# Prologue — Smith v. Hall > Briefs, arguments, decisions, and more. URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/brief%3Amicro_IA40386010_0179%3A00 ## Record - **Collection:** Supreme Court brief - **Document type:** Prologue - **Published:** January 1, 1937 - **Citation:** 301 U.S. 216 ## Text 2 SHEETS—SHEET }. Patented June 22, 1915 1914 OSBORN. INCUBATOR C. 5 : oi ~ Pht Dg PU Ae Dom C. 4. OSBORN. MCUBATOR. « APPLICATION FUED DULY 15, 1914 Patented June 22, 1915. 2 SHEETS—SHEET 2 tiet 12: eee oe tee Sine a Tes x cabelas pre . wd pe a ‘ ue 4. x A rf . r¢ ¢ for this casir bod ‘ah tie iaaidcbtne ane 42 bere. yf a ie ee" 9 4 Pe WAL thin. ae Ae Pa. he ee Fe pay Sey, eo : 22 : : F E ¥ =, . . ‘ * ine SR 28. Zar GD TS ees - ae ped ogee eg U ie > ee an : athe - ‘ : ‘ ‘ : va 4 ; L.? Z “gS ‘Sagat a apr cane oe t-, % BS : . z % 3 °T a — . F ~ ’ . ie os ’ bs ; oes? r 2 y pi } ; ‘ . gi 95 et ne Na 2 ‘ eee . . ° > 4 » E ~ 2 OATS ty ee 7: gin. “en » m | & Se we twee ae tee iy oN ole ae ax ety th - a 8 ! x cate LLL la 2 SHEETS—SweEET I. 7 Patented Nov. 21, 1916. x | ; A *ts% e ‘f : 7 a} J ; on pa NEP Oe oF ee eee = > , tee Le >t + é g « on emerre.e-# a ee sewanwa = a Ag 2 are “IFA ee ee at” gallate ie 9. Z GF G f i ens : ee Ya ? 2 ° aauy. Lu fad R. F. FULLINGTON. INCUBATOR ATTACHMENT. ww al oy he - —) ne = od am °o - on : im ‘One in- previously set forth to prevent the under in the cooling of the incubator and to further , more 80 8 ee ae ee . 4 ® C eRe eES- o ' ; , BF) ent ges 5. = ‘ q Ra 4 = ' + tera: Phi Bcd —dpeestinnanet th pa whom it may concern: pit known that I, Roy F. Fu.zineron, | of the ee aoe, = at in county o 5 and Sat Wlneonet, have favented certain new end useful Improvements in Incubator Attachments, of which the following is on. This invention relgtes to incubators or 19 breeders, snd has particular reference to an _—— vee Fad type of pic ta haga may be upon to automatically reg- the temperature at which the brooder or incubator is to be kept. is 1s More specifically, it is an object of this in- vention to provide means normally quiescent for removing heated air from the interior of the incubator when actuated automati- cally by means governed by the increase of 20 heat, so that overheating of the incubator is prevented. A further object is to adapt the means previously set forth to prevent the under cooling of the incubator and to further pro- %§ Vide means so simple in their construction and so capable of being cheaply mantfac- tured ‘that costly thermometers or thermo- sats may be dispensed with and yet their | necessary operations performed in an equally 30 efficient manner. The above and additional objects which will become apparent as this explanato Oe , _~* a Soll 3 ae =i “yee ts gla eepcanegl ae sagan thea ey ll mT E eH | ~ 4000 ce 1,205,445 opening or inlet by which ait may be di- cuit is completed upon the contacting of rected into the pipe. levers 37 and 38. The automatic ing means whereby An increase of heat rated by the the operation of a may beicontrolled to ment 23 might very easily prove detrimer 5 maintain a practically constant temperature to the contents of the incubator, yet beff in the i tor is illustrate] more par- such heat could do harm in the presence} too Fig: 4. In this. e, the nu- this invention the damper 25 ‘would -ne meral i a heater | of a sarily be buoyed up causing a contact number of heating chambers, pne of which tween the pivoted arms and a completion 10 22 is adapted to contain the heating element the circuit through the fan, me ype 28 which as here shown be a lamp, then be actuated to force cool air into t although it is obvious thet any other means casing through pipe 18 and drive out ¢ such as gas or electricity « ne employed foul air through the pipe 17. On the otk with equal wy A for this p he hand should the temperature of the incah 15 heating chamber 22 is aperturéd as at 24 in tor become too low, it will be seen that t dependant Gerla, uch damper being at” generated by th lamp 28 from earn car- by the 23 from exerti ce. ee ried Bo et Oey TI dies te coe uoyant effect upon the damper 25, which a su which may be one explained will cause a slackening in the caz of the egg trays if so desired in any suitable nections 41, so that the connection will ly pivotal samiee Sinan 6 Aare See ae. betwee the pivoted arms. sata again free to raise the temperature a the incubator’ without being disturbed. ¢F leesened by the rotation of the fan. It wi thus be seen that efficient means haye bam, provided capable of replacing the Wik ‘costly thermostat while at the same tis forming s reliable automatic regulatee ty the heating of an incubator or brooder tiie SSFEEAgE Beith f Hu if i 35 and i fi oy bids i ae aT x ut ye iBpoteers ab Eee the circuit through the fan, whe then be actuated to force cool air into ¢ casing through pipe 18 and drive‘out fou] air through the pipe 17. On the of hand should the tem ure of the inc tor become too low, it will be seen cause for this will be the failure of : amommeg d the lam op bees ex uoyant effect upon the per 25, which cunlainnd will cause a slackening in the ex nections 41, so that the connection ; — a the poe arms and ¢ t again free to raise the temperature the incubator without wy disturbed. leasened by the rotation of the fan. It wit thus be seen that efficient means have bem! provided capable of replecing the wah, costly thermostat while at the same tie forming a reliable automatic regulator i the heating of an incubator or brooder tha by attaining the previously presented obje While in the foregoing however, thes thus been illustrated in the drawi described in the specification, such com tion and arrangement of elements as og tute the preferred embodiment of this i tion, it is desired to emphasize the fae such minor changes in the matters of may be made ig is device as shall ne& 1001 = pan apertured longitudi- ‘Neate spaced from said air d air therefrom, an inlet Maaitioned in said pan to convey a- , and fan means for circulating air b mid inlet and outlet pipes in a cir- ~ ¢ fin motion by the contact between mper ne =e caused by said damper. said weight means fe trok the contact » combination with an apertured said arms in the other direction and a cir- fa pipe serving as an air outlet from cuit closed by ‘between said arms for , By, an air inlet for said trey, a fan the operation of ulating air through both, of said- In testimony I affix my signature 3¢ multaneously to coo] the tray, a heat- in presence of two witnesses. nent, a. damper sensitively pivoted in ‘| h of the heated gases from said ele- ROY F. FULLINGTON. actuation by the flow thereof, a Witnesses : arms separately pivoted to said sup- Tox: Bowzn, djustable means supporting one of Many Seans. . Ped . Aer hs 4 Auge dite whet Py s a : Bs os Ga aE a ae | Pee Hee puinaners : : : ity il Hie leat at i} 3 | a8; § e | 4 a iF a / 5 See A.D. 1887.—N° 10,288. in and relating to Incubators. ve ate fe Satis aaehardiatite tte cs. ae de. an eaten nt a He a ie , COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in and.relating to Incubators. 4 A.D. 1887.—N° 10,288. die westsageliok She uast tenpachah retire i secure bythe exact EAE of ai through the compartment and this — odjest connection of the rod with the curved bar. i beviny ban neh once, will require no further for a period. oS ene =e apparatus derived from any source ee by air set in motion by = each of the series ee eee ee SS ey bow mag ate cnbice Src tha eltcahor havtae the ities: to fins bnving Liteon teem : Dated this 20th day of April A.D. 1888. WILLIAM E. HEYS, Agent for the Applican’ wONDON ; Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Of«, By Daaiive axv Box, trp. KAISERLICHES PATENTAMT. PATENTSCHRIFT > — Me 155917— KLASSE 454. E.STULIK ~ LICHTENBERG s. BERLIN. Qretverfahren und Vervicitung mit grappenweisér Bsschickung unc gisichzeltiger Behandlung der zu verschiedenen Zeiten in den Brut- apparat elngesstzten Elergruppen. Patestiort tm Demtecken Robt vem 7. November 190! ab. ~\ er Brittezeit wachsenden Eigen- | einem \ zu hohen Warmegrad avegesetzt fo Die 4 das neue Bratverfahren cingerich- - Auf der Zeichnung ist die neve Brutvorrich- a eer. und gwar zeigt Fig. ' orderansicht bei teilweisem Schnitt, Fig. 2 A-A von 1, Fig. 4 den Querschnitt nach B-B van 2; Fig. 5 zeigt schematisch cine fuh rm. “se ~=3—-s Bei._ der shri, 4 snd in dem Brutraum a Kasten 6 aberrinander Die erwarmte Britinft tritt _ durch’ das Rbbr c unter den untersten Brut- kasten. Die Kasten 5 sind mit Durchlochun- tg gen versehen, welche der erwarmten Luft durch alle durch die Kasten 6 wi iaen Soap ttet. Die oberste : en Taren f (Fig. 2). Brutkisten 6 kdnnen cinzein hcrausgenommen werden. Det Brutraum a ist zweckmabig von Aufnahme erwarmten geordnct sein, 3 richtungen zum Schutze gegen Warmeabgabe nach auSen Gren nicht unmittelbar zur Bei der | Ausfahrung befindet sich der Brutraum a “aber dem bekannten, Innerhalb armequelle, wie Pfeil & tine bei s aufgestelite mit heiBer Luft beschickt wird. Ein fihrender Abzug fiir ¢ie Heiz- kann bei / v sein. Pojataurete ¢ tot darth: de Kou ¥ um von hier aus mittels der Hebeliibersetzung p sie die VerschluBklappe g fiir den der Heizkammer i mebr oder weniger oder schlieBt. & Die beschriebene are ema in ihren Einzelheiten abandern. zeigt, konnen die Abteil I bis 7, ‘uit caune aoe In jedem F es wesentlich, da8 die von den Eiern mij Zeit entwickelte Eigenwarme fiir die nung eines Heizmantels ist fir,das Vet nicht unbedingt erforderlich, derselbe ye aber UmegelmaBigkeiten durch W. = strahlung nach aufen: Durch die besdiy Vorrichtung. wird vor allem vermieg@ig die Eier gegen Ende der Briitezeit ia ’ hohen Warmegrade ausgesetzt sind: 9 ae PATENT- ANspricue: . 1. Brutverfahren mit gruppil Beschickung und gleichzeitiger lung der zu verschiedenen Zeiter Brutapparat eingesetzten Eiergrups darch gekennzeichnet, da8 die Brutraum ou verschiedenen Zeiten setzten Eiergruppen demselben W strom unmittelbar in der Weise setzt werden, daB die Eiergruppen weise in der Richtung des W stromes in groBere Entfernung ve Warmequelle gebracht werden, zuerst die frisch in den Brut brachte Ejergruppe und dann ander die Alteren Gruppen bes Warmluftstrom auf die. ros ai} « Brittaft freien Zatritt u den 3 stattenden , welche di ie? ae aa. mere A A ts a a wk STL LIL 2 ave 1011 F tt0 1299] Dzrawpants’ Exursrr No. 9 “Ss 27] =Dranslation German Patent Soa Translati “franslation from German VB OESF : a} German Patent Office t= Letters Patent No. 155917 .% “Clase 45 h. Ss Ke E. Strum in Licurewsznc Naar Beacux menating Method and Appliance with Feeding in Batches “@@0 Simultaneous Treatment of the Batches of Eggs » iaeed at Different Times in the Incubator “gPatented in Germany as from November 7th, 1901 “Ze Gonnection with the incubating (hatching) processes rto used in which the different compartments of the Stor were filled in batches and in which the batches of Placed in the incubator at different times were treated ltane y, not sufficient attention has been given to Maintenance of a uniform temperature throughout the B incubator space. In connection with the known es of this kind, the individual batches to be inserted at pt times are arranged in parallel with regard to heat i In this connection either the individual egg car- am @ hatching space (incubating space) through which pair current passes upward below are eithe & In the former case, not sufficient consideration — se the natural heat of tie eggs which increases to- ie en of the hatching period while in the latter case, ae =4h which connection the hot water boiler arranged above oe 4 the hatching space, heats thé hatching space by radiatio - “al which connection there takes place in the downward di- 4 stion a too rapid decrease in the temperature so that Bere are not sufficient stages provided for the changing of @§e position of the egg carriers during the hatching period. 4On the other hand and in accordance with the invention der consideration, the batches of eggs entered into the — -Jistching space at different times are always directly ex- ppsed to one and the same hot air current in such a manner at the batches of eggs are removed progressively or im ages in the direction of the hot air current from the.. urce of heat so that the individual groups finally have wssed through the entire hatehing space. In this way it is made possible that the fresh batches first entered in the. tching space are exposed to the full heat of the hot air sbrrent.while the older batches of eggs which have already then shifted ahead in the hatching space are only exposed - % the hot air current after same has already given of part of its heat. In this way it is made possible that lol. 1301] under due consideration of the natural heat de: eloped by the eggs during the advanced stages of the tching, a uniform temperature prevails in all compart-- nts of the hatching space inasmuch as in the sections on the heat of which the warm air current is © by. the natural heat of the eggs. In ; the older batches are ex- need. The different compartmen FEC above each other for the reason that in this the one hand a favorable connection of the devices e compartment, hand there is made ee? |The illustration shows the new hatching device Be FF figure 1 shows a front view with partial som =~? 1013 jghows cross-section in the direction of A-A ‘of Figure 1; Figure 4 shows the cross-section in the direction of B-B of . 3 al ure 2; Figure 5 shows F diferent manner of: execution 3 a. hem. tically. 2 a “Yn connection with the execution of Figure 1-4 the trays” +) are.arranged on top of each other in the hatching space ¥ (a). ). The heated hatching air cnters through the tube or e.oonduit (c) under the lowest hatching tray. The trays (b) & [fol. 1302] are provided with perforations which make it possible for the heated air to pass upwards through all the -eompartments formed by the trays (b). The uppermost -- gompartment is provided with the air outlet (d). The » hatehing space (a) is provided, on the one side, with doors _ @ (Figure 2), arranged on top of each other and cor- 2 to the trays (b). The hatching trays (b) can be -femoved individually. The hatching space (a) is sur- pounded suitable by a jacket (w) for the receiving of “ented water in order to prevent any radiation of heat to- _ ward the outside. An outer door (g) in front of the door - (f) may be arranged, as protection against heat radiation ~ through the doors (f) as in Figure 2. The devices for the ‘protection against heat radiation toward the outside are Rot a direct part of the invention under consideration. In connection with the mode of construction, illustrated par space (a) is located above the known container i ) serving as brood hen. Within this container (h) there arranged the heating chamber (i) which is fed by means of any source of heat with hot air as indicated by arrow af), for instance by a lamp located at s. The outlet lead- - “Siag toward the outside for the heating gases can be pro- : at I. The.air feed tabe (c) is led through the chamber (i). “MBhe heating gases pass out of the space (i) through an - ‘@pening (m) into the chamber (y) and thence are distrib- in the tabes. (n) which heat the water in the jacket {¥). - ‘The gases collect finally again in space (x) whence D ths Wigs ‘are firet placed in the lowest hatch- mg rtment and after some time the lowest hatching el ray wih hon en ot a adn t. The eggs can also simply be next higher compartment. Thereupon ing to a more or valve (q) for the outlet (1) of the heating chamber (i). The hatching or incubating device described can be changed with regard to its individual parts. As shown in Figure 5, the compartments 1-7 through which the hot air pen age ey gg Acgennsy Fup Hamers « ide of each other. In any event it is of material im- the outside. By the device describd it is prevented above all that the eggs, at the end of the hatching period, are ex- posed to a too high degree of heat. Patent Claims (1) Hatching Process with entering of the eggs in batches and simultaneous treatment of the different . (fol. 1304] batches of eggs introduced into the incubator at different times, characterised in that the batches of eggs iatroduced into the hatching space at different times are that . the same hot air current in the manner different stages afe arranged air current at a gradually in- source of heat, in which passes first over the P hatohi Ain ES = FE ty get f 1015 S iescbating-or Hatching Doves Sir the deucstuiieilt oy process in accordance with claim 1 characterised in | ‘the egg trays serving for the moving of the batehes of and freely admitting the hatching air to the eggs and formi the individual compartments through which the ‘air current passes consecutively are arranged along- P side each other or above each other. Hereto attached one sheet of drawings. | 0. 0. PEOK. AUTOMATIO PAN SYSTEM OF HEATING. APPLICATION PILED MAB. 3, 1608. . 917,483. , | aoe Patented Apr. 6, 1908. { } $ SHEETE—SHEET 1. Ltg.L. SAS SAREE SEES SASS EERE SESS SS Se ‘ ; 4 , 4 eS 2S SE A A a A ee — Xo AAAS SSS SEES SEES SSS eS a a OO ae SLRAPASSVVVAAVWAS 4 SSS OE Va SAAS SSS — ¢ moe 2+ ; Z RSS a , ah = oA d . a - 4 ae ‘ ‘aaa ne 2 eS se thei y sister oie meidizt mere oe |, OR BIS Bg BE OL RAE > bi a " na ow’ & ©. . heat s at iar ~+- : apa em me Hula if fe isi HL : Tee Tz fie 3B or : iF int = a eimincnd ae as ft the steam req sannating 3 Ubidiie piste - Ss : : fi $s E e NS. = 8 i z ' NT TEMPERATURE BAT CONST VOR TILED WAR. 17, 1913. Pat g@. += 4 ~ ’ *. : 4 - ~~ ’ 7 : = ~ To eee aeL ‘ —* . ~ ‘ * - Se - ° = = ek — e ne vg ° : ~* > v - oe SEES .N 7 . * ia = , vs # Po? ee me rk . ahs ™ | . = . — = " > “toe a . Ny © zy > ’ © iS ~s P o . | ; a a —_—| , 4 © . . = an. ° m ; ? — ; ¢ — —— 4 ~ 4 . oe : ° . IF ~~) ms its a ei * he PS PY - : : > - ~ ets a 4 & > . > at : AS Dery = ~ ™ “+e oh a. é > § x - . 4 ‘ = * i ow vw? 2 a” ~ * = oss * a eee — IY ea Bil = dnventot. ¥ : n a tae a. o et 4 i. Laie slieh, ee % : ) ¢ e 4 nd \ bss A] “aces ti ~ Fede ee 7 Z o ke vs* i 2) oS y, ; ~ ra! -. 7 . ry Py > a a . x 1 OE ANAM eth tag as . - ai ‘ 7 > ‘ — e } .a : © 7 ™ a . ‘ s. ee Y " : 7 ~ tj y's a . . =~ S Ss. LP et er ~ - . a M . - = os “ oS 2 ¥ i * » * / ~- “eo.” . : » » N Ce a Pad ee a “ “ 9g me . ‘ -a o™ ~ mad Oe A We eee a J PA Sis sip Dee Sg oes oe 3* aut Noe ee” Tee. ACS 3 ae > ya ay 5 2 Pa - ss. 2 Fett en nN tt ' $er : : s Pe wD 2S Ags , A ive ‘s Fr Rh? Pts. Be > ‘ : _ of, ; - A> ™ P, “+e ens we . am oe # IASTART TEMPERATURE BATHS, MEO WAR,AT, 1953.” Rate it a 3 Patented Dee. 28, 1915. Me 4 SHEETS—SHEET 2. eS a W7 2 ¢ oe /9a tq oe 4 pie 2 : zB ; be r. bf é ‘ O- Aa 3 5909 3 HP 33 ~ — aN, ap a a Oy J AP AAASAIY, Kale cid F ; oy — -37 73 | 5/ Sy . hile 4 69 Lb yd ; é i R 43 a 3 id : W7 Sy t ieee | ve F IS we a BF. oY S ™ é 3 ; ‘cae i id oN . .) rt — » ’ tt & i Tay a ae DS fe ‘ FF s Li Le 2 2g N w : Y WAAAY VAY, . AMAAAAS errery: s * A ok "4 aA POS ALA wV "7 * As As fk vA ‘ -. ~~ j ¢, t~ 2 = — . = he on deed kA ¥ a 5° a +. > + + ha " - . ~: Be > * * ie ‘ Ay Br ee 2 i 7 . laatt re mty, and State of New York, have in- : 4 ' ited certain new and useful Improve- “Gilets in Heating Systems for Constank- mnpera of which the folowing showike ext ification. 10 -- invention relates to heating systems for constant-temperature baths of the type designed for use as chemical la avens, bacteriological incubators and other similar or anelogous apparatus where such 15 device finds application and the object of the invention is to provide means for maintain- ing the temperature accurately at any de- sired degree of heat irrespective of the ‘> 7 - _: are omens of room temperature. 3 invention is furthermore designed . an improvement upon the type of apparatus heretofore patented by me in U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,024,565, dated April 30, 1912. “In the following I have described, in cosi- > negtion with the accompanying drawi a sructure illustrating the application o ao, of my mete pe mt the ree yor being more particularly pointed out hereinafter in the claims. | the dra re 1 isa front eleva- vided with transparent mz such as a well 1%, 10 are the side walls ¢ plugs 19°, 19% f° The front a : preferably of nei apwe 21, o: suitable an] riot affected by the heat, t2 " ’ * » o ., - 4 > 4 . AS. 2: ye... -_ . \ at . ana val : ' Bs bE ® ed : ~~ i ~ ' i i a, a4 vend t be 4 oie. . > . ad 4 fa, fx. z r os wate, aa To g ~ . : a “ x “y 3 r 4: - oo . .. oo 5 . F i . . ~~. we i ‘ c's 3 + | _—. ’ . "a * 7 4p 4. “ : . tad a he h4 4 f 3 ef if i , & tion with the maim pever it is de. sired to ¢ mp chamber 12 10 mitting -the lamp overheat the. t occur with use at low t to use the. } is dan- ger of its he it is 15 connected of nected the 20° flashes Pelt will 47 and 48 36 rotate on & r 50, 50. This method of ea the conta surfaces a 73 to be al- ways in pp americel contact, on © scale. 85 apparatus which heat, it is a very desirable the air which has just been pa ov heating elements to be b t immedi to the coolest portion of the bath to teract in some degree this unavoidable x uniformity. I do npt restrict myself to any of the tails of construction, arrangement of p or composition of material as shown or ¢ scribed further than the scope of the pended claims demands. What I claim and desire to secure by I ters Patent is: o 1. In apparatus of the class describ receivi amber, a thermostat controll by the temperature of said chamber, 9.9m port, a lever arm having one end pival to said support, means for actuating’ lever arm controlled by said thermostey contactor on the other end of said leverg from said pivotal point and distant said thermostat, a second lever arm hay one end pivoted to said iy 20a trically with the pivoted end of saith’ mentioned lever arm, a contactor oma second léver arm in the path of theg tactor on the first mentioned lever apm an electric heating element in circuit? said contactors. a ters Patent is: E 1. In apparatus of the class descri ' receiving chamber, a thermostat cont by the temperature of said chamber, gam port, a lever arm having one end piv to said support, means for actuating lever arm controlled by said therme contactor on the other end of said levery from said pivotal point and distant 4 said thermostat, a second lever arm he one end pivoted to said port cog trically with the pivoted end of ssid: mentioned lever arm, s contactor oni] second lever arm in the path of the; tacter on the first mentioned lever arg an electric heating element in circuit# said contactors. aA ara A =. a& 3 SAPD WS. yale 2 a : = = ' Vkge t > ies. Seok. ; inks ssMiDEL ite ith 1,165,968 n bo controled by tbe movement of 6 Ing af said pair of contactors, @ connection’ gates Bec tne chamber, 4 ‘| ts move- i 5 Pa f th lass described, a eae ple e apparatus of the c escribed, a tween gece Mair of yertically movable contactors adja- chamber, a discha i each other e movement of pore - said i page automatically ceo i the movement of the pr a moving therewith, a con i. om in said secondary contactor, a pri- ing. witnesess. element in circuit with said rs . ; ‘tu * S , * 2 , eee, ‘ - ey A oe | ' hd » — = - ~o © ~ =| © ~~ x Pu 0. LUMPP. — ta a ‘ \ e ‘ Ne ‘ \ . \ » % . a ‘ " ~ \ ‘ ise) > — ie 4] - a4 (=) 4 oOo Cu oo we. « ta wt AR 4 a] fu o Aa —) bo eb ta > No. 280,490. Roe eee ’ en SS Rhes . a oe ne oe oS we |, - a re a | . : >—>—_—_———_ me . ’ || Le) “oe \ 2 eee“ Unirep States Patent OFFICE. oe OSCAR LUMPP; OF LYONS, FRANCE. METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR DRYING MATERIALS OF EXTENSIVE SUPERFICIAL AREA. : . : Se 3 y SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Wo. 200,490, dated July 3, 18683. Application filed Mareb 17, 183. (No model.) Patented tn France October 28, 1888, Ne. 131.62. © — es To all whom. it may concern: jected, deflested thereby, and caused to flow ¥ “of the French Republic and resident off, The thie Ain Piieten from rafters, = ' an ent 0 Aare. in the French nblie, have Saveutedl aa which I desmed to show in the 55 Es 5 tainnew and useful Improvements in Methods , ata short distance one another, : and of Means for Materials of Extensive | thus forming a series of narrow «passages, B. Superficial Area, (for which I have obtained ; Immediately below the fan, snd:en-a line with s Patent in France, No. 151,652, under | th _ date of October 20, 1882;) and I do hereby de- -10 elare the foll to be a full, clear; and ex- act description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whith it ap- |: apewerreG we) cial such as hides, cloth, or other textile or fibrous _ materials in large sheets or stripa—where horj- _ ‘Sental currents of air are not available, and | even were such availablé, they would be diffi- 25 cult of establishing, and where vertical or as- currents alone produce but slow and results. Inthedrying of materials beh a6 described above, ay ree ey! See ot bites, it is desirable the mation should be »” ee SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. e. Application filed March 17, 180. (No model.) . Patented im Frange Octehet bhi: = To all whom it may concern: — . 54 there $ es poe cost maak haga LUMPP; a citizen ) the fit - of the French Republic, and resident of Lyo ere a , ~ in the French ublic, have invented. cer- med whim Bs *§ tainnew and , Devin Meee Se ort di 4 and of Means for ng 0 ve series | eoperhiial Area, (for. which I sabe abiaaad th 5 5 rs Patent in France, No. 151,652, under and -s - ‘date of October 20, 1882;) and I do hereby de- flor = -1o elare the foll to be a full, clear, and ex- the a act description of the invention, snch as will ween ENE gerteizn to ake and use the sajna, retorens | “ and volumin oe. to e use Q, Cc |. to produce a st ae ’ being had to the saneamaaioas tee and | upward current OF ike verelation of the fan. 65 ie 15 to the letters of reference marked thereon, This current s Rete by the fan F upon ae ‘which form a part of this s cation. the inclined r of the roof, deflected ie The object of this invention is to establish | downward thereby, as dhown by the arrows, - a continuous asce and descending currents | and, after reaching the series of hi is di- ay _..-0f air in sach structures in which materials of | vided thereby snd passes downward h 70 oy 20. extensive superficial area are to be dried— | the _B, formed between two rows of Boh such as hides, cloth, or other textile or fibrous | hides, to boplnatate bs. er by the fan through 7. Oe _materials in large sheets or strips—where horj- | the central ‘Of course more or less 4 zontal currents of air are not available, and | air will also be up through some ofthe, : | even were such available, they would be diffi- | narrower and in this manner I cap 75 25 cult of establishing, and where vertical or as- effect the of hides in a comparatively currents alone produce but slow and | short time and at expense. As - imperfect results. Inthedrying of materials | shown,the fan rotates in 6 supports,and as described above, and more lly | may be driven by toothed ng or pulley ‘ in the of hides, it is desirable that the | and belt or any: other. suitable power-trans- 80 ‘30 operation should be effected as rapidly as | mi mechanism from any desired prime possible. This cannot be done with hot air, | motor. Such fq may be of any usual or pre- such being injurious to hides, nor can it be construction, 80 long as it is arranged done by horizontal or ascending air-currents. } with i to the .deflecting-surfaces as de To effect this gy a entire surface | ‘scribed é 85 | 35 Of te material should be exposed to both as-; Of course dt will be readily understood that | The of my invention is attained othé? material jan hides, p sich ma- _ means of a suitable ila or suction and ; terial is. com of long strips or sheets * blast fan in combination with deflecting-sur- | capable of suspended vertically to form go bag 2 Fee warp: arranged above the ma- | the air- ‘and for. some materiale hot to be dried and centrally thereof, draw- | instead of ot may be used, the hot air be- _ tng the-air up and page| latter ing injected intethe lower part of thestracture ‘surfaces that and caused to circulate as bed. ying drawings I have shown pee ere H; for tan-- descri _* -Ha thus described invention, what 95 1. The herein-degeribed method pale | materials of extensive superfi saprnier ty fe 100 1033 Ct; | — 3 ee J 3 sye.ase ; low said fan in rows on opposite sides of a vertical line through the apex of the 15 fie formed by the defi toform ~* ag gen as In testimony ‘that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of 20 February, 1883. - OSCAR LUMPP. Witnesses: ae J. P. A. MARTIN, =»: , ee BENJAMIN F. PErxorro. ; * . Feit ¢ ; . = (we Mode)’ . | WiR. BOGERS. AAS a ical oo ia, | No. 327,000. --4: : Patented Oot. 6, 1886 ~ \ \ \ aie i Mis yy ae yy tee Se Bayes i ‘7 ‘: SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patasit Ho, 837,900, : oe ¢ ee 4 Aiay 4 eee ont Pe ae a rs “8 aie tan By aes D sc nasdan S , ot oe ae ; Peuaanae eA teal ty ty ‘ “Ries “2 y Pape vata oe me nae yx CP ua “ 3 ae ° 4 ~ sa a et Whee? seers payee ae . 3 ‘ ; . 4 °i > az £ ; : - Ned 4 ; —: “ ? oe .-, ra a, , of . ‘ har. i 2 ; @ =. os E , e~ Oo @ -_ ov o 7. oO oO a ee iy _ bas 5 S WOT ~ oO a a he wae « SbF Lf -~ a a ee . s os - 2 s “« Ky Li Rp | pened nln dinadienebalal thin geen ieee, aad Tes : ip oa ¥ al Tale i; B i Tt PEA: No. 891,019. " ™N ’ . 174 +48 7 . . Ort ~ ‘ s ‘ ‘ : iia : pi Gemeeeetasaca ALY SRLS, 3 $9) seececesece sd eeiegrERRE Soret eee : Bi see ease setae RE RN : pi Sea sate teeace > a) ere Rm . s [EP] Semseeaeteiaie . : ‘ s ‘ _ » . Bi es@teausasece eran a me carne 2) eee ee ease caee 0 .csUaEEEEenr ems n 1038 No. 891,019. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908. L. VERRA. DRYING ROOM. APPLIOATIGN FILED OOT. 22, 1907. 3 SHEETS—GHEET 3. SSAsee ae .. x: : 4 BESGSRERRREeUeE a — ees qannauge SS SeSs ees ‘Sq een “a bak meg idbdadédddadads sade eee ‘ s i ® =~ =_.l. — —ale COLO PEPEEIEEEMPEEMORMPEEEEDR EERE . lt - i) be | d a -_ mie | i SRESESESRSEREEEERRESEEEVES . Fd quae G oy it | | 4 yi) | ‘ | ~ BUEDEDELD A \\ . 1039 _ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. ee LUIGI VERNA, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. DR YING-ROOM. No. 891,019. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 16, 1908. Application filed October $2, 1907. Serial No. 398,611. To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, Luia1 Verna, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia in the county of Philadelphia and State o 5 Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful: Improvements in Drying-Rooms, of which the following is a specification. My invention relates to improvements in a drying machine and particularly relates to a machine for drying alimentary paste or dough used in the manufacture of macaroni. | The object of my invention is to construct a drying machine in which the dough can be quickly dried without causing the surface or | crust of the dough to crack, this I accom- | plish by constructing the drying machine so | that the dough may be subjected to an at- mospheric pressure which wil dry the dough | uniformly without causing the surface to crack; a further object of my invention is to | provide means for causing the air in the dry- | ing machine to circulate and also for admit- | ting fgesh air to the same when desired ; these | together with other novel features of con- | struction of the parts of the machine, which | will be more fully hereinafter described, con- ’ stitute my invention. _ Referring to the drawings: Figure 1. is a plan: view of my improved drying machine showing the fan box in section; Fig. 2. is a vertical section on line 2—2 Fig ‘Fi . 3. is & vertical section.on line 3—3 ’ 1: Fi y 3 is a vertical section on line 4—4 Fig. 3: Fig 5. 18 @ vertjcal section on line 5—5 Fig. 3; Fig. 6. is a perspective view of the fan — 10 1s 20 25 30 . 1 represents a casing form- 2, said casing | is ly rec : in form. and is pro- 40 vided with racks 3 which divide the drying | chamber into different compartments 4 an ‘ eres mpartments may either be sitive ' said oy eg, 8 are removable, so that either the drawers 6 or the poles 7 may be used in any of the compartments as desired. The machine is provided with large doors 12 and 13, so as to make the interior of the drying chamber accessible. The I achine is provided with-a fan 15, mounted ih a fan box 16. A shaft 17, —— in bearings 18 and 19, carries the said fan and is driven by the belt wheels 20, or any other suitable means. The fan box 16 extends to the bottom of the drying machine, where the air from the fan passes through the aperture 22 into the drying chamber, which is practically air tight, so that the air will be held under a sufficient pressure to uniformly dry the dough contained im the drawers or suspended | upon tRe poles. A stop-cock 23 is provided at the top of the drying machine, which may be opened to re- duce the air pressure in the drying chamber when desired. The fan box is provided with a 7 e | located opening 24 having an adjustab cover 25, as shown in Fig. 6; which may be opened to admit fresh air to the fan. When it is desired to cause the air in the drying chamber to circulate, the aperture 26, formed at the top of the drying c ber, as shown in Figs: 3 and 4, is opened by means of 7° rod of pin be roger e = a slid- ing door 28, ited to ti close said aperture 26. When said pr Ave 26 is opened the air will be drawn che devine chamber into 30, from which iti ; the om ing 31, into the fan box 16. cover 26, of the fan box may be closed so that the air in the drymg chamber will circulate, or the Some Sk OO Apeed $6 See Seth sie on 55 60 65 70 75 80 ° 85 90 - No. 891,019. To all whom i may concern: Be it known that I, Lure: VERNA, a citizen of the United States, eo Philadelphia in the county of Philadelphia and State o 5 Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and . useful Improvements in Drying-Rooms, of which the fellow! is a specification. My invention relates to improvements in a drying machine and particularly relates to a 10 machine for drying alimentary paste or dough used in. the manufacture of macaroni: The object of my invention is to construct a drying machine in which the dough can be quickly dried without causing the surface or 15 crust of the dough to crack, this I accom- plish by constructing the drving machine so that the dough may be subjected to an at- mospheric pressure which will dry: the dough uniformly without causing the surface to 20 crack; a further object of my invention is to provide means for causing the air in the dry- ing machine to circulate and also fér gdmuit- ting fresh air to the same when desired ; these together with other novel features of con- 5 struction of the parts of the machine, which will be more fully hereinafter described, con- stitute my invention. Referring to the drawings: Figure 1. is a plan: view of my improved drying machine ) showing the fan box in section; fi .2. 6a verticai section on line 2—2 Fig. 1: Fi . 3. is a vertical section. on line 3-3 Fi 1 ‘Bi . 4. Is a vertical section on line 4-—4 Fig. 3: Fig 5. is a vertgcal section on line 5—5 Fig. 3; and, Fig. 6. is a perspective view of the fan ®drawings | resents a casing form- ing the drying chamber 2, said casing 1 is~ P rec lar in form and. is pro- 40 vided racks 3 which divide the dryi chamber into different compartments 4 an 5 into which compartments may either be placed, the drawers 6, or poles 7, supported upon racks or guides 8, provided for that pur- 45 pose. The drawers have bottoms formed of wire mesh, u which a iea the short - pieces of dough. The do is also dried in ‘tong coil, ou ‘of dough are h Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed October $3, 1907. Serial No. 898,611. Patented June 16, 1908. | Said cross-pieces 8 are removable, so that either the drawers 6 or the poles 7 may be used in any of the compartments as desired. The drying machine is provided with large doors 12 and 13, so asto make the interior of the drying chamber accessible. The drying machine is provided with a fan 15, moun in a fan box 16. A shaft 17, supported in bearings 18 and 19, carries the said fan and is driven by the belt wheels 20, or any other suitable means. The fan box 16 extends to the bottom of the drying machine, where the air from the fan passes through the aperture 22 into the drying chamber, which is practically air tight; so that the air will be held under a | sufficient pressure to uniforinly dry the | dough contained in the drawers or suspended upon the poles. | _ Astop-cock 23 is provided at the top of the drying machine, which may be opened to re- duce the air pressure in the drying chamber | when desired. | The fan box is provided with a centrally | located opening 24 having an adjustable | cover 25, as.shown in Fig. 6; which may be _ opened to admit fresh air to the fan. When it is desired to cause the air in the drying chamber to circulate, the aperture 26, formed at the top of the drying chamber, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, is opened by means of the rod 27, which is connected with a slid- ing. door 28, — to tightly close said aperture 26. n said aperture 26 is — the air will be drawn ni the top of the drying chamber into the return chamber 30, from which it is drawmr’t the open- ing 31, into the fan box 16. caver 25, of the fan box may be closed so that the air in | the drying chamber will circulate, or the cover may be opened to admit fresh ‘air as desired. rome. | thus described my invention | claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent: In @ drying toom, the combination of a casing forming a drying chamber, a fan box located adjacent said ing chamber and having an aperture formed therein for admit- ting air to the papel wie w of said drying in turn rest upon the racks 3. The as shown at 10. These coils ‘§@ are ded between the said croes-pieces pe chamber, a fan in said fan box, said i chamber having an aperture formed in the 55 60 65 75 80 85 90 95 100 1040 a2 861,019 upper portion thereof, a return chambercom-| In testimony whereof I affix my signature municating with saig aperture in the upper | in presence of two witnesses. an box, means for closing said last mentioned | sina URNA. 5 aperture, racks formed in @aid drying chani- | Witnesses: ber and means supported upon said racks | JoserH B. Lannine, for carrying the articles to be dried. J. F. G@. ATTLm. 1041 M. E. BRADLEY. STOREHOUSE FOR VEGETABLES. APPLICATION PILED SEPT. 19, 1908. 934,274. Patented Sept. 14, 1909. 8 SEESTO—sHzEr } 16 g 43 + (4 /O I- 12H. 3 === | 36 23 eT "Spa 3}- | a 7 33 $ Fg. L. It afl 1 1 t 30 30 26 comes « f ; #6 p-4 i, fT - ee BBO SL RT EY BF lay 3AY EE eee, sg. 5G A. 73 18 _ 43 sg 16 76 | 9 76 sé 7; J FF 177. fen Z +f | = 28 z 26 | 29 ‘ T La - : 34 7. $8 a e 6 -———, 36 23 le Pe "opie 1 IT 36 a cea 2 3}- : ." ae I ad . 5 Frog. L. — f—— ; ; + : 30 30 1 i } eccen ne i ia St, 20 pf a 46 aR ; 22 “GB \30 BB RIT SY Br og 32/EE tz ; / 76 1 a! 7 3 192 171, fay 2 1S 4 W BON wy 28'S L la, OBR 27 2 x | Z wie R ‘ Fo 2g = a 7 a7 27 : 37 ie 82 26 25/7], 36 eal og | Bes WH oy | 32 ine » _ re FE Dnall « ae é - 2 7S = 92 mr oar ane BR a cor ‘on r —- ~ a+ 7 3 Y ‘ane ving one of | nse eevee ouse 0 e class i- pon the | fied, an inclosure aving * plurality of bine 7 is | disposed therein and arranged with respect | to each other to form s centrally located | siste, said ory heving deers at the ends said inclosure having « top por- series pr gine | nally aterial and having - inclosure, aft revol said aisle. #0 whereof I affix my signatore aH s 1045 +e | . SCHMIDT & H. SCHUTTERLE. _ APPARATUS DBYING MACARONI AND LIKE BAKERY PRODUCTS. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE®, i911 1,010,809. | Patented Dec. 5, 1911 6 BHEETS-SHEET 1 | ‘ * pte a x , r? Me Bn i ell oe a * ee & re | r b a ‘3 . " | 5 -¢ IA VENTORG. Joun SoremMazrr Hew ry SCHUTTERLE. By — d AL... Arrrs. 1046 J. SCHMIDT & H. SCHUTTERLE. APPARATUS FOR DRYING MACARONI AND LIEE BAKERY PRODUOTS. APPLICATION FILED JUNE9, 1911 * 1,010,809. Patented Dee. 5, 1911. 6 SHEETS-8HEET 2 mA UILLIGULNLMN leet eb ddl beled eetedelettt eel GATEA ECTS ESGEE SS 4 +7 S Aw Sa NR SAAS T | nie enna w+ - = 2+ $+ +--+ = Fig, 2 SSSSSSVAAA DD * SSS SST MANN MR _nnynn»xwow aw sss SST il | BE apne —eee ) ~S SS SS Y UMMM Ls LLL LLL UME Ui. 7 “ a © — = i *~* «. m - me Yj - © Yt 7 b. ” hy ; ~~ aa i — 1 i i S i = i 1 1 mH i be \ B ii : * i ib = a ry \ -§ = - \ - tai \\ - Q7 =e x" = oat © | @ ¥ af ATTEST INVENTORS a a nal UJox#n SCHMIDT ~ EWU. per | Henry ScHOUTTERLE 5 Arr¥t. ons ; Fig. 8 > 1047 J. SCHMIDT & H. SCHUTTERLE. APPARATUS FOR DRYING MACARONI AND LIKE BAKERY PRODOOTS. _ APPLIOATION PILED JUNE 9; 1011 1,010,809. Patented Dec. 5, 1911. 6 BHEETS-OHEST 3 iF \ i a ; ) en Ct \N NZ THR a “HH ‘ 7h | : - L 3S a % 3 te} Bs ; Soar * j - = se ; pocennioarecapeny - “ - a tenes ee - — oc “eee a: 5 : . - ) oa Fig. 3 6 SHEETS-OHEET 3 A ; ) ma | : a oo — T ee ~ - ae e ~ rf . IN gre TORS e MID= , i ERE Sepsitere 1048 J. SOHMIDT & H. SCHUTTERLE. APPARATUS FOR DRYING MACARONI AND LIKE BAKERY PRODOOTS. APPLICATION FILED JUNES, 1911. 1,010,809. | Patented Deo. 5, 1911 materials or goods which can be distributed | The drying-room A is provided at its top or- through the drying-room so as to provide | upper portion with passages G and H, com- REM vertical air-spaces somewhat even- | municating, respectively, with the heating- | oo geenny 5 chamber F and re ee ~~~ ane object of this invention is to arrange | bottom or lower w ng me. parte of the drying apparatus (herein-| passages I and J, also communicating, re- Rerfor convenience of expression called a} spectively, with the heating-chamber and ex- —* _ aie drawings, Figure 1 represents a lon- 3 vertical section of a pair of our dryi and Fig. 2 is a hori- ional view of the same on ths line ail t figures the same letters of refer- S refer to similar parta, and the arrows st ow t direction of the air-currents. "> AltBoagh the drawings show two driers ~ See Side, we will first proceed with our ~ Gesertption as if there were but one drier, 5 and afte tds af the relation which ! : rs. sd Se rotors to each other. Each drier is pan ae yee cad chambers—an up- rate from the other, except as hereinafter dc $0 seribed, and each of these chambers is pref- >. ~ ~? - DRYING-MACHINE. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Mo. 489,982, dated July 15, 1890. Application fled January 19, 1889. Serial No. 396,838. (ile medal’ ——— erably made to occepy one floor of a build-. ing and of a suffici¢nt height for a workman to enter and work in it. A is the drying «room divided inte upper and lower compartments by the floor B and 55 provided with suitgble dodrs for the entrance of the into the chambers. The floor B is provided with an opening or hole, preferably in the center, leading f one compartment to the other. C is a fan located at the opening .in the floor B, preferably immediately beiow it, for circulating the air. D is the shaft-bearing, and E the pulley, for supporting and driving this fan. F is the steam-heating coil placed in a sepa- rate compartment just outsideof the drying- room proper, (which for convenience we will hereinafter term the .“ heating-chamber.”) The dryiag-room A is provided at its top or 70 upper portion with G and H, com- municating, respectively, with the heating- chamber F and the external air and at its bottom or lower portion with corresponding passages I and J, also communicating, re- 75 spectively, with the heating-chamber and ex- ternal air at the bottom. The heating-cham- ber F is provided with a K, commu- nicating at its top with the air external to the chamber. Ali of these passages are provided 80 with suitable doors which may be opened or closed, as desired, to late the temperatare and humidity of the air in the drying-room, 65 Fos apenas = icmmathins is as follows — ; Sappesieg the ae ae to be pe ung upon supports L.. * passages J, aod K are closed aad G and I are and y fan r is ciren- recirculated, it by constantly berand very rial ih it posses ln the aries, teri DAR RE q and when it has sufficiently heated - or su the passage J is to allow the hot air to escape from the drier, and the K over the heater is opened to admit a supply of fresh cold air rod | >. them alternately, using the ret for the one and then i ettnee — the leading from the erp wer gyros rare alternately so that first one and then pened and oles, be connected with the common heating-chamber. During the time -| one drier is in operation the other drier may be recha Thus the steam is never shut off from heater while the driers are in operation; but the heater is in constant use, first for one and then for the other drier, avoiding a loss of heat, which could not be Socee th Were the heater-rooms inoperative ' the recharging process. Tashed of a fan—such as shown in the draw- ings—for moving the air, any other suitable air-moving device may be employed; and we do not limit ourselves to the mere details of eonstruction here shown, as it is apparent ho pha d may Bang ae in mang A ways with- departing n the least from the principles of our invention. Having now described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Let- ters Patent, is— In a drier, the combination of the follow- ing elements: a floor or partition dividing the drier into sees and lower @mpartments or réoms, the said floor or partition being ed a an opening forming a vertical- y-commun ng way between the rooms and being dk et air-tight except as to said opening, an air-circulating fan located in said_ opening for sucking air through one ee and forcing it through the other, external passage-way connecting the up- per ap and lower | ee eee & ng pipes way, an adjustable door anon on each of said compartments ani said external way, and an adjustable camer Goor in each a between the ex- ‘ternal © compartment, so ri . | Sean tend that digo ie. seer into the from the pd com- = atte uae which invention we here Toe cnr bands... Tee nte 60 65 7° 89 90. 95 100 ¥ Mite oa soa STR te oh" el heat ts) SE pemsrseg ee ¥ . D. W. SHARES. Cultivator. Patented Aug, |, 1854. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. DANIEL W. SHARES, OF HAMDEN, CONNECTICUT. IMPROVEMENT IN CULTIVATORS. Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. £4,46@, dated August |, 1854. To all whom it may cgncern: erent erates ; band af- Be it known that I, DaniEL W. Saares, of ! ter the travei of wae ges mp poskid See , and ; fer. Hamden, in the county of New Haven and | tor between them, State of Connecticat, have invented a certain | ing edge of pag oe Sele ¢ new and useful I mprovement in Hoeing-Ma- | configuration to tha transvered’ chines, of which the following is a fall, clear, | balf (nearly) of the row and- hag and exact deacription, reference being had to | thus the two wings combined shape the the accompanying drawings, which form part | row and one-half of each row om either side, of this specification, and in which— the return or run of the machigs the ad- Figure | represents a side view of my im- | joining farrows serving to hee the . wud machine; Fig. 2, an inverted plan or | sides of the rows and simalts to hee under view, and Fig. 3 an inside view of one | the one side of an adjoining roewand the of the wings or scrapers detached. furrow as before. If the plant be in in- The machine represented in the accompany- | stead of rows, the wings similarly act in shap- ing drawings is of plow form or build, and 1s | ing them by ranning the machine breadth designed to be used in hoeing corn, potatoes,”| as well as lengthwise or diagotially,as may - or other vegetable prodace growing in bills or | of the field between the hills. ° -the ma- rows. It is drawn by horse or cattle in front, | chine not only loosens the earth by its plow — and guided or held by hand bebind, as in op- | form in front, bat carries or shores the earth onto the rows or around the rece geno : swoon thvaiican reee Thas operating, the | most effectual Ny hoeing is effetted by wings or scrapers B, one | narrow crook on either side, di ng or spreading oat: | of the winga.will work ander the leave ward, backwardly, and set inclined or beveled | plant lying on or near the d instea Gukjlids thoes, 60 08 to present greater | covering them with soil, as is the om ~ width or distance apart between their bottom | the common plow or caltivato * all afte - than their top These wings are hinged | boeing being dispensed with. The a by hinges a, for the par- | given to tlie hill or row at the top By Gh e the hinder extremity of the wing to make thé bil! or row preserve ' of the win IMPROVEMENT IN s OULTIVATOM: e ae ous Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. pecscranes dated Angus 1, ites. To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, DanizL-W. Hamden, in the nty of New Haren and State of Connectitat, have invented a certain new and usefal Eeoomoaoer | in Hoeing:Ma- chines, of which the following is a fall, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which— Figure 1 represents a side view of my im- proved machine; Fig. 2, an inverted plan or under view, and Fig. 3 an inside view of one or scrapers detached. The machine reprasented in the accompany- ing drawings is of plow form or build, and is d signed to be used in hoeing corn, potatoes,” or other vegetable produce growing in bills or rows. It ts- drawn by horse or cattle in front, and guided or held by hand behind, as in op- erating the ordinary plow, the horse being hitched to the draft-bar A ard walking in be- tween the hills or rows. Thas operating, the hoeing is effected by wings or scrapers B, one on eithér side, diverging or spreading oat- ward, backwardly, and set inclined or beveled on their outside faces,so0 as to present greater width or distance apart between their bottom. than their top edges. These wings are hinged. at their front .ends by hinges a, for the pur- pose of contracting and expanding them at pleasure, to suit different widths of farrows or distances apart of. the rows or hills, screw- bolts c or pins passing through bars } at the back, pro with suitable and lapping one ever the other, serving to hold the wings a when set. This arrangement of ex Brerviniget 0 wings. is common enki nd of | wee a ee = roe fr to teal of te i a ing =o of each win being . con balf (nearly) of the row and its. far thus the two wings combined shape row and one-half of each row ow side, the retara or ran of the machine along the ad- joining furrows serving to hee the: — sides of the rows and simal ' the one side of an ining rowand furrow as before. the plant be in stead of rows, the wings similarly shap- ing them by running the poe neti as well as len or diagodally, as may of the field between ‘the bills. Thus the ma- hills or rows of the proper shape, answeri most effectually the purpose of a hoe, as the narrow crooked form of the of a hos, as the of the winge will work under the heaves of the plant lying on or near the ground instead covering them with soil, as is the wase wit the common plow or caltivator; all aftur hoeing being dispensed with. The flat given to the hill or rowat the top by in the hindér extremity of the wing willserve as is the case with the common plow of enti: vator. eg ay the farrow being ‘made or left ay Aw hesyD = tle w bythe own 5 tbeuameor on, wes Eisner bogie on the e-testh’O on. the ' 7 3 Pelt Ss > :, Bg hn hehe Y aa .t* " Bien fetes Se a eee eee Paes? a Eee . /—-. : aa _ r 11,.4€@ I do not claim of themselves the expandiig and contracting wings, as such bave before been used in corn-plows and cotton-scrapers; 4+ bat Ido claim as newand useful and desire to argues be Lepiese Patent— - roviding the nding and contracting hoeing-wings B on either side with caltivator. teeth g downward on the inside of the ng wings or scrapers, as aud for the purposes specified. - In testimony whereof I bave hereunto sub- - | scribed my name. DANIEL W. SHARES. Witnesses : Srpvey 8. Benya, OL_gora GILBERT. a » = Se 3 * ee Wag Sy St Ph,9 9k Berg at a 6 Sheets—Sheet 1. Patented Mar. 5, 1896. 0. W. SOHWARTZ, Jr. 45D APPARATUS FOR ORDERING TOBAOOO. 4 METHOD OF No. 636,176. {Neo Medel.) ~ “eh? ad Be 4 > -'sapeseesuness PLING TI PIN dd 1059 (Ho Model.) 6 Sheets—Sheet 2. C. W. SCHWARTZ, Jr. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR ORDERING TOBACOO. No. 536,176. - Patented Mar. 6, 18965. . X ¥ \ a J 4 ' ~ eee wee em we ee + -- yas = A [oe enn it \! ~~ j ? * ‘ AF Q = my j ; i |! ' ; | “Sst: - | > ' , y } - ' i ‘ ' ; : | : ' Ss 4 ; ' + Rae OS ‘ = “ wre ca *s 73 ne = ® 3 eS ; Rarer ted AGF e 5\s ee “hiay Oe Oe ee ee ee EE RE RS EE ee eee | s msi NN | a~ Renee oe awe ee eee em = — are oh i 1062 (No Model.) : 6 Sheets—Sheet 5. C. W. SCHWARTZ, Jr. MBTHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR ORDERING TOBAOOO. No. 636,175. Patented Mar. 5, 1895. ‘ : “ f 4 . + ve — + % 2s i ” > a 3 » € kata aaa aa ae t ‘\, “ Be ot 2 vo re a to oe 2 ~ . "ne ae ‘ i i? te ‘7 ‘ ‘ . benannasss essen www res cee erentsese;d Roviiesense seca aioes eb ss ras rei 1it tera Paves reso essen. ~ oO co — “Mr: es , 1! * C) : - 2s oe oe eee jefeacacenss mbes ; % | t OC ¥ : he i € Sheets—Sheet 6. Patented Mar. 5, 1896. 0. W. SCHWARTZ, Jr. = - =f -s WIRY pdihiag s iv Re ERT AB ORD S * - at J ita ag i : } : 2 : : s -| No.-636,175.. Eg > as > ? “ , « a ae, we ae - z +2 = vo. al aa 4 oN J we Ret ; - 4 - . , . > s “ . (ie Medel.) 3 . . ‘ n %. » i ppd ectpstypng he po apharnctain yr (Ss . Oo 7 asses co Pe, 8) J - ms am “oe Ss x to. ‘ | * » Bee FPO pte Oe , , ] dat oth Shae i ye ae hae . a uy a , wns ' , aw] od } f 9. 4 ee ee eee SSwVveesn wesw rars ree wernt se wcadj on ~ 4 ~~~ - rr Are . » ae PRY + Sad ee Bes 52st - Sie Bae ss ae “tes et “a eieser tates tain new and usef ih + | rs . Se eb ? $0 thegeof, and, third, to xy ay has aA Z ¥ «ged +y ray 2 ‘¢> ‘ ‘ i ae ' 7... 4 pine ore tahiti ‘ i i wet o the ecastets ét suitable 888,175, Qted March 5, 1806. ‘ , ™ ' for the cos ng My in i ali ie ant Heh te rs and effective method ordering tobacco. simple: with perfect ng the leaves i of my invention are, | senti Apptention Gad Brrumber (1804. Gerla Ba 694061 Comal) may COncErR: that lL, CHARLEs W. Scuw. of Ph Beit known _ Jr, citizen whe United and State of Bon for a revbia crushi the coun SFROLFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Wo. o 4 fe . 3 °o e ° « a | ; am a a _% oO z | «€ i ° a © = ~ tal a7 685,175 With reference to Figs. 8 and 4, the f | ratas is ne ot Figs. ; 1 and 3, with the ng exceptions: — rotation fan - | blowing or agitatiég device B’, in the present B. : , instance, is provided with a transverse con- __ _@, ie an opening in emer peruen of said | duit b*, extending substantially the width of .. * rtition a*, for a purpose. to be presently ex- | the housing A, and connected therewith are . ~ longitudinal — conduits b‘,oneach side 75. . | provided with depending perforated pipes d*, ; as clearly illastrated in. Fig. 4. Within the ‘housing A,are mounted two trucks Dand D’, . on rails d’, secured to the floor thereof,and .- with a water tank or trough C, located in a 8 4 central chamber a*,and having a heating coil extending through the tank or trough for not only heating, but also maintaining the water therein ata different temperature from that . of air caused to circulate through the inter- 85 ©. coiled | nal chambers of the housing A, and becom- iag associated with the water to produce a humid atmosphere, for being presented to the tobacso in banch or other form suspended —_ “1 trucks Dand D’,as fully illustrated 90 fn . . U', is a pipe or condait located beneath the roof of the housing on the inside thereof and connected with the rear of the blowing de - vice B’. This Pp or conduit 6’, is provided 95 with a series o nding inlets b*, and at the left hand end thereof is provided a —_ Ss troduced into t % ‘ ded with cross rods i s ‘ for supporting bunchesof D*, there- 500 d’, are rails over which the track is moved yt into and outof the ing A, t a door blo a’, provided in one of the aide or end walls of he seme. - :& Seer | con om maagennst r| : 7o ¥ Uke aL oa : e: Bor ASE at Phe oy an : Te 4 ee . . ; , ‘ ‘ y ° BT ee ee ee ee ; ; : : : ee 2 tei. oS : : 3 E . ; a> 7 “> diane 425 ¥ * e . @ ~ = tet erm s% Pet — " ox Te ae a ‘ rot . . 2 ; i ; Go Pee ee a eer 5 — w Pe oH 3 ~ ge & isp . j re ! sd Y Ae ? te . “ae & : we ’ a . . te . > * * 2 ; i \ \ | provided with depending Derrorareu pry as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4. Within the housing A,are mounted two tracks Dand D’, on rails d’, secured to the floor thereof, and 5 with a water tank or trough C, located in a 8% central chamber a‘,aod havingaheatingooil | extending through the tank ortroughfornot only heating, but also maintaining the water jj therein ats different temperature from that = ‘of air caused to circalate through the inter- &> © coiled | nal chambers of the housing A, and becom- § © ing associated with the water to produce a the | hamid atmosphere, for being presented to the tobacco in bunch or other form suspended tg the trucks Dand D’,as fally illustrated 9o n Fig. . . U’, in a pipe or conduit located beneath the roof of the housing on the inside thereof and connected with the rear of the blowing de- vice B’. This pipe or conduit b’,is provided 95 with a series o nding inlets 6’, and at 30 order the same. the left hand end thereof is provided a la D, is a truck ‘ed to inlet or throat b’, for sucking air into the the chamber a’, provided with cross rods | same deprived of its moistare or hamidi d, forsupporting bunches oftohacco D*, there- | through its absorption by the tobacco and 106 from. ) : which air is also drawn through the series of 35 a’, are rails over which the track it moved | inlets U’, of said conduit_b’, thereby and con- into and out of the housing A, through a door | ducted rearwardly into the blowing device B’, a’, provided in one of the side or end walls of | and by which latter means the air is again the same. conv throngh the transverse condait b’, 105 In the operation of theagperatas of Figs.1 | and then longitudinally and downwardly and &, the air is foreed by pro- | through the perforated depending pipes or conduits 4 and }',in such manner as that resence of thé air of one temperatare — bF,on both sides of rte then in a moreor. © a Pe i. air Into a humid atmos amid | sented by circulation and recireulat tobacco suspead the uf tem ure of air ci teridr of the housing peratare of the heated water ~ it erence aes stead of savin ing A,a series of ding : A 555 y, connected with with & main condait 5%, net og tS J thy +i i a Seated by the arrows in Fig. 5, and in'a more y pr be Of water maintained at a different so temperatare from the air, so that the latter sway effectually absorb the water and thus 6a humid atmosphere for presenting to tobacco supported from the tracks D and D’, in the cham aand a’, which are sepa- ed from each other by means of partitions @ and a”. These partitions are —— ‘with staggered openings, asclearly illustrated t 5. Thecoolingor a #ace for reducing the temperature of - ‘ting air in this instance is in the nature of ® water 4 ag or atomizer c’*, as fally illas- ; -otrated in Figs.5and 6. In other reapects the ¢ =~ Spparatus Is the same as that hereinbefore -ag-felly explained and the devices associated P. ~ With the apparatus operate in the same man- ey Mer as they do with reference to Figs.1 to 4, poset the drawings. ee It will be manifestly obvious to thoseskilled i a es, * ucing the temperature of in this instance is in the natare of or atomizer c’, as fully illas- Sand 6. Inother the same as that hereinbefore explained and the devices associated operate in the same man- do with reference to Figs.1 to 4, oge be manifestly obvious to thoseskilled ge in the art to which my invention appertains ifications as to detaiis construction of the apparatus and ar- t of the devices connected there- may be made, without departing from scope thereof; and hence I do to.be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangements of all the parts of the apparatus as illustrated; but Having thus described the nature and ob- of my invention, what I claim as new, desire to secure by Letters Patent, is— - l, The method of ordering tobacco, which resenting air of one r to water of another reapects the Ay still further m consists in contina temperature in acham 4$ temperature to produce a humid atmosphere, eying the same into the presence of to- baced to effect dampening thereof, and caus- successively the air deprived of its ha- to be revivified a to effect orderin ey as oe pm 2 method of ordering tobacco, which ‘eonsiats in forcing air into the presence of wa- perature differing from the air to therewith by producing a , conveying the same to to- the humidity thereof, ved of its humidity to the water to revivify the same and then with moisture to thereof, sub- again presented g thereof, sub- bacco which conducting the air ting thé air the tebacto, to alleet ordering stantially e¢ described. - 3. The method of ordering tobacco, which in presenting under pressure air of a water of a high tempera- umid atmosphere, 65 low tem ture to create a h refrigera a blowing or forcing devies-for circulating and recirculating air in the path of the water of said tank or trougb, substnatially as and for the purposes described. : ; 7. Ao —— for ordering tobacco, com- prising a housing provided-with two commu- nicating chambers, s blowing or forcing de- vice for circulating and rrr | air, a water tank or trough provided with a heating device, and means for supporting tobacco in said housing, substantially as and for the prising a housing provided with means adapt- ed to contain water and maintain the same at a different temperature from that of the air therein, means for circulatiag and recirculat- ing the air through said housing, and means for supporting tobacco in said housing and subjenting the same to the influence of the generated humid atmosphere therein, sub- stantially as and for the pu described. 9. An apparatus for ordering tobacco, com- prising a housing haying internal means for containing water in one of chambers and a cooling appliance, means for circulating and recirculatiog the air through said housing fn each instagee anterior to its being presented to the water, and means for | supporting t in the other chamber of sald honslug.’ substantially as and for the 10, An apparatus for ordering tobacco, com- prising a housing divided iato internal com- municating chambers haviug openings in the mame: , a water trough or vats with ting means therein, a forcing or blowing bing: ure in the presenve of two Wito CHARLES W. SCHWARTZ, Jn. BLL, reo depen pane gi ae de> eb No, 669,788. = we a ; . Pa =, - 7 —_ - ms, ¥ S| - "ie I = & 4 : Rae; “ ~~? : . 's «t,* ~ a ae . . & Pe . « , . * , aw el A ‘ ~ eae RO . o« 7 , - * i 6K ee a Si ae ir y) = o > = r % s~ z 4 m2 3 eal * » So - & cy > t pe oR 7 A 4 % ¥ df ‘a es , A tat * a aq , te A j % es £ “ ~ et ses te 7 ~~ oF ™~ y. % >) 2 3K. PROOTOR. APPABATUS-POR ORDERING TOBACCO. No. 663,723. > ~ om Ry ae ‘ : ce = ? ~ ? 7 Patented 3 a » Te 5 aa rae a c } re aoe % a : bf ont ee! * ; = ot Ca : ’ ise " hy wa? oat sf “7 eee vee C. ‘ py BY hs tel . ths : A “a? . ’ r >? . ¥ van hie ’ >. . . 7 « 43 ‘2 7, GS PO POs eee. ore 4 “ ae| J ee a Ve th ty a eee Or) ea a oe eees qucebetns 6a €8eSGOSetbOaASTE Ce eeseerey wocwcepooe gore Gace eeee eqns Or ee IE ee ul Dee ewes eee TOOTS Ee TEES ROP TODAS MOMS OE ee. se) eee te ne mo , 7 f} j 3 Sheets—Sheet 3.4 . PROCTOR. APPARATUS FOR ORDERING TOBACCO. ‘ Patented Jan. 28, 1896. 4 K J be] me St ae> PIGAORIC Tet te LT nn tener ance ee inane omens - _ ~ 2 Dl ae ieee weg S| Rp ae Se we ‘ oy ee ee ee are cWEseee ct Sera aeseteeraiaonaatce a1 a : eee eee + ee e+ ee ee — RPDS OMA TO errr «weet &. + * 2 BGR wees mee ee eee e+ — _—— _ $ ~~ = ~- Unitep STATEs To ali whom it may concern: citizen of.the United States, residing at the - ity of Philadelphia, in the county of Phila- Ss deiphia and State of Pennsylvania, have in- vented. certain new and useful Improvements inA tusfor Ordering Tobacco, of which the is a specification. My invention has relation to apparatus for to ordering tobacco. , The principal object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for hastening the order- - “ing of tobacco by preventing any tendency to scorching or scalding thereof, and thereby to 15 rénder the tobacco sweet in taste, and so con- - @ucting the ordering as to permit of the sub- t handling of the same with perfect and without fear of crushing the leaf. My invention consists of an apparatus eo adapted for ordering tobacco, substantially as hereinafter described and claimed. ~The nature and general features of my in- veuifien will be more fully understood from he f description, taken in connec- B wits drawings, form- Tine in which _ wagete 1 is a vertical sectional vie ugh SAepperatus embodying features OT my in- Rand such as in practice have fos iii adapted for the orde of to- 45 et Siding to my invention. 2 is fon the line « x of Fig. 1 with the 3 ‘Temoved; and i. Sea Fig. 3 is a. ‘ . 4 t of | 3 said central 3 ausing the. am : een ay : - ig ite Hite Tarr Ht i +43 | scribed. . F 3 2. An apparatus for ordering tobacco, 9am Sin.* : Ficcen ding tobacco therein, top and bottom d atcaiising and aeiteting sppiian sub- 10 ‘ ; stantially as and for rposes described. “ghambers connected with said central cham- ‘per and in communication with said side © ¢hambers, provided with slatjed bottoms and | i eo ee + ~ 4 ¥ . - oe 7 : z i+ a 4 i : sop * = "ee a * Fs & . : (Wo Mega) 3 Bheets—Sheet £. Q. P. WINKLER. INOUBATOR. No. 286,766. Patented Oot. 16, 1883. Soak EET OD ee ae Mi einai ui SPECIFICATION formizz part of Letters Patent No. 996; " f CHARLES F. WINKLER, OF BAKERSFIELD, CATA a i. ~ INCUBATOR. Application Sled Moy 117, 1078. ae rool, ag in feng: . Soe eee oes ev _s raeally = te te if se int Ors = . un, OF Zo all whom it may concern: Re it known that I, Coarxs F: Wi Teenbviory and I Revehy deckere teeditlonins Inenbator; a ' to be a fall, clear, and exact description there- of. “My invention relates to certain new-and use- ‘fal se stpspig Ea yeaa ioe of —_ -10 employing an v conveyer réceiving and advancing the eggs; and the in- vention consists in novel features of eonstruc- tion and combination of parts, all-as will be hereinafter fully set forth in the 15 Claims hereto annexed. ~ - | The object I have in view in this invention of Bakersfield, county of Kern, State of Cali- is to overcome certain patent difficulties which tah raeteh: . 7 CERSFTELD, CALIFORNIA INCUBATOR. © x i ui of i % rik ae sz : S. * - - 4 + Mi * . “ » . . ss 7 - %, " ‘ . ‘ a oo ~_ ¢€ -. ‘ . a -- 2 4 J ‘ 3 é ‘¢ a ad i ie eal. the: diffenlties which I 70 ; | | aoe Beker . ‘SPECIFICATION formi=z part of Letters Patent Mo. 986,756): Gated: October 16, 1883, . SS Application Sled May 17, 192. Se metal) . ee ee “. eS: Peer oe | : A bpoe | pee f& » is @ perspective view of — ene of its sides remove: 7 286,756 for. On acconntefthe position of the drums the course of the ehains is inclined downwardly to drum B‘. Secured at short intervals in the chains are the tranverse slats ¢, which form a conveyer, a8 I shall ‘explain. These slats are secured to the chains at the le line of their ends, thus making half the width of the slat below and half above the for the reason that in turning around the drams they become o reversed edge for edge. slats travel over flooring D. This may of any per- forated material, wire — ng preferable. to permit ventilation. ia flooring ia in sec- tions, the up piece lying between the 5 drums BB, next between drums PR’ B’, and soon down. Phokepeethen raight ; but the others are bent around the jupper drum of vach, following its curvature to oot gran above its center, in order to receiv guard the eggs when i aie pen around the dram, an¢ to keep them to t ween the slats. The lowest of ‘Ses for -sections opers down upon an. exdiess rier, E, placed iu a traveling over 5 e withi A’, of the main ng A. . 9 I shall now m the operation and ad- vantages of the devices as furan described. In oneend of the machine, , iaadoor, d, another, @, in} its w the former, The con- ~ The length of sof Hg periodical pre- ! ‘from the point ad the # to the point will be covers the z ry teturn rot pods ‘where the con- | the door ¢ to He lowest point, twenty. to twenty- -eight eet at «dvor d to hi Gan Thene time ne ry be turning Hime necen oprenaeae advanecs at one time ix regulated to turn them’ % quarter or a half a turn, as the case may be. J The curved ends of the 'floor-sections DD re- ceive the eggs as they come around the druma, When they reach the bottom the chicks will; have picked the shells, and the eggs muse nog thereafter be turned. This is the object of the horizontal traveling carrier E. This carrie is mivanced at intervals at such a rate that it: may take, say, about three days to reach theg end. The do not roll on the carrier, but’ are advanced. The chicks come out, and are; removed through side doors, a’, while the shell and bad eggs continue, and are discharges through the open end of the extension A’ intel a receptacle, F. The end of the extension ie preferably covered by « fringe, f. It will be observed that the place in which the chicks are hatched is sufficient in area not to t crowded, thereby giving the chicks a faig chance, and they are meen removed fromm the other eggs yet in process fO prevent injargagy to them. I shall now deseribe the means by which } obtain the desired temperature. Over the conveyer, above all its folds ang following its inclination, are the sections ¢ water-jacket G.. These are independent each other, and are suspended at their en@ by means of blocks g, projecting through sle in the casing A, and thescrews g, attached | their lower ends to the blocks g, and passis ‘vertically through suitable holes in the bie yg, Fig. 4. By turning these screws each se tion of water-jacket may be raised or lower independently. The ends of these sections aF curved, where a to follow the cot of the conveyer, and they are preferably pered to their upper ends,-in order to redg@ their thickness und proviue for a greater ¥ tical play in small space. The ends of nections of water-jacket UG - —_— ' cach other by two flexible one jvins the bottoms of eg wekets nee other the ON oe circulat of the hot cold water is ed. Un the machine are the coal-oil stoves H, the boilers I. From the tops of these b of 7 , Fiseue cosine as portio on of sata Abe oljouiaen of cach sectic fer the reason 3 the dr become ‘for edge... There slats travel over flooring D... This may cdnsis x eng ger forated materia}, wire screen being preferable. to permit ventile This flooring is in sec- tions, the upper piece lying between the 5 drumsBB, between drame FP’ B’, and soondown. Thetopsection iastraight ; butthe ‘others are ‘around the jupper droin of vach, fol its curvature fo —_— above ita centér, in to receiv¢ and guard the eggs when traveling around the drum, and to keep them to their places between the slats. The lowest of t flooring-sections opens down upon an. eas perforate: belt or car- rier, E, placed in a horizostal plane, and traveling over réllers e within an extension, A’, of the main ng A. I shal] now explain the operation and ad- vantages of the devices as fur as described. Inoneendof the machine, atitstop, ian door, d, another, d@, in’ its sid ow the former, aml another, @, in its ot end. Tho con- veyer, consisting of the chainsgnd slats, travels downward at certain timer By 1 shall herei r dexcribe.. The length of the helt and the distances of itg periodical pre- yfrension are 80 régulated that: from the point doer @ to the point ‘iif the — teancend will be ; in period covers the ry toturn where the con- © lowest point, otwenty-cight @ at dvor d to About thi ie time o the conveyer l turkey eggs Kaowi the timen at w the con- lvanced its set distance, I am renily race > means which: enone that I obtain horizontal traveling carrier EB. , c is advanced at intervals at such a rate that it) may take, say, about three days to reach the Lend. The. do rot roll on the carrier; bnt are advanced. The chicks come out, and are; removed through side doors, a’, while the shella and bad eggs continue, and are discharged: through the open end of the extension A’ inte§ a receptacle, F. The end of the extension ix; preferably covered by 1 fringe, f. It will bes observed that the place in which the chicks are hatched is sufficient in area not to be crowded, thereby giving the chicks a fairg chance, and they are sufticiently removed fron the other eggs yet in procers to prevent injury: to them. y I shall now describe the meaus by which E obtain the desired temperature. ‘ Over the conveyer, above all its folds and following its inclination, are the sections of water-jackeb (i. These are independent of cach other, and are suspended at their endg by means of blocks gy, projecting through slots in the casing A, and the screws g/, attached a§ their lower ends to the blocks g, and passing ‘vertically through suitable holes in the block yg, Fig. 4. By turning these screws each see tion of water-jacket-may be raised or lowere independently. The ends of these sections curved, where nécexsary, to follow the cou of the conveyer, and they are preferably t pered to their upper ends, in order to reduq their thickness und proviue for a greater ve tical play in small space. The ends of t@ sections of water-jacket G are connected ¥ cach other by two flexible pipes, h.. Of thes one joins the bottoms of the jackets and other the tops, whereby tie free circulat of the hot and cold water 4 uitted. Und the machine are the coal-oil stoves H, havi the boilers [. From the tops of these boil extend flexible pipes ¢to the upper portion te Somes Gee Se ere on of wate } jacket a? Fiex pes OT tHe UOT the boilers with the vortion of said. tions. These connecting: pipew be lexibs permitthe adjustment of cach of @ ter-jacket. It is pera toed of ¥ o . $mity to or farther from the eggs, in order to : idea thecs the beak required ot ttetaserdaas ox the they may be. In like manner, the of one end of « section will 5 for any change in tem which imay be required in the extent of one fold of the conveyer. X is the funnel, throngh which the water-. jacket and boilers are filled. Small holes & c the casing A provide for of ‘air under the perforated floor-sections. Undeér the lower two floor-sec- . tions I have the water-trays K,to provide moisture during the later stages of the s when it is most needed. Over the E, I have a separate water-jacket, L, is counected with the top and bottom ‘ of boiler by pipes 7. The heat of this yk Jsted to give the required ten:peratore during p. the very latest stages of incubation. The require to be cooled about once a ‘day. This I do by the following means: Mounted transversely in the casing over the . bends oF turns in the conveyer, and between ifand the water-jackets, are rollers M, upon which are wound curtains m, of nome kind of . Cloth or fabric. With the edges of these are eonneeted.strings x, which extend over the ‘Copiveyer, and are wound on a shaft, x’, having Derank s*. By winding these strings the cur- tains are unwound amt lic over the eggs, shield- ing them from the heat. When sufficiently sy they are wotml back nyron their rollers. ix done by small cranks N on their ends, 5 thongh I may — them with springs to operate uutomat us ordinary winidow- Pie 4 hbo 2 : ¥ 4 Tshow a poctio of the means by which I cauwe the periodic. advancement of t the es: The vy oy oe ~é a guil- s , projects throngh the side of the a cord, P, wound thereon. it-cur pS & weight, W, which is suf. “ ah the weight of the conveyer and its al conveyer to advance with a 501 ce ys ‘: a ee 286.788 } D, over go for which the slats travel, substahtially as and the purpose herein descri 4. In an isenbafor, the w drams B, B’, Hf, B’, and B‘ having teeth «, the endless chain C C, havilig spaced cross. 95 slats c, and a means for ing said chains and slats, in eausbination | the perforafed floor-nections I, having thei Fr ends con- centric with the drums for distance, © substantially as and for thé parpose herein de- 100 5. In an inewbator, the casing. A, having doors dd @, in combination with the endiew CeR-conyveyer éonsinting uf the endless chains CCand f, peesing Said d means for icing xnid cony tially as and for the purpose herein described. 6. In an inegiator, the drains BD If BB the endiem ¢ ine C C and wpsited slats ¢, and 7% “Nee ae ee “ Pre Powe | i. requ In Fig. 4 I show a poctio of the means by “which J cauxe the periodic:. advancement of | the conveyer. The end of drum 3, or a gad- “ geon thereon, projects through the side of the axing, unl a cord, P, wound thereon. Athi cord is 2 weight, W, which in suf. | 4, Setent, with the weight of the conveyer and its AS 27M, tu cate maid conveyer tv advance with a PR ve motion. Upon-the dram ina ratehet, geek which a pivoted latch, ¢, aan Outer arm of latch is heavy eee ext tooth ofthe ratchet > a nati tion with-the w slats, and mea seribed. oye: Tete . Tn anincgbator. the drapes » ! evices arre aged to give the heat requ: Bay pebotergy “ “ting ab beh ba a ot the: ear a >> Yay YY” ff, %; Ye? ff 4 WM hii isis fj / y Yj / / // — ee ri Ae ts we, oa 3 Su “ > ey I~ t ake > =e er . ~s ; ? (0 Medel.) 7 Bheete—Sheet 4. W. YAN DER HEYDEN. | Feet SANITARY HOUSE. ) No. 604,644. ra Patented Sept. 6, 1893. — Fic-4_ — r G' , i ae ee — &-— — — P Sentenced 4 —_——— --— ———~ -—— — - - a —_— -— _——_ = "ss :— = - = ds all a = = a —s ——s -— oe > —_—_—_— - - is é ee he ie tk a i. 7 « a > a z - 4 > — 7 = eo ‘ty, 4 i. - prekecty . —— wee - bad _- - 2 — pe > VAN DER HEYDEN. ;, ' SANITARY HOUSE. Patented Sept. 6, 1893. 7 Sheete—Sheet 6. if, “~ = ye | Or tee 2 7 St - is oe — » 4 a. * : Pe se Tne a, S ~ oe ‘i » oa ‘~ a ae ‘9 wot . j : 4 . . > , d ‘ . ~ = q ey of ea ee = : “1 ras ~s oy — - —" Fae * Bie z | 5? > «2 ee “e 1086 (He Model.) ? 7 Bheets—Sheet 6 W. VAN DER HEYDEN. SANITARY HOUSE. No. 604,644 Patented Sept. 5, 1893. N NMA, x Bi ee i ¥ |i " VUNG co 7 , a 444) ~ eS SS .* NN 4 -“. &% ~~ a aN hee ‘ . 6, " : Lg No. - . | ) “ s ™ ' * . oot. x , _ 4° 7 oy, MRO NSE es ° : 2: ‘ y 23g 3 eS a r ee J “=, .t4 ae ed - ‘ se - , et “se ‘ i . Fa Se e 4 . = Unirep States Parent Orrice, WILLIAM VAN DER HEYDEN, OF YOKOHAMA; JAPAN. SANITARY HOUSE. SFEOLFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Wo: 604,544, dated September 5, 1908. Application fled December 13, 1892. Serial Be. 454,377. (Be mode) Patented in Eagianll Beptesber 10, 1691, Ho, 16,947, b all whom it concern; & tion of | 1. F 8 iss vertical cross se0- icchesee ines Wenner aor thn tia: Sion teeee ae line @ y of bf ae ne ag »& subject of the King of Holland, resid- £0 @ somewhat later: than PBS- SS Yokohama, in the mpire of Japan, | ure Figs. 4 to Ii are views - nvented certain new and useful Im- | theconstruction sad afrangement her S er in Houses, (for which a patent has | referred to. ; ees. : 10, 1801, No tenet eee reg sey ara 0 reference refer to like ! , No. ») of w ©.| parts in the several figares. 4 rhe af Speetiation: aes y invention I eonstract the snvention refers to the construct : sitnated wader as mer adber rae = 4 PF ety oef dng | ae — so om as ane. ON 3 e ; a tne ie pine o* st, ri . Ng shh . aot ae ~ : t « med : se = e ey rn. &F Ca ween eck rae Me mee wud’ me ¥ é ale eat fled December 13, 1692. Serial Be. 454877. Givi ; ta ate — “Hip ali whem it concern: * Bt . 5 itknows that 1 Witcan vay oie Hay. a ‘Holland, reaid- | bat"Yokohama, in the Empire of Japan,|. we invented certain new. and hele i . “elimwates ac hottest countries, and | “mgdald invention consists of Pcs the 15 walls thereof being composed of boxes of ps — UeB A epastrastion a¢hereinattor described, Trin Heed trans cides of the same form we ey to every. part br. of the dwelling, while the alu- contained by and within the ip of the walls enables an always equal | Reese res 2s eqaai to foduced. It will thus be evident (‘Giimates the introduction of cool i PRG x RSet 6d 4 ‘4 oF at ‘= . § oa ats YEN - = o& Dh Ree, 3 eH esltitel Hl ae i i GMT ests a iit Tey al HH ee ~~ wy Ss ee ' ght of the water, of In some cases if foun‘ at of soa sod otha The Gay and others. The tiers of: one above another) 4 49 fore the dwelling and sap- ‘ported on the steps of the metal colamn, sees *4,d0 not reach up to the glass c the ceiling, the columns being some is thus left between the’ and this f woodwork molding. It is throug isla molding that heated = ma passed, g apparatus into th the ais ay be caused tam e interior thereof through opend# 10 and 11, in the aforesalé various ings may each off if desi for the regulation, x or effiax of the warm air. - C) ine T of the dwelling place e of wood of double thickn . ween being filled with saw F 8 and 9, while in the com ers glaes boxes W, Figs. 1 and 3, similar t@ ose of the walls, are provided to admit lig he ‘tho Deaesbent: “ by cneet entrance to the dwelling place is mad carrying several of the boxes such as cong Boos th the walls, ina hinged iron frame, as { at W’, aed 1 o4 opening from . mca 1 vphanberwi closed by another ord door W?, or in some cases entrance mi y steps and an opening in the flog closed by a trapdoor, althou pment is not shown in t ng wings; in both arrang ments the doors should close air-tight. = we pomatrnetion may be as ab ; In houses constructed as described, the the: sin thiscass 1 orizor terior being closed to the outer atmosphe ve of the Said }: it is of course necessary to provide air, p press- Sere Fareater oe oe ane. werent cords See et attra ee reel of ieee op of the. bys 2 ; LF : cia ut Shae SS ? a wom PE F + oy ve tiem ca a oe ty Np arer me Sue heut Be ie verge o | sith “ps io) Spaeth - : “oom ot “godown” nes Say "8 . * a ’ } st? « ‘Ue og ' ape fd ae ee the 1 onse I provide a structare ’ :pparatas, which stract- apes rag oe goed free I say south-west formed by double walls constracted described; that is to say, of double oases for coutaining liquid, excepting in. cold countries other materials than be emp and the walls may be sad not contain liquid, and thie struct- assume somewhat the form of a tower Ang "> Ee ‘—=- [ igs. 9, 10 and 11, is placed, an iron ”* conveying the smoke through the heating tower R which latter 8 perfectly closed. The air within R and -around the stove ‘becoming . 8 7 Split i, is conducted through snitable pas- , ‘ ; 4 rs v @ under the roof and passes through the maid spaces P in the wooden molding fea into the dwelling, while the tower ge supplied with fresh air by a separate Lax from the well, as at Fig. D4, Figs. 1 “ se . ag . ‘2 “S > 7 : 1" Emeented by the letter R in the drawings, see vie ba 11. Withia this structare when such is em ployed 3 givethis off during the:nig as is shown at d fect; the stove the from the pipe S‘ aforesi into the dwelling pines th : .@ Giagram. ¥ mF: ry uf > 7y¥ of , —_ e : ry . . PY ‘ona ¥ ; ” ey mah tee Raye: from the & dwelling, or the wet oe pat in met ‘from the well of the dwelling plate are closed as tube D*, while thé opening of thi the fioor T which waa previo e some cases where desire cal action of fans or like appt : eayt er. z a 1 ai t¢ .* a} . i . 2 er : = .) ‘ ; : fee? ’ i > - 4 oleh. on pln sae i oat gis | oT py ated ose ie it . a 7. ~~ | —_ ¥ a. s ce : . 5 Cages ‘tor bed; ha bo ny, epting a aye employe of thant mage em ,an d and not eon B liquid, and thie , | p may aarume somewhat te form ofa tower | wae letter R in the drawings, see]. and 11. Withio this stractare ma oe secon 11, is placed, an iton Ft Sa the smoke th e* heating tower R which la #0 perfectly closed. The air within bic wer R and around-the atove becoming g@armed, is conducted through suitable’ pas- foe under the roof and passes through the i VipgE e Soresaid spacee P in the wooden molding vresald a wid into the dwelling, while the tower ”teugh ee 5 Re. Ris ed with fresh air by a separate Sttcriey Pastiaeke EE fark sag 32 a ee m the well, as at Fig. 9, or by a ot the currents Dplag-shown by (BS atrows. x0 ch D*, Figs. 1, 10 and 11, of the pipe D’ : © mentioned coming from the sanueaigs : |-D-in same, this entering at the floor Pe i tower R, Figs. 10 and 11, near the Ae 8 but not communicating with same. air in the tower-R cannot communicate E@ny.. Way with the interior of the stove. y Air to perve for the combustion of the the stove 8, passes through a tabe 8’ B the interior of the dwel having I there for the ewe © ‘the in real oils. 4 its the tube 8’ passi ‘Bog itty | ie of ' ie wel : Ded co ta - 4 ¢ ee “2 cringe? « a ~ : we Ate es ~ ” “= - ot . . Sager a eres =“? ‘Buited States Patent Office. eee eee saaedienimnten : Seemateniimetaeee onan ~ G. F, SCHULZE, OF JANESVILLE, WISCONS Letters Patent No. 101,168, dated March 22, 1810. - ~ The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the A Po te! . 3 . ry} 5 SV er is Pet Venn ee | . * e ‘ ar a Kin, 28 SEE ra ee ime = a z 2 S ea tet oe ° + . = ee ee SY Aes a % wei & Y SS i} » iif iad wt astldeae 1] An Hs a Hine i rH ines a ROGTR : G. F. - - " ’ aca ri ? ae oe ia e : r > dsc Baste. eee _ iv Acai he . A mange, é oe leh 58S i we ry Sy, OR eater, rh ii i : ee fen iti ‘| 3 ~ Conia Hf ld [sap dit tt ot. Bune fiiglet ata aut: TH Enon IR SYSTEM OF EBATING AND VENTILATING. The Schedule referred to is these Letters Patent and making part of the psn of + possesses the pg thre eh Hace rf a ng was by an is ’ ap se common stove, the beat from all witbont in the ‘stove heating and by the radiating sy ee = of a lwliow vertical air-chah{ tee n the room to be beated, for the purpagay | ® constant circulation of beated air fem: througl the spade to be heated,.and, ate lly deprived of its caloric, back to tie: heater to be relieated, continuing indefinitely, in cagy nation with a ventilating process by which the vie sj oesiar sod DEFENDANT 8° EXHIBIT No. 12 Ferm Ke L 3 ‘MO 1367 Engineering Societies Library | Technical World Magazin ERY M. HYDE, Edie ageme Cites for Apel, 1913 Salety By Sancti So anes Jobe Anson Ford = y Cancer May Turn To Human Good . . . Bailey Millard : Ti iachomn re. ee ee A ad 4 eter Of cfiisiomh Conndion somaer, Woaup u INE : ed ‘; Fae i VEL me Bethan. Mew Yon Be ia - en ae ae ee ** . > ‘. é 5 | | } | | 4096 HATCHING CHICKENS} LA Sat ae “ » ow oe > THE OER KUG HATCHERY AT FORT COXXOR. TEXAS The © martable trater: ef thee bethdang is Ke osm alleen ap comtrseted wth its capecit, 4 ERE. in. fore bet was net a success on ace munt «.” Port O'Connor, Texas, a ma- the hot air rising. In the present iy R chine that is capable of turn- stance, this difficulty is overconn by fury: ing out a chicken every twelve tig @ continual current of air froin 4 scenskis fur twenty-four hours centrifugal through the . hatchiny a day. and for three hundred and sixty- chamber, which’ serves to keep it at dn 2: five days in 3 This mammoth even theonghout. Whi 9: hatchery is the of ts type built by this is © an’ item of expense apd the inventor, who was formerly a poultry woukl nut pay with a small machi expert for the Government. It is the in a big plam it ks paid for several thd? second largest latching establishment in over by the saving of the duplication the world, being slightly exceeded im ca- the smal) machines. as well ax by by a at Petalema, Cali- ccommy of the fret and labour. which 165,000 as © One of the unique improvements ; ia against 150,000 ia the Texas machine. the Texas plant isy turning avstenm, by the most remarkable feature which compartments hokling 11,000, ciges of this is the fact that all the eggs arc swung on a and the ooc:y vy ‘ HHT tf Inj HF wi: i} gs aa r iit; ‘itt 1423] | UO ¥: ii i: ai jr iii il ie HBL We ii ie = : q ipa AE Hit iu ni ili HT Ag ‘4 5 fat: 2 ll RH (10: “ U Hite glletetaadts tii ; —e ve I ull iH hee het flan Ss -addd> Hoo capueyo WHELLERGRARPEIBER. 750t0BsoORP mM | Se Se eee ee ae - ‘ 4 _ a =o Ade FEED Sacer AAAS LIVE ff VANES gee yma » omgee ¢ SORES ASMP Ml Pl PPS ~ ~~ cok Dall ~ aco MOOS SSAA AAA, TN SNS SPR, rs ~ | ob SSS — SOS Ln Soo eee TURBVLATOR OR AGITATOR . 2/+220 RPM. 1394 DEFENDANT 8’ EXHIBIT No. 18 C HATCHER FRONT VIEW or DEFENDANT'S INCUBATOR tonten) any SEPARATE HATCHER (vetrew) ELECTRIC MOTOR ~~ = ae TANK ~ I, DOORS- HOLLOW | DOORS ~ HOLL Cw $ : ae es seea = “¥* . ’ “+ a» }+, 4 - 7 + ~~ >* - > *, . *. +6 Sey eS oy ee @ Shh ees ete = ee tg ills - &§ 1G =| 1a] i ie ea 2 6) { ’ a} ’ i. : Ore ° “ ‘ he Pa: . ’ a — " “ Ad fe, iy a ’ 4 . = 3 ‘ : € ®@ : a x) ) , el Ms “ ive ee a DEFENDANT S EXHIBIT No. 20 pay-Oid Citas Admitted to Unricu Sites Farce! Pest : fe geo Ke mag ne : ENTS ACE fic S&S Foed ; :: Stee ee he pe oye Pudi baal li ’ ‘OARRES ROGES o DRAFT CHICK HATCHERY m= — 4744065045284 tit yf | tee : tet 0 a BL 1 epee HASTINGS MECHANICAL i | . | > A , ¢ ; “s P if. f - | , oe Pa X » ; ‘Ee at in . _ my RELIABLE POULTRY JOURNAL s «er mae ~ ASP TELY ive Your Eggs | 3 30 : fer 40 , a Rakes j arate Meee. Aud Sis BANE. .* ° _* 420.88 BBO PEREEV ER CO Bae 6 978) we See S RP. D. i Dope i ara .c ‘ Tcarre = -. ON ot the Siecttpgs Rieger = 7 Ser gi ih = : S s 5 . 5 z He RITE = pric : ee i i tea 7 ; a TAN \ AW A) 0 atl WT HY] 2 @ | BaAA a. = ‘eo ZN \/ eerep | MONS 45 Ra oi MH’! HASTING’S MUSKOGEE HATCHERY 1911-12 | HASTINGS MUSKOGEE HATCHERY 1) \ I9tl-12 FIG. 2. FIG. 55 : Y) F wees aaa | 1402 DEFENDANT 8’ EXHIBIT No. 22 A Cf Yh ron — —_ ~ - 4 ao. we nae set =. e220 aac >. ‘hy o,8,' q wre ont Sesser 222 S222 022 a an ee en eS wae er. ee ee aaee 4%" H * he ne e~in ame . wre Base Sava Praca wi a .tt1s88 a etal BSLV 4H o's e P esvew; PP 2eEae sat wees Ss aes a¢earaeenu asi oe 2 ee 2 at 1 pw oe aw aa rrr ee SLtittse i 2 eset iwses a6 ee seer er aw ® at j - padepern 4 2a weree SBewmwse es ——rrrrgen amx22n222 y 0 be i ’ sae assaeuesz aang oe Vee ee oe : i oe ast. BEawin. tare ee S| abe Heer i ' , —earare Beene re ..t 23s Sri eet p ee wanes | PLIES 2 EEE RT =% H oP at ‘ ee #222066 e@raear. rr et s2..1.428% +a oat 1 we2eerss rae Se Stee 2am 1% es - 1 see Tse ny ‘6 ‘ BLGEses sae set. 2.34. a a a tan cH —— SS aA% tee So i] "4, = 225 ea, 9 °t « ' ewww « rw ° i Het ~. ‘ ‘ 5 _ (> - {* Ly mr : TS’ EXHIBIT No. 22 B DEFENDANT S$’ EXHIBIT No. 2 e ™ > 2 . DEFENDANT S’ EXHIBIT No. 22:0 OEFENOANT S’ EXHIBIT No, 22 E DEFENDANT S’ EXHIBIT Ne, 22 F a ih : Ff lini TE rT i cot at fe ty tapi Ue >» . ‘ x = a ‘ ..* ~~ a ae > > ‘ Ss. : 4 ° > ~ ¢ , “ ae at a TSi> Sie ya s¥-* § 1X. > “ , wes” i ft ie 41> 3: ‘ ° ; , . > * ”~ 4 S , * ant S Se Thee Hi Hat te : Cec EP . 7 S: —" ‘ = ? : > eS ~ ?. ‘ &- af 2 =» 2 ? ¥ > - My . . “ ’ . + J é ~>Ft- . . j ’ a . a* = 3 . ; : M ~ e ¥ ‘ > « we lt hl mi hy He a4sdis nl — 2 i 4 SLATE | st a SadT jsut Ss i at i a8) Pt a rita ; . aid) vt SIT TASTE EMTS ts mr Fab , hours. 7 - at eo ee % > a*’* "+ 9A i ae ma a >) ’ ly * A Rs ‘ —_ - Pie, ). -* ; his a a , Wi oma 7 OTH INCUBATOR OUT-MAMMOTHED =~ ° “ay : ai : ae Mob Vi eal y — , ¥ x r . . > ee at nf Sia: fh ih ii esi i } i ue my sali RE ants re Tt at 7 he tt i a ie rial ie ce TE i i it fearth a 1406 Def. Ex. We.23, pegs 2 if ae it iF i aR i LF i) t m if att tu : +e sd a i ah iui Hib HN ne : | | Si i i bi iv i ill , ; (. or im) xe! HHGIT js zi ta! ret pls oe bh | Mic ad 7 Hid i¢]: cE li B “i i a iy i “angen Farm, Goo. J. Kerr, Mer., mpcionie ror Aad ies i = lane te. tf re a i ae He q fe oe ii: ce DEFENDANT 8° EXHIBIT No. 24 ? Popular Mechanics Magazine 818 WW. Washington Street. Chicago. U.S. A. EDITED BY 1. H. WINDSOR GBUED MONTHLY Ee — ° FE x . . . = se am aT hi , if ai‘? : fr FY : | Ri Mectentes afers ne premiean: dn net juin te“ chiang ete > aoe Gr.” ant tc Fe emt yee 2 a for cate by nearly avery newetuater tn the United Seate ant Canons 1407 Pais aa OT fines vt 7 a el MoS ‘ ie ' Hine rut cP: , Hit afl fit Hi wath | sity fe ohheabe ee : a oa] eee aya, aah a met artis 1%, ial aan “% electrical hatchery at hod of or growth aid of electric light. / 7, x One of the most in Cex is the met ry es ‘r, N = Zz Deere aes mannan | eee ae S EXHIBIT No. 2B ELECTRICAL WORLD. Jecy #, 19t2. i | E live three electric days in this *~% _ mh dag and the four-week-old s ’ inventer of the hatchery, thus runs his chicks at neayly 100 per cent load-factor. i HEE Ae a THAN A Ll a Hee i i ee 2 fe eae tl at 112] eae 1411) Devenpants’ Exurarr No. 26 Gow item is the Hickox Album called for as a physical hibit but Exhibits 26-A, 26-B, 26-C, 26-D, 26-E, 26-F, and , are excerpts from that album.) Derenpants’ Exursrt No. 26-A re Visitors of the Oklahoma State Poultry show for 1911, when in Muskogee, had an opportunity to visit Muskogee’s 590,000 egg incubator. The hatchery is itself a building, and “the attendants and visitors do not look into the incubator— enter.it. It is a low, brick building about twenty feet 2, such as could conveniently house about eight of largest size old-style incubators, which would give a pacity for hatching about 3,000 eggs. Under this. roof can be hatched 60,000 eggs at one time, hough accommodations for 30,000 are now all that are fed. The full 60,000 capacity can be ready for work, yer, upon a few days’ notice. The large capacity is by superimposing twenty trays, one above the r, 80 that 5000 eggs fill a single chamber measuring bout 2 by 4 by 4 feet. Figures 5 and 7 show how these ‘s : mbers are constructed arid how the trays are set in. a the hatching begins, alternate trays are fitted with high h sides which will require two compartments for the gal hatching out of the twenty trays incubated in one wempartment. Figure 4 shows the attendant removing the “ ed chicks from one of the hatching trays. sane big idea in the hatching business is to get cheap ; and space economy, such as this mammoth ineuba- thy slong with the low cost of equipment, will tend i. 1412] to not only produce cheap ey but more and stronger ones. EJt ig.a very simple idea, that of placing the trays one ove the other, and like all other simple ideas it has been i before, but failed to work on account of the fact that hard to heat up such a large mass of eggs and main- ‘fhe temperature constant at all points. This was over- », however, by the use of an electrical centrifugal fan, mich drives a blast of warm air through the mass of eggs 49-36 1122 from top of bottom and heats the entire mass of eggs (or cools it) at the will of the operator. The amount of mois. ture in the air is governed by the moisture introduced at the fan; as is shown in Figure 2. Upon entering the hatchery we are firat taken into a smal] ante room, as shown in Figure 1. The natural gas line which furnishes the gas for heat is shown on the wall and passes through a mercurial float valve, which is auto- matically controlled by the thermostat of home-made con- struction. This thermostat is set to operate at a desired temperature so as to close off the gas when the room be- comes too hot. There are two other such arrangements on the same line, one of which is shown on figure 6. These are merely to check each other, so as to insure the gas being - shut off when the temperature rises, and make a positive prevention against ruining many valuable eggs. The man in the picture is Mr. Hastings, inventor and builder of the hatchery. This is the process of testing the eggs for fer- tility. The ante room contains a compartment, shown in figure © 2, in which is placed the ventilating fan, the life of the in- [fol. 1413] cubator. Outside air can’ be admitted to this compartment whenever necessary. This also shows the pan‘ of water underneath the fan, to keep the moisture m the air at the right amount. This fan is supplied by cen- tral station service, and the owner of the incubator keeps a duplicate on hand at all times to immediately put in place should a break-down occur. As a stoppage of ventilation would make it necessary to throw away all the eggs in the incubator and start over ogain, it will be seen that the de pendability of the central station service is the biggest point of the whole process. From here we enter the main incubator, in which the temperature is always kept at 100 degrees. The attendant will be seen in figure 3 pulling out trays of eggs for turm ing, which is déne three times a day by hand. In this run way the first experiments in forcing chicks by aid of @ tungsten lamp were carried on. By a special time swi light was furnished the baby chicks for eight hours, a 6 watt tungsten lamp being used, and then their light wa shut off.for eight hours. 3 It has often been said that nature is not everywhere p@ z fect, and in this case it is found possible for the bemme 1128 chicks to live three electric days in two ordinary sunshine days, as the chick can fill its craw very easily in the eight hours of light, so its digestive organs perform their func- ' tions in less time than eight hours.. Under the ordinary way of brooding chicks it can thus be seen that there is eight hours out of the twenty-four that the chick is idle, or to express it electrically, the load factor is 66%. We are always striving for business. at a high load factor, so {fol. 1414] you can readily see that our fr.vad Hasting runs his chicks at nearly 100% load factor, thus resulting in an efficiency so increased that the electric chick f ar weeks old by far out-weighs his (or her) brother or sister brooded in the old way at 66% load factor. The following article taken verbatim from the columns of the Muskogee-Times- Democrat of February 26 contains a true story of some of the strange actions of the four-weeks old electric chick, when he (or she) first sees the light of day: Electric Light Chickens “Miss Kilowatt Ampere Whiteleghorn has made her, or _ his, according to the point of view as they all look alike in the first stages, anyhow, appearance in Muskogee. Miss Whiteleghorn is a chicken and she is named from her, or his, mother, Mrs. Kilowatt Ampere. She, or he, was hatched under electric light in the new Hastings 30,000 | ery on Third Street, just north of the Hinton is tre. . He, or she, has hundreds of little brothers andgsisters, * and a few of them were sent out to citivens as samples of what a mother hen cannot do. They have reached the stage ‘Where they are known as squab broilers, not because they were born near the Hinton Theatre, but because they are a different breed from stage broilers. ; _. They had never seen the light of day before being sent “Out, and to say that they were bewildered is putting it ‘Mildly. They are electric broilers pure and simple, and ‘Wed to the Great White Way. “#0. 1415] One citizen put him in the cellar where there _ Was no electric light and where the light of day was the Maly thing in the way of radiance. The chick went around Mie a hen with its head cut off, and protested in all kinds ge shicken talk as forcibly as.a chicken can protest. As gageeeult the owner of the house turned on the electric light. 1124 The chick gave a series of delighted cheeps, tucked hi her, head under his, or her, wing and dropped off peacegi to sleep. Who says a chicken hasn’t sense?’’ : To profit by the free advertising brought forth ar keep it in the ‘‘psychological’’ stage the writer had accompanying cartoon drawn up, which was run in 6p furnished free by the editor, Figure 4 shows Mr. Hastings removing the ha chicks from one of the hatching trays. Figure 5 show tray of eggs as they look when put into the hatch Figure 6 shows another of the thermostatic gas mere float valves. The arrow in this picture points to the hog made thermostat which makes contact in a cup of mere Figure 7 shows a tray of chicks just coming out, ang top of picture can be seen the vents out of which come air driven by forced circulation. Mr. Hastings intends build a million egg hatchery and carry out his experimeg on a larger scale. His present ventures have all prov profitable, and there is no doubt that all of his future p include the use of the convenient natural gas supply af also of central station electricity for power and the bre ing of chicks. | , : ~ DEFENDANT S’ EXHIBIT No. 4126 DEFENDANT 8 EXHIBIT No. 26 C Ga * ‘ Sn a te ine SET CN = ® : co) ‘Largest Chicken Hate I ° | ; In the ere in sta a ' il, hit: itt de tt il i itl vi ij ‘ ea i ist iy 3 i vals ' at ili ihe ih sia ik hie Han ib ia ii i if ra a a i ae i oe DEFENDANT 8’ EXHIBIT No. @ F DEFENDANT S’ EXHIBIT No. 26G 1422 A DEFENDANT 8° EXHIBIT No. 33 DEF Ext 33 ELECTRIC MOTOR ma | __| VERTICAL LONGITUDINAL SECTIONAL VIEW oF DEFENDANT'S INCUBATOR. WRRARARS | | i =z > ~ Ae im __ IMPELLER on AIRFEEDER . |] 750 20860 RPM. a 4 Lhhhdhdddidhdeds : 34 DEFENDANT 8° EXHIBIT No. ‘APUO8-OF2 “VALULIOW NOUAIVIAgAL } ance ‘ A Ld —_ eemaerene MOTION -woee | ‘WIUOPCOFOSL °NIdIIs-WIV OUTTA NWd U2LUMA . _ NV Wale woLoW 21419713-+— ‘YOLVGNINI S LNVONTIIE “°NOLLDIS-SSOUD TYDLLMIA wo th mt 5 { Hi tern deen end retest | i | ui ii i Ht metre hee red ewer vase 6 00 bards 8 peared of steed ome Hike Daagereghuers cad) of Puts barthchitng « rere oi! aed onderwag the ertars mill i ‘ fli ith ul tsheen. Prices ere lower. Profit margins have beerduced. Most hatch- ertes are faced with this problem —co stay tn business they must producer ® Newer hes iz been co necesmry 00 stop the leaks in business, Competition better quality chick or produce them for less moncy. Undouberdly, your archers “es cemk se Whar can you do to stop them! Read on and see Rat i hal j ) % Taner H iE eS HY ¥ ks ith : ens 5 eres peat oat i i ‘i iW i capri ago cna earner eran Ne RET mt omis emuagprememene at Se ne en ee (Sh Rent a tn Sane Ree et meant A S948TH INCUBATOR NEVER . ee ee af etch whiked: va sew tho Sifheremas tetwper rere HAR AE hilil Seemed bet ome se efi ctbeer comet ; t a it a “EQ IW BINS *aepan Sead. Qs te cdeemgebe aoe qm cm ue hi! i Hy Ai Ha van ee i DEFENDANT & EXHIBIT No. 87 1424 Drip, drip, drip—jest look how your profits can gradually seep away during the season. No big louses, perhaps, bur when thedest box of chicks is shipped and you look back on the season's operations, you wonder why you haven't amade a cent Soeme of the reasons arr shown on this page. Stacy them Then curn the page and read how you can Cightce wp and mop these exprasive, moncytomny leaks ~ eee TOn Work hard all season— day and night— you are not getting anywhere Drip, drip, drip—just look how your profits can gradually seep away , during the season. No big loses, perhaps, but when the last box of chicks is shipped and you look back'on the scason’s operations, you wonder why you haven't made a cent. Some of the reasons are shown on this page. Study them. Then turn the page and read how you can tighten up and stop these expensive, moncy-losing leaks. | West Have Tes Sacpemutee Leal. TOO MANY REPLACEME ee Senn Machine «here is @ capectty to ft your nesde Down pies the Cost of Producing d When a Smith Incubator is Usec r Prices Tumble In addition to the production of the last word in efficient incubation, Smith prices have been drastical- ly reduced in conformity with the trend toward lower costs. Never before in the history of the trade has it been possible to buy the quality, the efficiency, the skilled engineering developments or the different egg capacities now possible to obtain in a Smith Incubator. The prices on Smith machines include prepaid freight and frée installation. You owe it to r future success in the hatchery thotoughly 77 Re’ v~ aS Phe by Poor Equipment You have seen marry hardworking haccherymen leber day and night through the esason. and came cut then most medernm tecybstore row vil! they provers ¢ answer to many © hatcherymen's financial trouble lies in up-to-date Smith Machines. ceapetion with Senin equigaent, and the enly way vo axeqeutulty enact euch competition lo eo install’ e iene «Sensi sacttvme grechacse = Setter Dated Senith Mechine—there ie « capecity to ft your needs. er gerd prestteces @ st ¢ kava onet gary ciate Thertdare Prices Tumble In addition to the production of the last word in efficient incubation, Smith prices have been drastical- ly reduced in conformity with the trend toward lower costs. Never before in the history of the trade has it been possible to buy the quality, the efficiency, the skilled engineering developments or the different egg capacities now possible to obtain in a Smith Incubator. The. prices om Saiith machines include prepaid freight and free installation. You owe it to yourself—your future success in the hatchery businese—to thoroughly investigate the new Smith machines. — ” f ( Talk Over Your Problems With « Smith Ropresentativ« Féel free to talk over your haschery problems with a Smith man. You will act be under obligution in any way, and you are sure t leern mech of interes end value to Ewery Senith man is a thoroughly experienced mon im the heechery Geld What he ’ or advises“may be followed with confidence He is keeping in constant touch with dewebcpmmemes, med bie dwt: ce ie every Cmee Demet on oemcthce Innowrhedkge umd Owr men have jum remermed so cheir cerritovies after a week's comerence in mech of iemerent to the hetcheryunan wae diecated by cur man trom eff I iH i i | it i 2 Saath sen vill call so ces pou at MAE commends. | THE SMITH INCUBATOR CO. . . . Clev ris Here! 2 a the Cost Producing Chicks on a Smith Incubator is Used few ot at seme This is Ne Time te Try to Make : Unprofitable Equipmen: >. c of Uncubation i nk ee re _— 4 oe Se eed Pee | = Me Meme tee a tees, infection (eget beets © eatin BD Bare ee wine Proved Dametroc: Flext of Onlin Chet, o Mathine = | ——-—. ~~~. | Sateen Peentlip, And | S=SSTSS | ee Reape Phe eae: 7 -4 H's... ww Read Why the 18-Day Test Ten Reduce the Percentage of Hg aN nate me tee the tain vo nape teen oe Sm ee ee ee et ee en ee “pe Ppwlas —— et ete a Seago =F eo = ow ete aseane pote apt “See SS ee ei. oe — fee te oe eee + Oe - ww F __ ed —_— ee oo oe You Get a Better Percentage of Hatch—Proved by Years of R 1428 aa - “se 1139 ‘a {fol. 1429] Derexpants’ Exxuisit No. 39 | (Letterhead of) > The ‘Smith Incubator Company,’ 3108 West 121st Street, ‘ Clevelatid, Ohio a . October, 1930. - Dear HatcHEeRYMAN: = The accompanying new catalog describes the Smith in- se cubator. It is sent so that you may become familiar with ' the important improvements in this yeaf’s models—both F steam and electric. These improvements are listed on ea Page 23. =a ‘That it is only in Smith incubators that you +e can positively control the proper balance of temperature and moisture, so necessary to the production of big, strong, livable chicks. That fumigation to check the spread of B.W.D. during the hatching period is now recommended by many government authori- ties. It is a simple matter to fumigate Smith incubators in an efficient, practical and easy manner. That the purchase price includes prepaid Freight charges and the free erection of Smith machines in your hatchery. That Smith Service is the greatest and finest co-operation in the hatchery industry. This service is freely given without charge. It will aid in making your hatchery business profitable and successful. Om ew K SS & BSB. FB | Read the story of Smith installations that starts on Page / 10. This chapter, showing the purchases of Smiths year » [fol. 1430] after year by the foremost commercial hatchery- we men, pictures better than words can tell the well-known fact that Smith operators are successful and make money. / If you are planning on increasing your incubator capacity | or replacing old or unsatisfactory equipment, give us the 50—36 1140 opportunity of further explaining Smith incubators to ye We shall be glad to do this without any dbligation. Qj of our representatives is near you. Very truly yours, The Smith Incubator Compay (Signed) C. R. Jenney. CRJ :-LFC. (Here follows one photo, side folio 1431) SMITH'S CHICKAGRAMS Science of Incubation Makes op * Incubation has just recently found its “seven-league boots.” For lant Stri es (housands of eggs were hatched in the same old way in incubators uti Se ae anne Se occurred up until ee on methods in the past fifteen years have not only revolutionized poultry production but have notable for the scientific facts that have beer brought te light Since 1922 The Saxith Incubator Company haye led the (eld in the production of the highest type of incubeter equipment. Since that time they have also constantly carried on research in incubation methods under the derection of experts. To Mr. Joseph |. Taggert and Mr. T. 8. Townsley goes the credit for as original and important scientific research work as has been made in any industry. Uneatisfied with outworn ideas. these two men have shattered precedents and gotten down to “brass tacks” on incubation. Nothing was taken for Each step wes checked carefully in the laboratory and in colisberation with experts’ from educational and other felis. The ideas then were tested in the final crucible—actua) Katchery operation. e e Their first discovery was the relation of moisture content of the air in the 1 dit imcubstor to the percentage of chicks Katched and their health The exact umi y degrees of temperature were determined for bes: results. Scientific instru- ments for the determination of humidity were made a standard part of Smith equipment. and a definite method of moisture control installed. This work. naturally, led to the next step THE CORRELATION OF f eset erates om ae a a The disease of bacillary white Giarrhes offered an ever-increasing hal hearted ia tj eR RE OT TOC es f § i] fl -f ii! bat 5 jt 1431 DEFENDANT 8° EXHIBIT No. 42 SMITH’'S CHICKAGRAMS The First Ten Days— Page Taree on a temperature of its own, and, by the twentieth day it may be two to three degrees watmer than the incu- bator After ok Ly h. @wenced by the the a7 ten tt edup to thts tT / a H i f $ i : il : 'F stg y, (fols. 1432 & 1433] Derenvants’ Exuisir No. 43 _ This contract executed in duplicate. Settlement Agreement Between Samuel B. Smith and the Buckeyé Incubator Manufacturing Company This Agreement, made and entered into this second day . of March, 1933, between Samuel B. Smith, of Cleveland, Ohio (hereinafter called ‘‘Smith’’), party of the first part, and The Buckeye Incubator Manufacturing Company, an Ohio corporation (hereinafter called ‘‘Buckeye’’), party of the second part, Witnesseth : Samuel B. Smith and The Buckeye Incubator Company, an Ohio corporation, entered into a written agreement, dated April 29, 1927, whereby Smith granted to said The Buckeye Incubator Company the right to manufacture and sell incubators and incubating units of the capacity speci- fied in said agreement under United States Patents Nos. 1262860, 1263138 and 1543130, and Canadian Patents Nos. 217777 and 217778, which patents were each and all owned and are still owned by Smith; and which said agreement has been assigned and is now owned by The Buckeye Incv- bator Manufacturing Company, party of the second part hereto. A controversy has arisen between said Smith and Buckeye relating to the manufacture by Buckeye of a sepa rate hatcher, which, when it is used in conjunction or com- bination with an ineubator or incubating unit covered by the (fol. 1434] Smith patents, Smith claims is a violation of the contract and license of April 29, 1927. The parties are desirous of settling said controversy and all other claims now existing by each against the other, and for the purpose of settling said controversy have agreed and do hereby mutually agree as follows: 1. Said Smith agrees that the separate hatcher, as a dis- tinct unit, as defined in the next succeeding paragraph herein, heretofore and now being manufactured by Buck- eye and sold te the trade by The Buckeye Incubator Com- pany, a Delaware corporation, the sales company for Buck- eye, is not covered by any of the terms or specifications of aby patents heretofore granted to said Smith by the United Government and the Dominion of Canada, and.espe- cially United States Patents Nos. 1262860, 1263138 and 1142 1543130, and Canadian Patents Nos. 217777 and 217778, and that the separate hatcher as a distinct unit, as defined herein, does not iygfringe any of the claims of said patents, and this paragraph applies to said separate hatcher, whether used with an éncubator or incubating unit manufac. tured under any of the for ‘ng patents, or used inde- pently of any such incubato. . incubating unit. The term ‘‘separate hatcher’’ is hereby agreed to mean a cabinet capable of maintaining a proper temperature and moisture condition wherein the eggs are all in one stage of incubation and to which the eggs from an incubator or incubating unit are transferred when it is no longer neces- sary to turn them. It is understood and agreed that in the event any person, (fol. 1435] firm or corporation other than Buckeye and/or The Buckeye Incubator Company makes, uses or sells a separate hatcher which said Smith feels could be used in conjunction or combination with an incubator or incubating unit and which said Smith feels infringes said United States Patents Nos. 1262860, 1263138 and 1543130, and- said Canadian Patents Nos. 217777 and 217778, said Smith shall have the right to and shall prosecute all such. in- fringers, shall pay all the expenses of such prosecution, and shall receive al} recoveries therefrom, in which prose- eution Buckeye shali render all necessary assistance at the expense of said Smith. 2. Buckeye has heretofore failed to pay royalties upon incubators and/or incubating units manufactured by it which Smith claims are covered by patents owned by him hereinbefore described. Buckeye hereby agrees to pay to Smith the sum of Forty-five Theusand Forty-one Dollars and Fifty-seven Cents ($45,041.57), in full payment of all royalties accrued on said incubators and/or incubating units so shipped by it up to and including December 31, 1932, said payments to be made to said Smith by Buckeye on the following dates and in the following amounts, the same to be evidenced by separate promissory notes ex- ecuted by Buckeye as of January 1, 1933, bearing interest at the rate of six (6) per cent. per annum from said date: March 20, 1933 April 20, 1933 May 20, 1933 June 20, 1933 " [fol. 1436] July 20, 1933 August 20, 1933 September 20, 1933 October 20, 1933 November: 20, 19338 December 20, 1933 January 20, 1934 February 20, 1934 March 20, 1934 April 20, 1934 May 20, 1934 June 20, 1934 July 20, 1934 August 20, 1934 September 20, 1934 October 20, 1934 November 20, 1934 December 20, 1934 January 20, 1935 February 20, 1935 March 20, 1935 April 20, 1935 May 20, 1935 June 20, 1935 July 20, 1935 1143 2000.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250:00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 2000.00 2000.00 2000.00 2000.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 1250.00 2000.00 2000.00 2000.00 1791.57 In the event Buckeye shall at any tirne fail to pay the sums aforesaid as set forth herein on their due dates, this contract,apd the contract of April 29, 1927, shall be termi- nated at the election of said Smith in the manner set forth in paragraph 1, section 6 (entitled ‘‘Default’’) of the con- tract of April 39, 1927. : The scale of royalties for all incubators and/or incu- bating units manufactured under said Smith patents here- (fol. 1437] inbefore referred to, and the capacities of all such incubators and/or incubating units sold and shipped from January 1, 1933, shall be the same as now in force and as set forth in said contract of April 29, 1927, and the provisions pertaining to the payment of said royalties shall be the same as therein set forth, ‘it being expressly understood and agreed between the parties that the pay- ment of said Forty-five Thousand Forty-one Dollars and Fifty-seven Cents ($45,041.57) is for accrued royalties on incubators and/or incubating units sold and shipped by 1144 Buckeye up to and including December 31, 1932. In the case of any such incubators and/or incubating units which have been sold prior to January 1, 1933, but are not shipped until or after January 1, 1933, the scale of royalties as set forth in the contract of April 29, 1927, shall apply and be paid. 3. This agreement having been entered into for the pur- pose of mutually settling any pending controversies be- tween the parties hereto, Smith hereby releases Buckeye and The Buckeye Incubator Company, and Buckeye hereby releases Smith, The Smith Incubator Company and The Smith Incubator Manufactuging Company from all claims for damages, actions, causes of action of whatsoever kind and nature, and- particularly for violatien of all prior or existing contracts or infringements, excepting only said payment by Buckeye of accrued royalties as hereinbefore set forth, in the sum of Forty-five Thousand Forty-one Dol- lars/and Fifty-seven Cents ($45,041.57), on the dates set forth in paragraph 2 hereof, and Smith and Buckeye far. ther release any and all claims against any customers of [fol. 1438] the other, except-claims which Smith may have based on unauthorized structural changes made by any customer. It is intended hereby, and Buckeye does release said Smith, The Smith Incubator Company and The Smith In- cubator Manufacturing Company from all claims for dam- ages, actions or es of action of every kind and descrip tion arising from OF out of ‘the sale, resale or acceptance in trade of Buckeye incubators and/or incubating units by ~ said Smith, The Smith Incubator Company and The Smith Incubator: Manufacturing Company. It is hereby further mutually agreed between the parties hereto that Buckeye and/or The Buckeye Incubator Com- pany may accept in trade and resell Smith incubators, and Smith; The Smith Incubator Company and/or The Smith Incubator Manufacturing Company may accept in trade and resell Buckeye incubators from this date, both parties agreeing that this right will exist to each and all of the parties named in this paragraph from this date until the expiration of the Smith patents previously referred to herein. fe 4. Smith and Buckeye agree that they will cause the suit now pending in the United States District Court for tht. - yo4 1145 Northern District of Ohio, Eastern Division, No. 4022 In Equity, to be marked ‘‘Settled and Dismissed without cost,’’ it being expressly agreed herein that each party will pay its own costs and expenses incurred by said suit. 5. This agreement herewith incorporates the provisions set forth in the contract and license of April 29, 1927, the (fol. 1439] same as if said provisions were fully rewritten herein, and in no way alters or changes any of the pro- visions or conditions of that contract, except 2s specifically - provided herein. 6. This agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the heirs, administrators, executors, trustees, successors and assigns of the part [Text truncated at 120,000 characters. The full text is on the page linked above.] --- Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/brief%3Amicro_IA40386010_0179%3A00. Public record. Not legal advice.