# State and Regional Export and Foreign Investment Data: A Statistical Overview

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URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/crs%3ARL31323

## Record

- **Collection:** Congressional research report
- **Document type:** CRS Report
- **Published:** March 19, 2002
- **Citation:** RL31323

## Text

Order Code RL31323

CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web

State and Regional Export and Foreign
Investment Data: A Statistical Overview

Updated March 19, 2002

Mary Jane Bolle
Specialist in International Trade
Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division

Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

State and Regional Export and Foreign Investment
Data: A Statistical Overview
Summary
This statistical overview is a collection of tables summarizing key international
trade data, by state. The tables show, for each state, the overall level of exports, the
relative importance of various trading partners, and the importance of foreign
investment. More specifically, the tables are divided into three categories, providing:
(1) data on export levels and export growth since 1993, ranked by state both within
the United States and within Census regions; (2) state export data to eight countries
and eight key international regions with which or for which the United States already
has or is considering trade agreements and preferential trade laws, and (3) data on
levels of foreign direct investment, both overall and for the manufacturing sector, by
state. These tables can be used as general background or as input into debates on
trade agreements and preferential trade laws from the perspective of the individual
state.
In the past 25 years, international trade has surged. Merchandise exports plus
imports have risen from roughly 10% of GDP in 1973 when exports and imports
were nearly equal, to about 20% of GDP in 2000, in which year imports constituted
61% of all goods traded. Since 1993, shortly before the North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect in 1994 and the Final Act of the 1986 -1994
Uruguay Round of trade negotiations, which created the World Trade Organization,
went into effect in 1995, imports have grown roughly 1.5 times as fast as exports.
The rising importance of imports and exports to the U.S. economy has led to
increased congressional focus on trade issues.
While data are readily available on exports by state, data are not available on
imports by state. This is because, for the most part, each state’s exports are tracked
from the air, sea, or land port of exit (typically in the same state in which they are
produced) to their destination countries, while imports are tracked from the
originating country only as far as the first port of entry into the United States.
Similarly, state data on foreign direct investment are available solely for foreign
investment in the United States. Data in this report reflect the current international
investment position in the United States.
State export data in this report include the following countries and trade areas
which are key trading partners, are covered by existing trade agreements, or are
covered by proposed or possible future trade agreements and preferential trade laws:
Canada, Mexico, (North American Free Trade Agreement – NAFTA– partners).
Japan, China, the European Union, Latin America (which would join with North
America to create the Free Trade Area of the Americas), Association of Southeast
Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, and Sub-Saharan African countries, plus Chile,
Israel, Jordan, and Singapore. This report will be updated annually, or as needed.

Contents
Impact of Trade and Investment on Economic Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Congressional Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Highlights of Data Presented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
A Note on the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

List of Figures
Figure 1. Quick Reference Guide: Where to Find Exports, by State, to the
Following Countries and Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

List of Tables
Table 1. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked by $ Value in 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 2. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Table 3. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked by Percent Change in Exports, 1993-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Table 4. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Exports as a Percent
of Gross State Product (GSP), in 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 5. State Merchandise Exports to the World
and Four Key Countries, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table 6. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Other Countries for
which Trade Agreements Exist or Are Being Negotiated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table 7. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
by Major World Region, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 8. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Three
Latin-America Sub-Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 9. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked Within Region by $ Value, 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 10. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked Within Region by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000 . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 11. Levels of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the United States, for All
Industries and for Manufacturing, and total FDI as a % of total Gross State
Product (GSP), by Region and State, 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

State and Regional Export and Foreign
Investment Data: A Statistical Overview
This statistical overview is a collection of tables summarizing some key
international trade data, by state. The tables show, for each state, the overall level of
exports, the relative importance of various trading partners, and the importance of
foreign investment in the economy of that state.
More specifically, the state data tables are divided into three categories,
providing: (1) data on total state export levels and export growth since 1993; (2) state
export data to eight key international regions and eight countries, and (3) data on
foreign direct investment overall, for the manufacturing sector, and as a percent of
gross state product, by state. These tables can be used as general background
materials, or as input into debates on trade legislation.

Impact of Trade and Investment on Economic
Activity
In the past 25 years,
international trade has surged.
Merchandise exports plus
imports have risen from
roughly 10% of GDP in 1973
when they were nearly equal, to
nearly 20% of GDP in 2000, a
year when imports accounted
for 61% of all trade.
In particular, since 1993,
just before the North American
Free Trade Agreem ent
(NAFTA) and the the Final
Act of the 1986 -1994 Uruguay
Round of trade negotiations,
which created the World Trade
Organization, went into effect,
imports have grown very fast –
about twice as fast as exports.
This rising importance of
imports and exports, with
implications for both individual

Figure 1. Quick Reference Guide:
Where to Find Exports, by State, to the
Following Countries and Regions
COUNTRIES
PAGE
Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Chile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Jordan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
TRADE REGIONS
NAFTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
European Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Latin America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Caribbean Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Central America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
South America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ASEAN Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

CRS-2
states and the U.S. economy, has led to increased congressional focus on trade
issues. 1
Exports offer a number of benefits for states. They are a source of pride because
they reflect a state’s interests in promoting jobs in manufacturing in the larger world
economy. Export industries tend to be those in which a state has a comparative
advantage, and can produce goods relatively more efficiently (i.e. have higher
productivity) than can its trading partners. Exports are also a source of jobs. In 2000,
each billion dollars worth of merchandise exports supported roughly 10,270 jobs.23
As a result of their higher productivity, export industries tend to support higher
wages than other manufacturing industries. Thus, state export industries contribute
to higher productivity and higher income for the economy as a whole.
Imports are often viewed as threats to producers in import-competing industries,
since competition from cheaper imports shrinks profit margins and reduces market
share. Imports often represent “sunset” industries and sub-industries – those for
which the technology has matured enough for production to be moved abroad and
carried out by less developed countries, where they provide a springboard for
economic growth. This leaves U.S. companies to focus their energies on emerging
and evolving industries. Imports offer a variety of benefits to consumers and to the
economy as a whole, including greater variety of products and quality, and lower
costs of imports. As a result, consumers are able to buy a larger quantity of all goods
including domestically produced goods. Imports have other benefits as well. They
can serve as inputs for domestic production, which may, in turn, be exported.
Alternatively, they may be finished products which incorporate U.S. exports.
Overall, imports, because they are typically less expensive than a country could
produce domestically, enable consumers to enjoy, in effect, a higher standard of
living.
Inward flows of foreign direct investment into states (which may appear in a
number of forms including manufacturing operations, retail stores, financial
institutions, and insurance businesses) are viewed by some as a threat to established
businesses and established ways of life. On the other hand, states often go to great
lengths to attract foreign direct investment, including competing against other states
for it. However, inflows of foreign direct investment also bring new companies, new
technologies, new management strategies, new work practices, and new jobs. In
some cases there is broad support for foreign direct investment. In other cases, there
is controversy. The total stock of foreign direct investment in the United States,

1

The White House. Economic Report of the President. February 2002, tables B-1 and B103.

2

U.S. Trade Representative estimates based on Department of Commerce data for preceding
years.

3

These figures are extrapolations from an input-output model developed by the University
of Maryland under contract with the Department of Commerce in the 1980s and 1990s. The
last year for which data were actually calculated by the model was 1994. Because these
extrapolations may not capture important changes in the U.S. economy since that time, they
should be used with caution.

CRS-3
which comes primarily from Europe and Canada, has grown from $124.7 billion in
1982 to $1.2 trillion in 2000.
Outward flows of U.S. investment abroad are also seen by some as social and/or
economic threats. Long established factories might close down and relocate abroad,
or U.S.-based multinational corporations might set up new operations in other
developed or developing countries. In deciding to choose whether to invest
domestically or abroad, and where, firms make choices based on a broad spectrum
of economic factors. The majority of U.S. direct investment abroad is concentrated
in advanced economies with cost structures similar to those in the United States, and
the share has been rising in recent years. Only 30% of U.S. direct investment abroad
is in developing countries. In part this is because, when businesses are simply packed
up and relocated, or when lower technology, labor-intensive operations are set up in
developing countries, the costs per business – the value of U.S. investment abroad
– are typically relatively low. Outflows of foreign direct investment often support
inter-industry trade by U.S. multinational corporations. Thus, goods produced in
U.S. factories abroad may find their way back to the United States either as
components for U.S. produced goods or as final products for U.S. consumption. U.S.
direct investment abroad for 2000 is equal to foreign direct investment in the United
States – $1.2 trillion.

Congressional Interest
Members of Congress often express interest in how their states are being
affected by international trade and investment flows. Inquiries may be driven by: (a)
legislative proposals for reauthorization of presidential “fast-track” negotiating
authority; (b) legislation implementing a new trade agreement or adopting other trade
liberalizing measures; or (c) oversight of an existing agreement. As input in the
legislative process, Members tend to be particularly interested in trade and
investment data, by state.
Ideally, the purpose of this report would be to track exports, imports, foreign
direct investment, and U.S. investment abroad, by state. Unfortunately, data are not
available on either imports by State or U.S. investment abroad by state. The Census
data track U.S. exports from their port of exit (typically a land, sea, or airport in the
same state in which the goods are produced) to the country of their final destination.
But Census data track imports from the originating country only as far as their port
of entry into the United States, and not to their final state destination. Similarly,
Census data track foreign investment inflows to their destination. However, they do
not track outflows of U.S. investment abroad from their source. As a result, this
report is able to include data only on exports and foreign direct investment in the
United States, and not data on imports and U.S. investment abroad. Thus, data in this
report show one-half of the full state trade picture.

CRS-4

Highlights of Data Presented
Tables 1-4 present data on state exports for 2000 ranked by total export value,
by absolute and percent change in exports, and by percent of gross state product that
is exported. Tables 9-10 repeat the first three tables, organizing them by Census
regions.
Tables 5-8 track state exports for 2000 to individual countries and regions.
Included in these tables are eight countries and eight regions which are key trading
partners, or with which the United States has or is currently negotiating free trade
agreements.
Table 11 includes data on foreign direct investment in the United States for
1999 (most recent data), by state within seven key Census regions: for all industries
and for manufacturing, and tracks total foreign direct investment as a percent of total
U.S. foreign direct investment, and as a percent of gross state product for each state.
Some of the major highlights for each table follow:
Table 1. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by $ Value in
2000. This table shows that eight states, California, Texas, New York, Michigan,
Washington, Illinois, Ohio, and new Jersey, account for 56% of total U.S. exports,
and that 21 states and one U.S. territory have negligible exports.
Table 2. State Merchandise Exports to the world, Ranked by $Change in
Exports, 1993-2000. This table shows that the states with the largest dollar growth
in exports between 1993 and 2000 tended to be the same states that were the largest
state exporters in table 1 (with a few differences.)
Table 3. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Percent
Change in Exports, 1993-2000. This table shows that export growth has been
diverse among the states. Some states that have logged the largest growth in exports
border or nearly border Canada (Montana, Idaho, North and South Dakota), or
Mexico (Alabama, Mississippi). Other states with large percentage export growth
started from relatively lower base levels (Nevada, Kentucky, South Carolina, and
New Hampshire. Other states expanded exports from an already large export base
(Michigan and New Jersey).
Table 4. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Exports as
a Percent of Gross State Product (GSP) in 1999. This table shows that five states
(Washington, Vermont, Delaware, Michigan, and Oregon) export 10% or more of
their total state output. It also shows that several other major industrial or high-tech
states (Texas, California, Minnesota, and Indiana) export 8% or more of their state
output.
Table 5. State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Key Countries,
2000. This table shows that a number of states export more than 40% of their total
exports to Canada: Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Montana, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, Vermont (with a high of 82%) although the U.S. total is 24%; but that
only three states send more than a third of their exports to Mexico (Michigan,

CRS-5
Mississippi, and Texas). Total U.S. exports to Mexico are 14% of all exports. To
Japan, Hawaii exports a greater proportion of its goods than any other state (54%),
with Alaska second. (The U.S. total is 8%). To China, Washington leads, with 5%
of its exports going there. (The U.S. total is 2%).
Table 6. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Other
Countries for which Trade Agreements Exist or are Being Negotiated. This table
shows that Florida is the largest exporter to Chile; New York and California are the
largest exporters to Israel; Pennsylvania is the largest exporter to Jordan; and
California and Texas are the largest exporters to Singapore.
Table 7. State Merchandise Exports to the World by Major World Region,
2000. This table tracks state exports to five key regions: NAFTA (37% of all U.S.
exports), the European Union (21%), Latin America excluding Mexico (8%),
ASEAN (10 Asian) countries (6%), and Sub-Saharan Africa (0.8%). For the United
States as a whole, these exports represent 72% of all U.S. exports.
Table 8. State Merchandise Exports to the World and Three LatinAmerica Sub-Regions. This table is a sub-table to the Latin America, column 3 of
table 7. It shows that Florida is the largest exporter to the Caribbean, to Central
America, and to South America. North Carolina is the second largest exporter to
Central America, and Texas is the second largest exporter to South America.
Table 9. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region
by $ Value in 2000. This table includes the same data as table 1, but the states are
ranked within Census regions. This table shows that the North Central region
accounts for roughly a quarter of all exports, and that it, the Pacific, Mid-Atlantic,
and South Central regions together account for 78% of all U.S. exports.
Table 10. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked Within Region
by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000. This table includes the same data as table 2,
but the states are ranked within Census regions. This table shows that two Census
regions accounted for nearly half the export growth between 1993 and 2000. One
is the North Central Region of 12 industrial and farming states. The other is the
Pacific region, which includes five states.
Table 11. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the United States for all
Industries and for Manufacturing, and total FDI as a % of Total Gross State
Product (GSP), by Region and State, 1999. This table shows that for the nation as
a whole the stock of foreign direct investment in the United States is equal to about
11% of total gross state product for 1999 (most recent year). New York and Alaska
have the highest level of FDI relative to their gross state product. California and
Texas have received the greatest total amounts of FDI, together commanding about
one-fifth of all FDI in the United States. Most regions, however (except for New
England and the Mountain region) are fairly equal in the percent of total FDI which
they have received from other countries. FDI in manufacturing accounts for nearly
half of all FDI..

CRS-6

A Note on the Data4
Data in the following tables are from the Exporter Location Series, provided to
the International Trade Administration by the U.S. Census Bureau. The published
data are based on initial data compiled from U.S. export declarations. This series
allocates exports according to the physical location of exporters. It typically allocates
exports to locations from which the goods were sold. Locations from which firms
sell their products do not always coincide with the locations where export goods are
produced. Alaska is perhaps the best example of how export production and sales
can diverge. Possibly more than two-thirds of Alaska’s export production is typically
sold by wholesalers or other intermediary exporters that are located outside the state;
thus only about one third of Alaska’s export value is represented by the data on the
tables that follow. Moreover, the divergence between production and sales locations
means that the statistics will sometimes show substantial exports of manufactured
products from states or localities where manufacturing plants are virtually
nonexistent.

4

Information for this section was taken from U.S. Department of Commerce, International
Trade Administration’s Appendix: Guide to State and Sub-State Export Data.
[http://www.ita.doc.gov/td/industry/otea/state/technote.html].

CRS-7

Table 1. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked by $ Value in 2000
Value of
Exports
(In
$millions)

% of
Total
U.S.
Exports

Value of
Exports
(In
$millions)

% of
Total
U.S.
Exports

Rank

State

17

29

Kansas

5,050

1

68,746

9

30

Maryland

4,997

1

New York

53,007

7

31

D. of Col.

4,728

1

4

Michigan

51,615

7

32

Louisiana

3,860

a

5

Washington

33,355

4

33

Iowa

3,262

a

6

Illinois

32,249

4

34

Oklahoma

3,257

a

7

Ohio

29,125

4

35

Nebraska

3,141

a

8

New Jersey

28,778

4

36

Idaho

2,797

a

9

Florida

24,213

3

37

Utah

2,713

a

10

Pennsylvania

23,968

3

38

Vermont

2,660

a

11

Mass.

19,747

3

39

N. Hamp.

2,475

a

12

Minnesota

17,538

2

40

Arkansas

2,068

a

13

N. Car.

14,975

2

41

Mississippi

1,776

a

14

Indiana

14,813

2

42

Nevada

1,754

a

15

Connecticut

13,180

2

43

Maine

1,665

a

16

Colorado

12,265

2

44

W. Virginia

1,472

a

17

Georgia

11,772

2

45

R. Island

1,169

a

18

Tennessee

11,414

1

46

Alaska

985

a

19

Wisconsin

10,858

1

47

N. Dakota

711

a

20

Virginia

10,547

1

48

N. Mex.

645

a

21

Arizona

9,997

1

49

Montana

551

a

22

Oregon

9,434

1

50

S. Dakota

497

a

23

Kentucky

8,758

1

51

Hawaii

369

a

24

Missouri

7,931

1

52

Virgin Is.

212

a

25

S. Carolina

7,818

1

53

Wyoming

142

a

26

Puerto Rico

7,724

1

Unallocated

52,183

7

27

Delaware

5,888

1

28

Alabama

5,624

1

TOTAL

780,417

100

Rank

State

1

California

129,939

2

Texas

3

Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade
Administration. Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau.
a: value less than 1%.
Unallocated: unidentified by state.

CRS-8

Table 2. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000

Rank

State

1

California

2

Change in Exports
1993-2000,
in $ millions

Change in Exports
1993-2000,
in $ millions

Rank

State

61,872

29

Maryland

2,283

Texas

33,124

30

Kansas

1,941

3

Michigan

26,293

31

Idaho

1,561

4

New Jersey

14,238

32

Nebraska

1,400

5

New York

12,305

33

New Hampshire

1,340

6

Illinois

11,902

34

Iowa

1,307

7

Ohio

11,473

35

Nevada

1,250

8

Pennsylvania

10,778

36

Mississippi

972

9

Florida

9,517

37

Arkansas

958

10

Massachusetts

8,153

38

Oklahoma

922

11

Minnesota

7,564

39

West Virginia

718

12

North Carolina

6,998

40

Utah

668

13

Indiana

6,367

41

Louisiana

639

14

Colorado

6,050

42

Maine

600

15

Washington

5,957

43

Vermont

384

16

Georgia

5,722

44

North Dakota

368

17

Kentucky

5,433

45

Montana

307

18

Tennessee

5,263

46

South Dakota

284

19

Wisconsin

5,048

47

New Mexico

245

20

South Carolina

4,598

48

Rhode Island

231

21

Arizona

4,212

49

Alaska

167

22

Puerto Rico

3,358

50

Hawaii

152

23

Oregon

3,229

51

Wyoming

53

24

Missouri

3,197

52

Virgin Islands

50

25

Alabama

3,120

53

Dist. of Col.

26

26

Connecticut

2,979

Unallocated

13,118

27

Delaware

2,433

28

Virginia

2,429

TOTAL

315,556

Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade
Administration. Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau.
Unallocated: unidentified by state.

CRS-9

Table 3. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked by Percent Change in Exports, 1993-2000

Rank

State

1

Nevada

2

% Change in
Exports 19932000

% Change in
Exports 19932000

Rank

State

248

28

Arizona

73

Kentucky

163

29

Delaware

70

3

South Carolina

143

30

Massachusetts

70

4

South Dakota

133

31

Hawaii

70

5

Montana

126

32

Missouri

68

6

Idaho

126

33

Iowa

67

7

Alabama

125

34

Ohio

65

8

Mississippi

121

35

Florida

65

9

New Hampshire

118

36

Kansas

62

10

North Dakota

107

37

New Mexico

61

11

Michigan

104

38

Wyoming

60

12

New Jersey

98

39

Illinois

59

13

Colorado

97

40

Maine

56

14

West Virginia

95

41

Oregon

52

15

Georgia

95

42

Oklahoma

40

16

Texas

93

43

Utah

33

17

California

91

44

Virgin Islands

31

18

North Carolina

88

45

New York

30

19

Wisconsin

87

46

Virginia

30

20

Arkansas

86

47

Connecticut

29

21

Tennessee

86

48

Rhode Island

25

22

Maryland

84

49

Washington

22

23

Pennsylvania

82

50

Alaska

21

24

Nebraska

80

51

Louisiana

20

25

Puerto Rico

77

52

Vermont

17

26

Minnesota

76

53

Dist. of Columbia

0.6

27

Indiana

75

Unallocated

34

28

Arizona

73

AVERAGE

68

Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade
Administration. Exporter location series, Census Bureau.
Unallocated: unidentified by state.

CRS-10

Table 4. State Merchandise Exports to the World, Ranked by Exports as a
Percent of Gross State Product (GSP), in 1999
Exports
as %
of
GSP GSP

1999 in $millions

Exports
as %
of
GSP GSP

1999 in $millions

State

Exports

1

Washington

36,826

209,258

18%

27 North Carolina

13,571

258,592

5%

2

Vermont

2,827

17,164

16%

28 Maine

1,785

34,064

5%

3

Delaware

4,857

34,669

14%

29 Pennsylvania

19,528

382,980

5%

4

Michigan

41,490

308,310

13%

30 Florida

22,544

442,895

5%

5

Oregon

11,164

109,694

10%

31 New Jersey

2,159

44,229

5%

6

Texas

61,706

687,272

9%

32 Utah

2,789

62,641

4%

7

California

102,864

1,229,098

8%

33 Virginia

10,722

242,221

4%

8

Minnesota

14,401

172,982

8%

34 Missouri

7,431

170,470

4%

9

Indiana

14,584

182,202

8%

35 Alabama

4,899

115,071

4%

10 Dist. of Col.

4,344

55,832

8%

36 Georgia

11,061

275,719

4%

11 Connecticut

11,335

151,779

7%

37 North Dakota

635

16,991

4%

12 Ohio

26,562

361,981

7%

38 Nebraska

1,991

53,744

4%

13 Colorado

11,171

153,728

7%

39 Alaska

950

26,353

4%

14 Kentucky

8,016

113,539

7%

40 Iowa

2,985

85,243

4%

15 Arizona

10,123

143,683

7%

41 Rhode Island

1,105

32,546

3%

16 Illinois

30,857

445,666

7%

42 Louisiana

3,947

128,959

3%

17 Massachusetts

17,106

262,564

7%

43 Arkansas

1,829

64,773

3%

18 New Mexico

21,008

331,544

6%

44 Oklahoma

2,405

86,382

3%

19 Idaho

2,117

34,025

6%

45 Maryland

4,068

174,710

2%

20 South Carolina

6,476

106,917

6%

46 Mississippi

1,454

64,286

2%

21 Kansas

4,856

80,843

6%

47 West Virginia

897

40,685

2%

22 New York

2,965

51,026

6%

48 Montana

404

20,636

2%

23 New Hampshire

43,297

754,590

6%

49 Nevada

1,083

69,864

2%

24 Wisconsin

9,546

166,481

6%

50 Wyoming

156

17,448

1%

25 Tennessee

9,343

170,085

5%

51 Hawaii

244

40,914

1%

TOTAL

630,483

9,287,348

7%

State

Exports

Source: Export data: Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International Trade Administration, Department of
Commerce; gross domestic product data: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.

CRS-11

Table 5. State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Key Countries, 2000
Merchandise Exports to Four Key Countries, in $ millions
Canada

Mexico

Japan

Exports
($mil)

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

Ala.

5,624

1,581

28%

756

13%

284

5%

26

0%

2,647

47%

Alaska

985

284

29%

7

1%

332

34%

3

0%

626

64%

Ariz.

9,997

1,533

15%

2,130

21%

397

4%

98

1%

4,158

42%

Ark.

2,068

789

38%

349

17%

91

4%

15

1%

1,244

60%

Calif.

129,939

15,162

12%

14,404

11%

17,976

14%

3,620

3%

51,162

39%

Colo.

12,265

1,095

9%

1,389

11%

1,464

12%

214

2%

4,162

34%

Conn.

13,180

2,008

15%

1,112

8%

861

7%

453

3%

4,434

34%

Del.

5,888

989

17%

411

7%

477

8%

154

3%

2,031

34%

D. of C.

4,728

128

3%

32

1%

552

12%

8

0%

720

15%

Florida

24,213

2,493

10%

1,954

8%

1,401

6%

529

2%

6,377

26%

Georgia

11,772

2,480

21%

2,418

21%

728

6%

210

2%

5,836

50%

Hawaii

369

27

7%

2

1%

201

54%

2

1%

232

63%

Idaho

2,797

402

14%

127

5%

377

13%

61

2%

967

35%

Illinois

32,249

8,521

26%

3,385

10%

1,984

6%

1,025

3%

14,915

46%

Indiana

14,813

6,557

44%

2,501

17%

753

5%

149

1%

9,960

67%

Iowa

3,262

1,497

46%

201

6%

151

5%

45

1%

1,894

58%

Kansas

5,050

922

18%

703

14%

1,082

21%

113

2%

2,820

56%

Ky.

8,758

3,332

38%

817

9%

1,362

16%

38

0%

5,549

63%

La.

3,860

780

20%

306

8%

697

18%

121

3%

1,904

49%

Maine

1,665

711

43%

44

3%

82

5%

22

1%

859

52%

Md.

4,997

829

17%

526

11%

268

5%

161

3%

1,784

36%

Mass.

19,747

3,610

18%

1,144

6%

2,075

11%

303

2%

7,132

36%

Mich.

51,615

22,046

43%

16,491

32%

1,393

3%

322

1%

40,252

78%

Minn.

17,539

3,774

22%

1,291

7%

1,381

8%

570

3%

7,016

40%

Miss.

1,776

496

28%

578

33%

30

2%

30

2%

1,134

64%

Mo.

7,931

1,718

22%

1,312

17%

290

4%

194

2%

3,514

44%

Mont.

551

247

45%

78

14%

36

7%

10

2%

371

67%

Neb.

3,141

525

17%

198

6%

1,002

32%

38

1%

1,763

56%

STATE

WORLD

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

Total, four
countries

China

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all Exports

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

CRS-12
Merchandise Exports to Four Key Countries, in $ millions
Canada

Mexico

Japan

Total, four
countries

China

Exports
($mil)

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

Nev.

1,754

543

31%

110

6%

115

7%

7

0%

775

44%

N. H.

2,475

789

32%

101

4%

118

5%

32

1%

1,040

42%

N.Jsy.

28,778

4,421

15%

2,148

7%

2,461

9%

885

3%

9,915

34%

N.Mex.

645

138

21%

190

29%

46

7%

17

3%

391

61%

N. York

53,007

10,419

20%

3,282

6%

5,538

10%

923

2%

20,162

38%

N.Car.

14,975

4,590

31%

2,129

14%

580

4%

205

1%

7,504

50%

N. Dak.

711

332

47%

15

2%

15

2%

4

1%

366

51%

Ohio

29,125

12,623

43%

5,755

20%

1,365

5%

417

1%

20,160

69%

Okla.

3,257

776

24%

491

15%

78

2%

56

2%

1,401

43%

Ore.

9,434

1,697

18%

563

6%

1,731

18%

224

2%

4,215

45%

Penn.

23,968

7,141

30%

2,810

12%

1,280

5%

387

2%

11,618

48%

R.I.

1,169

373

32%

93

8%

62

5%

22

2%

550

47%

S.Carol.

7,818

2,230

29%

1,964

25%

400

5%

61

1%

4,655

60%

S.Dak.

497

307

62%

65

13%

21

4%

5

1%

398

80%

Tenn.

11,414

3,330

29%

1,676

15%

631

6%

158

1%

5,795

51%

Tex.

68,746

10,461

15%

24,623

36%

2,938

4%

1,124

2%

39,146

57%

Utah

2,713

586

22%

114

4%

331

12%

43

2%

1,074

40%

Vt.

2,660

2,202

83%

25

1%

36

1%

14

1%

2,277

86%

Va.

10,547

2,069

20%

845

8%

1,816

17%

114

1%

4,844

46%

Wash.

33,355

2,527

8%

590

2%

4,735

14%

1,885

6%

9,737

29%

W.Va.

1,472

503

34%

251

17%

94

6%

28

2%

876

60%

Wis.

10,858

3,863

36%

1,058

10%

647

6%

202

2%

5,770

53%

Wyo.

142

91

64%

10

7%

2

1%

0

0%

103

73%

P.R.

7,724

1,087

14%

267

3%

507

7%

34

0%

1,895

25%

V.I.

212

7

3%

7

3%

0

0%

11

5%

25

12%

52,183

18,790

36%

7,874

15%

1,982

4%

861

2%

29,507

57%

STATE

Unalloc

WORLD

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all Exports

Expts.
($mil)

% of
all
Exports

TOT’L
780,418
183,487
24%
111,722
14%
65,256
8%
16,253
2%
376,719
48%
Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration. Exporter
location series, Census Bureau. Unallocated: unidentified by state.

CRS-13

Table 6. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Four Other
Countries for which Trade Agreements Exist or Are Being Negotiated

STATE

Exports to
WORLD

State Exports to Four Countries (In $Millions)
Chile

Israel

Jordan

Singapore

780,419

3,445

7,750

313

17,816

Alabama

5,624

10

21

2

26

Alaska

985

a

a

a

3

Arizona

9,997

23

91

1

420

Arkansas

2,068

4

5

a

11

California

129,939

365

1,278

30

5,302

Colorado

12,265

26

54

a

482

Connecticut

13,180

64

206

7

280

Delaware

5,888

31

27

2

156

D. of Columbia

4,728

7

4

58

26

Florida

24,213

505

270

9

180

Georgia

11,772

60

78

2

207

Hawaii

369

7

1

a

10

Idaho

2,797

2

44

a

364

Illinois

32,249

313

277

11

714

Indiana

14,813

26

67

3

146

Iowa

3,262

13

15

1

38

Kansas

5,050

13

14

a

46

Kentucky

8,758

19

27

10

41

Louisiana

3,860

10

25

2

44

Maine

1,665

2

49

a

36

Maryland

4,997

17

35

1

52

Massachusetts

19,747

45

268

2

627

Michigan

51,615

108

128

4

223

Minnesota

17,538

67

143

19

595

Mississippi

1,776

8

4

a

13

Missouri

7,931

22

89

2

751

Montana

551

1

2

0

19

Nebraska

3,141

2

30

3

29

Nevada

1,754

8

41

a

21

New Hampshire

2,475

4

35

a

57

New Jersey

28,778

148

867

10

792

New Mexico

645

1

47

1

3

New York

53,007

150

1,946

24

895

U.S. TOTAL

CRS-14
State Exports to Four Countries (In $Millions)
Exports to
WORLD

Chile

Israel

Jordan

Singapore

North Carolina

14,975

103

63

8

188

North Dakota

711

a

1

a

1

Ohio

29,125

78

108

10

362

Oklahoma

3,257

33

6

1

66

Oregon

9,434

37

59

1

294

Pennsylvania

23,968

96

158

26

503

Rhode Island

1,169

2

7

a

43

South Carolina

7,818

24

19

1

49

South Dakota

497

a

2

a

9

Tennessee

11,414

49

36

6

188

Texas

68,746

340

259

8

1,738

Utah

2,713

13

8

1

56

Vermont

2,660

1

3

1

13

Virginia

10,547

30

147

8

170

Washington

33,355

179

131

5

576

West Virginia

1,472

2

4

a

14

Wisconsin

10,858

134

64

4

121

Wyoming

142

a

a

0

1

Puerto Rico

7,724

8

43

a

58

Virgin Islands

212

a

a

0

a

Unallocated

52,183

245

446

29

754

US TOTAL

780,417

3,455

7,750

313

17,816

STATE

Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration.
Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau.
a: value less than $1million.
Unallocated: unidentified by state.

CRS-15

Table 7. State Merchandise Exports to the World, by Major World Region, 2000
State Merchandise Exports to Five Regions (In $Millions)

NAFTA 1

ST.

Total
Exports
to World
($mil)

Al.

Europ. Union 2

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

5,624

2,337

Ak.

985

Az.

Latin America
excluding
Mexico 3

Asia
(ASEAN) 4

Africa (SubSaharan) 5

Total for five
regions

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

42%

1,742

31%

519

9%

106

2%

39

0.7%

4,743

84%

291

30%

211

21%

4

0%

4

0%

1

0.1%

511

52%

9,997

3,663

37%

1,786

18%

462

5%

1,596

16%

48

0.5%

7,555

76%

Ark.

2,068

1,138

55%

376

18%

98

5%

53

3%

7

0.3%

1,672

81%

Cal.

129,939

29,566

23%

28,492

22%

4,697

4%

13,977

11%

568

0.4%

77,300

59%

Col.

12,265

2,483

20%

3,733

30%

453

4%

1,215

10%

23

0.2%

7,907

64%

Cn.

13,180

3,120

24%

3,968

30%

1,034

8%

693

5%

113

0.9%

8,928

68%

Del.

5,888

1,401

24%

2,013

34%

599

10%

345

6%

50

0.8%

4,408

75%

DC

4,728

159

3%

1,449

31%

148

3%

135

3%

86

1.8%

1,977

42%

Fla.

24,213

4,448

18%

3,389

14%

11,368

47%

664

3%

141

0.6%

20,010

83%

Ga.

11,772

4,898

42%

2,412

20%

1,371

12%

482

4%

97

0.8%

9,260

79%

Hi.

369

29

8%

24

7%

8

2%

16

4%

1

0.3%

78

21%

Id.

2,797

529

19%

776

28%

31

1%

561

20%

8

0.3%

1,905

68%

Ill.

32,249

11,907

37%

7,894

24%

2,714

8%

1,512

5%

346

1.1%

24,373

76%

Ind.

14,813

9,059

61%

2,494

17%

1,051

7%

290

2%

57

0.4%

12,951

87%

Ia.

3,262

1,698

52%

727

22%

168

5%

100

3%

20

0.6%

2,713

83%

Ks.

5,050

1,625

32%

731

14%

488

10%

168

3%

88

1.7%

3,100

61%

Ky.

8,758

4,148

47%

1,142

13%

840

10%

245

3%

33

0.4%

6,408

73%

La.

3,860

1,086

28%

516

13%

380

10%

307

8%

86

2.2%

2,375

62%

Me.

1,665

755

45%

289

17%

75

5%

197

12%

5

0.3%

1,321

79%

Md.

4,997

1,355

27%

1,529

31%

267

5%

179

4%

95

1.9%

3,425

69%

Ma.

19,747

4,753

24%

7,048

36%

687

3%

1,410

7%

107

0.5%

14,005

71%

Mi..

51,615

38,537

75%

5,448

11%

1,806

3%

793

2%

145

0.3%

46,729

91%

Mn.

17,539

5,064

29%

4,836

28%

773

4%

1,731

10%

133

0.8%

12,537

71%

Ms.

1,776

1,074

60%

268

15%

182

10%

27

2%

6

0.3%

1,557

88%

Mo.

7,931

3,029

38%

1,378

17%

890

11%

1,035

13%

78

1.0%

6,410

81%

Mt.

551

324

59%

97

18%

4

1%

23

4%

1

0.2%

449

81%

Neb.

3,141

722

23%

419

13%

135

4%

171

5%

13

0.4%

1,460

46%

Nv.

1,754

653

37%

274

16%

55

3%

45

3%

34

1.9%

1,061

60%

NH

2,475

890

36%

777

31%

168

7%

125

5%

7

0.3%

1,967

79%

CRS-16
State Merchandise Exports to Five Regions (In $Millions)

NAFTA 1

ST.

Total
Exports
to World
($mil)

NJ

Europ. Union 2

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

28,778

6,569

NM

645

NY

Latin America
excluding
Mexico 3

Asia
(ASEAN) 4

Africa (SubSaharan) 5

Total for five
regions

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all exports

Exports
($mil)

% of
all
exports

23%

8,716

30%

2,341

8%

1,753

6%

310

1.1%

19,689

68%

328

51%

114

18%

28

4%

21

3%

2

0.3%

493

76%

53,007

13,701

26%

14,155

27%

3,270

6%

2,025

4%

432

0.8%

33,583

63%

NC

14,975

6,719

45%

2,986

20%

2,200

15%

457

3%

100

0.7%

12,462

83%

ND

711

348

49%

288

41%

13

2%

8

1%

1

0.1%

658

93%

Oh.

29,125

18,378

63%

4,089

14%

1,050

4%

804

3%

125

0.4%

24,446

84%

Ok.

3,257

1,267

39%

731

22%

504

15%

133

4%

36

1.1%

2,671

82%

Ore

9,434

2,259

24%

1,559

17%

428

5%

918

10%

59

0.6%

5,223

55%

Pa.

23,968

9,951

42%

5,324

22%

1,708

7%

1,221

5%

178

0.7%

18,382

77%

R.I.

1,169

466

40%

309

26%

62

5%

83

7%

15

1.3%

935

80%

SC

7,818

4,195

54%

1,812

23%

528

7%

215

3%

25

0.3%

6,775

87%

SD

497

372

75%

48

10%

9

2%

21

4%

1

0.2%

451

91%

Tn.

11,414

5,006

44%

2,704

24%

883

8%

482

4%

100

0.9%

9,175

80%

Tx.

68,746

35,084

51%

7,233

11%

6,081

9%

6,165

9%

793

1.2%

55,356

81%

Ut.

2,713

700

26%

788

29%

146

5%

223

8%

15

0.6%

1,872

69%

Vt.

2,660

2,227

84%

182

7%

31

1%

26

1%

9

0.3%

2,475

93%

Va.

10,547

2,914

28%

2,302

22%

598

6%

413

4%

104

1.0%

6,331

60%

Wa.

33,355

3,117

9%

11,905

36%

940

3%

1,589

5%

556

1.7%

18,107

54%

WV

1,472

754

51%

352

24%

73

5%

38

3%

9

0.6%

1,226

83%

Wis.

10,858

4,921

45%

2,546

23%

748

7%

303

3%

71

0.7%

8,589

79%

Wy.

142

101

71%

18

13%

7

5%

2

1%

0

0.1%

128

90%

PR

7,724

1,354

18%

3,888

50%

1,052

14%

124

2%

26

0.3%

6,444

83%

VI

212

14

7%

42

20%

128

60%

0

0%

2

0.9%

186

88%

Un.

52,183

26,664

51%

6,493

12%

4,391

8%

2,144

4%

521

1.0%

40,213

77%

780,418
288,150
U.S.
See footnotes after table 9.

37%

164,822

21%

58,694

8%

47,373

6%

5,926

0.8%

564,965

72%

CRS-17

Table 8. 2000 State Merchandise Exports to the World and Three
Latin-America Sub-Regions
State Merchandise Exports to Three Latin-America
Sub-Regions (in $millions)

STATE

Total Exports to
WORLD

Caribbean

Central America

South America

Alabama

5,624

96

249

174

Alaska

985

a

2

2

Arizona

9,997

13

27

422

Arkansas

2,068

36

21

41

California

129,939

474

848

3,375

Colorado

12,265

18

10

425

Connecticut

13,180

225

241

568

Delaware

5,888

12

28

559

Dist. of Col.

4,728

15

30

103

Florida

24,213

3,240

2,050

6,077

Georgia

11,772

313

339

720

Hawaii

369

1

a

7

Idaho

2,797

6

5

20

Illinois

32,249

324

311

2,079

Indiana

14,813

35

69

947

Iowa

3,262

13

16

139

Kansas

5,050

96

72

320

Kentucky

8,758

129

498

213

Louisiana

3,860

156

51

173

Maine

1,665

24

2

49

Maryland

4,997

32

26

209

Massachusetts

19,747

91

59

537

Michigan

51,615

81

103

1,622

Minnesota

17,538

143

147

483

Mississippi

1,776

63

67

52

Missouri

7,931

223

94

573

Montana

551

1

a

3

Nebraska

3,141

21

49

65

Nevada

1,754

7

5

43

NewHampshire

2,475

51

4

113

New Jersey

28,778

327

370

1,643

New Mexico

645

6

2

20

New York

53,007

608

500

2,162

CRS-18

STATE

Total Exports to
WORLD

State Merchandise Exports to Three Latin-America
Sub-Regions (in $millions)
Caribbean

Central America

South America

North Carolina

14,975

443

1,049

708

North Dakota

711

1

2

10

Ohio

29,125

126

137

787

Oklahoma

3,257

21

67

416

Oregon

9,434

14

24

390

Pennsylvania

23,968

237

311

1,160

Rhode Island

1,169

8

17

37

South Carolina

7,818

83

210

235

South Dakota

497

2

2

5

Tennessee

11,414

162

206

515

Texas

68,746

878

934

4,269

Utah

2,713

19

19

108

Vermont

2,660

5

12

14

Virginia

10,547

52

80

466

Washington

33,355

345

206

389

West Virginia

1,472

3

2

68

Wisconsin

10,858

74

95

579

Wyoming

142

a

1

7

Puerto Rico

7,724

716

142

194

Virgin Islands

212

84

9

35

Unallocated

52,183

1,174

861

2,356

US TOTAL

780,417

11,329

10,678

36,686

See table footnotes on next page.

CRS-19
Footnotes to tables 8 and 9:
1 NAFTA partners are Canada and Mexico.
2 The European Union consists of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Ireland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
3 Latin America consists of the Caribbean, Central America, and South America.
Caribbean Countries: Anguilla, Antigua, Barbuda, Aruba, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands,
Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Netherlands
Antilles, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Turks
and Caicos Islands.
Central American Countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.
South American Countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and
Venezuela.
4 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) consists of Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,
Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
5 Sub-Saharan Africa consists of Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo (Brazzaville), Congo (Kinshasa), Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, South Africa, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Source of data: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Trade and Economic Analysis, International trade Administration.
Exporter Location Series, Census Bureau.
a: value less than $1 million.
na: data not available or not applicable.
Un. or Unallocated: unidentified by state.

CRS-20

Table 9. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked Within Region by $ Value, 2000
State
Northeast
1
Massachusetts

Value in
$Millions

State

19,747

South Central

Value in
$Millions

2

Connecticut

13,180

1

Texas

68,746

3

Vermont

2,660

2

Tennessee

11,414

4

New Hampshire

2,475

3

Kentucky

8,758

5

Maine

1,665

4

Alabama

5,624

6

Rhode Island

1,169

5

Louisiana

3,860

Sub-Total

40,896

6

Oklahoma

3,257

7

Arkansas

2,068

Mid-Atlantic
1
New York

53,007

2

28,778

3

New Jersey

8

Pennsylvania

23,968

Sub-Total

105,753

Mississippi

1,776

Sub-Total

105,503

Mountain
1
Colorado

12,265

2

Arizona

9,997

3

Idaho

2,797

South Atlantic
1
Florida

24,213

4

Utah

2,713

2

North Carolina

14,975

5

Nevada

1,754

3

Georgia

11,772

6

New Mexico

4

Virginia

10,547

7

Montana

551

5

South Carolina

7,818

9

Wyoming

142

6

Delaware

5,888

Sub-Total

30,864

7

Maryland

4,997

8

Dist. of Col.

4,728

9

West Virginia

1,472

Pacific
1
California

129,939

Sub-Total

86,410

2

Washington

33,355

3

Oregon

9,434

4

Alaska

985

North Central
1
Michigan

51,615

2

Illinois

32,249

3

Ohio

29,125

4

Minnesota

17,538

5

Indiana

14,813

6

Wisconsin

10,858

7

Missouri

7,931

8

Kansas

5,050

9

Iowa

3,262

10

Nebraska

3,141

11

North Dakota

711

12

South Dakota

497

Sub-Total

5

Hawaii

645

369

Sub-Total

174,082

US TOTAL

720,298

176,790

Source of data: For census regions: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census;
for data: Office of Trade and Economic Analysis International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce.
Note: This table omits data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, and Unallocated data included in table 1.

CRS-21

Table 10. State Merchandise Exports to the World,
Ranked Within Region by $ Change in Exports, 1993-2000

Region/State

$ Export
Change
(in Millions)

Region/State
South Central
1
Texas

$ Export
Change
(in Millions)
33,124

New England
1
Massachusetts

8,153

2

Kentucky

5,433

2

Connecticut

2,979

3

Tennessee

5,263

3

New Hampshire

1,340

4

Alabama

3,120

4

Maine

600

5

Mississippi

972

5

Vermont

384

6

Arkansas

958

6

Rhode Island

231

7

Oklahoma

922

Sub-Total

13,687

8

Louisiana

639

Sub-Total

50,431

Mid-Atlantic
1
New Jersey

14,238

2

New York

3

Pennsylvania
Sub-Total

12,305

Mountain
1
Colorado

6,050

10,778

2

Arizona

4,212

37,321

3

Idaho

1,561

4

Nevada

1,250

5

Utah

668

Montana
New Mexico

307
245

Wyoming

53

Sub-Total

14,346

Pacific
1
California

61,872

Washington

5,957

South Atlantic
1
Florida

9,517

2

North Carolina

6,998

6
7

3

Georgia

5,722

8

4

South Carolina

4,598

5

Delaware

2,433

6

Virginia

2,429

7

Maryland

2,283

8

West Virginia

718

2

9

Dist. of Col.

26

3

Oregon

3,229

34,724

4
5

Alaska
Hawaii

167
152

Sub-Total

71,377

U.S. TOTAL

299,030

Sub-Total
North Central
1
Michigan

26,293

2

Illinois

11,902

3

Ohio

11,473

4
5

Minnesota
Indiana

7,564
6,367

6

Wisconsin

5,048

7

Missouri

3,197

8

Kansas

1,941

9

Nebraska

1,400

10

Iowa

1,307

11

North Dakota

368

12

South Dakota

284

Sub-Total

77,144

Source of data: For census regions: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census;
for data: Office of Trade and Economic Analysis International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce.
Note: This table omits data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, and Unallocated data included in table 2.

CRS-22

Table 11. Levels of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the United States, for
All Industries and for Manufacturing, and total FDI as a % of total Gross
State Product (GSP), by Region and State, 1999
All Industries

State/Region

FDI for all
industries
$ (mil.)*

State/Regional
FDI as % of
Total FDI

Manufacturing
FDI in
FDI in
manufacmanufacturturing
ing as % of
$ (mil.)
total FDI

FDI and GSP

1999 GSP
$ (mil.)

Total FDI
as % of GSP

New England
Massachusetts

17,781

2%

6,835

38%

262,564

7%

Connecticut

11,381

1%

5,566

49%

151,779

7%

Maine

4,386

0%

2,736

62%

34,064

13%

New Hampshire

2,976

0%

1,801

61%

754,590

0%

Rhode Island

2,502

0%

1,201

48%

32,546

8%

Vermont

1,253

0%

758

60%

17,164

7%

Sub-Total

40,279

4%

18,897

47%

1,252,707

3%

Mid-Atlantic
New York

63,105

6%

12,749

20%

51,026

124%

New Jersey

35,378

3%

16,704

47%

44,229

80%

Pennsylvania

34,060

3%

18,160

53%

382,980

9%

Sub-Total

132,543

12%

47,613

36%

478,235

28%

South Atlantic
Florida

36,632

3%

9,739

27%

442,895

8%

North Carolina

28,658

3%

17,695

62%

258,592

11%

Georgia

27,548

3%

14,473

53%

275,719

10%

Virginia

21,601

2%

10,004

46%

242,221

9%

South Carolina

21,494

2%

15,498

72%

106,917

20%

Kentucky

20,785

2%

9,527

46%

113,539

18%

Maryland

11,436

1%

4,050

35%

174,710

7%

West Virginia

7,317

1%

3,959

54%

40,685

18%

Delaware

5,280

0%

3,348

63%

34,669

15%

Dist. of Col.

3,807

0%

348

9%

55,832

7%

Sub-Total

184,558

17%

88,641

48%

1,745,779

11%

North Central
Illinois

45,300

4%

24,630

54%

445,666

10%

Michigan

41,981

4%

31,966

76%

308,310

14%

Ohio

38,759

4%

27,470

71%

361,981

11%

Indiana

29,372

3%

24,692

84%

182,202

16%

Missouri

15,217

1%

8,802

58%

170,470

9%

Minnesota

11,396

1%

3,799

33%

172,982

7%

Wisconsin

11,013

1%

7,641

69%

166,481

7%

Iowa

7,447

1%

5,160

69%

85,243

9%

Kansas

7,069

1%

2,825

40%

80,843

9%

Nebraska

2,660

0%

1,317

50%

53,744

5%

North Dakota

1,799

0%

568

32%

16,991

11%

South Dakota

932

0%

361

39%

21,631

4%

212,945

16%

139,231

68%

2,066,544

8%

Sub-Total

CRS-23
All Industries

Manufacturing
FDI in
FDI in
manufacmanufacturturing
ing as % of
$ (mil.)
total FDI

FDI and GSP

State/Region

FDI for all
industries
$ (mil.)*

State/Regional
FDI as % of
Total FDI

South Central
Texas

96,550

9%

61,343

64%

687,272

14%

Louisiana

31,934

3%

21,507

67%

128,959

25%

Tennessee

19,638

2%

12,193

62%

170,085

12%

Alabama

16,775

2%

11,798

70%

115,071

15%

Oklahoma

6,825

1%

3,574

52%

86,382

8%

1999 GSP
$ (mil.)

Total FDI
as % of GSP

Mississippi

5,172

0%

1,957

38%

64,286

8%

Arkansas

4,437

0%

3,526

79%

64,773

7%

181,331

17%

115,898

64%

1,316,828

14%

Mountain
Arizona

11,076

1%

4,003

36%

143,683

8%

Colorado

10,746

1%

3,641

34%

153,728

7%

Nevada

9,917

1%

1,137

11%

69,864

14%

Utah

9,332

1%

1,722

18%

62,641

15%

Sub-Total

New Mexico

5,474

1%

2,535

46%

331,544

2%

Wyoming

5,392

1%

3,911

73%

17,448

31%

Montana

2,484

0%

1,237

50%

20,636

12%

Idaho

2,247

0%

997

44%

34,025

7%

56,668

5%

19,183

34%

833,569

7%

Pacific
California

115,630

11%

37,621

33%

1,229,098

9%

Alaska

28,226

3%

a

0%

26,353

107%

Washington

18,030

2%

7,414

41%

209,258

9%

Hawaii

11,363

1%

299

3%

40,914

28%

Oregon

9,612

1%

3,841

40%

109,694

9%

Sub-Total

182,861

17%

49,175

27%

1,615,317

11%

U.S. TOTAL

991,185

100%

478,638

48%

9,308,979

11%

Sub-Total

* Foreign Direct Investment includes gross property, plant, and equipment of affiliates. Department of Commerce data is
provided for the following categories of U.S. affiliates of U.S. companies: all industries, manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail
trade, information, finance (except depository institutions) and insurance, real estate and rental and leasing, professional,
scientific and technical services, and other industries.
Source of data: Operations of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies, Preliminary 1999 Estimates. U.S. Department of
Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of Economic Analysis.
a: value less than $1 mil.
na: not available or not applicable.

---

Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/crs%3ARL31323. Public record. Not legal advice.