-2009, ASHRAE 41.1-2013, and ASHRAE 41.9-2011 can be purchased from ASHRAE's Web site at https://www.ashrae.org/resources-publications . Copies of ASHRAE/AMCA 51-07/210-07 can be purchases from AMCA's Web site at http://www.amca.org/store/index.php . Table of Contents I. Authority and Background A. Authority B. Background II. Summary of the Supplementary Notice of Proposed Rulemaking III. Discussion A. Definitions, Testing, Rating, and Compliance of Basic Models of Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps 1. Basic Model Definition 2. Additional Definitions 3. Determination of Certified Rating 4. Compliance With Federal (National or Regional) Standards 5. Certification Reports 6. Represented Values 7. Product-Specific Enforcement Provisions B. Alternative Efficiency Determination Methods 1. General Background 2. Terminology 3. Elimination of the Pre-Approval Requirement 4. AEDM Validation 5. Requirements for Independent Coil Manufacturers 6. AEDM Verification Testing 7. Failure to Meet Certified Ratings 8. Action Following a Determination of Noncompliance C. Waiver Procedures 1. Termination of Waivers Pertaining to Air-to-Water Heat Pump Products With Integrated Domestic Water Heating 2. Termination of Waivers Pertaining to Multi-Circuit Products 3. Termination of Waiver and Clarification of the Test Procedure Pertaining to Multi-Blower Products 4. Termination of Waiver Pertaining to Triple-Capacity, Northern Heat Pump Products D. Measurement of Off Mode Power Consumption 1. Test Temperatures 2. Calculation and Weighting of P1 and P2 3. Products With Large, Multiple or Modulated Compressors 4. Procedure for Measuring Low-Voltage Component Power 5. Revision of Off-Mode Power Consumption Equations 6. Off-Mode Power Consumption for Split Systems 7. Time Delay Credit 8. Test Metric for Off-Mode Power Consumption 9. Impacts on Product Reliability 10. Representative Measurement of Energy Use E. Test Repeatability Improvement and Test Burden Reduction 1. Indoor Fan Speed Settings 2. Requirements for the Refrigerant Lines and Mass Flow Meter 3. Outdoor Room Temperature Variation 4. Method of Measuring Inlet Air Temperature on the Outdoor Side 5. Requirements for the Air Sampling Device 6. Variation in Maximum Compressor Speed With Outdoor Temperature 7. Refrigerant Charging Requirements 8. Alternative Arrangement for Thermal Loss Prevention for Cyclic Tests 9. Test Unit Voltage Supply 10. Coefficient of Cyclic Degradation 11. Break-in Periods Prior to Testing 12. Industry Standards That Are Incorporated by Reference 13. Withdrawing References to ASHRAE Standard 116-1995 (RA 2005) 14. Additional Changes Based on AHRI 210/240-Draft 15. Damping Pressure Transducer Signals F. Clarification of Test Procedure Provisions 1. Manufacturer Consultation 2. Incorporation by Reference of ANSI/AHRI Standard 1230-2010 3. Replacement of the Informative Guidance Table for Using the Federal Test Procedure 4. Clarifying the Definition of a Mini-Split System 5. Clarifying the Definition of a Multi-Split System G. Test Procedure Reprint H. Improving Field Representativeness of the Test Procedure 1. Minimum External Static Pressure Requirements for Conventional Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps 2. Minimum External Static Pressure Adjustment for Blower Coil Systems Tested With Condensing Furnaces 3. Default Fan Power for Coil-Only Systems 4. Revised Heating Load Line 5. Revised Heating Mode Test Procedure for Products Equipped With Variable-Speed Compressors I. Identified Test Procedure Issues DOE May Consider in Future Rulemakings 1. Controlling Variable Capacity Units to Field Conditions 2. Revised Ambient Test Conditions 3. Performance Reporting at Certain Air Volume Flow Rates 4. Cyclic Test With a Wet Coil 5. Inclusion of the Calculation for Sensible Heating Ratio J. Compliance With Other Energy Policy and Conservation Act Requirements 1. Test Burden 2. Potential Incorporation of International Electrotechnical Commission Standard 62301 and International Electrotechnical Commission Standard 62087 IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review A. Review Under Executive Order 12866 B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 E. Review Under Executive Order 13132 F. Review Under Executive Order 12988 G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1999 I. Review Under Executive Order 12630 J. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2001 K. Review Under Executive Order 13211 L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 M. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference V. Public Participation A. Attendance at Public Meeting B. Procedure for Submitting Prepared General Statements for Distribution C. Conduct of Public Meeting D. Submission of Comments E. Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment VI. Approval of the Office of the Secretary I. Authority and Background A. Authority Title III, Part B of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA or the Act), Pub. L. 94-163 (42 U.S.C. 6291−6309, as codified), established the Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other Than Automobiles, a program covering most major household appliances, including the single phase central air conditioners and heat pumps 1 with rated cooling capacities less than 65,000 British thermal units per hour (Btu/h) that are the focus of this notice. 2 (42 U.S.C. 6291(1)-(2), (21) and 6292(a)(3)) 1 Where this notice uses the terms “HVAC” or “CAC/CHP”, they are in reference specifically to central air conditioners and heat pumps as covered by EPCA. 2 For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code, Part B was re-designated Part A. Under EPCA, the program consists of four activities: (1) Testing; (2) labeling; (3) Federal energy conservation standards; and (4) certification, compliance, and enforcement. The testing requirements consist of test procedures that manufacturers of covered products must use as the basis for certifying to DOE that their products comply with applicable energy conservation standards adopted pursuant to EPCA and for representing the efficiency of those products. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c); 42 U.S.C. 6295(s)) Similarly, DOE must use these test procedures in any enforcement action to determine whether covered products comply with these energy conservation standards. (42 U.S.C. 6295(s)) Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth criteria and procedures for DOE's adoption and amendment of such test procedures. Specifically, EPCA provides that an amended test procedure shall produce results which measure the energy efficiency, energy use, or estimated annual operating cost of a covered product over an average or representative period of use, and shall not be unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) In addition, if DOE determines that a test procedure amendment is warranted, it must publish proposed test procedures and offer the public an opportunity to present oral and written comments on them. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(2)) Furthermore, DOE must review test procedures at least once every 7 years. (42 U.S.C 6293(b)(1)(A)) DOE last published a test procedure final rule for central air conditioner and heat pumps on October 22, 2007. 72 FR 59906. Finally, in any rulemaking to amend a test procedure, DOE must determine whether and the extent to which the proposed test procedure would change the measured efficiency of a system that was tested under the existing test procedure. (42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(1)) If DOE determines that the amended test procedure would alter the measured efficiency of a covered product, DOE must amend the applicable energy conservation standard accordingly. (42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(2)) DOE's existing test procedures for central air conditioners and heat pumps adopted pursuant to these provisions appear under Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 430, Subpart B, Appendix M (“Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps”). These procedures establish the currently permitted means for determining energy efficiency and annual energy consumption of these products. Some amendments proposed in this SNOPR will not alter the measured efficiency of central air conditioners and heat pumps, and thus are being proposed as revisions to the current Appendix M. Other amendments proposed in this SNOPR will alter the measured efficiency, as represented in the regulating metrics of energy efficiency ratio (EER), seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), and heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF). These amendments are proposed as part of a new Appendix M1. The test procedure changes proposed in this notice as part of a new Appendix M1, if adopted, would not become mandatory until the existing energy conservation standards are revised. (42 U.S.C. 6293(e)(2)) In revising the energy conservation standards, DOE would create a cross-walk from the existing standards under the current test procedure to what the standards would be if tested using the revised test procedure. DOE would then use the cross-walked equivalent of the existing standard as the baseline for its standards analysis to prevent back-sliding as required under 42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(1). On December 19, 2007, the President signed the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007), Pub. L. 110-140, which contains numerous amendments to EPCA. Section 310 of EISA 2007 established that the Department's test procedures for all covered products must account for standby mode and off mode energy consumption. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A)) For central air conditioners and heat pumps, standby mode is incorporated into the SEER metric, while off mode power consumption is separately regulated. This SNOPR includes proposals relevant to the determination of both SEER (including standby mode) and off mode power consumption. 10 CFR 430.27 allows manufacturers to submit an application for an interim waiver and/r a petition for a waiver granting relief from adhering to the test procedure requirements found under 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, Appendix M. For those waivers that are active, however, 10 CFR 430.27(l) requires DOE to amend its regulations so as to eliminate any need for the continuation of such waivers. To this end, this notice proposes relevant amendments to its test procedure concerning such waivers. B. Background This SNOPR addresses proposals and comments from three separate rulemakings, two guidance documents, and a working group: (1) Proposals for off mode test procedures made in earlier notices as part of this rulemaking (Docket No. EERE-2009-BT-TP-0004); (2) proposals regarding alternative efficiency determination methods (Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-TP-0024); (3) stakeholder comments from a request for information regarding energy conservation standards (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-STD-0048); (4) a draft guidance document related to testing and rating split systems with blower coil units (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033); (5) a draft guidance document that deals with selecting units for testing, rating, and certifying split-system combinations, including discussion of basic models and of condensing units and evaporator coils sold separately for replacement installation (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032); and (6) the recommendations of the regional standards enforcement Working Group (Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-CE-0077). DOE's initial proposals for estimating off mode power consumption in the test procedure for central air conditioners and heat pumps were shared with the public in a notice of proposed rulemaking published in the Federal Register on June 2, 2010 (June 2010 NOPR; 75 FR 31224) and at a public meeting at DOE headquarters in Washington, DC on June 11, 2010. Subsequently, DOE published a supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking (SNOPR) on April 1, 2011, in response to comments received on the June 2010 NOPR and due to the results of additional laboratory testing conducted by DOE. (April 2011 SNOPR) 76 FR 18105, 18127. DOE received additional comments in response to the April 2011 SNOPR and proposed an amended version of the off mode procedure that addressed those comments in a second SNOPR on October 24, 2011 (October 2011 SNOPR). 76 FR 65616. DOE received additional comments during the comment period of the October 24, 2011 SNOPR and the subsequent extended comment period. 76 FR 79135. Between the April 2011 and October 2011 SNOPRs, DOE published a direct final rule (DFR) in the Federal Register on June 27, 2011 that set forth amended energy conservation standards for central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps, including a new standard for off mode electrical power consumption. (June 2011 DFR) 76 FR 37408. Units manufactured on or after January 1, 2015, are subject to that standard for off mode electrical power consumption. 10 CFR 430.32(c)(6). However, on July 8, 2014, DOE published an enforcement policy statement regarding off mode standards for central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps 3 (July 2014 Enforcement Policy Statement) specifying that DOE will not assert civil penalty authority for violation of the off mode standard until 180 days following publication of a final rule establishing a test method for measuring off mode electrical power consumption. 3 Available at: http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/07/f17/Enforcement%20Policy%20Statement%20-%20cac%20off%20mode.pdf (Last accessed March 30, 2015.) DOE also pursued, in a request for information (RFI) published on April 18, 2011 (AEDM RFI) (76 FR 21673), and a NOPR published on May 31, 2012 (AEDM NOPR) (77 FR 32038), revisions to its existing alternative efficiency determination methods (AEDM) and alternative rating methods (ARM) requirements to improve the approach by which manufacturers may use modeling techniques as the basis to certify consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment covered under EPCA. DOE also published a final rule regarding AEDM requirements for commercial and industrial equipment only (Commercial Equipment AEDM FR). 78 FR 79579. This SNOPR addresses the proposals made and comments received in the AEDM NOPR applicable to central air conditioners and heat pumps and makes additional proposals. On June 13, 2014, DOE published a notice of intent to form a working group to negotiate enforcement of regional standards for central air conditioners and requested nominations from parties interested in serving as members of the Working Group. 79 FR 33870. On July 16, 2014, the Department published a notice of membership announcing the eighteen nominations that were selected to serve as members of the Working Group, in addition to two members from Appliance Standards and Rulemaking Federal Advisory Committee (ASRAC), and one DOE representative. 79 FR 41456. The Working Group identified a number of issues related to testing and certification that are being addressed in this rule. In addition, all nongovernmental participants of the Working Group approved the final report contingent on upon the issuance of the final guidance on Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032 0032 and Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033 consistent with the understanding of the Working Group as set forth in its recommendations. (Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-CE-0077-0070, Attachment) This SNOPR responds to comments on the August 19 and 20, 2014, guidance documents related to testing and rating split systems, which are discussed in more detail in section III.A. The proposed changes supplant these two draft guidance documents; DOE will not finalize the draft guidance documents and instead will provide any necessary clarity through this notice and the final rule. DOE believes the proposed changes are consistent with the intent of the Working Group. On November 5, 2014, DOE published a request for information for energy conservation standards (ECS) for central air conditioners and heat pumps (November 2014 ECS RFI). 79 FR 65603. In response, several stakeholders provided comments suggesting that DOE amend the current test procedure. This SNOPR responds to those test procedure-related comments. II. Summary of the Supplementary Notice of Proposed Rulemaking This supplementary notice of proposed rulemaking (SNOPR) proposes revising the certification requirements and test procedure for central air conditioners and heat pumps based on various published material as discussed in section I.B. DOE proposes to revise the basic model definition, add additional definitions for clarity, make certain revisions to the testing requirements for determination of certified ratings, add certain certification reporting requirements, revise requirements for determination of represented values, and add product-specific enforcement provisions. Some of the proposed revisions to the certification requirements would impact the energy conservation standard and thus would not be effective until the compliance date of any amended energy conservation standards. DOE proposes to update requirements for Alternative Rating Methods (ARMs) used to determine performance metrics for central air conditioners and heat pumps based on the regulations for Alternative Efficiency Determination Methods (AEDMs) that are used to estimate performance for commercial HVAC equipment. Specifically, for central air conditioners and heat pumps, DOE proposes: (1) Revisions to nomenclature regarding ARMs; (2) rescinding DOE pre-approval of an ARM prior to use; (3) AEDM validation requirements; (4) a verification testing process; (5) actions a manufacturer could take following a verification test failure; and (6) consequences for invalid ratings. These proposed changes do not impact the energy conservation standard. DOE proposes to revise the test procedure such that tests of multi-circuit products, triple-capacity northern heat pump products, and multi-blower products can be performed without the need of an interim waiver or a waiver. Existing interim waivers and waivers, as applicable, regarding these products would terminate on the effective date of a final rule promulgating the proposals in this SNOPR. DOE also reaffirms that the waivers associated with multi-split products have already terminated and that these products can also be tested using the current and proposed test procedure. These proposed changes do not impact the energy conservation standard and thus are proposed as part of revisions to Appendix M. DOE also proposes to clarify that air-to-water heat pump products integrated with domestic water heating are not subject to central air conditioner and heat pump energy conservation standards. Accordingly, the waiver regarding these products would terminate effective 180 days after publication of a final rule that incorporates the proposals in this SNOPR. DOE proposes revisions to the test methods and calculations for off mode power consumption that were proposed or modified in the June 2010 NOPR, April 2011 SNOPR, and October 2011 SNOPR. These revisions address comments received in response to the October 2011 SNOPR suggesting that test methods and calculations more accurately represent off-mode power consumption in field applications. These proposed changes do not impact the energy conservation standard. Specifically, DOE proposes the following: (1) Establishment of separate testing and calculations that would depend on whether the tested unit is equipped with a crankcase heater and whether the crankcase heater is controlled during the test; (2) Alteration of the testing temperatures such that the crankcase heater is tested in outdoor air conditions that are representative of the shoulder and heating seasons; (3) Changing of the testing methodology for determining the power consumption of the low-voltage components ( P X ); (4) Changing of the calculation of the off mode power rating ( P W,OFF ) such that the off mode power for the shoulder and heating seasons are equally weighted; (5) Implementation of a time delay credit for energy consumption, including credits in the form of scaling factors and multipliers for energy-efficient products that require larger crankcase heaters to maintain product reliability; (6) Addition of an alternative energy determination method for determining off mode power for coil-only split-systems; and (7) Inclusion of a means for calculating a basic model's annual off mode energy use, from which manufacturers could make representations about their products' off mode energy use. DOE also proposes changes to improve the repeatability and reduce the test burden of the test procedure. These proposed changes do not impact the energy conservation standard. Specifically, DOE proposes the following: (1) Clarification of fan speed settings; (2) Clarification of insulation requirements for refrigerant lines and addition of a requirement for insulating mass flow meters; (3) Addition of a requirement to demonstrate inlet air temperature uniformity for the outdoor unit using thermocouples; (4) Addition of a requirement that outdoor air conditions be measured using sensors measuring the air captured by the air sampling device(s) rather than the temperature sensors located in the air stream approaching the inlets; (5) Addition of a requirement that the air sampling device and the tubing that transfers the collected air to the dry bulb temperature sensor be at least two inches from the test chamber floor, and a requirement that humidity measurements be based on dry bulb temperature measurements made at the same location as the corresponding wet bulb temperature measurements used to determine humidity; (6) Clarification of maximum speed for variable-speed compressors; (7) Addition of requirements that improve consistency of refrigerant charging procedures; (8) Allowance of an alternative arrangement for cyclic tests to replace the currently-required damper in the inlet portion of the indoor air ductwork for single-package ducted units; (9) Clarification of the proper supply voltage for testing; (10) Revision of the determination of the coefficient of cyclic degradation (C D ); (11) Option for a break-in period of up to 20 hours; (12) Update of references to industry standards where appropriate; (13) Withdrawal of all references to ASHRAE Standard 116-1995; (14) Inclusion of information from the draft AHRI 210/240; and (15) Provisions regarding damping of pressure transducer signals to avoid exceeding test operating tolerances due to high frequency fluctuations. Lastly, DOE proposes clarifications of any sections of the test procedure that may be ambiguous. Specifically, DOE proposes to add reference to an industry standard for testing variable refrigerant flow multi-split systems; replace the informative guidance table for using the test procedure; and clarify definitions of multi-split systems and mini-split systems, which DOE now proposes to call single-zone-multiple-unit systems. These proposed changes do not impact the energy conservation standard. DOE notes that all the above-listed proposed changes to the test procedure would not impact the energy conservation standard and as such are proposed as part of a revised Appendix M. Given the extensive changes proposed for Appendix M, DOE has provided a full re-print of Appendix M in the regulatory text of this SNOPR that includes the changes proposed in this SNOPR as well as those proposed in the June 2010 NOPR and the April 2011 and October 2011 SNOPRs that have not been withdrawn. DOE also proposes various changes to the test procedure that would affect the energy conservation standard and proposes incorporating these changes in a new appendix, Appendix M1 to Subpart B of 10 CFR part 430, which includes the text of Appendix M to Subpart B of 10 CFR part 430 with amendments as proposed in this SNOPR. Specifically, DOE proposes the following: (1) Increase the minimum external static pressure requirements for conventional central air conditioners and heat pumps to better represent the external static pressure conditions in field installations; 4 4 Conventional central air conditioners and heat pumps are those products that are not short duct systems (see section III.F.2) or small-duct, high-velocity systems. (2) Add a minimum external static pressure adjustment to correct for potentially unrepresentative external static pressure conditions for blower coil systems tested with condensing furnaces; (3) Raise the default fan power for coil-only systems; (4) Adjust the heating load line equation such that the zero load point occurs at 55 °F for Region IV, the adjustment factor is 1.3, and the heating load is tied with the heat pump's cooling capacity; and (5) Revise the heating mode test procedure to allow more options for products equipped with variable-speed compressors. DOE proposes to make the test procedure revisions in this SNOPR as reflected in the revised Appendix M to Subpart B of 10 CFR part 430 effective on a date 180 days after publication of the test procedure final rule in the Federal Register and mandatory for testing to determine compliance with the existing energy conservation standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps as of that date. DOE proposes to make the test procedure revisions in this SNOPR as reflected in the proposed new Appendix M1 to Subpart B of 10 CFR part 430 effective on the compliance date of the revised energy conservation standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps and mandatory for testing to determine compliance with said revised standards as of that date. DOE will address any comments received in response to this SNOPR in the test procedure final rule. As noted in section I.A, 42 U.S.C. 6293(e) requires that DOE shall determine to what extent, if any, the proposed test procedure would alter the measured energy efficiency and measured energy use. DOE has determined that some of these proposed amendments would result in a change in measured energy efficiency and measured energy use for central air conditioners and heat pumps. Therefore, DOE is conducting a separate rulemaking to amend the energy conservation standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps with respect to the revised test procedure, once its proposals become final. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-STD-0048) III. Discussion This section discusses the revisions to the certification requirements and test procedure that DOE proposes in this SNOPR. A. Definitions, Testing, Rating, and Compliance of Basic Models of Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps On August 19 and 20, 2014, DOE issued two draft guidance documents regarding the test procedure for central air conditioners and heat pumps. One guidance document dealt with testing and rating split systems with blower coil indoor units (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033); and the other dealt more generally with selecting units for testing, rating, and certifying split-system combinations, including discussion of basic models and of condensing units and evaporator coils sold separately for replacement installation (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032). The comments in response to these draft guidance documents are discussed in this section of the notice. DOE has proposed changes to the substance of the draft guidance that reflects the comments received as well as the recommendations of the regional standards enforcement Working Group (Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-CE-0077-0070, Attachment). The proposed changes supplant the two draft guidance documents; DOE will not finalize the draft guidance documents and instead will provide any necessary clarity through this notice and the final rule. 1. Basic Model Definition In the August 20, 2014 draft guidance document (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032), DOE clarified that a basic model means all units of a given type (or class thereof) having the same primary energy source, and which have essentially identical electrical, physical, and functional characteristics that affect energy efficiency. 10 CFR 430.2. DOE noted that for split-system units, this includes a condensing (outdoor) unit and a coil-only or blower coil indoor unit. 5 5 DOE notes that a blower coil indoor unit may consist of separate units, one that includes the indoor coil and another that is an air mover, either a modular blower or a furnace. Alternatively, a blower coil indoor unit may be a single unit that includes both the indoor coil and the indoor fan. Hence, in further discussion, “blower coil indoor unit” may be any one of these three options. In the guidance document, DOE also stated that if a company intended to claim ratings for each combination of outdoor unit and indoor unit, it must certify all possible model combinations as separate basic models. Only the basic model combinations that include a highest sales volume combination (HSVC) indoor unit for a given outdoor unit must be tested, while the other basic models may be rated with an ARM. Alternatively, the manufacturer could make all combinations of a given model of outdoor unit part of the same basic model and not rate all individual combinations. However, all combinations within the basic model would have to have the same represented efficiency, based on the least efficient combination. This association would be included in the certification report. In response to the draft guidance document, AHRI and Johnson Controls (JCI) stated that there was a difference between DOE's definition of Basic Model and the industry's use of Basic Model Groups (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, AHRI, No. 8 at p. 1; JCI, No. 5 at p. 3) Johnson Controls specified that most manufacturers consider a specific outdoor model with all combinations of indoor units to be a basic model and notes that DOE's definition appeared to allow outdoor units to be combined into a basic model if they share the same ratings. ( Id. ) DOE reviewed AHRI's Operations Manual for Unitary Small Air-Conditioners and Air-Source Heat Pumps (Includes Mixed-Match Coils) (Rated Below 65,000 Btu/h) Certification Program (AHRI OM 210/240—January 2014). 6 This document specifies the following definitions: 6 Available at: www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/Certification/OM%20pdfs/USE_OM.pdf (Last accessed March 20, 2015.) A Split System BMG [Basic Model Group 7 ] consists of products with the same Outdoor Unit used with several Indoor Unit combinations ( i.e. horizontal, vertical, A-coil, etc.). Same Outdoor Unit refers to models with the same or comparable compressor, used with the same outdoor coil surface area and the same outdoor air quantity. 7 According to the AHRI General Operations Manual, a basic model is a product possessing a discrete performance rating, whereas a basic model group is a set of models that share characteristics that allow the performance of one model to be representative of the group, although the group does not have to share discrete performance. (General OM—October 2013). Available at: www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/Certification/OM%20pdfs/General_OM.pdf . (Last accessed March 24, 2015.) An ICM [Independent Coil Manufacturer] BMG consists of coils (Indoor Units) with matching capacity ranges of 6,000 Btu/h and the following identical geometry parameters: Air-handler, evaporator fan type, evaporator number of rows, type of equipment (air-cooled, water-cooled or evaporatively-cooled), evaporator tube centers, evaporator fin types, evaporator fins/inch, evaporator tube OD, evaporator expansion device, fin length per slab, fin height per slab, number of slabs in the coil, fin material type, tube material type, and total number of active tubes (refer to Table H1). In order to create consistency within the industry, DOE proposes to modify its basic model definition for central air conditioners and heat pumps. Specifically, DOE proposes that manufacturers would have a choice in how to assign individual models (for single-package units) or combinations (for split systems) to basic models. Specifically, manufacturers may consider each individual model/combination its own basic model, or manufacturers may assign all individual models of the same single-package system or all individual combinations using the same model of outdoor unit (for outdoor unit manufacturers (OUM)) or model of indoor unit (for independent coil manufacturers (ICM)) to the same basic model. DOE believes that this proposal is consistent with the existing general definition of basic model which refers to all units having the same primary energy source and having essentially identical electrical, physical, and functional characteristics that affect energy consumption or energy efficiency. However, DOE proposes to further define the physical characteristics necessary to assign individual models or combinations to the same basic model: (i) For split-systems manufactured by independent coil manufacturers (ICMs) and for small-duct, high velocity systems: All individual combinations having the same model of indoor unit, which means the same or comparably performing indoor coil(s) [same face area; fin material, depth, style ( e.g. wavy, louvered), and density (fins per inch); tube pattern, material, diameter, wall thickness, and internal enhancement], indoor fan(s) [same air flow with the same indoor coil and external static pressure, same power input], auxiliary refrigeration system components if present ( e.g. expansion valve), and controls. (ii) for split-systems manufactured by outdoor unit manufacturers (OUMs): All individual combinations having the same model of outdoor unit, which means the same or comparably performing compressor(s) [same displacement rate (volume per time) and same capacity and power input when tested under the same operating conditions], outdoor coil(s) [same face area; fin material, depth, style ( e.g. wavy, louvered), and density (fins per inch); tube pattern, material, diameter, wall thickness, and internal enhancement], outdoor fan(s) [same air flow with the same outdoor coil, same power input], auxiliary refrigeration system components if present ( e.g. suction accumulator, reversing valve, expansion valve), and controls. The proposed requirements for single-package models combine the requirements listed describing the characteristics of the same models of indoor units and same models of outdoor units. DOE requests comment on its proposal to modify the definition of “basic model”, as well as the proposed physical characteristics required for assigning individual models or combinations to the same basic model, as described above. If manufacturers assign each individual model or combination to its own basic model, DOE proposes that each individual model/combination must be tested and that an AEDM cannot be applied. This option would limit a manufacturer's risk in terms of noncompliance but would represent increased testing burden compared to the other option. If manufacturers assign all individual combinations of a model of outdoor unit (for OUMs) or model of indoor unit (for ICMs) to a single basic model, DOE further proposes that, in contrast to the draft guidance document and DOE's current regulations, each individual combination within a basic model ( i.e., having the same model of outdoor unit for OUMs, or having the same model of indoor unit for ICMs) must be certified with a rating determined for that individual combination. In other words, individual combinations within the same basic model that have different SEER ratings, for example, would be certified with their individual ratings, rather than with the lowest SEER of the basic model. However, only one individual combination in each basic model would have to be tested (see section III.A.3.a), while the others may be rated using an AEDM. This option reduces testing burden but increases risk. Specifically, if any one of the combinations within a basic model fails to meet the applicable standard, then all of the combinations within the basic model fail, and the entire basic model must be taken off the market (i.e., the model of outdoor unit for OUMs and the model of indoor unit for ICMs). All combinations offered for sale ( e.g., for OUMs, based on a given model of outdoor unit which is the basis of the basic model) must be certified, and all of these combinations within the basic model must meet applicable standards. DOE notes that under this proposed rule, ICMs and OUMs will continue to have an independent obligation to test, provide certified ratings, and ensure compliance with applicable standards. By way of example, a manufacturer has two models of outdoor units, models A and B. Each of models A and B can be paired with any of three models of indoor units—models 1, 2, and 3. Per the guidance document, the manufacturer could either: (1) Make each combination a separate basic model ( i.e., A-1, A-2, A-3, B-1, B-2, and B-3), test the HSVC for each model of outdoor unit (A and B), and rate the other basic models with an ARM; (2) make each combination a separate basic model and test each of them; or (3) make combinations A-2 and A-3 part of basic model A-1 (and similarly B-2 and B-3 part of B-1) and represent the efficiency of all three with the same certified rating at the least efficient combination in the basic model. In this proposal, the manufacturer could either: (1) Make each combination a separate basic model and test and rate each combination; or (2) make combinations A-2 and A-3 part of basic model A-1 (and similarly B-2 and B-3 part of B-1), test the HSVC combination for the model of outdoor unit, and test or use an AEDM to rate the efficiency of all other combinations in the basic model. DOE notes that unlike in the current “basic model” definition that contains less detail on what constitutes essentially identical characteristics, under DOE's new proposal, manufacturers would not be able to assign different models of outdoor units (for OUMs) or models of indoor units (for ICMs) to a single basic model Based on a review of certification data, it appears that most manufacturers are not currently doing this, so DOE expects this proposal to have limited impact on current practices. Additional rating and certification requirements for single-package models and multi-split, multi-circuit, and single-zone-multiple-coil models are described in section III.A.3.c. Revisions to the test procedure as proposed in section III.D of this SNOPR enable the determination of off mode power consumption, which reflects the operation of the contributing components: Crankcase heater and low-voltage controls. Varying designs of these components produce different off mode power consumption. DOE proposes that if individual combinations that are otherwise identical are offered with multiple options for off mode related components, manufacturers at a minimum must rate the individual combination with the crankcase heater and controls which are the most consumptive ( i.e., would result in the largest value of P W,OFF ). If a manufacturer wishes to also make representations for less consumptive off mode options for the same individual combination, the manufacturer may provide separate ratings, but the manufacturer must differentiate the individual model numbers for these ratings. These individual combinations would be within the same basic model. DOE discusses this in relation to single-package units in section III.A.3.e. DOE also proposes to clarify that a central air conditioner or central air conditioning heat pump may consist of: A single-package unit; an outdoor unit and one or more indoor units ( e.g., a single-split or multi-split system); an indoor unit only (rated as a combination by an ICM with an OUM's outdoor unit); or an outdoor unit only (with no match, rated by an OUM with the coil specified in this test procedure). DOE has proposed adding these specifications to the definition of central air conditioner or central air conditioning heat pump in 10 CFR 430.2. In the certification reports submitted by OUMs for split systems, DOE proposes that manufacturers must report the basic model number as well as the individual model numbers of the indoor unit(s) and the air mover where applicable. 2. Additional Definitions In order to specify differences in the proposed basic model definition for ICMs and OUMs, DOE also proposes the following definitions: Independent coil manufacturer (ICM) means a manufacturer that manufactures indoor units but does not manufacture single-package units or outdoor units. Outdoor unit manufacturer (OUM) means a manufacturer of single-package units, outdoor units, and/or both indoor units and outdoor units. With respect to any given basic model, a manufacturer could be an ICM or an OUM. DOE notes that the use of the term “manufacturer” in these definitions refers to any person who manufactures, produces, assembles, or imports a consumer product. See 42 U.S.C. 6291(10, 12). DOE also proposes to define variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems as a kind of multi-split system. DOE notes that not all VRF systems are commercial equipment. Therefore, the proposed definition also clarifies that VRF systems that are single-phase and less than 65,000 btu/h are a kind of central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps. DOE also proposes to modify the definition of indoor unit. DOE noted in market research that ICMs may not always provide cooling mode expansion devices with indoor units. Therefore to provide clarity in the testing and rating requirements, DOE proposes to change the definition of “indoor unit” to clarify that it may not include the cooling mode expansion device. Also, for reasons discussed in section III.A.3.f, DOE proposes to include the casing in the definition so that uncased coils will not be considered indoor units: Indoor unit transfers heat between the refrigerant and the indoor air, and consists of an indoor coil and casing and may include a cooling mode expansion device and/or an air moving device. DOE proposes to specify in Appendix M that if the indoor unit does not ship with a cooling mode expansion device, the system should be tested using the device as specified in the installation instructions provided with the indoor unit, or if no device is specified, using a TXV. DOE notes that the AHRI program does not appear to assume that the expansion device is necessarily provided with the coil, i.e., AHRI's operations manual specifies that for testing for the AHRI certification program, the ICM must provide an indoor coil and expansion device. Finally, DOE is proposing to clarify several other definitions currently in 10 CFR 430.2 with minor wording changes and move them to 10 CFR 430, Subpart B, Appendix M. The proposed definition of central air conditioner or central air conditioning heat pump in 10 CFR 430.2 refers the reader to the additional central air conditioner-related definitions in Appendix M. Locating all of the relevant definitions in the appendix will make it easier to find and reference them. DOE also proposes to remove entirely the definitions for “condenser-evaporator coil combination” and “coil family” as those terms no longer appear in the proposed regulations. 3. Determination of Certified Rating During the regional standards Working Group meetings, participants invested a great deal of time and energy discussing the relationship between system ratings and an effective enforcement plan. As part of the negotiations, the Working Group requested that DOE issue guidance regarding the applicability of regional standards to indoor units and outdoor units distributed separately and the applicability of regional standards to different combinations of indoor and outdoor units. DOE developed two draft guidance documents to address these issues. After consideration of the Working Group's discussions and the comments received on the two draft guidance documents, DOE determined that regulatory changes would be necessary to implement the approach agreed to by the Working Group. DOE is proposing several of those regulatory changes as part of this rulemaking. The remainder of the necessary regulatory changes will be addressed in a forthcoming regional standards enforcement notice of proposed rulemaking. During the pendency of the rulemakings (CAC TP and Regional Standards), DOE reaffirms its commitment to the approach advocated by the Working Group, subject to consideration of comments received in the rulemakings to effectuate the necessary changes to the regulations. The following sections describe the two guidance documents and DOE's proposals to address them as part of this rulemaking. a. Single-Split-System Air Conditioners Rated by OUMs In the August 20, 2014 draft guidance document (Aug 20 Guidance) (EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032), DOE proposed to clarify that when selecting which split-system air conditioner and heat pump units to test (in accordance with the DOE test procedure), a unit of each outdoor model must be paired with a unit of one selected indoor model. 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(i). Specifically, the manufacturer must test the condenser-evaporator coil combination that includes the model of evaporator coil that is likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of condensing unit. 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii) (This combination is also known as the highest sales volume combination or HSVC.) That is, the HSVC for each condensing unit may not be rated using an ARM. (See section III.B regarding DOE's proposal to switch from ARMs to AEDMs for this product.) The guidance further stated that for any other split-system combination that includes the same outdoor unit model but a different indoor unit model than the HSVC, manufacturers may determine represented values of energy efficiency (including those values that, for each combination, must be reported in certifications to DOE) of a split-system central air conditioner or heat pump basic model combination either by testing the combination in accordance with the DOE test procedure or by applying an ARM that has been approved by DOE in accordance with the provisions of 10 CFR 429.70(e)(1) and (2). 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii)(A) and (B)(1). In the August 19, 2014 draft guidance document (August 19 Guidance) (EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033), DOE proposed to clarify that split-system central air conditioners other than those with single-speed compressors may be tested and rated using a blower coil only if the condensing unit is sold exclusively for use with a blower coil indoor unit. 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii). The guidance stated that there is no provision in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) permitting use of a blower coil for testing and rating a split-system central air conditioner where the condensing unit is also offered for sale with a coil-only indoor unit, and that, furthermore, there is no provision in the CFR permitting the use of a blower coil for testing and rating a condensing unit with a single-speed compressor. Commenters generally agreed with the information in the August 20 Guidance regarding selecting units for testing, rating, and certifying split-system combinations. In addition, in response to the August 19 Guidance, DOE received nearly identical comments from several stakeholders generally agreeing with the intent of the guidance to emphasize that single-speed compressor products must be tested and rated with a coil-only system as HSVC. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033, AHRI No. 8 at p. 2; Nordyne, No. 9 at p. 1; Lennox, No. 4 at p. 2; Ingersoll Rand, No. 3 at p. 1; Goodman, No. 10 at p. 1; Rheem, No. 2 at p. 2; JCI, No. 5 at p. 2-3) These stakeholders, as well as Mortex, clarified that other combinations besides the HSVC, including blower coil combinations, can be rated through testing or using an ARM. ( Id.; Mortex, No. 6 at p. 1) Stakeholders recommended language identical to or similar to the following: Split-system central air conditioners with single-speed compressors must be tested and rated using a coil-only for the HSVC. 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii). Such single-speed systems may be rated with other coil-only and blower coil indoor units through the use of a DOE approved ARM or by testing. 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii)(A) and 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii)(B). Furthermore, there is no provision in the CFR permitting the use of a blowercoil for testing and rating a condensing unit with a single-speed compressor for the HSVC, unless: • [Version 1] the unit is a mini-split, multi-split or through-the-wall, OR • [Version 2] the unit is sold and installed only with blower-coil indoor units. (Version 1: Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033, Lennox, No. 4 at p. 2; Ingersoll Rand, No. 3 at p. 2; Goodman, No. 10 at p. 3; Rheem, No. 2 at p. 3; JCI, No. 5 at p. 4; Version 2: AHRI No. 8 at p. 3; Nordyne, No. 9 at p. 2) AHRI and several manufacturers disputed that when using a compressor other than single speed, the HSVC can never be a blower coil unless it is exclusively used with a blower coil. AHRI and the manufacturers reported that many multi-stage capacity products are tested and rated with high efficiency blower coil or furnace products as the HSVC even though those systems are also rated for coil-only use. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033, AHRI No. 8 at p. 2; Nordyne, No. 9 at p. 2; Lennox, No. 4 at p. 2; Ingersoll Rand, No. 3 at p. 2; Goodman, No. 10 at p. 2; Rheem, No. 2 at p. 2; Carrier, No. 7 at p. 1) Johnson Controls responded that they test and rate multi-speed compressor units with blower coils or furnace/coils as the HSVC. (JCI, No. 5 at p. 3). AHRI and the manufacturers reported that not allowing this could limit the application of high performing products, and that it is important for units designed for blower coil to also be rated as coil-only to offer certain consumers a compromise of cost and performance. AHRI and the manufacturers proposed the following modified language: Split-system central air conditioners other than those with single-speed compressors (two-stage or multi-stage) may be tested and rated using a blower-coil only as HSVC only if the condensing unit design intent is for use with a blower-coil indoor unit ( e.g. the evaporator coil that is likely to have the largest volume of retails sales with the particular model of condensing unit is a blower-coil). (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0033, AHRI No. 8 at p. 3; Nordyne, No. 9 at p. 2; Lennox, No. 4 at p. 3; Ingersoll Rand, No. 3 at p. 2; Goodman, No. 10 at p. 3; Rheem, No. 2 at p. 3; JCI, No. 5 at p. 4; Carrier, No. 7 at p. 2 with slightly different language) After reviewing the comments, DOE proposes to make changes to 10 CFR 429.16 to revise the testing and rating requirements for single-split-system air conditioners. (See section III.F.4 regarding discussion of new definitions including “single-split-system.”) These changes will occur in two phases. In the first phase, prior to the compliance date of any amended energy conservation standards, DOE proposes only a slight change to the current requirements. Specifically, DOE proposes that for single-split-system air conditioners with single capacity condensing units, each model of outdoor unit must be tested with the model of coil-only indoor unit that is likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of outdoor unit. For split-system air conditioners with other than single capacity condensing units each model of outdoor unit must also be tested with the model of coil-only indoor unit likely to have the largest sales volume unless the model of outdoor unit is sold only with model(s) of blower coil indoor units, in which case it must be tested and rated with the model of blower coil indoor unit likely to have the highest sales volume. However, any other combination may be rated through testing or use of an AEDM. (See section III.B regarding proposed changes from ARM to AEDM.) Therefore, both single capacity and other than single capacity systems may be rated with models of both coil-only or blower coil indoor units, but if the system is sold with a model of coil-only indoor unit, it must, at a minimum, be tested in that combination. In the second phase, DOE anticipates that any amended energy conservation standards will be based on blower coil ratings. Therefore, DOE proposes that all single-split-system air conditioner basic models be tested and rated with the model of blower coil indoor unit likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with that model of outdoor unit. Manufacturers would be required to also rate all other blower coil and coil-only combinations within the basic model but would be permitted do so through testing or an AEDM. DOE believes that this proposal will offer the benefits of design for high performance through the use of blower coils as well as providing appropriate representations for coil-only combinations. In addition, given that most basic models are currently submitted as blower coil ratings, this change will align DOE requirements with industry practice. This proposed change would also be accounted for in the parallel energy conservation standards rulemaking, and is contingent upon any proposed amended standards being based on blower coil ratings. Table III.1 summarizes these proposed changes. Table III.1—Test Requirements for Single-Split-System Non-Space-Constrained Air Conditioners Rated by OUMs Date Equipment type Must test each: With: Before the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards Split-System AC with single capacity condensing unit Model of Outdoor Unit The model of coil-only indoor unit that is likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of outdoor unit. Split-System AC with other than single capacity condensing unit Model of Outdoor Unit The model of coil-only indoor unit that is likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of outdoor unit, unless the model of outdoor unit is only sold with model(s) of blower coil indoor units in which case, the model of blower coil indoor unit that is likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of outdoor unit. After the compliance date for any amended energy conservation standards Split-system AC Model of Outdoor Unit The model of blower coil indoor unit that is likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of outdoor unit. In order to facilitate these changes, DOE also proposes definitions of blower coil indoor unit and coil-only indoor unit: • Blower coil indoor unit means the indoor unit of a split-system central air conditioner or heat pump that includes a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger coil, may include a cooling-mode expansion device, and includes either an indoor blower housed with the coil or a separate designated air mover such as a furnace or a modular blower (as defined in Appendix AA). • Blower coil system refers to a split-system that includes one or more blower coil indoor units. • Coil-only indoor unit means the indoor unit of a split-system central air conditioner or heat pump that includes a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger coil and may include a cooling-mode expansion device, but does not include an indoor blower housed with the coil, and does not include a separate designated air mover such as a furnace or a modular blower (as defined in Appendix AA). A coil-only indoor unit is designed to use a separately-installed furnace or a modular blower for indoor air movement. • Coil-only system refers to a system that includes one or more coil-only indoor units. DOE notes that these proposed testing requirements, when combined with the proposed definition for basic model, require that each basic model have at least one rating determined through testing; no basic model can be rated solely using an AEDM. DOE also proposes that in the certification report, manufacturers state whether each rating is for a coil-only or blower coil combination. DOE seeks comment on its proposed changes to the determination of certified ratings for single-split-system air conditioners when rated by an OUM, as well as on the proposed definitions for blower coil and coil-only indoor units. b. Split-System Heat Pumps and Space-Constrained Split Systems The current requirements for split-system heat pumps in 10 CFR 429.16 require testing a condenser-evaporator coil combination with the evaporator coil likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of condensing unit. The coil-only requirement does not apply to split-system heat pumps, because central heat pump indoor units nearly always include both a coil and a fan. In this notice, DOE proposes to slightly modify the wording explaining this requirement; specifically, the requirement would use the more general terms “indoor unit” and “outdoor unit,” rather than “evaporator coil” and “condensing unit,” since the requirement addresses heat pumps. DOE also proposes to apply this same test requirement to space-constrained split-system air conditioners and heat pumps. The current requirements in 10 CFR 429.16 do not specifically call out space-constrained systems, and as such, the current coil-only requirements for split-system air conditioners apply to space-constrained split-system air conditioners. Therefore, this proposal will change test procedures for space-constrained split-system air conditioners but will not change, other than in nomenclature, the test procedures for space-constrained split-system heat pumps. c. Multi-Split, Multi-Circuit, and Single-Zone-Multiple-Coil Units The current requirements in 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii) specify that multi-split systems and mini-split systems designed to always be installed with more than one indoor unit (now proposed to be called single-zone-multiple-coil units, see section III.F.4) be tested using a “tested combination” as defined in 10 CFR 430.2. For multi-split systems, each model of condensing unit currently must be tested with a non-ducted tested combination and a ducted tested combination. Furthermore, current requirements for testing with a coil-only indoor unit do not apply to mini-splits or multi-splits, as the general use of these terms in the industry refers to specific types of systems with blower coil indoor units. Id. The current requirements also state that for other multi-split systems that include the same model of condensing unit but a different set of evaporator coils, whether the evaporator coil(s) are manufactured by the same manufacturer or by a component manufacturer ( i.e., ICM), the rating must be: (1) Set equal to the rating for the non-ducted indoor unit system tested (for systems composed entirely of non-ducted units), (2) set equal to the rating for the ducted indoor unit system tested (for systems composed entirely of ducted units), or (3) set equal to the mean of the values for the two systems (for systems having a mix of non-ducted and ducted indoor units). (10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(ii)) In this notice, DOE proposes a slight modification to the testing requirements for single-zone-multiple-coil and multi-split systems, and adds similar requirements for testing multi-circuit systems (see section III.C.2 for more information about these systems). DOE also clarifies that these requirements apply to VRF systems that are single-phase and less than 65,000 Btu/h (see section III.A.3.c for more details). For all multi-split, multi-circuit, and single-zone-multiple-coil split systems, DOE proposes that at a minimum, each model of outdoor unit must be tested as part of a tested combination (as defined in the CFR) composed entirely of non-ducted indoor units. For any models of outdoor units also sold with short-ducted indoor units, a second “tested combination” composed entirely of short-ducted indoor units would be required to be tested. DOE also proposes the manufacturers may rate a mixed non-ducted/short-ducted combination as the mean of the represented values for the tested non-ducted and short-ducted combinations. Under the proposed definition of basic model, these three combinations (non-ducted, short-ducted, and mixed) would represent a single basic model. When certifying the basic model, manufacturers should report “* * *” for the indoor unit model number, and report the test sample size as the total of all the units tested for the basic model, not just the units tested for each combination. For example, if the manufacturer tests 2 units of a non-ducted combination and 2 units of a short-ducted combination, and also rates a mix-match combination, the manufacturer should specify “4” as the test sample size for the basic model, while providing the rating for each combination. DOE also proposes that manufacturers be allowed to test and rate specific individual combinations as separate basic models, even if they share the same model of outdoor unit. In this case, the manufacturer must provide the individual model numbers for the indoor units rather than stating “* * *”. Table III.2 provides an example of both situations. Table III.2—Example Ratings for Multi-Split Systems Basic model Individual model (outdoor unit) Individual model (indoor unit) Sample size Ducted rating Non-ducted rating Mix rating ABC ABC * * * 4 14 15 14.5 ABC1 ABC 2-A123; 3-JH746 2 17 DOE requests comment on whether additional requirements are necessary for multi-split systems paired with models of conventional ducted indoor units rather than short-duct indoor units. DOE also notes that the test procedure currently allows testing of only non-ducted or short-ducted systems, and not combinations of the two. Therefore to rate individual mix-match combinations, manufacturers would have to test 4 units—2 ducted and 2 short-ducted. DOE requests comment on whether manufacturers should have the ability to test mix-match systems using the test procedure rather than rating them using an average of the other tested systems. DOE also requests comment on whether manufacturers should be able to rate mix-match systems using other than a straight average, such as a weighting by the number of non-ducted or short-ducted units. Finally, DOE requests comment on whether the definition of “tested combination” is appropriate for rating specific individual combinations, or whether manufacturers should be given more flexibility, such as testing with more than 5 indoor units. In reviewing the market for multi-split systems, DOE determined that some are sold by OUMs with only models of small-duct, high velocity (SDHV) indoor units, or with a mix of models of short-duct and SDHV units. (See section III.F.2 regarding the proposed definition of short ducted systems.) These kinds of units are not currently explicitly addressed in DOE's test requirements. Therefore, DOE proposes to add a requirement that for any models of outdoor units also sold with models of SDHV indoor units, a “tested combination” composed entirely of SDHV indoor units must be used for testing and rating. However, such a system must be certified as a different basic model. DOE notes that multi-split systems consisting of a model of outdoor unit paired with models of non-ducted or short-ducted units must meet the energy conservation standards for split-system air conditioners or heat pumps, while systems consisting of a model of outdoor unit paired with models of small-duct, high-velocity indoor units must meet SDHV standards. DOE proposes to add a limitations section in 429.16 that would require models of outdoor units that are rated and distributed in combinations that span multiple product classes to be tested and certified as compliant with the applicable standard for each product class. Even if a manufacturer sells a combination including models of both SDHV and other non-ducted or short-ducted indoor units, DOE proposes that the manufacturer may not provide a mix-match rating for such combinations. DOE requests comment on whether manufacturers would want to rate such combinations, and if so, how they would prefer to rate them ( i.e., by by taking the mean of a sample of tested non-ducted units and a sample of tested SDHV units or by testing a combination on non-ducted and SDHV units), and whether the SDHV or split-system standard would be most appropriate. DOE understands that manufacturers of multi-split systems commonly only test one sample rather than complying with the sampling plan requirements in 429.16(a)(2)(i), which require a sample of two. DOE may consider moving toward a single unit sample for single-zone multiple-coil and multi-split system models, but in order to do so, DOE requires information on manufacturing and testing variability associated with these systems. In particular, DOE requires data to allow it to understand how a single unit sample may be representative of the population. DOE also requests information on what tolerances would need to be applied to the ratings of these units based on a single unit sample in order to account for the variability. d. Basic Models Rated by ICMs The current requirements in 10 CFR 429.16(a) require that each condensing unit of a split system must be tested using the HSVC associated with that condensing unit. There are no current requirements for testing each model of indoor unit of a split system. Non-HSVC combinations can be rated using an ARM, assuming the condensing unit of the combination has a separate HSVC rating based on testing. DOE understands that ICMs typically do not test all of their models of indoor units, but rather use OUM test data for outdoor units to generate ratings for their models. (See section III.B on AEDMs for further information.) In this notice, DOE proposes that ICMs must test and provide certified ratings for each model of indoor unit ( i.e., basic model) with the least-efficient model of outdoor unit with which it will be paired, where the least- efficient model of outdoor unit is the outdoor unit in the lowest-SEER combination as certified by the OUM. If more than one model of outdoor unit (with which the ICM wishes to rate the model of indoor unit) has the same lowest-SEER rating, the ICM may select one for testing purposes. This applies to both conventional ( i.e., non-short-duct, non-SDHV) split-systems and SDHV systems. ICMs must rate all other individual combinations of the same model of indoor unit, but may determine those ratings through testing or use of an AEDM. DOE understands that this proposal would increase test burden for ICMs beyond the testing they currently conduct to meet ARM validation requirements. However, DOE believes this burden is outweighed by the benefit of providing more accurate ratings for models of indoor units sold by ICMs. Additional discussion regarding potential test requirements for ICMs can be found in the stakeholder comments regarding AEDMs in section III.B.5. DOE understands that the proposed definition of basic model for an ICM, including what constitutes the “same” model of indoor unit and thus would be required to be tested, is important for accurately assessing the test burden for manufacturers as a result of this test proposal. DOE seeks comment on the basic model definition in section III.A.1. DOE also seeks comment on the proposed testing requirements for ICMs. e. Single-Package Systems In the current regulations, 10 CFR 429.16(a)(2)(i) states that each single-package system a must have a sample of sufficient size tested in accordance with the applicable provisions of Subpart B. In this notice, DOE proposes that the lowest SEER individual model within each basic model must be tested. DOE expects that in most cases, each single-package system will represent its own basic model. However, based on the proposal for the definition of basic model in section III.A.1, this may not always be the case. DOE notes that regardless, AEDMs do not apply to single-package models—manufacturers may either test and rate each individual single-package model, or if multiple individual models are assigned to the same basic model per the proposed requirements in the basic model definition, the manufacturer would be required to test only the lowest SEER individual model within the basic model and use that to determine the rating for the basic model. DOE requests comment on the likelihood of multiple individual models of single-package units meeting the requirements proposed in the basic model definition to be assigned to the same basic model. DOE also requests comment on whether, if manufacturers are able to assign multiple individual models to a single basic model, manufacturers would want to use an AEDM to rate other individual models within the same basic model other than the lowest SEER individual model. Finally, DOE requests comment on whether manufacturers would want to employ an AEDM to rate the off-mode power consumption for other variations of off-mode associated with the basic model other than the variation tested. DOE also proposes to specify this same requirement for space-constrained single-package air conditioners and heat pumps, which are currently not explicitly identified in the test requirement section. f. Replacement Coils DOE stated in the August 20 Guidance that an individual condensing unit or coil must meet the current Federal standard (National or regional) when paired with the appropriate other new part to make a system when tested in accordance with the DOE test procedure and sampling plan. In response, AHRI and manufacturers commented that they believed the intent of the guidance was to clarify how the outdoor section of a split system used in a replacement situation can be tested and rated to meet the appropriate efficiency requirements. However, they felt this language should not apply to the indoor coil. AHRI stated that indoor coil is rarely changed and when it is, such as for an irreparable leak, it requires an exact replacement. In addition, they note that warranties can extend up to 10 years. Commenters also expressed the view that the guidance would not result in an improvement to installed product efficiency. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, AHRI, No. 8 at pp. 2-3; Rheem, No. 2 at p. 3; Goodman, No. 10 at pp. 2-3; Ingersoll Rand, No. 3 at p. 2; Lennox, No. 4 at p. 2; Nordyne, No. 9 at p. 2) AHRI and the manufacturers recommended removing indoor coils from the draft guidance language on replacement. ( Id.; JCI, No. 5 at p. 6) Johnson Controls added further detail that using the term coil does not differentiate between service parts (listed with part numbers) and finished component assemblies (listed as a coil model) or between evaporator coils and condenser coils. Johnson Controls added that replacement parts cannot be rated as a finished coil assembly because the replacement parts do not contain sheet metal parts required to complete the installation. They also added that where the physical characteristics of an evaporator coil are significantly different when compared to a new system, replacing the old evaporator coil with a new coil model rather than a replacement part could result in increased cost and reduced performance, reliability, and comfort. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, JCI, No. 5 at pp. 4-6) Mortex also commented that replacement with a different evaporator coil design and size could lead to issues of fitting or size constraint problems and refrigerant metering and charging differences. The end result (if design air volume rate is hampered and refrigerant circuit performance is modified) could lead to less efficiency than the pre-failure situation. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, Mortex, No. 6 at p. 1) DOE also notes that the ASRAC regional standards enforcement Working Group agreed that manufacturers do not need to keep track of components including uncased coils. (Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-CE-0077-0070, Attachment) In consideration of the comments and the Working Group proposals, DOE notes that its proposed definition of “indoor unit” refers to the box rather than just a coil. Accordingly, legacy indoor coil replacements and uncased coils would not meet the definition of indoor unit. Furthermore, by defining air conditioners and heat pumps as consisting of a single-package unit, an outdoor unit and one or more indoor units, an indoor unit only, or an outdoor unit only, legacy indoor coil replacements and uncased coils would not meet the definition of a central air conditioner or heat pump. Hence, they would not need to be tested or certified as meeting the standard. g. Outdoor Units With No Match For split-system central air conditioners and heat pumps, current DOE regulations require that manufacturers test the condensing unit and “the evaporator coil that is likely to have the largest volume of retail sales with the particular model of condensing unit” (commonly referred to as the highest sales volume combination). 10 CFR 4429.16(a)(2)(ii). Effective January 1, 2010, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned the sale and distribution of those central air conditioning systems and heat pump systems that are designed to use HCFC-22 refrigerant. 74 FR 66450 (Dec. 15, 2009). EPA's rulemaking included an exception for the manufacture and importation of replacement components, as long as those components are not pre-charged with HCFC-22. Id. at 66459-60. Because complete HCFC-22 systems can no longer be distributed, manufacturers inquired how to test and rate individual components—because these components are sold separately, there are no highest sales volume combinations. Because the EPA prohibits distribution of new HCFC-22 condensing unit and coil combinations ( i.e., complete systems), there is no such thing as a HSVC, and hence, testing and rating of new HCFC-22 combinations cannot be conducted using the existing test procedure. DOE expects that the HCFC-22 indoor and outdoor units remaining on the market are part of legacy offerings that were initially sold five or more years ago. These components of HCFC-22 systems were in production for sale as part of matched systems before the EPA regulations became effective on January 1, 2010. While EPA's rulemaking bans the sale of HCFC-22 systems that are charged with refrigerant while allowing sale of uncharged components of such systems, EPA's rule has no effect on the efficiency rating of these systems or on requirements for DOE efficiency standards that they must meet. The DOE test procedure used prior to January 15, 2010 that would have been used to rate these systems is no longer valid, thus these ratings can no longer be used as the basis for representing their efficiency. The individual indoor coils and outdoor units of such systems that could potentially meet the current standard may continue to be manufactured only if the manufacturer uses a valid test procedure to ensure compliance ( i.e., to certify compliance) and for representations. Generally, when a model cannot be tested in accordance with the DOE test procedure, manufacturers must submit a petition for a test procedure waiver for DOE to assign an alternative test method. 10 CFR 430.27(a)(1) Instead, DOE proposes in this notice a test procedure that may be used for rating and certifying the compliance of these outdoor units. DOE proposes in this notice to specify coil characteristics that should be used when testing models of outdoor units that do not have a HSVC. Specifically, these requirements include limitations on coil tube geometries and dimensions and coil fin surface area. These outdoor unit models, when tested with the specified indoor units, must meet applicable Federal standards. (See section III.A.4 for more information on compliance.) This proposal is consistent with the regional standards enforcement Working Group recommendation that a person cannot install a replacement outdoor unit unless it is certified as part of a combination that meets the applicable standard. (Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-CE-0077-0070, Attachment) The new test procedure would be effective ( i.e., allowed for use for such certifications) 30 days after it is finalized and would be required for use for such systems ( i.e., rather than any granted waiver test procedure) beginning 180 days after it is finalized. In response to the August 20, 2014 draft guidance document, Carrier requested clarification that the finalized guidance would replace DOE's draft guidance document issued on January 1, 2012, regarding central air conditioning systems and air conditioning heat pump systems that are designed to use dry R-22 condensing units. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, Carrier, No. 7 at p. 2) If finalized, this proposed test procedure would replace both the 2012 guidance document for dry R-22 units as well as the 2014 draft guidance document on unit selection regarding condensing units for replacement applications. 4. Compliance With Federal (National or Regional) Standards In the August 20, 2014 draft guidance document (EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032), DOE discussed whether each basic model of split-system air conditioner or heat pump has to meet the applicable standard. DOE stated that compliance with standards is based on the statistical concept that an entire population of units (where “unit” refers to a complete system) of a basic model must meet the standard, recognizing that efficiency measurements for some units may be better or worse than the standard due to manufacturing or testing variation. Manufacturers apply the statistical formulae in 10 CFR 429.16 to demonstrate compliance, and DOE applies the statistical formulae in 10 CFR part 429, subpart C, Appendix A to determine compliance. Further, DOE stated that the only condensing units and coils that may be installed in the region are those that can meet the regional standard when tested and rated as a new system in accordance with the test procedure and sampling plan as described above. In response, AHRI and several manufacturers recommended the following additions to DOE's statements regarding compliance: “Compliance with national or regional standards is based on the statistical concept that an entire population of units (where “unit” refers to a complete system) of a basic model including Highest Sales Volume Tested Combination and all other combinations must meet the standard, recognizing that some individual units may perform slightly better or worse than the design due to manufacturing or testing variation.” (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, AHRI, No. 8 at p. 2; Rheem, No. 2 at p. 2; Goodman, No. 10 at p. 2; Ingersoll Rand, No. 3 at p. 1; Lennox, No. 4 at p. 2; Nordyne, No. 9 at pp. 1-2; JCI, No. 5 at p. 3; Carrier, No. 7 at p. 6) In addition, Carrier commented that with respect to the discussion about selection of units for testing, the HSVC should be determined for the applicable region. (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, Carrier, No. 7 at p. 4) AHRI and several manufacturers recommended the following addition to the paragraph on condensing units sold as replacements: “In summary, DOE interprets for the regional standard to require that the least efficient rating combination for a specified model of condensing unit must be 14 SEER with a coil only rating where 14 SEER is the regional standard. Any model that has a certified combination below the regional standard cannot be installed in the region. This interpretation of the regional standard also applies to units shipped without refrigerant charge.” (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, AHRI, No. 8 at p. 2; Rheem, No. 2 at p. 3; Goodman, No. 10 at p. 3; Ingersoll Rand, No. 3 at p. 3; Lennox, No. 4 at p. 3; Nordyne, No. 9 at pp. 2-3; JCI, No. 5 at p. 6) Carrier provided slightly different recommended language: “Given the different Federal standards, National and regional, the least efficient rating combination for a specified model of condensing unit must: (i) in the regions where the regional standard applies, be rated and certified on as performing at or above the current regional standard with a coil only rating; and (ii) where the National standard applies, be rated and certified as performing at or above the current National standard with a coil only rating. For purposes of clarity, any basic model that has a certified combination below the current regional standard cannot be installed in the region. This interpretation also applies to dry condensing units.” (Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-GUID-0032, Carrier, No. 7 at pp. 1-2) In contrast, Carrier also suggested that the guidance document discussion of unit selection and basic models should replace references to “Federal standard” with “Federal (national or regional) standard”. (Carrier, No. 7 at pp. 4-5) The regional standards enforcement Working Group suggested the regional standards required clarification because a particular condensing unit may have a range of efficiency ratings when paired with various indoor evaporator coils and/or blowers. The Working Group provided the following four recommendations to clarify the regional standards: That (1) the least-efficient rated combination for a specified model of condensing unit must be 14 SEER for models installed in the Southeast and Southwest regions; (2) the least-efficient rated combination for a specified model of condensing unit must meet the minimum EER for models installed in the Southwest region; (3) any condensing unit model that has a certified combination that is below the regional standard(s) cannot be installed in that region; and (4) a condensing unit model certified below a regional standard by the original equipment manufacturer cannot be installed in a region subject to a regional standard(s) even with an independent coil manufacturer's indoor coil or air handler combination that may have a certified rating meeting the applicable regional standard(s). (Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-CE-0077-0070, Attachment) After reviewing stakeholder comments and the Working Group report, DOE agrees that all individual models or combinations within a basic model must meet the applicable national or regional standard. DOE proposes to add requirements to the relevant provisions of section 430.32 that the least-efficient combination of each basic model must comply with the regional SEER and EER standards. In addition, as noted in section III.A.1, DOE proposes that if any individual combination within a basic model fails to meet the standard, the entire basic model ( i.e., model of outdoor unit) must be removed from the market. In order to clarify the limitations on sales of models of outdoor units across regions with different standards, DOE proposes to add a limitation in section 429.16 that any model of outdoor unit that is certified in a combination that does not meet all regional standards cannot also be certified in a combination that meets the regional standard(s). Outdoor unit model numbers cannot span regions unless the model of outdoor unit is compliant with all standards in all possible combinations. If a model of outdoor unit is certified below a regional standard, then it must have a unique individual model number for distribution in each region. For example: Basic model Individual model # (outdoor unit) Individual model # (indoor unit) Certified rating (SEER/EER) Permitted? AB12 ABC**#**-*** SO123 14.5/12.0 NO. AB12 ABC**#**-*** SW123 15.0/12.8 AB12 ABC**#**-*** N123 13.9/11.7 CD13 CDESO**-*#* SO123 14.5/12.0 YES. CD13 CDESW**-*#* SW123 15.0/12.8 CD13 CDEN***-*#* N123 13.9/11.7 EF12 EFCS**#**-*** SO123 14.5/12.2 YES. EF12 EFCS**#**-*** SW123 14.6/12.4 EF12 EFCN**#**-*** N123 13.9/11.7 5. Certification Reports To maximize test repeatability and reproducibility for assessment and enforcement testing, DOE proposes to amend the certification reporting requirements. DOE proposes to clarify what basic model number and individual model numbers must be reported for central air conditioners and heat pumps: Equipment type Basic model number Individual model number(s) 1 2 3 Single Package Number unique to the basic model Package N/A N/A. Split System (rated by OUM) Number unique to the basic model Outdoor Unit Indoor Unit(s) Air Mover (or N/A if rating coil-only system or fan is part of indoor unit model number). Outdoor Unit Only Number unique to the basic model Outdoor Unit N/A N/A. Split-System or SDHV (rated by ICM) Number unique to the basic model Outdoor Unit Indoor Unit(s) N/A. Each basic model number must be unique in some way so that all individual models or combinations within the same basic model can be identified. DOE also proposes to require product-specific information at 10 CFR 429.16(c)(4) that is not public and will not be displayed in DOE's database. Several proposed requirements are addressed in the remainder of this notice in response to comments on specific issues or in relation to test procedure changes. In addition, several other requirements are discussed in this section. In order for DOE to replicate the test setup for its assessment tests, DOE proposes that manufacturers that wish to certify multi-split, multiple-circuit, and single-zone-multiple-coil systems report the number of indoor units tested with the outdoor unit, the nominal cooling capacity of each indoor unit and outdoor unit, and the indoor units that are not providing heating or cooling for part-load tests. Manufacturers that wish to certify systems that operate with multiple indoor fans within a single indoor unit shall report the number of indoor fans; the nominal cooling capacity of the indoor unit and outdoor unit; which fan(s) are operating to attain the full-load air volume rate when controls limit the simultaneous operation of all fans within the single indoor unit; and the allocation of the full-load air volume rate to each operational fan when different capacity blowers are connected to the common duct. Similarly, DOE proposes that for those models of indoor units designed for both horizontal and vertical installation or for both up-flow and down-flow vertical installations, the orientation used during certification testing shall be included on the certification test reports. DOE also proposes that the maximum time between defrosts as allowed by the controls be included on the certification test reports. For units with time-adaptive defrost control, the frosting interval used during the Frost Accumulation tests and the associated procedure for manually initiating defrost at the specified time, if applicable, should also be included on the certification test reports. DOE also proposes that for variable-speed units, the compressor frequency set points and the required dip switch/control settings for step or variable components should be included. For variable-speed heat pumps, DOE proposes that manufacturers report whether the unit controls restrict use of minimum compressor speed operation for some range of operating ambient conditions, whether the unit controls restrict use of maximum compressor speed operation for any ambient temperatures below 17 °F, and whether the optional H4 2 low temperature test was used to characterize performance at temperatures below 17 °F. Finally, DOE proposes that manufactures report air volume rates and airflow-control settings. DOE recognizes that additional reporting requirements in certification test reports increases reporting burden because manufacturers must spend additional time to add such content to the report. However, DOE believes that a knowledgeable person in the field would not find the additional information difficult to provide and could do so in a reasonable amount of time. Thus, DOE does not believe that the added reporting requirements are significantly burdensome to warrant excluding them. DOE requests comment on this issue. 6. Represented Values DOE proposes to make several additions to the represented value requirements in 10 CFR 429.16. First, DOE proposes to add a requirement that the represented value of cooling capacity, heating capacity, and sensible heat ratio (SHR) shall be the mean of the values measured for the sample. Second, DOE proposes to move the provisions currently in 10 CFR 430.23 regarding calculations of various measures of energy efficiency and consumption for central air conditioners to 10 CFR 429.16. Specifically, while Part 430 would refer to the test procedure appendix and section therein to use for each metric and the rounding requirements for test results of individual units, Part 429 would refer to how to calculate annual operating cost for the sample based on represented values of cooling capacity and SEER, and how to round the represented values based on the sample for other measures of energy efficiency and consumption. DOE proposes minor changes to the calculations of annual operating cost to address changes proposed in Appendix M and M1. Table III.3 shows the proposed rounding requirements for each section. DOE requests comment on these values. Table III.3—Rounding Proposals Measure 10 CFR 430.23 (one unit) 10 CFR 429.16 (sample) Cooling capacity/heating capacity: BL (T j ) or as specified in section 4.1.3.4 if Q k=2 ( Tj ) ≤ BL(T j ). 4.1.5.2 For multiple blower systems that are connected to either a lone outdoor unit having a two-capacity compressor or to two separate but identical model single-speed outdoor units. Calculate the quantities q c (Tj)/N and e c (Tj)/N as specified in section 4.1.3. 4.2 Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) Calculations. Unless an approved alternative efficiency determination method is used, as set forth in 10 CFR 429.70(e), HSPF must be calculated as follows: Six generalized climatic regions are depicted in Figure 1 and otherwise defined in Table 19. For each of these regions and for each applicable standardized design heating requirement, evaluate the heating seasonal performance factor using, EP09NO15.080 Where, e h (T j )/N = The ratio of the electrical energy consumed by the heat pump during periods of the space heating season when the outdoor temperature fell within the range represented by bin temperature T j to the total number of hours in the heating season (N), W. For heat pumps having a heat comfort controller, this ratio may also include electrical energy used by resistive elements to maintain a minimum air delivery temperature (see 4.2.5). RH(T j )/N = The ratio of the electrical energy used for resistive space heating during periods when the outdoor temperature fell within the range represented by bin temperature T j to the total number of hours in the heating season (N), W. Except as noted in section 4.2.5, resistive space heating is modeled as being used to meet that portion of the building load that the heat pump does not meet because of insufficient capacity or because the heat pump automatically turns off at the lowest outdoor temperatures. For heat pumps having a heat comfort controller, all or part of the electrical energy used by resistive heaters at a particular bin temperature may be reflected in e h (T j )/N (see 4.2.5). T j = the outdoor bin temperature, °F. Outdoor temperatures are “binned” such that calculations are only performed based one temperature within the bin. Bins of 5 °F are used. n j /N = Fractional bin hours for the heating season; the ratio of the number of hours during the heating season when the outdoor temperature fell within the range represented by bin temperature T j to the total number of hours in the heating season, dimensionless. Obtain n j /N values from Table 19. j = the bin number, dimensionless. J = for each generalized climatic region, the total number of temperature bins, dimensionless. Referring to Table 19, J is the highest bin number (j) having a nonzero entry for the fractional bin hours for the generalized climatic region of interest. F def = the demand defrost credit described in section 3.9.2, dimensionless. BL(T j ) = the building space conditioning load corresponding to an outdoor temperature of T j ; the heating season building load also depends on the generalized climatic region's outdoor design temperature and the design heating requirement, Btu/h. Table 19—Generalized Climatic Region Information Region Number I II III IV V VI Heating Load Hours, HLH 750 1250 1750 2250 2750 * 2750 Outdoor Design Temperature, T OD 37 27 17 5 −10 30 j T j (°F) Fractional Bin Hours, n j /N 1 62 .291 .215 .153 .132 .106 .113 2 57 .239 .189 .142 .111 .092 .206 3 52 .194 .163 .138 .103 .086 .215 4 47 .129 .143 .137 .093 .076 .204 5 42 .081 .112 .135 .100 .078 .141 6 37 .041 .088 .118 .109 .087 .076 7 32 .019 .056 .092 .126 .102 .034 8 27 .005 .024 .047 .087 .094 .008 9 22 .001 .008 .021 .055 .074 .003 10 17 0 .002 .009 .036 .055 0 11 12 0 0 .005 .026 .047 0 12 7 0 0 .002 .013 .038 0 13 2 0 0 .001 .006 .029 0 14 −3 0 0 0 .002 .018 0 15 −8 0 0 0 .001 .010 0 16 −13 0 0 0 0 .005 0 17 −18 0 0 0 0 .002 0 18 −23 0 0 0 0 .001 0 * Pacific Coast Region. Evaluate the building heating load using EP09NO15.081 Where, T OD = the outdoor design temperature, °F. An outdoor design temperature is specified for each generalized climatic region in Table 19. C = 0.77, a correction factor which tends to improve the agreement between calculated and measured building loads, dimensionless. DHR = the design heating requirement (see section 1.2, Definitions), Btu/h. Calculate the minimum and maximum design heating requirements for each generalized climatic region as follows: EP09NO15.082 Where Q h k (47) is expressed in units of Btu/h and otherwise defined as follows: 1. For a single-speed heat pump tested as per section 3.6.1, Q h k (47) = Q h (47), the space heating capacity determined from the H1 Test. 2. For a variable-speed heat pump, a section 3.6.2 single-speed heat pump, or a two-capacity heat pump not covered by item 3, Q n k (47) = Q n k=2 (47), the space heating capacity determined from the H1 2 Test. 3. For two-capacity, northern heat pumps (see section 1.2, Definitions), Q k h (47) = Q k=1 h (47), the space heating capacity determined from the H1 1 Test. If the optional H1 N Test is conducted on a variable-speed heat pump, the manufacturer has the option of defining Q k h (47) as specified above in item 2 or as Q k h (47)=Q k=N h (47), the space heating capacity determined from the H1 N Test. For all heat pumps, HSPF accounts for the heating delivered and the energy consumed by auxiliary resistive elements when operating below the balance point. This condition occurs when the building load exceeds the space heating capacity of the heat pump condenser. For HSPF calculations for all heat pumps, see either section 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.2.3, or 4.2.4, whichever applies. For heat pumps with heat comfort controllers (see section 1.2, Definitions), HSPF also accounts for resistive heating contributed when operating above the heat-pump-plus-comfort-controller balance point as a result of maintaining a minimum supply temperature. For heat pumps having a heat comfort controller, see section 4.2.5 for the additional steps required for calculating the HSPF. Table 20—Standardized Design Heating Requirements (Btu/h) 5,000 25,000 50,000 90,000 10,000 30,000 60,000 100,000 15,000 35,000 70,000 110,000 20,000 40,000 80,000 130,000 4.2.1 Additional steps for calculating the HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed compressor that was tested with a fixed-speed indoor blower installed, a constant-air-volume-rate indoor blower installed, or with no indoor blower installed. EP09NO15.083 where, EP09NO15.084 whichever is less; the heating mode load factor for temperature bin j, dimensionless. Q h (T j ) = the space heating capacity of the heat pump when operating at outdoor temperature T j , Btu/h. Ė h (T j ) = the electrical power consumption of the heat pump when operating at outdoor temperature T j , W. δ(T j ) = the heat pump low temperature cut-out factor, dimensionless. PLF j = 1 − Ċ D h · [1 −X(T j )] the part load factor, dimensionless. Use Equation 4.2-2 to determine BL(T j ). Obtain fractional bin hours for the heating season, n j /N, from Table 19. Determine the low temperature cut-out factor using EP09NO15.085 where, T off = the outdoor temperature when the compressor is automatically shut off, °F. (If no such temperature exists, T j is always greater than T off and T on ). T on = the outdoor temperature when the compressor is automatically turned back on, if applicable, following an automatic shut-off, °F. Calculate Q h (T j ) and Ė h (T j ) using, EP09NO15.086 EP09NO15.087 where Q h (47) and Ė h (47) are determined from the H1 Test and calculated as specified in section 3.7; Q h (35) and Ė h (35) are determined from the H2 Test and calculated as specified in section 3.9.1; and Q h (17) and Ė h (17) are determined from the H3 Test and calculated as specified in section 3.10. 4.2.2 Additional steps for calculating the HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed compressor and a variable-speed, variable-air-volume-rate indoor blower. The manufacturer must provide information about how the indoor air volume rate or the indoor blower speed varies over the outdoor temperature range of 65°F to −23°F. Calculate the quantities EP09NO15.088 in Equation 4.2-1 as specified in section 4.2.1 with the exception of replacing references to the H1C Test and section 3.6.1 with the H1C 1 Test and section 3.6.2. In addition, evaluate the space heating capacity and electrical power consumption of the heat pump Q h (T j ) and Ė h (T j ) using EP09NO15.089 where the space heating capacity and electrical power consumption at both low capacity (k=1) and high capacity (k=2) at outdoor temperature Tj are determined using EP09NO15.090 For units where indoor blower speed is the primary control variable, FP h k=1 denotes the fan speed used during the required H1 1 and H3 1 Tests (see Table 11), FP h k=2 denotes the fan speed used during the required H1 2 , H2 2 , and H3 2 Tests, and FP h (T j ) denotes the fan speed used by the unit when the outdoor temperature equals T j. For units where indoor air volume rate is the primary control variable, the three FP h 's are similarly defined only now being expressed in terms of air volume rates rather than fan speeds. Determine Q h k=1 (47) and Ė h k=1 (47) from the H1 1 Test, and Q h k=2 (47) and Ė h k=2 (47) from the H1 2 Test. Calculate all four quantities as specified in section 3.7. Determine Q h k=1 (35) and Ė h k=1 (35) as specified in section 3.6.2; determine Q h k=2 (35) and Ė h k=2 (35) and from the H2 2 Test and the calculation specified in section 3.9. Determine Q h k=1 (17) and Ė h k=1 (17 from the H3 1 Test, and Q h k=2 (17) and Ė h k=2 (17) from the H3 2 Test. Calculate all four quantities as specified in section 3.10. 4.2.3 Additional steps for calculating the HSPF of a heat pump having a two-capacity compressor. The calculation of the Equation 4.2-1 quantities differ depending upon whether the heat pump would operate at low capacity (section 4.2.3.1), cycle between low and high capacity (Section 4.2.3.2), or operate at high capacity (sections 4.2.3.3 and 4.2.3.4) in responding to the building load. For heat pumps that lock out low capacity operation at low outdoor temperatures, the manufacturer must supply information regarding the cutoff temperature(s) so that the appropriate equations can be selected. EP09NO15.091 a. Evaluate the space heating capacity and electrical power consumption of the heat pump when operating at low compressor capacity and outdoor temperature T j using EP09NO15.092 b. Evaluate the space heating capacity and electrical power consumption (Q h k=2 (T j ) and Ė h k=2 (T j )) of the heat pump when operating at high compressor capacity and outdoor temperature Tj by solving Equations 4.2.2-3 and 4.2.2-4, respectively, for k=2. Determine Q h k=1 (62) and Ė h k=1 (62) from the H0 1 Test, Q h k=1 (47) and Ė h k=1 (47) from the H1 1 Test, and Q h k=2 (47) and Ė h k=2 (47) from the H1 2 Test. Calculate all six quantities as specified in section 3.7. Determine Q h k=2 (35) and Ė h k=2 (35) from the H2 2 Test and, if required as described in section 3.6.3, determine Q h k=1 (35) and Ė h k=1 (35) from the H2 1 Test. Calculate the required 35°F quantities as specified in section 3.9. Determine Q h k=2 (17) and Ė h k=2 (17) from the H3 2 Test and, if required as described in section 3.6.3, determine Q h k=1 (17) and Ė h k=1 (17) from the H3 1 Test. Calculate the required 17 °F quantities as specified in section 3.10. 4.2.3.1 Steady-state space heating capacity when operating at low compressor capacity is greater than or equal to the building heating load at temperature T j , Q h k=1 (T j ) ≥BL(T j ). EP09NO15.093 Where, X k=1 (T j ) = BL(T j ) / Q h k=1 (T j ), the heating mode low capacity load factor for temperature bin j , dimensionless. PLF j = 1−C D h · [ 1−X k=1 (T j )], the part load factor, dimensionless. δ′(T j ) = the low temperature cutoff factor, dimensionless. Determine the low temperature cut-out factor using EP09NO15.094 Where T off and T on are defined in section 4.2.1. Use the calculations given in section 4.2.3.3, and not the above, if: (a) The heat pump locks out low capacity operation at low outdoor temperatures and (b) T j is below this lockout threshold temperature. 4.2.3.2 Heat pump alternates between high (k=2) and low (k=1) compressor capacity to satisfy the building heating load at a temperature T j , Q h k=1 (T j ) T j > T vh , EP09NO15.108 4.2.4.3 Heat pump must operate continuously at maximum (k=2) compressor speed at temperature T j , BL(T j ) ≥ Q h k=2 (T j ). Evaluate the Equation 4.2-1 quantities EP09NO15.109 as specified in section 4.2.3.4 with the understanding that Q h k=2 (T j ) and Ė h k=2 (T j ) correspond to maximum compressor speed operation and are derived from the results of the specified section 3.6.4 tests. 4.2.5 Heat pumps having a heat comfort controller. Heat pumps having heat comfort controllers, when set to maintain a typical minimum air delivery temperature, will cause the heat pump condenser to operate less because of a greater contribution from the resistive elements. With a conventional heat pump, resistive heating is only initiated if the heat pump condenser cannot meet the building load ( i.e., is delayed until a second stage call from the indoor thermostat). With a heat comfort controller, resistive heating can occur even though the heat pump condenser has adequate capacity to meet the building load ( i.e., both on during a first stage call from the indoor thermostat). As a result, the outdoor temperature where the heat pump compressor no longer cycles ( i.e., starts to run continuously), will be lower than if the heat pump did not have the heat comfort controller. 4.2.5.1 Heat pump having a heat comfort controller: additional steps for calculating the HSPF of a heat pump having a single-speed compressor that was tested with a fixed-speed indoor blower installed, a constant-air-volume-rate indoor blower installed, or with no indoor blower installed. Calculate the space heating capacity and electrical power of the heat pump without the heat comfort controller being active as specified in section 4.2.1 (Equations 4.2.1-4 and 4.2.1-5) for each outdoor bin temperature, T j , that is listed in Table 19. Denote these capacities and electrical powers by using the subscript “hp” instead of “h.” Calculate the mass flow rate (expressed in pounds-mass of dry air per hour) and the specific heat of the indoor air (expressed in Btu/lbm da · °F) from the results of the H1 Test using: EP09NO15.110 where V s, V mx, v′ n (or v n ), and W n are defined following Equation 3-1. For each outdoor bin temperature listed in Table 19, calculate the nominal temperature of the air leaving the heat pump condenser coil using, EP09NO15.111 Evaluate e h (T j /N), RH(T j )/N, X(T j ), PLF j , and δ(T j ) as specified in section 4.2.1. For each bin calculation, use the space heating capacity and electrical power from Case 1 or Case 2, whichever applies. Case 1. For outdoor bin temperatures where T o (T j ) is equal to or greater than T CC (the maximum supply temperature determined according to section 3.1.9), determine Q h (T j ) and Ė h (T j ) as specified in section 4.2.1 ( i.e., Q h (T j ) = Q hp (T j ) and Ė hp (T j ) = Ė hp (T j )). Note: Even though T o (T j ) ≥ T cc , resistive heating may be required; evaluate Equation 4.2.1-2 for all bins. Case 2. For outdoor bin temperatures where T o (T j ) >T cc , determine Q h (T j ) and Ė h (T j ) using, Q h ( T j ) = Q hp ( T j ) + Q CC ( T j ) Ė h ( T j ) = Ė hp ( T j ) + Ė CC ( T j ) Where, EP09NO15.112 Note: Even though T o (T j ) Q h k=1 (T j ). EP09NO15.128 Where the low temperature cut-out factor, δ′(Tj), is calculated using Eq. 4.2.3-3. 4.2.6.7 Heat pump only operates at high (k = 2) capacity at temperature Tj and its capacity is less than the building heating load, BL(Tj) > Q h k=2 (T j ).Evaluate the quantities EP09NO15.129 as specified in section 4.2.3.4. Calculate δ″(Tj) using the equation given in section 4.2.3.4. 4.2.6.8 Heat pump only operates at booster (k = 3) capacity at temperature Tj and its capacity is less than the building heating load, BL(T j ) > Q h k=3 (T j ). or the system converts to using only resistive heating. EP09NO15.130 Where δ″(Tj) is calculated as specified in section 4.2.3.4 if the heat pump is operating at its booster compressor capacity. If the heat pump system converts to using only resistive heating at outdoor temperature T j , set δ′(T j ) equal to zero. 4.2.7 Additional steps for calculating the HSPF of a heat pump having a single indoor unit with multiple blowers. The calculation of the Eq. 4.2-1 quantities e h (T j )/N and RH(T j )/N are evaluated as specified in applicable below subsection. 4.2.7.1 For multiple blower heat pumps that are connected to a singular, single-speed outdoor unit. a. Calculate the space heating capacity, Q h k = 1 (Tj), and electrical power consumption, Ė h k = 1 (Tj), of the heat pump when operating at the heating minimum air volume rate and outdoor temperature T j using Eqs. 4.2.2-3 and 4.2.2-4, respectively. Use these same equations to calculate the space heating capacity, Q h k = 2 (Tj) and electrical power consumption, Ė h k = 2 (Tj), of the test unit when operating at the heating full-load air volume rate and outdoor temperature T j . In evaluating Eqs. 4.2.2-3 and 4.2.2- 4, determine the quantities Q h k = 1 (47) and Ė h k = 1 (47) from the H1 1 Test; determine Q h k = 2 (47) and Ė h k = 2 (47) from the H1 2 Test. Evaluate all four quantities according to section 3.7. Determine the quantities Q h k = 1 (35) and Ė h k = 1 (35) as specified in section 3.6.2. Determine Q h k = 2 (35) and Ė h k = 2 (35) from the H2 2 Frost Accumulation Test as calculated according to section 3.9.1. Determine the quantities Q h k = 1 (17) and Ė h k = 1 (17) from the H3 1 Test, and Q h k = 2 (17) and Ė h k = 2 (17) from the H3 2 Test. Evaluate all four quantities according to section 3.10. Refer to section 3.6.2 and Table 11 for additional information on the referenced laboratory tests. b. Determine the heating mode cyclic degradation coefficient, CD h , as per sections 3.6.2 and 3.8 to 3.8.1. Assign this same value to CD h (k = 2). c. Except for using the above values of Q h k = 1 (Tj), Ė h k = 1 (Tj), Q h k = 2 (Tj), Ė h k = 2 (Tj), CD h , and CD h (k = 2), calculate the quantities e h (T j )/N as specified in section 4.2.3.1 for cases where Q h k = 1 (Tj) ≥ BL(T j ). For all other outdoor bin temperatures, T j , calculate e h (Tj)/N and RH h (Tj)/N as specified in section 4.2.3.3 if Q h k = 2 (Tj) > BL(Tj) or as specified in section 4.2.3.4 if Q h k = 2 (Tj) ≤ BL(T j ) 4.2.7.2 For multiple blower heat pumps connected to either a lone outdoor unit with a two-capacity compressor or to two separate but identical model single-speed outdoor units. Calculate the quantities e h (T j )/N and RH(T j )/N as specified in section 4.2.3. 4.3 Calculations of Off-mode Seasonal Power and Energy Consumption. 4.3.1 For central air conditioners and heat pumps with a cooling capacity of: less than 36,000 Btu/h, determine the off mode rating, P W,OFF , with the following equation: EP09NO15.131 greater than or equal to 36,000 Btu/h, calculate the capacity scaling factor according to: EP09NO15.132 Where, Q C (95) is the total cooling capacity at the A or A 2 Test condition, and determine EP09NO15.133 4.3.2 Calculate the off mode energy consumption for both central air conditioner and heat pumps for the shoulder season, E1, using: E 1 = P 1 · SSH ; and the off mode energy consumption of a CAC, only, for the heating season, E2, using: E 2 = P 2 · HSH ; where P1 and P2 is determined in Section 3.13. HSH can be determined by multiplying the heating season-hours from Table 21 with the fractional Bin-hours, from Table 19, that pertain to the range of temperatures at which the crankcase heater operates. If the crankcase heater is controlled to disable for the heating season, the temperature range at which the crankcase heater operates is defined to be from 72 °F to five degrees Fahrenheit below a turn-off temperature specified by the manufacturer in the DOE Compliance Certification Database. If the crankcase heater is operated during the heating season, the temperature range at which the crankcase heater operates is defined to be from 72 °F to −23 °F, the latter of which is a temperature that sets the range of Bin-hours to encompass all outside air temperatures in the heating season. SSH can be determined by multiplying the shoulder season-hours from Table 21 with the fractional Bin-hours in Table 22. Table 21—Representative Cooling and Heating Load Hours and the Corresponding Set of Seasonal Hours for Each Generalized Climatic Region Climatic region Cooling load hours CLH R Heating load hours HLH R Cooling season hours CSH R Heating season hours HSH R Shoulder season hours SSH R I 2400 750 6731 1826 203 II 1800 1250 5048 3148 564 III 1200 1750 3365 4453 942 IV 800 2250 2244 5643 873 Rating Values 1000 2080 2805 5216 739 V 400 2750 1122 6956 682 VI 200 2750 561 6258 1941 EP09NO15.134 Region I: HSH = 2.4348 HLH ; Region II: HSH = 2.5182 HLH ; Region III: HSH = 2.5444 HLH ; Region IV: HSH = 2.5078 HLH ; Region V: HSH = 2.5295 HLH ; Region VI: HSH = 2.2757 HLH . SSH is evaluated: SSH = 8760 − ( CSH + HSH ), where CSH = the cooling season hours calculated using CSH = 2.8045 · CLH Table 22—Fractional Bin Hours for the Shoulder Season Hours for All Regions Tj (°F) Fractional bin hours Air conditioners Heat pumps 72 0.333 0.167 67 0.667 0.333 62 0 0.333 57 0 0.167 EP09NO15.135 4.3.4 For air conditioners, the annual off mode energy consumption, E TOTAL , is: E TOTAL = E 1 + E 2. 4.3.5 For heat pumps, the annual off mode energy consumption, E TOTAL , is E1. 4.4 Calculations of the Actual and Representative Regional Annual Performance Factors for Heat Pumps. 4.4.1 Calculation of actual regional annual performance factors (APF A ) for a particular location and for each standardized design heating requirement. EP09NO15.136 Where, CLH A = the actual cooling hours for a particular location as determined using the map given in Figure 2, hr. Q c k (95) = the space cooling capacity of the unit as determined from the A or A 2 Test, whichever applies, Btu/h. HLH A = the actual heating hours for a particular location as determined using the map given in Figure 1, hr. DHR = the design heating requirement used in determining the HSPF; refer to section 4.2 and see section 1.2, Definitions, Btu/h. C = defined in section 4.2 following Equation 4.2-2, dimensionless. SEER = the seasonal energy efficiency ratio calculated as specified in section 4.1, Btu/W·h. HSPF = the heating seasonal performance factor calculated as specified in section 4.2 for the generalized climatic region that includes the particular location of interest (see Figure 1), Btu/W·h. The HSPF should correspond to the actual design heating requirement (DHR), if known. If it does not, it may correspond to one of the standardized design heating requirements referenced in section 4.2. P1 is the shoulder season per-compressor off mode power, as determined in section 3.13, W. SSH is the shoulder season hours, hr. P2 is the heating season per-compressor off mode power, as determined in section 3.13, W. HSH is the heating season hours, hr. 4.4.2 Calculation of representative regional annual performance factors (APF R ) for each generalized climatic region and for each standardized design heating requirement. EP09NO15.137 Where, CLH R = the representative cooling hours f [Text truncated at 120,000 characters. The full text is on the page linked above.] --- Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/fr%3A2015-23439. Public record. Not legal advice.