# Standards of Performance for Stationary Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engines and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines > Briefs, arguments, decisions, and more. URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/fr%3A06-4919 ## Record - **Collection:** Federal Register - **Document type:** Proposed Rule - **Published:** June 12, 2006 - **Citation:** 71 FR 33804 ## Text ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Parts 60, 63, 85, 90, 1048, 1065, and 1068 [EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0030, FRL-8176-1] RIN 2060-AM81 and 2060-AN62 Standards of Performance for Stationary Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engines and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: EPA is proposing new source standards of performance for stationary spark ignition internal combustion engines. EPA is also proposing national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants for stationary reciprocating internal combustion engines that either are located at area sources of hazardous air pollutant emissions or that have a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake horsepower and are located at major sources of hazardous air pollutant emissions. DATES: Comments must be received on or before September 11, 2006, or 60 days after date of public hearing if later. Under the Paperwork Reduction Act, comments on the information collection provisions must be received by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on or before July 12, 2006. Public Hearing. If anyone contacts us requesting to speak at a public hearing by July 3, 2006, a public hearing will be held on July 12, 2006. If you are interested in attending the public hearing, contact Ms. Pamela Garrett at (919) 541-7966 to verify that a hearing will be held. ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0030, by one of the following methods: • www.regulations.gov: Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments. • E-mail: a-and-r-docket@epa.gov . • Fax: (202) 566-1741. • Mail: Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, Environmental Protection Agency, Mailcode: 6102T, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460. Please include a total of two copies. EPA requests a separate copy also be sent to the contact person identified below (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT ). In addition, please mail a copy of your comments on the information collection provisions to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Attn: Desk Officer for EPA, 735 17th St., NW., Washington, DC 20503. • Hand Delivery: Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, U.S. EPA, Room B102, 1301 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC. Such deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information. Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0030. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available on-line at http://www.regulations.gov , including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through www.regulations.gov or e-mail. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an “anonymous access” system, which means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without going through www.regulations.gov , your e-mail address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses. Public Hearing: If a public hearing is held, it will be held at EPA's campus located at 109 T.W. Alexander Drive in Research Triangle Park, NC or an alternate site nearby. Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov index. We also rely on documents in Docket ID Nos. A-96-55 and A-2000-01, and incorporate those dockets into the record for this proposed rule. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g. , CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Air and Radiation Docket, EPA/DC, EPA West, Room B102, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Air Docket is (202) 566-1742. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Jaime Pagán, Energy Strategies Group, Sector Policies and Programs Division (D243-01), Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone number (919) 541-5340; facsimile number (919) 541-5450; email address “ pagan.jaime@epa.gov .” SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Organization of This Document. The following outline is provided to aid in locating information in the preamble. I. General Information A. Does this action apply to me? B. What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA? II. Background III. Summary of This Proposed Rule A. What is the source category regulated by this proposed rule? B. What are the pollutants regulated by this proposed rule? C. What are the proposed standards? D. What are the requirements for sources that are modified or reconstructed? E. What are the requirements for demonstrating compliance? F. What are the reporting and recordkeeping requirements? IV. Rationale for Proposed Rule A. Which control technologies apply to stationary engines? B. How did EPA determine the basis and level of the proposed standards? C. How did EPA determine the compliance requirements? D. How did EPA determine the reporting and recordkeeping requirements? E. Why did EPA determine to exempt area sources from title V permit requirements? V. Summary of Environmental, Energy and Economic Impacts A. What are the air quality impacts? B. What are the cost impacts? C. What are the economic impacts? D. What are the non-air health, environmental and energy impacts? VI. Solicitation of Comments and Public Participation VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review B. Paperwork Reduction Act C. Regulatory Flexibility Act D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act I. General Information A. Does this action apply to me? Regulated Entities. Categories and entities potentially regulated by this action include: Category NAICS 1 Examples of regulated entities Any manufacturer that produces or any industry using a stationary internal combustion engine as defined in this proposed rule 2211 622110 335312 333912 333992 48621 211111 211112 92811 Electric power generation, transmission, or distribution. Medical and surgical hospitals. Motor and generator manufacturing. Pump and compressor manufacturing. Welding and soldering equipment manufacturing. Natural gas transmission. Crude petroleum and natural gas production. Natural gas liquids producers. National security. 1 North American Industry Classification System. This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be regulated by this action. To determine whether your engine is regulated by this action, you should examine the applicability criteria of this proposed rule. If you have any questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. B. What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA? 1. Submitting CBI. Do not submit this information to EPA through regulations.gov or e-mail. Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or CD ROM that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the diskor CD ROM as CBI and then identify electronically within the disk or CD ROM the specific information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes information claimed as CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain the information claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the public docket. Information so marked will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2. Send or deliver information identified as CBI to only the following address: Mr. Jaime Pagán, c/o OAQPS Document Control Officer (Room C404-02), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, Attention Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0030. 2. Tips for Preparing Your Comments. When submitting comments, remember to: (a) Identify the rulemaking by docket number and other identifying information (subject heading, Federal Register date and page number). (b) Follow directions. EPA may ask you to respond to specific questions or organize comments by referencing a Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part or section number. (c) Explain why you agree or disagree; suggest alternatives and substitute language for your requested changes. (d) Describe any assumptions and provide any technical information and/or data that you used. (e) If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you arrived at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be reproduced. (f) Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns, and suggest alternatives. (g) Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the use of profanity or personal threats. (h) Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period deadline identified. Docket. The docket number for this proposed rule is Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0030. World Wide Web (WWW). In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of this proposed rule will be posted on the WWW through the Technology Transfer Network Web site (TTN Web). Following signature, EPA will post a copy of this proposed rule on the TTN's policy and guidance page for newly proposed or promulgated rules at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg . The TTN provides information and technology exchange in various areas of air pollution control. II. Background This action proposes new source performance standards (NSPS) that would apply to new stationary spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICE). New source performance standards implement section 111(b) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), and are issued for categories of sources which cause, or contribute significantly to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. The standards apply to new stationary sources of emissions, i.e., sources whose construction, reconstruction, or modification begins after a standard for those sources is proposed. The NSPS for stationary SI ICE would be promulgated under 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ. This action also proposes national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) from existing, new, and reconstructed stationary reciprocating internal combustion engines (RICE) with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 horsepower (HP) located at major sources, and existing, new, and reconstructed stationary RICE located at area sources. We are proposing these requirements to meet our statutory obligation to address hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emissions from these sources under sections 112(d) and 112(k) of the CAA. The final NESHAP for stationary RICE would be promulgated under 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ, which already contains standards applicable to stationary RICE with a site rating above 500 HP located at major sources. We are proposing these two sets of regulations under one notice of proposed rulemaking because the source categories being addressed are practically identical. In other words, stationary engines located at major and area sources of HAP will also be affected by NSPS regulations. Based on the similarities, we decided that it would be appropriate to propose the regulations at the same time and attempt to bring some consistency between them. III. Summary of this Proposed Rule A. What is the source category regulated by this proposed rule? The proposed NSPS apply to new stationary SI ICE. A stationary internal combustion engine means any internal combustion engine, except combustion turbines, that converts heat energy into mechanical work and is not mobile. Stationary ICE differ from mobile ICE in that a stationary internal combustion engine is not a nonroad engine as defined at 40 CFR 1068.30, and is not used to propel a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition. Stationary ICE include reciprocating ICE, rotary ICE, and other ICE, except combustion turbines. The proposed NESHAP applies only to stationary RICE. To our knowledge, no rotary or other types of stationary ICE exist at this time. The SI NSPS address emissions from new, modified and reconstructed stationary SI engines. An SI engine is either a gasoline-fueled engine; or any other type of engine, with a spark plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly similar to the theoretical Otto combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines usually use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal operation. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is used for compression ignition and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel at an annual average ratio of less than 2 parts diesel fuel to 100 parts total fuel on an energy equivalent basis are considered SI engines for purposes of this proposed rule. The NESHAP address emissions from existing, new, and reconstructed stationary engines less than or equal to 500 HP located at major sources and all stationary engines located at area sources. A major source of HAP emissions is a plant site that emits or has the potential to emit any single HAP at a rate of 10 tons (9.07 megagrams) or more per year or any combination of HAP at a rate of 25 tons (22.68 megagrams) or more per year, except that for oil and gas production facilities, a major source of HAP emissions is determined for each surface site. An area source of HAP emissions is a source that is not a major source. If you are an owner or operator of an area source subject to this proposed rule, you are exempt from the obligation to obtain a permit under 40 CFR parts 70 or 71, provided you are not required to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 40 CFR 71.3(a) for a reason other than your status as an area source under this proposed rule. 1. SI NSPS New source performance standards for stationary SI engines are issued under section 111(b) of the CAA. All new, modified and reconstructed stationary SI engines are covered regardless of size. The NSPS apply to stationary SI engines combusting any fuel (natural gas, gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural gas, landfill gas, digester gas, and any other applicable fuel). New source performance standards require these sources to control emissions to the level achievable by best demonstrated technology (BDT), considering costs and any non-air quality health and environmental impacts and energy requirements. Under section 111 of the CAA, 42 U.S.C. 7411, the Administrator is required to publish, and periodically update, a list of source categories that in his or her judgment cause, or contribute significantly to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. This list appears in 40 CFR 60.16. The list reflects the Administrator's determination that emissions from the listed source categories contribute significantly to air pollution that may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare, and it is intended to identify major source categories for which standards of performance are to be promulgated. EPA has determined that for purposes of NSPS regulations, the stationary internal combustion engine source category should be split into two source categories—SI engines and compression ignition (CI) engines. Proposed NSPS for stationary CI engines were published on July 11, 2005 (70 FR 39870). 2. NESHAP The NESHAP portion of this action is a revision to the regulations in 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ, currently applicable to stationary RICE greater than 500 HP located at major sources, which were promulgated in 2004. Subpart ZZZZ of 40 CFR part 63 does not currently cover stationary engines located at area sources of HAP emissions, nor does it apply to stationary engines located at major sources with a site rating of 500 HP or less. When the subpart ZZZZ of 40 CFR part 63 regulations were promulgated in 2004 (69 FR 33474), EPA deferred promulgating regulations with respect to stationary engines 500 HP or less at major sources until further information on the engines could be obtained and analyzed. It was decided to regulate these smaller engines at the same time as we regulate engines located at area sources. This action proposes to revise 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ, in order to address HAP emissions from stationary RICE less than or equal to 500 HP located at major sources and stationary RICE located at area sources. For stationary engines less than or equal to 500 HP at major sources, EPA must determine what is the appropriate maximum achievable control technology (MACT) for those engines under section 112(d)(3) of the CAA. For stationary engines located at area sources, we have the flexibility to promulgate standards based on generally available control technology (GACT) under CAA section 112(d)(5). We are required to address HAP emissions from stationary RICE located at area sources under section 112(k) of the CAA, based on criteria set forth by EPA in the Urban Air Toxics Strategy described in the paragraph below. On July 19, 1999, EPA announced in the Federal Register its plan for addressing exposure to air toxics in urban areas. The Urban Air Toxics Strategy (64 FR 38706) listed several source categories that emit one or more of the air toxic pollutants of greatest concern in urban areas. The stationary engine source category was one of the source categories listed and, as such, EPA is required to consider it for regulation. The strategy addressed sections 112(c)(3) and 112(k)(3)(B)(ii) of the CAA that instruct us to identify not less than 30 HAP which, as the result of emissions from area sources, present the greatest threat to public health in the largest number of urban areas, and to list sufficient area source categories or subcategories to ensure that emissions representing 90 percent of the 30 listed HAP are subject to regulation. The strategy included a list of 33 HAP judged to pose the greatest potential threat to public health in the largest number of urban areas (the urban HAP) and a list of area source categories emitting the listed HAP (area source HAP). Once listed, these area source categories shall be subject to standards under section 112(d) of the CAA. We have divided the source category into the following subcategories: Stationary RICE less than 50 HP, landfill and digester gas stationary RICE, CI stationary RICE greater than or equal to 50 HP, and SI stationary RICE greater than or equal to 50 HP. The CI stationary RICE greater than or equal to 50 HP subcategory was further subcategorized into emergency and non-emergency engines, as was the subcategory of SI stationary RICE greater than or equal to 50 HP. Spark ignition non-emergency stationary RICE greater than or equal to 50 HP were then subcategorized into 2 stroke lean burn (2SLB), 4 stroke lean burn (4SLB), and 4 stroke rich burn (4SRB) stationary RICE. The regulatory approach being proposed in this action differentiates between gasoline, LPG, natural gas, and digester and landfill gas. Gasoline and LPG are fuels more commonly used in nonroad engines than stationary engines. Nonroad SI engines less than or equal to 19 kilowatt (KW) (25 HP) typically use gasoline. It is estimated that about 68 percent of SI nonroad engines above 19 KW (25 HP) use LPG. A smaller percentage of nonroad SI engines above 19 KW (25 HP) use gasoline (about 23 percent) and even less use compressed natural gas (about 9 percent). Natural gas fuel is more common in larger, stationary applications. Natural gas engines refer to all gaseous-fueled engines except those fueled by landfill and digester gas. Natural gas is primarily composed of methane and typically contains very low levels of sulfur. Other fuels used with stationary SI engines are landfill and digester gases. These gases are by-products of wastewater treatment and land application of municipal reuse. Landfill and digester gases, which are formed through anaerobic decomposition of organic materials, are principally comprised of methane and carbon dioxide, but small quantities of other compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter (PM) may also be present. These gases have a lower methane content than natural gas and may range from 50 to 65 percent. Although similar in composition to natural gas, there are some differences in the emissions from combustion of landfill and digester gases due to e.g., chlorinated compounds typically not found in natural gas. Both landfill and digester gases contain a family of silicon-based gases collectively called siloxanes. Combustion of siloxanes forms compounds that have been known to foul fuel systems, combustion chambers, and post-combustion catalysts. B. What are the pollutants regulated by this proposed rule? New source performance standards are developed under the authority of section 111 of the CAA. Emissions of criteria pollutants (those pollutants identified under section 110 of the CAA) are generally regulated under section 111 of the CAA, while HAP are regulated under section 112 of the CAA. Emissions from stationary engines contribute significantly to air pollution and cause adverse health and welfare effects. The pollutants to be regulated by the proposed NSPS for stationary SI engines are nitrogen oxides (NO X ), carbon monoxide (CO), and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC). In addition, a sulfur limit on gasoline is being proposed. Nitrogen oxides are listed as criteria pollutants and are regulated due to their contribution to the formation of ozone. Nitrogen oxides are precursors to ozone formation. Exposure to ozone has been linked to health and welfare impacts. Health and welfare risks include impaired respiratory function, eye irritation, deterioration of materials such as rubber, and necrosis of plant tissue. Nitrogen oxides are also a major precursor for nitrate PM. Particulate matter, also regulated as a criteria pollutant, is associated with premature mortality and a number of serious adverse respiratory and cardiovascular effects, especially in children, the elderly, and people with existing heart or lung disease. Particulate matter also reduces visibility and damages building materials. Nitrogen oxides are also associated with various other health and welfare effects. Nitrogen dioxide can cause irritation of the lungs and can also reduce the resistance to respiratory infection. Nitrogen oxides are one of the major pollutants emitted from stationary ICE and stationary ICE are considered to cause or contribute significantly to nationwide releases of NO X emissions. Carbon monoxide is a criteria pollutant and is considered harmful to public health and the environment. Carbon monoxide has been linked to increased risk for people with heart disease, reduced visual perception, cognitive functions and aerobic capacity, and possible fetal effects. Stationary engines emit CO and are considered to contribute to several areas failing to attain the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for CO. Emissions of NMHC from stationary engines contribute to the formation of ozone. In addition, emissions of NMHC include air toxics such as benzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, and acrolein. These substances are known or suspected to be human or animal carcinogens, or having noncancer health effects such as irritation or corrosion of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs; pulmonary and respiratory problems; and dermatitis and sensitization of the skin and respiratory tract. Stationary engines contribute to nationwide releases of NMHC emissions. Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) is a criteria pollutant emitted from stationary SI engines due to sulfur in gasoline. It contributes to respiratory illness, particularly in children and the elderly, and aggravates existing heart and lung diseases. It also contributes to acid deposition, damaging forests, aquatic ecosystems, crops, and building materials. Sulfur dioxide undergoes chemical reactions in the atmosphere to form sulfate PM. The health effects of PM were previously described in this section. This proposed rule reduces SO 2 and sulfate PM by requiring the use of gasoline with lower sulfur levels, thus improving air quality, public health, and public welfare. The NESHAP being proposed in this action would regulate emissions of HAP. Available emissions data show that several HAP are emitted from stationary engines, which are formed during the combustion process or that are contained within the fuel burned. Many HAP have been detected from the stationary engine exhaust, but only a handful of HAP represent the majority of HAP emissions from stationary engines. These HAP are formaldehyde, acrolein, methanol, and acetaldehyde. We described the health effects of these HAP and other HAP emitted from the operation of stationary ICE in the preamble to 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ, published on June 15, 2004, on page 33474 of the Federal Register . These HAP emissions are known to cause, or contribute significantly to air pollution, which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. Under the RICE NESHAP, we are proposing to limit emissions of HAP through emissions standards for NMHC and formaldehyde. We have determined that it is appropriate to use NMHC and formaldehyde or CO emissions as a surrogate for HAP emissions. For the RICE MHAP promulgated in 2004 (69 FR 33474) for engines greater than 500 HP located at major sources, EPA chose to select a single pollutant to serve as a surrogate for HAP emissions. Formaldehyde is the hazardous air pollutant present in the highest concentration from stationary engines. In addition, emissions data show that formaldehyde emission levels are related to other HAP emission levels. For the NESHAP promulgated in 2004, EPA also found that there is a strong relationship between CO emissions reductions and HAP emissions reductions from 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary engines. Therefore, CO emissions reductions were chosen as a surrogate for HAP emissions reductions for 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary engines operating with oxidation catalyst systems for that rule. For the standards being proposed in this action, EPA believes that previously made decisions regarding the appropriateness of using formaldehyde and CO as surrogates for HAP are still valid. For this proposal, EPA conducted an analysis using available emissions data to look at the relationship between formaldehyde (a surrogate for HAP) and NMHC. Based on statistical results of engine exhaust data, these data indicate that there is a significant relationship between formaldehyde and NMHC emissions from 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE. For this reason, EPA believes it is appropriate to use NMHC emissions as a surrogate for formaldehyde, and consequently, also as a surrogate for HAP emissions. Much of the HAP being regulated are hydrocarbons; e.g., formaldehyde, an oxygenated hydrocarbon, is the HAP emitted in largest quantities from stationary engines. For more information on EPA's analysis of NMHC as a surrogate for HAP, refer to the docket for this proposal. C. What are the proposed standards? A description of the proposed standards is provided in the following sections. 1. SI NSPS a. Stationary SI Engines ≤19 KW (25 HP). EPA is proposing emission standards that will affect manufacturers, owners, and operators of stationary SI engines. Engine manufacturers must certify their stationary SI engines with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 19 KW (25 HP) that are manufactured after January 1, 2008, to the certification emission standards for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 90, as applicable. The standards applicable to these engines are shown in Table 1 of this preamble. Table 1.—NO X , HC, NMHC, and CO Emission Standards in g/KW-hr (g/HP-hr) for Stationary SI Engines ≤19 KW (25 HP) Engine class c Emission requirement in g/KW-hr (g/HP-hr) HC+NO X NMHC+NO X a CO Manufacture date b I 16.1 (12.0) 14.8 (11.0) I-A 50 (37) 610 (455) January 1, 2008. I-B 40 (30) 37 (27.6) II 12.1 (9.0) 11.3 (8.4) a NMHC+NO X standards are applicable only to natural gas fueled engines at the option of the manufacturer, in lieu of HC+NO X standards. b Modified and reconstructed engines manufactured prior to January 1, 2008, must meet the standards applicable to engines manufactured after January 1, 2008. c Class I-A: Engines with displacement 19 KW (25 HP) and Rich Burn LPG Engines >19 KW (25 HP). Engine manufacturers must certify their stationary SI engines with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) and less than 500 HP that use gasoline or rich burn engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) and less than 500 HP that use LPG that are manufactured after January 1, 2008, to the certification emission standards for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 1048, as applicable. Engine manufacturers must certify their stationary SI engines with a maximum engine power greater than or equal to 500 HP that use gasoline or rich burn engines greater than or equal to 500 HP that use LPG that are manufactured after July 1, 2007, to the certification emission standards for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 1048. The standards applicable to engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that are gasoline or rich burn engines that use LPG are shown in Table 2 of this preamble. Table 2.—NO X , HC, and CO Emission Standards in g/KW-hr (g/HP-hr) for Stationary SI Gasoline Engines >19 KW (25 HP) and Rich Burn LPG Engines >19 KW (25 HP) Maximum engine power Manufacture date Emission requirement in g/KW-hr (g/HP-hr) a, b HC+NO X CO 2519KW (25 HP) [Except Gasoline and Rich Burn LPG Engines] Engine type and fuel Maximum engine power Manufacture date a Emission standards in g/HP-hr NO X CO NMHC Non-Emergency SI Natural Gas 25HP19 KW (25 HP) and Rich Burn LPG Engines >19 KW (25 HP). For stationary SI engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use gasoline and rich burn engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use LPG, the technology that is the basis of the proposed standards are the technologies used by nonroad SI engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) to comply with the emission standards in 40 CFR part 1048. The majority of nonroad SI engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) use LPG, but some operate on gasoline or natural gas. There are two tiers for nonroad SI engines in this size category. Tier 1 standards were scheduled to begin in 2004; Tier 2 standards will begin in 2007. The upcoming Tier 2 standards are based on three-way catalyst systems with electronic, closed-loop fuel systems. For stationary SI engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use gasoline or are rich burn engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use LPG, EPA believes these engines are very similar to nonroad SI equipment, and the same engines designed for use in nonroad applications are used in stationary applications. Therefore, for stationary SI engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use gasoline and rich burn engines greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use LPG, the BDT is the technology that is the basis for the Tier 2 emission standards for nonroad engines above 19 KW (25 HP) regulated under 40 CFR part 1048. c. Stationary Non-Emergency SI Natural Gas Engines 2519 KW (25 HP) that use gasoline? 60.4240 What are my compliance requirements if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines >19 KW (25 HP) that are rich burn engines that use LPG? 60.4241 What are my compliance requirements if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines participating in the voluntary certification program? 60.4242 What other requirements must I meet if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines? Compliance Requirements for Owners and Operators 60.4243 What are my compliance requirements if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? Testing Requirements for Owners and Operators 60.4244 What test methods and other procedures must I use if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? Notification, Reports, and Records for Owners and Operators 60.4245 What are my notification, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? Definitions 60.4246 What definitions apply to this subpart? Tables to Subpart JJJJ of Part 60 Table 1 to Subpart JJJJ of Part 60—NO X , NMHC, and CO Emission Standards in g/HP-hr for Stationary SI Engines >25 HP (except Gasoline and Rich Burn LPG Engines) Table 2 to Subpart JJJJ of Part 60—Requirements for Performance Tests What This Subpart Covers § 60.4230 Am I subject to this subpart? (a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to manufacturers, owners, and operators of stationary spark ignition (SI) internal combustion engines (ICE) as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section. For the purposes of this subpart, the date that construction commences is the date the engine is ordered by the owner or operator. (1) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 19 kilowatt (KW) (25 horsepower (HP)) that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2008. (2) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that are gasoline fueled or that are rich burn engines fueled by liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), where the date of manufacture is: (i) On or after July 1, 2007, for engines with a maximum engine power greater than or equal to 500 HP, (ii) On or after January 1, 2008, for engines with a maximum engine power less than 500 HP. (3) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that are not gasoline fueled and are not rich burn engines fueled by LPG, where the manufacturer participates in the voluntary manufacturer certification program described in this subpart and where the date of manufacture is: (i) On or after July 1, 2007, for engines with a maximum engine power greater than or equal to 500 HP, (ii) On or after January 1, 2008, for engines with a maximum engine power less than 500 HP, (iii) On or after January 1, 2009, for emergency engines. (4) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE that commence construction after June 12, 2006 where the stationary SI ICE are manufactured: (i) On or after July 1, 2007, for engines with a maximum engine power greater than or equal to 500 HP, (ii) On or after January 1, 2008, for engines with a maximum engine power less than 500 HP, (iii) On or after January 1, 2009, for emergency engines with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that are not gasoline fueled and are not rich burn engines fueled by LPG. (5) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE that commence modification or reconstruction after June 12, 2006. (b) The provisions of this subpart are not applicable to stationary SI ICE being tested at an engine test cell/stand. (c) If you are an owner or operator of an area source subject to this subpart, you are exempt from the obligation to obtain a permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71, provided you are not required to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 40 CFR 71.3(a) for a reason other than your status as an area source under this subpart. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must continue to comply with the provisions of this subpart as applicable. (d) For the purposes of this subpart, stationary SI ICE using alcohol-based fuels are considered gasoline engines. (e) Stationary SI ICE used for national security are eligible for exemption from the requirements of this subpart as described in 40 CFR 1068.225, except that owners and operators, as well as manufacturers, may be eligible to request this exemption. Emission Standards for Manufacturers § 60.4231 What emission standards must I meet if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines? (a) Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers must certify their stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 19 KW (25 HP) manufactured on or after January 1, 2008 to the certification emission standards and other requirements for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 90. (b) Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers must certify their stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use gasoline and that are manufactured on or after the applicable date in § 60.4230(a)(2) to the certification emission standards and other requirements for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 1048. Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers may certify their stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 30 KW (40 HP) with a total displacement less than or equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters (cc) to the certification emission standards and other requirements for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 90. (c) Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers must certify their stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that are rich burn engines that use LPG and that are manufactured on or after the applicable date in § 60.4230(a)(2) to the certification emission standards and other requirements for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 1048. Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers may certify their stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 30 KW (40 HP) with a total displacement less than or equal to 1,000 cc to the certification emission standards and other requirements for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 90. (d) Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers of engines with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that do not use gasoline and are not rich burn engines that use LPG who choose to certify engines under the voluntary manufacturer certification program described in this subpart must certify those engines to the emission standards in Table 1 to this subpart. § 60.4232 How long must my engines meet the emission standards if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines? Engines manufactured by stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers must meet the emission standards as required in § 60.4231 during the useful life of the engines. Emission Standards for Owners and Operators § 60.4233 What emission standards must I meet if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? (a) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 19 KW (25 HP) manufactured on or after January 1, 2008 must comply with the emission standards in § 60.4231(a) for their stationary SI ICE. (b) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) manufactured on or after the applicable date in § 60.4230(a)(2) that use gasoline must comply with the emission standards in § 60.4231(b) for their stationary SI ICE. (c) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) manufactured on or after the applicable date in § 60.4230(a)(2) that are rich burn engines that use LPG must comply with the emission standards in § 60.4231(c) for their stationary SI ICE. (d) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that do not use gasoline and are not rich burn engines that use LPG must comply with the emission standards in Table 1 to this subpart for their stationary SI ICE. These emission standards include emission standards for stationary SI landfill/digester gas ICE and stationary SI emergency ICE. (e) Owners and operators of any modified or reconstructed stationary SI ICE subject to this subpart must meet the requirements as specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (5) of this section. (1) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 19 KW (25 HP), that are modified or reconstructed after June 12, 2006, must comply with the same emission standards as those specified in paragraph (a) of this section. (2) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that use gasoline engines, that are modified or reconstructed after June 12, 2006, must comply with the same emission standards as those specified in paragraph (b) of this section. (3) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that are rich burn engines that use LPG, that are modified or reconstructed after June 12, 2006, must comply with the same emission standards as those specified in paragraph (c) of this section. (4) Owners and operators of stationary SI natural gas and lean burn LPG engines with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP), that are modified or reconstructed after June 12, 2006, must comply with the same emission standards as those specified in paragraph (d) of this section, except that such owners and operators must meet a nitrogen oxides (NO X ) emission standard of 3.0 grams per HP-hour (g/HP-hr), a carbon monoxide (CO) emission standard of 4.0 g/HP-hr, and a non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) emission standard of 1.0 g/HP-hr, where the date of manufacture of the engine is: (i) Prior to July 1, 2007, for non-emergency engines with a maximum engine power greater than or equal to 500 HP; (ii) Prior to January 1, 2008, for non-emergency engines with a maximum engine power less than 500 HP; (iii) Prior to January 1, 2009, for emergency engines. (5) Owners and operators of stationary SI landfill/digester gas ICE engines with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP), that are modified or reconstructed after June 12, 2006, must comply with the same emission standards as those specified in paragraph (d) of this section for stationary landfill/digester gas engines. § 60.4234 How long must I meet the emission standards if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE must operate and maintain stationary SI ICE that achieve the emission standards as required in § 60.4233 according to the manufacturer's written instructions or procedures developed by the owner or operator that are approved by the engine manufacturer, over the entire life of the engine. Other Requirements for Owners and Operators § 60.4235 What fuel requirements must I meet if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI gasoline fired internal combustion engine subject to this subpart? Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE subject to this subpart that use gasoline must use gasoline that meets the per gallon sulfur limit in 40 CFR 80.195. § 60.4236 What is the deadline for importing or installing stationary SI ICE produced in the previous model year? (a) After January 1, 2010, owners and operators may not install stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power of less than 500 HP that do not meet the applicable requirements in § 60.4233. (b) After July 1, 2009, owners and operators may not install stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power of greater than or equal to 500 HP that do not meet the applicable requirements in § 60.4233. (c) For emergency stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power of greater than 19 kW (25 HP) that are not gasoline fueled engines and that are not rich burn engines fueled by LPG, owners and operators may not install engines that do not meet the applicable requirements in § 60.4233 after January 1, 2011. (d) In addition to the requirements specified in §§ 60.4231 and 60.4233, it is prohibited to import stationary SI ICE ≤19 KW (25 HP), stationary rich burn LPG SI ICE, and stationary gasoline SI ICE that do not meet the applicable requirements specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, after the date specified in paragraph (a) and (b) of this section. (e) The requirements of this section do not apply to owners and operators of stationary SI ICE that have been modified or reconstructed, and they do not apply to engines that were removed from one existing location and reinstalled at a new location. § 60.4237 What are the monitoring requirements if I am an owner or operator of an emergency stationary SI internal combustion engine? If you are an owner or operator of an emergency stationary SI internal combustion engine, you must install a non-resettable hour meter prior to startup of the engine. Compliance Requirements for Manufacturers § 60.4238 What are my compliance requirements if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines ≤19 KW (25 HP)? Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers who are subject to the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(a) must certify their stationary SI ICE using the certification procedures required in 40 CFR part 90, subpart B, and must test their engines as specified in that part. § 60.4239 What are my compliance requirements if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines >19 KW (25 HP) that use gasoline? Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers who are subject to the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(b) must certify their stationary SI ICE using the certification procedures required in 40 CFR part 1048, subpart C, and must test their engines as specified in that part. Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers who certify their stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 30 KW (40 HP) with a total displacement less than or equal to 1,000 cc to the certification emission standards and other requirements for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 90 must certify their stationary SI ICE using the certification procedures required in 40 CFR part 90, subpart B, and must test their engines as specified in that part. § 60.4240 What are my compliance requirements if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines >19 KW (25 HP) that are rich burn engines that use LPG? Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers who are subject to the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(c) must certify their stationary SI ICE using the certification procedures required in 40 CFR part 1048, subpart C, and must test their engines as specified in that part. Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers who certify their stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 30 KW (40 HP) with a total displacement less than or equal to 1,000 cc to the certification emission standards and other requirements for new nonroad SI engines in 40 CFR part 90 must certify their stationary SI ICE using the certification procedures required in 40 CFR part 90, subpart B, and must test their engines as specified in that part. § 60.4241 What are my compliance requirements if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines participating in the voluntary certification program? (a) Manufacturers of stationary SI internal combustion engines with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that do not use gasoline and are not rich burn engines that use LPG can choose to certify their engines to the emission standards in § 60.4231(d) under the voluntary certification program described in this subpart. Manufacturers who certify their engines under the voluntary certification program must meet the requirements as specified in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this section. (b) Manufacturers must certify their stationary SI ICE using the certification procedures required in 40 CFR part 1048, subpart C, and must follow the same test procedures that apply to large SI nonroad engines under 40 CFR part 1048, but must use the D-2 cycle of International Organization of Standardization 8178-4 specified in Table 3 to 40 CFR 1048.505. (c) Certification of stationary SI ICE to the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(d) is voluntary. However, once the manufacturer produces stationary SI ICE certified to the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(d) for a given model year, the requirements on the manufacturer for such stationary SI ICE are not voluntary. (d) Manufacturers of natural gas fired stationary SI ICE who conduct voluntary certification of stationary SI ICE to the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(d) must certify their engines for operation using fuel that meets the definition of pipeline-quality natural gas. The fuel used for certifying stationary SI natural gas engines must meet the definition of pipeline-quality natural gas as described in § 60.4246. In addition, the manufacturer must provide information to the owner and operator of the certified stationary SI engine including the specifications of the pipeline-quality natural gas to which the engine is certified and what adjustments the owner or operator must make to the engine when installed in the field to ensure compliance with the emission standards. (e) Manufacturers of stationary SI ICE that are lean burn engines fueled by LPG who conduct voluntary certification of stationary SI ICE to the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(d) must certify their engines for operation using fuel that meets the specifications in 40 CFR 1065.720. (f) Manufacturers may certify their engines for operation using gaseous fuels in addition to pipeline-quality natural gas; however, the manufacturer must specify the properties of that fuel and provide testing information showing that the engine will meet the emission standards specified in § 60.4231(d) when operating on that fuel. The manufacturer must also provide instructions for configuring the stationary engine to meet the emission standards on fuels that do not meet the pipeline-quality natural gas definition. The manufacturer must also provide information to the owner and operator of the certified stationary SI engine regarding the configuration that is most conducive to reduced emissions where the engine will be operated on particular fuels to which the engine is not certified. (g) A stationary SI engine manufacturer may certify an engine family solely to the standards applicable to landfill/digester gas engines as specified in § 60.4231(d), but must certify their engines for operation using landfill/digester gas and must add a permanent label stating that the engine is for use only in landfill/digester gas applications. The label must be added according to the labeling requirements specified in 40 CFR 1048.135(b). § 60.4242 What other requirements must I meet if I am a manufacturer of stationary SI internal combustion engines? (a) Stationary SI internal combustion engine manufacturers must meet the provisions of 40 CFR part 90 or 40 CFR part 1048, as applicable, as well as 40 CFR part 1068 for engines that are certified to the emission standards in 40 CFR part 1048, except that engines certified pursuant to the voluntary certification procedures in § 60.4241 are permitted to provide instructions to owners and operators allowing for deviations from certified configurations, if such deviations are consistent with the provisions of paragraphs § 60.4241(c) through (f). Labels on engines certified to 40 CFR part 1048 must refer to stationary engines, rather than or in addition to nonroad engines, as appropriate. (b) An engine manufacturer certifying an engine family or families to standards under this subpart that are identical to standards applicable under 40 CFR part 90 or 40 CFR part 1048 for that model year may certify any such family that contains both nonroad and stationary engines as a single engine family and/or may include any such family containing stationary engines in the averaging, banking and trading provisions applicable for such engines under those parts. (c) Manufacturers of engine families certified to 40 CFR part 1048 may meet the labeling requirements referred to in paragraph (a) of this section for stationary SI ICE by either adding a separate label containing the information required in paragraph (a) of this section or by adding the words “and stationary” after the word “nonroad” to the label. (d) For all engines manufactured on or after January 1, 2011, a stationary SI engine manufacturer that certifies an engine family solely to the standards applicable to emergency engines must add a permanent label stating that the engines in that family are for emergency use only. The label must be added according to the labeling requirements specified in 40 CFR 1048.135(b). Compliance Requirements for Owners and Operators § 60.4243 What are my compliance requirements if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? (a) If you are an owner or operator, you must operate and maintain the stationary SI internal combustion engine and control device according to the manufacturer's written instructions or procedures developed by the owner or operator that are approved by the engine manufacturer. In addition, owners and operators of certified engines may only change those settings that are allowed by the manufacturer to ensure compliance with the applicable emission standards. If you own or operate a stationary SI internal combustion engine that is certified to 40 CFR part 90 or 1048, you must also meet the requirements of 40 CFR parts 90, 1048, and/or part 1068, as they apply to you. (b) If you are an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine that is manufactured after July 1, 2007, for engines with maximum engine power at or above 500 HP, or January 1, 2008, for engines with maximum engine power below 500 HP, and must comply with the emission standards specified in § 60.4233(a) through (c), you must comply by purchasing an engine certified to the emission standards in § 60.4231(a) through (c), as applicable, for the same engine class and maximum engine power. The engine must be installed and configured according to the manufacturer's specifications. (c) If you are an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine and must comply with the emission standards specified in § 60.4233(d), you must demonstrate compliance according to one of the methods specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Purchasing an engine certified according to procedures specified in this subpart, for the same model year. The engine must be installed and configured according to the manufacturer's specifications to ensure compliance with the applicable standards. Owners and operators of engines that have been certified by the engine manufacturer are not required to conduct any performance testing unless the engine is operated outside of the fuel properties specified by the manufacturer. If the owner or operator uses fuels outside of the fuel specifications (other than propane used solely for emergency purposes for up to 100 hours per year) or does not follow the adjustments specified by the manufacturer, the engine is no longer considered a certified engine and the owner or operator must test the engine to demonstrate compliance, according to the procedures specified in § 60.4244. (2) Conducting an initial performance test to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards specified in Table 1 to this subpart and according to the requirements specified in § 60.4244, as applicable. If you are an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine that is greater than 500 HP, you must also conduct subsequent performance tests every 3 years or 8,760 hours of operation, whichever comes first. (d) If you are an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine that must comply with the emission standards specified in § 60.4233(e), you must demonstrate compliance according paragraph (c)(2) of this section. (e) Emergency stationary ICE may be operated for the purpose of maintenance checks and readiness testing, provided that the tests are recommended by Federal, State or local government, the manufacturer, the vendor, or the insurance company associated with the engine. Maintenance checks and readiness testing of such units is limited to 100 hours per year. There is no time limit on the use of emergency stationary ICE in emergency situations. The owner or operator may petition the Administrator for approval of additional hours to be used for maintenance checks and readiness testing, but a petition is not required if the owner or operator maintains records indicating that Federal, State, or local standards require maintenance and testing of emergency ICE beyond 100 hours per year. For owners and operators of emergency engines, any operation other than emergency operation and maintenance and testing as permitted in this section, is prohibited. (f) Owners and operators of stationary SI natural gas fired engines may operate their engines using propane for a maximum of 100 hours per year as an alternative fuel solely during emergency operations, but must keep records of such use. If propane is used for more than 100 hours per year in an engine that is not certified to the emission standards when using propane, the owners and operators are required to conduct a performance test to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards of § 60.4233. Testing Requirements for Owners and Operators § 60.4244 What test methods and other procedures must I use if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE who conduct performance tests must follow the procedures in paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section. (a) Each performance test must be conducted according to the requirements in § 60.8 and under the specific conditions that are specified by Table 2 to this subpart. (b) You may not conduct performance tests during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, as specified in § 60.8(c). (c) You must conduct three separate test runs for each performance test required in this section, as specified in § 60.8(f). Each test run must last at least 1 hour. (d) To determine compliance with the NO X mass per unit output emission limitation, convert the concentration of NO X in the engine exhaust using Equation 1 of this section: EP12JN06.005 Where: ER = Emission rate of NO X in g/HP-hr. C d = Measured NO X concentration in parts per million (ppm). 1.912 × 10 −3 = Conversion constant for ppm NO X to grams per standard cubic meter at 25 degrees Celsius. Q = Stack gas volumetric flow rate, in standard cubic meter per hour. T = Time of test run, in hours. HP-hr = Brake work of the engine, horsepower-hour (HP-hr). (e) To determine compliance with the CO mass per unit output emission limitation, convert the concentration of CO in the engine exhaust using Equation 2 of this section: EP12JN06.006 Where: ER = Emission rate of CO in g/HP-hr. C d = Measured CO concentration in ppm. 1.164 × 10 −3 = Conversion constant for ppm CO to grams per standard cubic meter at 25 degrees Celsius. Q = Stack gas volumetric flow rate, in standard cubic meters per hour. T = Time of test run, in hours. HP-hr = Brake work of the engine, in HP-hr. (f) To determine compliance with the NMHC mass per unit output emission limitation, convert the concentration of NMHC in the engine exhaust using Equation 3 of this section: EP12JN06.007 Where: ER = Emission rate of NMHC in g/HP-hr. C d = NMHC concentration measured as propane in ppm. 1.832 × 10 −3 = Conversion constant for ppm NMHC measured as propane, to grams per standard cubic meter at 25 degrees Celsius. Q = Stack gas volumetric flow rate, in standard cubic meters per hour. T = Time of test run, in hours. HP-hr = Brake work of the engine, in HP-hr. Notification, Reports, and Records for Owners and Operators § 60.4245 What are my notification, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements if I am an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion engine? Owners or operators of stationary SI ICE must meet the following notification, reporting and recordkeeping requirements. (a) Owners and operators of all stationary SI ICE must keep records of the information in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) All notifications submitted to comply with this subpart and all documentation supporting any notification. (2) Maintenance conducted on the engine. (3) If the stationary SI internal combustion engine is a certified engine, documentation from the manufacturer that the engine is certified to meet the emission standards and information as required in 40 CFR parts 90 and 1048. (4) If the stationary SI internal combustion engine is not a certified engine, documentation that the engine meets the emission standards. (b) The owner or operator of stationary SI emergency ICE must keep records of the hours of operation of the engine that is recorded through the non-resettable hour meter. The owner or operator must document how many hours are spent for emergency operation, including what classified the operation as emergency and how many hours are spent for non-emergency operation. (c) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE greater than or equal to 500 HP that have not been certified by an engine manufacturer to meet the emission standards in § 60.4231 must submit an initial notification as required in § 60.7(a)(1). The notification must include the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (5) of this section. (1) Name and address of the owner or operator; (2) The address of the affected source; (3) Engine information including make, model, engine family, serial number, model year, maximum engine power, and engine displacement; (4) Emission control equipment; and (5) Fuel used. (d) Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE that have not been certified by an engine manufacturer to meet the emission standards in § 60.4231 must submit a copy of each performance test as conducted in § 60.4244 within 30 days after the test has been completed. Definitions § 60.4246 What definitions apply to this subpart? As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the CAA and in subpart A of this part. Certified stationary internal combustion engine means an engine that belongs to an engine family that has a certificate of conformity that complies with the emission standards and requirements in this part, or of 40 CFR part 90 or 40 CFR part 1048, as appropriate. Combustion turbine means all equipment, including but not limited to the turbine, the fuel, air, lubrication and exhaust gas systems, control systems (except emissions control equipment), and any ancillary components and sub-components comprising any simple cycle combustion turbine, any regenerative/recuperative cycle combustion turbine, the combustion turbine portion of any cogeneration cycle combustion system, or the combustion turbine portion of any combined cycle steam/electric generating system. Compression ignition means relating to a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is not a spark ignition engine. Diesel fuel means any liquid obtained from the distillation of petroleum with a boiling point of approximately 150 to 360 degrees Celsius. One commonly used form is number 2 distillate oil. Digester gas means any gaseous by-product of wastewater treatment typically formed through the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste materials and composed principally of methane and CO 2 . Emergency stationary internal combustion engine means any stationary internal combustion engine whose operation is limited to emergency situations and required testing and maintenance. Examples include stationary ICE used to produce power for critical networks or equipment (including power supplied to portions of a facility) when electric power from the local utility (or the normal power source, if the facility runs on its own power production) is interrupted, or stationary ICE used to pump water in the case of fire or flood, etc. Stationary SI ICE used for peak shaving are not considered emergency stationary ICE. Engine manufacturer means the manufacturer of the engine. See the definition of “manufacturer” in this section. Four-stroke engine means any type of engine which completes the power cycle in two crankshaft revolutions, with intake and compression strokes in the first revolution and power and exhaust strokes in the second revolution. Gasoline means any fuel sold in any State for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines, or nonroad or stationary engines, and commonly or commercially known or sold as gasoline. Landfill gas means a gaseous byproduct of the land application of municipal refuse typically formed through the anaerobic decomposition of waste materials and composed principally of methane and CO 2 . Lean burn engine means any two-stroke or four-stroke spark ignited engine that does not meet the definition of a rich burn engine. Liquefied petroleum gas means any liquefied hydrocarbon gas obtained as a by-product in petroleum refining of natural gas production. Manufacturer has the meaning given in section 216(1) of the Clean Air Act. In general, this term includes any person who manufactures a stationary engine for sale in the United States or otherwise introduces a new stationary engine into commerce in the United States. This includes importers who import stationary engines for resale. Maximum engine power means maximum engine power as defined in 40 CFR 1048.801. Model year means either: The calendar year in which the engine was originally produced, or the annual new model production period of the engine manufacturer if it is different than the calendar year. This must include January 1 of the calendar year for which the model year is named. It may not begin before January 2 of the previous calendar year, and it must end by December 31 of the named calendar year. For an engine that is converted to a stationary engine after being placed into service as a nonroad or other non-stationary engine, model year means the calendar year or new model production period in which the engine was originally produced. Natural gas means a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface, of which the principal constituent is methane. Natural gas may be field or pipeline quality. Non-methane hydrocarbons means the difference between the emitted mass of total hydrocarbons and the emitted mass of methane. Other internal combustion engine means any internal combustion engine, except combustion turbines, which is not a reciprocating internal combustion engine or rotary internal combustion engine. Pipeline-quality natural gas means a naturally occurring fluid mixture of hydrocarbons (e.g., methane, ethane, or propane) produced in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface that maintains a gaseous state at standard atmospheric temperature and pressure under ordinary conditions, and which is provided by a supplier through a pipeline. Pipeline-quality natural gas must either be composed of at least 70 percent methane by volume or have a gross calorific value between 950 and 1,100 British thermal units per standard cubic foot. Reciprocating internal combustion engine means any internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work. Rich burn engine means any four-stroke spark ignited engine where the manufacturer's recommended operating air/fuel ratio divided by the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio at full load conditions is less than or equal to 1.1. Engines originally manufactured as rich burn engines, but modified prior to June 12, 2006 with passive emission control technology for NO X (such as pre-combustion chambers) will be considered lean burn engines. Also, existing engines where there are no manufacturer's recommendations regarding air/fuel ratio will be considered a rich burn engine if the excess oxygen content of the exhaust at full load conditions is less than or equal to 2 percent. Rotary internal combustion engine means any internal combustion engine which uses rotary motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work. Spark ignition means relating to either: A gasoline-fueled engine; or any other type of engine with a spark plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly similar to the theoretical Otto combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines usually use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal operation. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is used for compression ignition and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel at an annual average ratio of less than 2 parts diesel fuel to 100 parts total fuel on an energy equivalent basis are spark ignition engines. Stationary internal combustion engine means any internal combustion engine, except combustion turbines, that converts heat energy into mechanical work and is not mobile. Stationary ICE differ from mobile ICE in that a stationary internal combustion engine is not a nonroad engine as defined at 40 CFR 1068.30, and is not used to propel a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition. Stationary ICE include reciprocating ICE, rotary ICE, and other ICE, except combustion turbines. Stationary internal combustion engine test cell/stand means an engine test cell/stand, as defined in subpart PPPPP of this part, that test stationary ICE. Stoichiometric means the theoretical air-to-fuel ratio required for complete combustion. Subpart means 40 CFOFR part 60, subpart JJJJ. Total hydrocarbons means the combined mass of organic compounds measured by the specified procedure for measuring total hydrocarbon, expressed as a hydrocarbon with a hydrogen-to-carbon mass ratio of 1.85:1. Two-stroke engine means a type of engine which completes the power cycle in single crankshaft revolution by combining the intake and compression operations into one stroke and the power and exhaust operations into a second stroke. This system requires auxiliary scavenging and inherently runs lean of stoichiometric. Useful life means the period during which the engine is designed to properly function in terms of reliability and fuel consumption, without being remanufactured, specified as a number of hours of operation or calendar years, whichever comes first. The values for useful life for stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power less than or equal to 19 KW (25 HP) are given in 40 CFR 90.105. The values for useful life for stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) certified to 40 CFR part 1048 are given in 40 CFR 1048.101(g). The useful life for stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) certified under the voluntary manufacturer certification program of this subpart is 8,000 hours or 10 years, whichever comes first. Voluntary certification program means an optional engine certification program that manufacturers of stationary SI internal combustion engines with a maximum engine power greater than 19 KW (25 HP) that do not use gasoline and are not rich burn engines that use LPG can choose to participate in to certify their engines to the emission standards in § 60.4231(d). Tables to Subpart JJJJ of Part 60 Table 1 to Subpart JJJJ of Part 60.—NO X , NMHC, and CO Emission Standards in g/HP-hr for Stationary SI Engines >25 HP [Except gasoline and rich burn LPG engines] Engine type and fuel Maximum engine power Manufacture date a Emission standards in g/HP-hr NO X CO NMHC Non-Emergency SI Natural Gas 25500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions [As stated in § 63.6600, you must comply with the following emission limitations for existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent:] For each . . . You must meet the following emission limitations . . . 1. 4SRB stationary RICE a. reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more. If you commenced constructed or reconstruction between December 19, 2002, and June 15, 2004, you may reduce formaldehyde emissions by 75 percent or more until June 15, 2007; or b. limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O 2 . 24. Table 1b to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63 is revised to read as follows: Table 1b to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Operating Limitations for Existing, New, and Reconstructed Spark Ignition, 4SRB Stationary RICE >500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions [As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6630 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following operating emission limitations for existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions:] For each . . . You must meet the following operating limitation . . . 1. 4SRB stationary RICE complying with the requirement to reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more (or by 75 percent or more, if applicable) and using NSCR; a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent from the pressure drop across the catalyst measured during the initial performance test; and or 4SRB stationary RICE complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O 2 and using NSCR b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 750 °F and less than or equal to 1250 °F. 2. 4SRB stationary RICE complying with the requirement to reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more (or by 75 percent or more, if applicable) and not using NSCR; comply with any operating limitations approved by the Administrator. or 4SRB stationary RICE complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O 2 and not using NSCR 25. Table 2a to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63 is revised to read as follows: Table 2a to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Emission Limitations for New and Reconstructed Lean Burn and Compression Ignition Stationary RICE >500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions [As stated in § 63.6600, you must comply with the following emission limitations for new and reconstructed lean burn and new and reconstructed compression ignition stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent:] For each . . . You must meet the following emission limitation . . . 1. 2SLB stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions by 58 percent or more; or b. limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 12 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O 2 . If you commenced construction or reconstruction between December 19, 2002, and June 15, 2004, you may limit concentration of formaldehyde to 17 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O 2 until June 15, 2007. 2. 4SLB stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions by 93 percent or more; or b. limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 14 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O 2 . 3. CI stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more; or b. limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 580 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O 2 . 26. Table 2b to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63 is revised to read as follows: Table 2b to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Operating Limitations for New and Reconstructed Lean Burn and Compression Ignition Stationary RICE >500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions [As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6630, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following operating limitations for new and reconstructed lean burn and new and reconstructed compression ignition stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions: For each . . . You must meet the following operating limitation . . . 1. 2SLB and 4SLB stationary RICE and CI stationary RICE complying with the requirement to reduce CO emissions and using an oxidation catalyst; or 2SLB and 4SLB stationary RICE and CI stationary RICE complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using an oxidation catalyst a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent from the pressure drop across the catalyst that was measured during the initial performance test; and b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 450 °F and less than or equal to 1350 °F. 2. 2SLB and 4SLB stationary RICE and CI stationary RICE complying with the requirement to reduce CO emissions and not using an oxidation catalyst; or 2SLB and 4SLB stationary RICE and CI stationary RICE complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using an oxidation catalyst comply with any operating limitations approved by the Administrator. 27. Tables 3 through 8 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63 are amended by: a. Redesignating Tables 3 through 8 as Tables 4 through 9; b. Adding Table 3; and c. Revising the newly redesignated Tables 4 through 9 to read as follows: Table 3 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Emission Limitations for New and Reconstructed Stationary RICE ≤500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions or New or Reconstructed Stationary RICE Located at an Area Source of HAP Emissions For each. . . With a Maximum Engine Power. . . And with a Manufacture Date of a . . . You must meet the following emission limitation. . . 1. New or reconstructed SI stationary RICE ≤25 HP January 1, 2008 Comply with the NMHC emission standards for new SI engines as specified in 40 CFR part 60 subpart JJJJ § 60.4233(a). 2. New or reconstructed SI stationary RICE using gasoline or rich burn engines using LPG 25500 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions Limit the concentration of NMHC in the stationary RICE exhaust Conduct subsequent performance tests every 3 years or 8,760 hours of operation, whichever comes first. b a After you have demonstrated compliance for two consecutive tests, you may reduce the frequency of subsequent performance tests to annually. If the results of any subsequent annual performance test indicate the stationary RICE is not in compliance with the CO or formaldehyde emission limitation, or you deviate from any of your operating limitations, you must resume semiannual performance tests. b New and reconstructed uncertified stationary RICE with a brake HP ≤500 are not required to conduct subsequent performance testing unless the stationary RICE is rebuilt or undergoes major repair or maintenance. Certified engines are not required to conduct any performance testing. Table 5 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Requirements for Performance Tests [As stated in §§ 63.6610, 63.6611, 63.6620, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for performance tests for stationary RICE:] For each . . . Complying with the requirement . . . You must . . . Using . . . According to the following to requirements . . . 1. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions i. measure the O 2 at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and (1) portable CO and O 2 analyzer (a) using ASTM D6522-00 (2005) a (incorporated by reference see § 63.14). Measurements to determine O 2 must be made at the same time as the measurements for CO concentration. ii. measure the CO at the inlet and the outlet of the control device (1) portable CO and O 2 analyzer (a) using ASTM D6522-00 (2005) a (incorporation by reference, see § 63.14). The CO concentration must be at 15 percent O 2 , dry basis 2. 4SRB stationary RICE a. reduce formaldehyde emissions i. select the sampling port location and the number of traverse points; and (1) Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A § 63.7(d)(1)(i) (a) sampling sites must be located at the inlet and outlet of the control device. ii. measure O 2 at the inlet of the control device; and (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, or ASTM Method D6522-00(2005) (a) measurements to determine O 2 concentration must be made at the same time as the measurements for formaldehyde concentration. iii. measure moisture content at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and (1) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, or Test Method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A or ASTM D 6348-03 (a) measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for formaldehyde concentration. iv. measure formaldehyde at the inlet and the outlet of the control device (1) Method 320 or 323 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A; or ASTM D6348-03, b provided in ASTM D6348-03 Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent R must be greater than or equal to 70 and less than or equal to 130 (a) formaldehyde concentration must at 15 percent O 2 , dry basis. Results of this test consist of the average of the three 1-hour or longer runs. 3. stationary RICE a. limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust i. select the sampling port location and the number of traverse points; and (1) Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A § 63.7(d)(1)(i) (a) if using a control device, the sampling site must be located at the outlet of the control device. ii. determine the O 2 concentration of the stationary RICE exhaust at the sampling port location; and (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, or ASTM Method D6522-00 (2005) (a) measurements to determine O 2 concentration must be made at the same time and location as measurements for formaldehyde concentration. iii. measure moisture content of the stationary RICE exhaust at the sampling port location; and (1) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, or Test Method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D 6348-03 (a) measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for formaldehyde concentration. iv. measure formaldehyde at the exhaust of the stationary RICE (1) Method 320 or 323 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A; or ASTM D6348-03 b provided in ASTM D6348-03 Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent R must be greater than or equal to 70 and less than or equal to 130 (a) Formaldehyde concentration must be at 15 percent O 2 , dry basis. Results of this test consist of the average of the three 1-hour or longer runs. 4. New or reconstructed uncertified stationary RICE, except stationary RICE with a brake HP >500 located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP emissions limit the concentration of NMHC in the stationary RICE exhaust i. select the sampling port location and the number of traverse points; (1) Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A (a) if using a control device, the sampling site must be located the outlet of the control device. ii. If, necessary, measure moisture content of the stationary internal combustion engine exhaust at the sampling port location; and (2) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A (b) measurements to determine moisture must be made at the same time as the measurement for NMHC concentration. iii. measure NMHC at the exhaust of the stationary internal combustion engine (3) Method 25 or Methods 25A and 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A (c) Results of this test consist of the average of the three 1-hour or longer runs. a You may also use Methods 3A and 10 as options to ASTM-D6522-00 (2005). You may obtain a copy of ASTM-D6522-00 (2005) from at least one of the following addresses: American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428—2959, or University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. b You may obtain a copy of ASTM-D6348-03 from at least one of the following addresses: American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, or University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Table 6 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Initial Compliance with Emission Limitations and Operating Limitations [As stated in §§ 63.6625 and 63.6630 you must initially comply with the emission and operating limitations as required by the following:] For each. . . Complying with the requirement to. . . You have demonstrated initial compliance if. . . 1. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions and using oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS i. the average reduction of emissions of CO determined from the initial performance test achieves the required CO percent reduction; and ii. you have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. you have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. 2. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions and not using oxidation catalyst i. the average reduction of emissions of CO determined from the initial performance test achieves the required CO percent reduction; and ii. you have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. you have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. 3. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary Rice a. reduce CO emissions, and using a CEMS i. you have installed a CEMS to continuously monitor CO and either O 2 or CO 2 at both the inlet and outlet of the oxidation catalyst according to the requirements in § 63.6625(a); and ii. you have conducted a performance evaluation of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; and iii. the average reduction of CO calculated using § 63.6620 equals or exceeds the required percent reduction. The initial test comprises the first 4-hour period after successful validation of the CEMS. Compliance is based on the average percent reduction achieved during the 4-hour period. 4. 4SRB stationary RICE a. reduce formaldehyde emissions and using NSCR i. the average reduction of emissions of formaldehyde determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required formaldehyde percent reduction; and ii. you have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. you have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. 5. 4SRB stationary RICE a. reduce formaldehyde emissions and not using NSCR i. the average reduction of emissions of formaldehyde determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required formaldehyde percent reduction; and ii. you have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. you have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. 6. Stationary RICE a. limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using oxidation catalyst or NSCR i. the average formaldehyde concentration corrected to 15 percent O 2 , dry basis, from the three test runs is less than or equal to the formaldehyde emission limitation; and ii. you have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. you have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. 7. Stationary RICE a. limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using oxidation catalyst or NSCR i. the average formaldehyde concentration, corrected to 15 percent O 2 , dry basis, from the three test runs is less than or equal to the formaldehyde emission limitation; and ii. you have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. you have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. 8. New and reconstructed SI stationary RICE with a maximum engine power ≤25 HP meet emission standards in § 63.6605 you have purchased an engine certified to the emission standards specified in 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ § 60.4233(a). 9. New and reconstructed SI stationary RICE with a maximum engine power >25 HP that use gasoline or that are rich burn and use LPG meet emission standards in § 63.6605 you have purchased an engine certified to the emission standards specified in 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ, §§ 60.4233(b) or (c), as applicable. 10. New and reconstructed SI stationary RICE with a maximum engine power >25 HP that use fuels other than gasoline and are not rich burn engines that use LPG meet emission standards in § 63.6605 i. you have purchased an engine certified to the emission standards specified in 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ; or ii. the average NMHC concentration, from the three test runs is less than or equal to 0.7g/HP-hr. 11. New and reconstructed CI stationary RICE meet emission standards in § 63.6605 you have purchased an engine certified to the emission standards specified in 40 CFR part 60, subpart IIII, §§ 60.4204 and 60.4205, as applicable. . Table 7 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Continuous Compliance With Emission Limitations and Operating Limitations [As stated in § 63.6640, you must continuously comply with the emissions and operating limitations as required by the following:] For each . . . Complying with the requirement to . . . You must demonstrate continuous compliance by . . . 1. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions and using an oxidation catalyst, and using a CPM i. conducting semiannual performance tests for CO to demonstrate that the required CO percent reduction is achieved a ; and ii. collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and iii. reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and iv. maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and v. measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. 2. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions and not using an oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS i. conducting semiannual performance tests for CO to demonstrate that the required CO percent reduction is achieved a ; and ii. collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and iii. reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and iv. maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. 3. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE a. reduce CO emissions and using a CEMS i. collecting the monitoring data according § 63.6625(a), reducing the measurements to 1-hour averages, calculating the percent reduction of CO emissions according to § 63.6620; and ii. demonstrating that the catalyst achieves the required percent reduction of CO emissions over the 4-hour averaging period; and iii. conducting an annual RATA of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B, as well as daily and periodic data quality checks in accordance with 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, procedure 1. 4. 4SRB stationary RICE a. reduce formaldehyde emissions and using NSCR i. collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and ii. reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and iii. maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and iv. measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. 5. 4SRB stationary RICE a. reduce formaldehyde emissionis and not using NSCR i. collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and ii. reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and iii. maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. 6. 4SRB stationary RICE with a brake HP ≥5,000 reduce formaldehyde emissions conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that the required formaldehyde percent reduction is achieved a . 7. stationary RICE limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using oxidation catalyst or NSCR i. conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that your emissions remain at or below the formaldehyde concentration the stationary limit a ; and ii. collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and iii. reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and iv. maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and v. measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. 8. stationary RICE limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using oxidation catalyst or NSCR i. conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that your emissions remain at or below the formaldehyde concentration limit a ; and ii. collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and ii. reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and iii. maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. 9. New and reconstructed uncertified stationary RICE with a brake HP >500 located at an area source of HAP emissions limit the concentration of NMHC in the stationary RICE exhaust i. conducting performance tests every 3 years or 8,760 hours of operation, whichever comes first for NMHC to demonstrate that the required NMHC limit is achieved; and ii. operating and maintaining your stationary RICE and control device according to the manufacturer's written instructions. 10. New and reconstructed certified stationary RICE, except stationary RICE with a brake HP >500 located at a major source of HAP emissions meet the emission standards specified in 40 CFR part 60 subpart JJJJ § 60.4233, as applicable operating and maintaining your stationary RICE and control device according to the manufacturer's written instructions. a After you have demonstrated compliance for two consecutive tests, you may reduce the frequency of subsequent performance tests to annually. If the results of any subsequent annual performance test indicate the stationary RICE is not in compliance with the CO or formaldehyde emission limitation, or you deviate from any of your operating limitations, you must resume semiannual performance tests. Table 8 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Requirements for Reports. [As stated in § 63.6650, you must comply with the following requirements for reports:] For each . . . You must submit a(n) The report must contain . . . You must submit the report . . . 1. Stationary RICE with a brake HP >500 located at a major source of HAP emissions a. compliance report i. if there are no deviations from any emission limitations or operating limitations that apply to you, a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations or operating limitations during the reporting period. If there were no periods during which the CMS, including CEMS and CPMS, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were not periods during which the CMS was out-of-control during the reporting period; or (a) semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b). and New or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP emissions ii. if you had a deviation from any emission limitation or operating limitation during the reporting period, the information in § 63.6660(d). If there were periods during which the CMS, including CEMS and CPMS, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), the information in § 63.6650(e); or (a) semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b). iii. if you had a startup, shutdown or malfunction during the reporting period, the information in § 63.10(d)(5)(i). (a) semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b). 2. Stationary RICE with a brake HP >500 located at a major source of HAP emissions b. an immediate startup, shutdown, and malfunction report if actions addressing the startup, shutdown, or malfunction were inconsistent with your startup, shutdown, or malfunction plan during the reporting period. i. actions taken for the event; and (a) by fax or telephone within 2 working days after starting actions inconsistent with the plan. and New or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP emissions ii. the information in § 63.10(d)(5)(ii). (a) by letter within 7 working days after the end of the event unless you have made alternative arrangements with the permitting authorities. (§ 63.10(d)(5)(ii)) plan. 3. New or reconstructed stationary RICE which fires landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis c. Report i. the fuel flow rate of each fuel and the heating values that were used in your calculations, and you must demonstrate that the percentage of heat input provided by landfill gas or digester gas, is equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis; and (a) annually, according to the requirements in § 63.6650. ii. the operating limits provided in your federally enforceable permit, and any deviations from these limits; and (a) see item 3(c)(i)(a). iii. any problems or errors suspected with the meters (a) see item 3(c)(i)(a). Table 9 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63.—Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart ZZZZ [As stated in § 63.6665, you must comply with the following applicable general provisions.] General provisions citation Subject of citation Applies to subpart Explanation § 63.1 General applicability of the General Provisions Yes § 63.2 Definitions Yes Additional terms defined in § 63.6675. § 63.3 Units and abbreviations Yes § 63.4 Prohibited activities and circumvention Yes § 63.5 Construction and reconstruction Yes § 63.6(a) Applicability Yes § 63.6(b)(1)-(4) Compliance dates for new and reconstructed sources Yes § 63.6(b)(5) Notification Yes § 63.6(b)(6) [Reserved] § 63.6(b)(7) Compliance dates for new and reconstructed area sources that become major sources Yes § 63.6(c)(1)-(2) Compliance dates for existing sources Yes § 63.6(c)(3)-(4) [Reserved] § 63.6(c)(5) Compliance dates for existing area sources that become major sources Yes § 63.6(d) [Reserved] § 63.6(e)(1) Operation and maintenance Yes § 63.6(e)(2) [Reserved] § 63.6(e)(3) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan Yes § 63.6(f)(1) Applicability of standards except during startup shutdown malfunction (SSM) Yes § 63.6(f)(2) Methods for determining compliance Yes § 63.6(f)(3) Finding of compliance Yes § 63.6(g)(1)-(3) Use of alternate standard Yes § 63.6(h) Opacity and visible emission standards No Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or visible emission standards. § 63.6(i) Compliance extension procedures and criteria Yes § 63.6(j) Presidential compliance exemption Yes § 63.7(a)(1)-(2) Performance test dates Yes Subpart ZZZZ contains performance test dates at §§ 63.6610 and 63.6611. § 63.7(a)(3) CAA section 114 authority Yes § 63.7(b)(1) Notification of performance test Yes § 63.7(b)(2) Notification of rescheduling Yes § 63.7(c) Quality assurance/test plan Yes § 63.7(d) Testing facilities Yes § 63.7(e)(1) Conditions for conducting performance tests Yes § 63.7(e)(2) Conduct of performance tests and reduction of data Yes Subpart ZZZZ specifies test methods at § 63.6620. § 63.7(e)(3) Test run duration Yes § 63.7(e)(4) Administrator may require other testing under section 114 of the CAA Yes § 63.7(f) Alternative test method provisions Yes § 63.7(g) Performance test data analysis, recordkeeping, and reporting Yes § 63.7(h) Waiver of tests Yes § 63.8(a)(1) Applicability of monitoring requirements Yes Subpart ZZZZ contains specific for monitoring at requirements § 63.6625. § 63.8(a)(2) Performance specifications Yes § 63.8(a)(3) [Reserved] § 63.8(a)(4) Monitoring for control devices No § 63.8(b)(1) Monitoring Yes § 63.8(b)(2)-(3) Multiple effluents and multiple monitoring systems Yes § 63.8(c)(1) Monitoring system operation and maintenance Yes § 63.8(c)(1)(i) Routine and predictable SSM Yes § 63.8(c)(1)(ii) SSM not in Startup Shutdown Malfunction Yes Plan § 63.8(c)(1)(iii) Compliance with operation and maintenance requirements Yes § 63.8(c)(2)-(3) Monitoring system installation Yes § 63.8(c)(4) Continuous monitoring system (CMS) requirements Yes Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require Continuous Opacity Monitoring System (COMS). § 63.8(c)(5) COMS minimum procedures No Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. § 63.8(c)(6)-(8) CMS requirements Yes Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. § 63.8(d) CMS quality control Yes § 63.8(e) CMS performance evaluation Yes Except for 63.8(e)(5)(ii), which applies to COMS. § 63.8(f)(1)-(5) Alternative monitoring method Yes § 63.8(f)(6) Alternative to relative accuracy test Yes § 63.8(g) Data reduction Yes Except that provisions for COMS are not applicable. Averaging periods for demonstrating compliance are specified at ”63.6635 and 63.6640. § 63.9(a) Applicability and State delegation of notification requirements Yes § 63.9(b)(1)-(5) Initial notifications Yes Except that § 63.9(b)(3) is reserved. § 63.9(c) Request for compliance extension Yes § 63.9(d) Notification of special compliance requirements for new sources Yes § 63.9(e) Notification of performance test Yes § 63.9(f) Notification of visible emission (VE)/opacity test No Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. § 63.9(g)(1) Notification of performance evaluation Yes § 63.9(g)(2) Notification of use of COMS data No Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. § 63.9(g)(3) Notification that criterion for alternative to RATA is exceeded Yes If alternative is in use. § 63.9(h)(1)-(6) Notification of Yes Except that notifications for compliance status sources using a CEMS are due 30 days after completion of performance evaluations.§ 63.9(h)(4) is reserved. § 63.9(i) Adjustment of submittal deadlines Yes § 63.9(j) Change in previous information Yes § 63.10(a) Administrative provisions for record keeping/reporting Yes § 63.10(b)(1) Record retention Yes § 63.10(b)(2)(i)-(v) SSM Records related to Yes § 63.10(b)(2)(vi)-(xi) Records Yes § 63.10(b)(2)(xii) Record when under waiver Yes § 63.10(b)(2)(xiii) Records when using alternative to RATA Yes For CO standard if using RATA alternative. § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv) Records of supporting documentation Yes § 63.10(b)(3) Records of applicability determination Yes § 63.10(c) Additional records for sources using CEMS Yes Except that § 63.10(c)(2)-(4) and (9) are reserved. § 63.10(d)(1) General reporting requirements Yes § 63.10(d)(2) Report of performance test results Yes § 63.10(d)(3) Reporting opacity or VE observations No Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. § 63.10(d)(4) Progress reports Yes § 63.10(d)(5) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports Yes § 63.10(e)(1) and (2)(i) Additional CMS reports Yes § 63.10(e)(2)(ii) COMS-related report No Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. § 63.10(e)(3) Excess emission and parameter exceedances reports Yes Except that § 63.10(e)(3)(i)(C) is reserved. § 63.10(e)(4) Reporting COMS data No Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. § 63.10(f) Waiver for recordkeeping/reporting Yes § 63.11 Flares No § 63.12 State authority and delegations Yes § 63.13 Addresses Yes § 63.14 Incorporation by reference Yes § 63.15 Availability of information Yes PART 85—[AMENDED] 28. The authority citation for part 85 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q. 29. Section 85.2401 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(13) to read as follows: § 85.2401 To whom do these requirements apply? (a) * * * (13) Stationary internal combustion engines (See 40 CFR part 60, subparts IIII and JJJJ). 30. Section 85.2403 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(11) to read as follows: § 85.2403 What definitions apply to this subpart? (b) * * * (11) 40 CFR part 60, subparts IIII and JJJJ. 31. Section 85.2405 is amended by adding paragraph (f) to read as follows: § 85.2405 How much are the fees? (f) Fees for stationary SI internal combustion engine certificate requests shall be calculated in the same manner as for NR SI certificate. Fees for certificate requests where the certificate would apply to stationary and mobile engines shall be calculated in the same manner as fees for the certificate requests for the applicable mobile source engines. PART 90—[AMENDED] 32. The authority citation for part 90 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q. 33. Section 90.1 is amended by adding paragraph (h) to read as follows: § 90.1 Applicability. (h) This part applies as specified in 40 CFR part 60 subpart JJJJ, to spark-ignition engines subject to the standards of 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ. 34. Section 90.107 is amended by adding paragraph (d)(12) to read as follows: § 90.107 Application for certificate. (d) * * * (12) A statement indicating whether the engine family contains only nonroad engines, only stationary engines, or both. 35. Section 90.114 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(7) to read as follows: § 90.114 Requirement of certification—engine information label. (c) * * * (7) The statement “THIS ENGINE CONFORMS TO U.S. EPA REGULATIONS FOR [MODEL YEAR] ENGINES.”; 36. Section 90.201 is revised to read as follows: § 90.201 Applicability. The requirements of this subpart C are applicable to all Phase 2 spark-ignition engines subject to the provisions of subpart A of this part except as provided in § 90.103(a). These provisions are not applicable to any Phase 1 engines. Participation in the averaging, banking and trading program is voluntary, but if a manufacturer elects to participate, it must do so in compliance with the regulations set forth in this subpart. The provisions of this subpart are applicable for HC+NO X (NMHC+NO X ) emissions but not for CO emissions. To the extent specified in 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ, stationary engines certified under this part and subject to the standards of 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ, may participate in the averaging, banking, and trading program described in this subpart. PART 1048—[AMENDED] 37. The authority citation for part 1048 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q. 38. Section 1048.1 is amended by revising paragraph (c) to read as follows: § 1048.1 Does this part apply to me? (c) The definition of nonroad engine in 40 CFR 1068.30 excludes certain engines used in stationary applications. These engines may be required by 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ, to comply with some of the provisions of this part 1048; otherwise, these engines are only required to comply with the requirements in § 1048.20. In addition, the prohibitions in 40 CFR 1068.101 restrict the use of stationary engines for nonstationary purposes unless they are certified under this part 1048 to the same standards that would apply to nonroad engines for the same model year. 39. Section 1048.20 is amended by revising paragraph (a) introductory text and adding paragraph (c) to read as follows: § 1048.20 What requirements from this part apply to excluded stationary engines? (a) You must add a permanent label or tag to each new engine you produce or import that is excluded under § 1048.1(c) as a stationary engine and is not required by 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ, to meet the standards and other requirements of this part 1048 that are equivalent to the requirements applicable to nonroad SI engines for the same model year. To meet labeling requirements, you must do the following things: (c) Stationary engines required by 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ, to meet the requirements of this part 1048, or 40 CFR part 90, must meet the labeling requirements of 40 CFR 60.4242. 40. Section 1048.101 is amended by adding paragraph (a)(4) to read as follows: § 1048.101 What exhaust emission standards must my engines meet? (a) * * * (4) For constant-speed engines, the emission standards do not apply for transient testing if you do both of the following things: (i) Demonstrate that the specified transient duty-cycle is not representative of how your engines will operate in use. (ii) Demonstrate that the engine's emission controls will function properly to control emissions during transient operation in use. In most cases, you may do this by showing that you use the same controls as a similar variable-speed engine that is certified as complying with the emission standards during transient testing. 41. Section 1048.205 is amended by revising paragraph (w) to read as follows: § 1048.205 What must I include in my application? (w) State whether your certification is intended to include engines used in stationary applications. Also State whether your certification is limited for certain engines. If this is the case, describe how you will prevent use of these engines in applications for which they are not certified. This applies for engines such as the following: (1) Constant-speed engines. (2) Variable-speed engines. PART 1065—[AMENDED] 42. The authority citation for part 1065 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q. 43. Section 1065.1 is amended by adding paragraph (a)(6) to read as follows: § 1065.1 Applicability. (a) * * * (6) Stationary spark-ignition engines certified using the provisions of 40 CFR part 1048, as indicated under 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ, the standard-setting part for these engines. PART 1068—[AMENDED] 44. The authority citation for part 1068 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q. 45. Section 1068.1 is amended by adding paragraph (a)(5) to read as follows: § 1068.1 Does this part apply to me? (a) * * * (5) Stationary spark-ignition engines certified to the provisions of 40 CFR part 1048, as indicated under 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ. [FR Doc. 06-4919 Filed 6-9-06; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560-50-P --- Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/fr%3A06-4919. Public record. Not legal advice.