# Appendix — Sakraida v. Ag Pro, Inc. > Briefs, arguments, decisions, and more. URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/brief%3Amicro_IA40385003_0752%3A03 ## Record - **Collection:** Supreme Court brief - **Document type:** Appendix - **Published:** January 1, 1976 - **Citation:** 425 U.S. 273 ## Text Susie Court, U. .&. FILED } JAN 5 1976 ' SUPPLEMENTAL APPENDIX | MICHAEL RODAK, JR., CLERK ' eee fe i2 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 SQ /i- | SLU y & —--— a \ me aE = .s. Eo im * S and L* an ry ¢ @ * © ae Pe #03 —_ — Sn 101 fo *. 102 OONALO JOSEPH GRIBBLE HENRY E. BENNETT Fig. 10 INVENTORS. ” frames P Whack ~ WMarhcce 13. United States Patent Office 3,223,070 Patented Dec. 14, 1965 1 3,223,070 DAINY ESLABLISEEMIENT Donald Joseph Gribble and Henry FB. Bennett, Sonta Rosa, Calif., assignors to AG Pro Inc. Santa Rosa, Calif., a corporation of California Filed Nov. 5, 1963, Ser. No. 321,612 3 Claims, (Cl 11¢—16) This invention relites to method and equipment for care and maintenance of domestiated food-producing animals. While the invention in partcularly apphecable to the care and maintenance of milk-producing cows. and will be described in relition io the construction of a dairy barn and core of cows. tf is uppheame to other domesticated animal .. Ever since man domesticated avimals, their cure and maintenance has involved a crest .mownt of hand Libor, particularly in the case of milk producing animals such as cows which are hept for perils of time in a born. It is recoenized today that in onder to achieve optimum results in milk production, cows must be properly fed and cared for and milked wader strictly sanitury condi- tions. The removal of cow offal fiom 4a barn is as mech of a task today as it was in ancient tenes. In order to “produce good, sweet milk, it ix important that there be no accumulations of cow manure and urine in the born because milk readily absorbs oders directly ay well as through the respiratory system of the cows. Purther- more, accumulations of manure m the usual piles or la- geons employed im connection wih doiry Operations are vinonious and highly unsanitary. They ore breeding grounds, for flies, mosquitoes and all forms of pests as well as a prime source of Water Comlumination. Soepare and runoff from moerure accemelitions, contaminoete sur face as well as subsurface water supphes. Acconding to a feature of our invention, thy ix completely elinvinuied and cow offal is continuously removed from a barn and put into condition for expeditions use as fertilizer. Under known duirying techniques cows ate maan'vined, when the weather permits, in pausiures near the nvik az barn and ate periodically brought into the burn for the purpose of milking word then returned to pasture. Move- ment of cows betwcen pasture and barn is time con- sunung and entails considerable mon hours. Permitting Cows [0 graze a pasture ty not the most efficient way of feeding them. When cows ate turned loose in wu Masture, they graze it unevenly, trample mweh of the feed. and the manner in which their mromure is deposited on the ground destroys the feed with which i comes in contac: and deesn't do the ground much good. Furthermere, flies and other undesiraMe pests are attracted to the area. From the foregoing. it will be appreciated that a given fiell will produce more and better food if the feed is removed therefrom and fed to te cows rather than per- nitung them to graze The object of the present invention is to prow le a really completely sanitary doory svstem whieh produces uniformly high-quality milk im erester quantties per Gow than heretofore produced uf seostuatially lower cout and with much greater cose to the prostecer, The object of the invention is achieved by maintaining a herd of duiry cows under controlled, sanitary conditions. Pasturing of cows is completely climinoted. ‘The cows are maintained in a large bara having various areas in which the cows fest, cat, and are milked on a controlled cycheal schedule. Cows are hnown to be creatures of habit and they readily adapt thonselses to movine at the desired times from one area te another. Substuntia! hand labor amd man hours are eben natet by keeping the cows relatively confined and the qeomtey aed quality of their milk is markedly enhanced. 14. 20 10 os 60 65 2 According to a feature of the present invention, the areas in which the cows are confined are so constructed that they cum be portotically Mushed clean by water which ts collected and utilized thereafter. Some of the wasie products which accumulate on the floor of a dairy barn are monure, urine, feed, stall bedding material, and milk. All of this waste is removed by the flushing water ard formed into a tertiliver slurry which may be applied by stntalte sprinkler irrigation mechanism to the fields sur- rounding the born. The slurry is diluted to un extent that there is no ebjectionsble oder and flies and other peMs are Not attracted. There is littl fertilizer value lors because the slurry is apphed while still relatively fresh to the soil in a condition in which it can be easily ab- sorbed. An app!cation of slurry to a field may be fol- lowed by an apple tion of clear water which will wash out the sprinkler system: and clean the foliage in a field. Much greater soil productivity is thereby achieved and teed, os well as other agricultural products, can be pro- duced in greater ond better quantity. If desirable, it is alo posible to transport the slurry by tank cars or trucks to lvcations remote from the barn for use as fertilizer. According to a feature of the invention, the areas over which the cows are free to roam in the barn are of a hard- paved surface, such as concrete, and are on a Slight angle so ws tO permit ciainage in a desired direction into collecting tanks. Wiater-dispensing means ire so constructed and positioned that they can be automatically natenited at predetermined times to release relutively laree quontites of water for washing the barn floors. The Wash water is collected for subsequent fertilizer use, as pPrevious'¥ mentioned. According to another feature of the invention, the rest stally of the coms are constructed so that a cow's body can comfortably fit in th > stall, but cow offal is deposited outside the stull on the concrete floor which is flushed. According to still another feature of the invertion, just before a cow moses into milking position, the cow's wider and surrounding areas, such as flanks and lower rear lees are Washed clean. The cow is also stimulated for easier and quicker milking. In this process, the cow's vatder is subjected to a spray of warm water and thereafter primed for milking. This stimulates the cow to let her milk down and immediately thereafter the cow is milked. A cow which is milked according to the method of the invention not only produces more and betier milk, but wkder damace and mastitis are materially reduced and the peril of time over which a cow will be productive is iMncreased, According to stll another feature of the invention, the cows just prior to milking puss through a series of sta!'s havine gates which are operated by the movement of the cows whereby cach cow will be in a milking station ata desired time and in optimum milking condition. These and other features of the invention will be ex- Plained in greater detail in conjunction with the drawings, in which: Pls. tis a schematic top plan view of a dairy instal- lation in aesondorce with the present invention; Pii. 2 ts seetton on the lines 2—2 of FIG. 1, show- Ny cows standing in resting stalls; 1G. 3 is a top plan view of a cow lying down in a resting stall: 11G. 4 i a side elevation of a water-dispensing dump tank sccording to the invention; 1 1G. S iy an enlarged top plan view of the milking area of the barn of FIG. 4; biG. © is aw section on lines 6—6 of FIG. 5. showing a Bute, PMs 7 is a section on lines 7--7 of FIG. 6, showing mounins of control rod amd pate; 3,223,070 3 FIG. & is a ton plan view of « portion of the front gate and spray-washing mechannm of the washing stall of FIG. 5: FIG. 9 is a sikle clevation partly in section of & portion of the cov solding arco. dam in lowered position, and crowding mechoninm: FIG. 10 iy an enlarged side clevation partly in section of a portion of FIG. 9%, showing the dam in raised posi- tion: and FIG. 19 is an enlarced side elevation partly in section on fines 191 —BP of FIG. 10, showong a venter) connection, Referting to BIG. 1, there is penerally indaoted at 10 a building enclosure of barn which is divided inte various areas. Milking wing If has a cow-holling area 12 in which cows are confined just prior to milking. The cows are maintained in groups or units indicated at A, B.C, D in FIG. 1. The cows from a particular grown are milked together and the milking times of the \arious groups may be arranged so as to provide for a convenient schedule of milking the cows wnd cleansing of the various areas of the barn. Each cow has her own stall 13 within a resting area 14 that corresponds with her particular group. Each resting area opens on to a central transfer or roaming area 18 and feeding areas 16. Gates 18a control movement of the cows from the rest and feeding areas into the transfer area. The cows are not confined to their stalls and are free to move between rest and feeding areas as they desire. This will, of course, usually be when feed is made available to them in the manner about to be described. Feed-storage silos 17 are connected by suitable me- chanically driven and controlled conveyer means 18 to feed troughs 19 in feeding areas 16. Mechanism 18 may be adjusted to deliver the amount, type, and frequency of feed desired to troughs 19 If desired. each Slo can he filled with » different type of feed which is Metered in predetermined amounts to the sutomatic comseyer mechanism which deposits it in the feed trough where it is freely accessible to the cows. It will be appreciated that the number of groups of Cows, as well as the number of cows in cach group, can be varied and the construction of the barn will be appro- Priately adjusted. All of the floor area of ihe barn over which cows are permitted to walk is covered by « relatively smooth, hard surface, such as concrete, which will sutisfactoril, with- stand repeated washings. The floors are sloped so ax to Permit drainage towards grate 20 of a fertilizer recovery and utilization system, generally indicated at 21. A uni- form slope of the barn floors at a rate of around three feet per hundred fect has been found to he satisfactory. As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, cach of the Cow-resting stalls 13 is defined by a front wall 22, Side-Jividing and cross members 23, 24, and floor 25 which is raised above the level of alley floor 26. The length and width of a stall 13 is such that a milking cow of a particular breed can comfes... ly accommudtate herself in a stall in either standing or lying position. Commercially operated dairies usually milk only cows of a particular breed whose sizes do not vary materially. However, if for any reason st is necessary to accommodate cows of varying sizes and dimensions, the stalls can be varied by use of a movable Meckboar! 28 on sloped guide rails 29 whereby the hourd may be adjusted depending on the length and heigh! of a particular cow. The important consileration in cither case is that the size of the stall is such that all cow offs! falls outside the stall and is deposited in alley 26, which is sloped as previously mentioned. The cows are pre: vented from turning in their stalls and their bedding 27 remains clean and dry and off of the floor arcas subjected to water flushing, as hereinafter describe’, At the uphill end of coch alley 26, moons for rele, ine a relatively large amount of woter to Mus) the alleys lean are provided. The water-releasing means may .on- veniently take the form of dump tanks 30 (FIG. 4), 15. 30 4 50 70 73 4 comprising a liree water-holding container 31 pivotally supported at emher end oa stub shafts 32 suitably mounted on frames 23 resting on alley floor 26. Shock absorbers 34 aie CoMMested by cramks 3S to shafts 32. Coun er- weight 6 wo monnted on the back side of container M Advstalte retera stops 37 are mornted on either end of container JE and adayed te enrage the frame 33 to pos- wn the tank un upright potion, Water-inlet how 38% js connected at ore end to the tank and af another end to water-comtral mean, J9 which may be adjusted Jepend- mg On the desived cote of woter flow on the tank, When container 3b is tilled abowe lime $0. the tank lips forward! and dumps a sheet of w ster 42 on the oor, ‘Te empty lank is returned to upright position by the counterwenght for refilling, Mt will be appreciated that a tark may be adjusted automaticulty to release desired amounts of flushing water on a cyclicol avis, such as every four hours. Turning now to the milking wing, as seen best in FIGS. Pant S$. four mithing station stalls 48, 484, 48¢, 48d are positioned around a pit 46. Inside the pit an Operator Stimds and applies connections from the automatic milk- Mz Machines (not shown) to the cows. Fach milking Mall has a pair of air-operated gates 47, 48 which are comroiiod by the operator through suitable control mech- anim (net shown). When ererated. the Lutes swing open fo 4a position shown in dotted lines in FIG. S, permitting a cow which has been milked to leave the stall and the AEX! cow to be milked to enter the stall. Water sprays 44 continuously sproy water en the floor in the milking Stalls in order continuously to remove spilled milk ond wy cow offsl Immediately behind milking stalls 48a amt $87 there are two milk stimulation stalls 49, 49h, cach having sprays $0 for directing Warm water or warm dryinz at aevinst the udder and surrounding areas of a cow stondins in the stall A fool bow $9 i, provided at the formant end of each sinertation Mall into which through sutomatic mesons (not shown), a Prevetermined amount of fecd ix placed in the box each ume a cow comes in the stall. Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, there will be explained the construction and operation of gate $2 in siall 49% which is similar to the other Ur-operated gates emploved in the other stall, in the nvthing aiea. Post $3 of gute $2 is hineed at 84 to Post F35 of the stall. Cylinder §6 mounted on rail $7 is connected by piston $8 to gate $2. Air ‘lines $9 are connected at one end to c\linder 56 ant at the other end (not shown) to actuating means controlled by opening of gates 47. $8 of milking stalls 450, 43d. whereby when one of those milking stalls is ‘Fee. pate $2 opens and a cow within stall 49/ ix free to enter the open milking stall, Control rod 60 is pivotally mounted at 61 on post $5 at the front of the stall and operated by the cow as she leaves the stall. Back enJ 62 of rod 60 is ad ipted to engage plunger 63 of air lines 64 which control closing of gate $2 behind the cow and OPENS a gate 63 permitting a cow to puss from washing “Mull 70 into whichever of stalls 49) or 49) is open A cow enters washing sta! 70 throuch gates 71 flanked by guide rails 72 when the gues are opened under con. trol of cate 48 of a milking stall Orening. A», a cow Moves into stall 7@, she ene ree, a control rod 73 in the Mall that actuates spray heads 74 Positioned in the floor of the sts! 10 eject a spray of water that will wash the udder and surrounding ares. of the cow standing in the Mall, Heads 74 are turned off when gate 78 of the stall opens 10 permit a cow to leove the washing stall. Referring to FIG. 8, mechonivm for controlling spray heads 74 is shown. Cylinver 76 is mounted on post 7 of the stall. Piston 78 of the cylinder is connected at 79 to gute 78. Operston of piston 78 ix hy air lines 80 which are controlled by opemng of gates 68. When suite 78 is in closed! position shown in dotted lines, it eneaces plunger 81 permitting water to pass through conduit 82 3,223,070 5 to heads 74. Opening of gute 78 disengages plunger 81 and shuts off water to heads 74. When the cows are ready for milking, they will natu- rally congregate in the milking arca. In order to expedite their movement through the outking stations and segregate the cows who are to he milked, there ts provided in hold- ing area 12 which leads into the milking area, a crowding device generally indicated ot 8S (FIG. 9) one-half of which is shown, the other half being the same. Rollers 86 ride along top rail 87 on cither site of the holding ares. “Tramsverse rails 8B cucoad hetwcen cach half of the crowding device and are connected to one end of lever 89 which is pivotally mounted at 96 to side plate 91 hanging from wheels 86. A weight 92 is provided at the other end of lever 89. When the lever is pushed down, roils 88 are swung up permitting cows to pass underneath. When the cows are all inside the rails, they are lowered an! as it is desired to move cows through holding area 12 in the direction of dashed arrow nes (FIG. §), the crowding device is moved forwarntly in the direction of the solid arrow (FIG. 9) by pulling cable 83. A stop 84 is positioned at the end of rail 87 to limit backward movement of the crowding device. The cows will one at a time then proceed throuch the washing, milk stimula- tion, and milking stalls in the direction of the dotted arrows (FIG. $). Once a cow has been milked, she will leave the milking area of her own volition down cow- return alleys 93 to area 1S, and to her stall or feeding area. The system of gates and rails will prevent her from mingling with cows in the holding area awaiting milking. Near the juncture of holding area 12 and transfer-roam- ing area 18, a dam 94 is provided for controlling flow of flushing water from the milking area. Floor 98 of the milking urea slopes into area 18 which slopes toward grate 20 at about a pitch of F in 100", Warter-retaining walls 96 cxtend along cither side of the holding arca. Wings 97 extend from one end of walls 96 to site wally 98 of the milking wing and dam 94 evtends between the other two ends of the water-retaining walls. The dam comprises a steel plate 100 (FIGS. 9. 10) which at 101 is hinged to a channel iron 102 embedded in floor 9S. A sheet of tough rubber-like material 103 prevents leak- age of water between the plite and channel! ond along the sides when the dam is raised as shown in 1IG. 10. A catch 104 on post 108 holds the dam closed when it is in raised position. When the catch is released, the dam is free to fall flat on the floor, as shown in BIG. 9. ht is in the latter position while a group of cows are passing into the holding area preparatory to milking. Once al! the cows are confined in area 12, the dom is raised to retain flushing water coming in the milking area. Water behind the dam may rise up to line 106. After a group of cows have been milked, dam 94 is dropped and a relatively large volume of water is released into area 1S which is thereby cleansed. It will be seen from the foregoing that all of the water which is used to flush the floors of the barn drains to- ward grate 20 which is so constructed as to permit the water and entrapped offal to collect in tank 110 of the fertilizer recovery and utilization system (FIG. 1). Tank 110 may convenicnt!y be placed underground and an agitator 291 in the tank mixes the water and offal inte a slurry. Pump 912 and pope 013 pass the slurry through a dewatering device 114 from which excess water ts te- moved, and through a grinder 11S which grinds al! large solids, feed, rest stall bedding material, ete. to a sive small enough to pass through a sprinkler. The result- ing slurry is maintained in another storage tank 116 hav- ing agitators I1f therein. When ferthzer slurry iv de- sired, pump 117 pumps it from the tank into pipes 118, 119 connected to sprinklers 120 in the fields adhwoining the barn. There is also connected to pipe 119 a source of clean water and pump 121 which pumps water onder pressure into Pressure tamk 122 16. 10 15 20 40 45 65 70 Referring to FIG. 11, there is shown one way—ventiiri action—of passing slurry through the sprinkler system. At the juncture of pipes 118, 119 there is a coupling 123 und a restricted orifice 124 in pipe 118. Slurry under pressure pases through orifice 124 where it is mired with clean water under pressure from tank 122 and nroves in the divection of the arrows to the sprinklers. In place of the venturi a high presure centrifugal or other sui- able type of pump could be used in the system ht will he appreciated that the amount and mixture of fertilizer slurry can be controlled as desired. Also, after fertilizer slurry has been deposited in the fields, clean water can be sent through the pipes in order to wash them out and any fertilizer remaining on the foliige. In this way the fertilizer is washed into the ground, and there are no obnoxious odors or attraction for flies and other pests. If, in the winter or at other times, it is not desired to fertilize the adjvining fickis, the storage tunks may be emptied into tank cars or the like for transportation of the fertilizer to other areas where it may be utilized. It will be noted from the foregoing description of the invention that personnel to operate a dairy barn have been greatly reduced from that normally employed and that the cows to a great extent have been left free to move of their own volition. It has been found that cows are creatures of habit and learn a routine quickly, par- ticularly where it is to their comfort and advantave. Cows therefore lend themselves readily to the desired cyclical movements from one area to another at the de- sired times with a minimum of human effort. While the system has been explained with respect to specific embodiments of the invention, it will be appre- ciated by those skilled in the art that various chanves may be made in the consiruction without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent: 1. A dairy barn for cows and the like including a smooth, evenly contoured paved surface forming a floor providing a walking surface for cows in the barn, drvin means for draining wash water from such floor opening to the top of the fluor, said smooth, evenly contoured sur- face which forms such floor sloping toward said drain means whereby wash water discharged on the floor may be collected and disposed of throuch said drain means, suid burn further including multiple rest areas with in- dividual stalls for cach cow and with each of said stalls having a bottom which is also of smooth pavement, but which is disposed at an elevation above the paved sur- fave forming the Moor, suid stalls being dimensioned so that a cow can comfortably stand of lie in the stall, but offal from the cow falls outside the stall bottem and onto the floor providing the walking surface in the bara. suid barn further including defined feeding areas having feeding troughs with means for discharging feed to the troughs, a cow-holJing area, a milking area and a trans- fer wtea all bottomed with the walking surface forming snd Hoor in the barn, and Noor-washing means for wash- ing the Noor providing the walking surface in the ba where said floor bottoms said feeding, holding, milking and transfer areas operable to send wash water flowing over the floor with such water washing any cow offal thereon inte said drain means, said floor-washing means incleshing Meany located over a region of said Noor which is uphill from said drain means constructed to collect water as a pool above said floor and operable after such collection of water as a pool to disperse the water as a sheet of water over said Nour. 2. The barn of claim 1, wherein said floor-washing means comprises a water Cump tank disposed above the floor, and a mounting for tie tank including means where- by the same may be tipped thereby to allow the contents of the tank to escape abruptly from adjacent the top of the tank and to cascade onio the floor to form a sheet of water thereon. ~——_— oe ee ny “ — + qe pee 3,223,070 7 3. The barn of claim 1, wherein suid Noor-washing means comprises a dam for damning ond collecting water as a pool directly on the floor, wnd such dam is abruptly openable to send such water as u sheet over the floor to- ward said drain means. References Cited hy the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENIS 1,968 S64 7/1974 = Liks. 1,981,417 1171934 Kreutzer .........--- 119-16 1.981.418 11/1934 Kreutzer -......--... 119-16 2,081,947 6/1937 McCormack ...----.- 119-16 X 2.233.70R SIGE Bagett ccccccccccccce 11916 2,294,781 9/1942 Ingraham .....--..- 119—27 X 13 2,691,389 10/1954 Anstiss .......------- 119—20 °? 17. 8 FOREIGN PATENTS 1.246.418 10/1960) France. 914.649 1/1963) Great Britain. OTHER REFLRENCES Cattle Shelters and Equipment for South Carolina, Fx- tension Agricultural Engineering Handbook No. 2, Dec. 1988, pp. 21 and 26. The Way Cows Will be Milked on Your Farm “To- ly morrow,” Babson Kros., Dairy Research Service, 195%, p. 13. SAMUEL KOREN, Primary Examiner. HUGH R. CHAMBLFF, ALDRICH F. MEDBFRY, Examiners. I NNNANAAAS I BASASSSAL } 1,968,564 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 JIS sf Pa esa TTORNEYS K. LUKS MILKING APPARATUS Filed March 17, 1928 GIFD LI eh hh hd ddidididididdades LAda 19. FIT ih A ddididihhdh July 31, 1934. ly — eS a WAANARARRARRAAAAAARRAARARARRRRRRSBERERESSSLSSSSS US wee CTI +5 RNR Se oye pr age te: uP Per power ae, + eho Dit 5 TOE ArT 7 Se hs oO 4 9 wo ° a if tor) oO z > a - : z = z 5 v 4 2% = 4 2 x 4 es) @ g § 4 F . ai ee Ses ; - m en tee pat nn NE i eee romrs 33 ¢ | Sa i a a ee “vz s “ : m7: ° iZ SOA: Y ~ tA 6 2 65 Z ZZ ; Es Z ZV | ae | y Cr. | F w//m ye INVENTO BY, —%) sien oot J53 te ATTORNEYS : as 21. Patented July 31, 1934 UNITED STATES 1,968,564 PATENT OFFICE 1,968,564 MILKING APPARATUS Kraemer Luks. Towaco, N. J., aasignor, by mesne assignments, to Walker-Gordon Laboratory Company, Inc., Plainsboro, N. J., a corporation of Delaware Application March 17, 21 Claims. This invention relates to apparatus for milking cows and contemplates the provision of means whereby a system may be established for the movement of animals seriatim from their barns 8 and for subjecting them in sequence to all the op- erations incidental to hygienic milking while the cows are traveling on a moving platform. Another object is to provide means whereby the cows file from their barns, walk successively 10 into position on a moving platform, remain in said position on the platform during all the opera- tions, and then successively step off the platform upon arriving at a given position and file back to their barns. 18 Another object consists in providing such an apparatus in which the traveling platform moves in an endless path, supports devices for perform- ing certain of the operations. and successively passes stations at which are located devices ap- 20 propriate for the performance of others of the operations, the said devices being arranged in such sequence as to require the correct succession of the operations, and being located at such dis- tances apart as to allow the correct amount of 25 time for each operation before any given anime! reaches the succeeding station. Another object consists in providing such an apparatus in which the moving platform is an- nular in form and the stations for certain of the operating devices are located around its outside circumference, while its inner circumference {Is employed for the exit of the animals and for the location of any such complementary struc- ture as may be desirable. This arrangement 35 allows adequate room for the operating devices because the outside circumference is, of course, much greater than the inside, and it also facili- tates the said operations because of the relatively slow linear speed of the outside circumference at any given R. P. M. Another object is to provide such an apparatus which has the capacity for handling a large num- ber of animals and yet is comparatively compact 45 and simple in construction. Another object consists tn providing such an apparatus in which suitable relatively movable connections are established between the parts of the operating devices on the moving platform and 60 the parts on immovable supports surrounding the platform so as to enable proper cooperative func- tioning of the said parts. A further object consists in providing certain improvements in the form, construction and ar- 55 rangement of the several parts of the apparatus 40 22. 1928, Serial No. 262,389 (CL 31—58) whereby the above named and other objects may effectively be attained. A practical embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents a broken diagrammatic view 60 of a plant, Ulustrating a location of the cow barns and the milking apparatus suitable for carrying out the desired system. Fig. 2 represents a diagrammatic view of the moving platforin and certain connected parts. 65 Pig. 3 represents a section taken in the plane of the line LI—ITI of Pig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows, and including certain parts not shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents an enlarged detail section 70 taken substantially in the plane of the line IV—IV of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 represents a detail section taken in the plane of the line V—V of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrows. 76 Fig. 6 represents an enlarged deiail section, on the same scale as Fig. 4, taken substantially in the plane of the line VI—VI of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows. Pig. 7 represents a section taken in the plane 80 of the line VII—VII of Pig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing certain parts more completely. The general system followed in the individual application of my inventiqn may be a matter 85 of substantial importance and, in order better to visualize the same, reference may be had to Fig. 1 in which the general lay-out is diagrammati- cally represented. Two series of barns are marked 1, 2. The building in which my improved appa- 90 ratus may be housed is indicated by 3, and an endiess walkway for the cows is marked 4. This walkway is arranged so as to meet with the up- per level of the apparatus at the ingress point denoted by 5, and to leave on the same level at 95 the egress point marked €, and then be depressed and pass under the apparatus, as indicated in dotted lines, until it rejoins the main walkway at the normal level thereof. The arrows on the walkway denote the path of travel of the ani- 100 mals, and it will, of course, be understood that they file in sequence from the barns 1 and 2 for the milking operation. and return to the same thereafter, in accordance with the predetermined system under which the plant is operated. 105 The moving platform is denoted generally by 7, and it preferably takes the form of an annulus fitted to be supported in a suitable depression formed in the foundations of the building for housing the apparatus. The said platform or 110 70 75 2 1,968,564 turntable may have a cementitious surface 8 sup- ported on metallic or other suitable flooring 9 carried by angle iron or other appropriate beams 10. The said beams 10 are radially disposed at suitable intervals around the platform 7 and their inner and outer ends are riveted to and supported by channel girders 11, 12, that are suitably curved so as to conform to the shape of the platform. A pair of concentric rails or tracks 13, 14, are secured to the under sides of the beams 10 by suitable clamping devices 15. 16, and the said rails are designed to rest upon two concentric series of wheels 17, 18, ‘see Fig. 3) which are properly mounted in order to constitute means for supporting and permitting rotary travel of the platform 7. The said rails may be ordinary railroad rails and the wheels similar to railroad car wheels. Series of journals 19, 20, carry the wheels 17. 18-and are themselves mounted on supports 21, 22, which may conveniently be composed of re- inforced concrete. Two of the wheels 17, preferably diametrically opposed, are positively driven from motors 23, through suitable connections of conventional formn. The driving of the said wheels 17 serves to rotate the platform 7 at desired speed. I find @ peripheral speed of the outside circumference of the platform amounting to twelve feet per minute to be satisfactory. In order to prevent slippage between the wheels and rail in the drive, it is desirable to have the journals 19 yieldingly mounted in any well known or approved form. Such mounting may also be provided for the journals 29 that carry the wheels 18, if desired. The upper surface of the platform 7 has a se- ries of radially disposed divisions which are marked 24. In the present instance 40 of these are shown, and they may conveniently be com- posed of hollow iron piping suitably fixed on the cementitious surface 8. The said devices are spaced apart at such distance as to establish between each contiguous pair a stall for a cow. so that forty cows can be accommodated at one time on the platform. It will, of course, be ciear that this number may be increased or decreased by varying the size of the apparatus Each of the said devices 24 constitutes a means of support for a suitable milking machine in- tended to be operative during a portion of the time the animals are being transported on the platfoizi. The said milking machine is illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings but, as it constitutes no part of my invention and is described in a co- pending application of Cyrus H. Hapgood, Serial Number 262,337 filed of even date herewith. the same will not be herein described other than to note that the teat cups are indicated by 25. the connecting tubes for operating them by 26, a puisator pipe by 27, a vacuum pipe by 28, and the milk pall by 29. The apparatus also includes a series of iron piping frames 30 which have their outer ends mounted on the foundation exterior to the plat- form, as indicated at 31, and their inner ends fastened, as at 32, to a wall 33. or other struc- ture located within the inner circumference of the platform. The said frames 30 ure suitably positioned and are calculated to carry actuating devices 34, 35, 36. 37, for the milking machines, all as shown and described in said co-pending application of Cyrus H. Hapgood. As these ar- 23. piping 41 to a main pipe 42 which is connected in any practicable way with the vacuum pipe 28 85 of the milking machine. It is intended to use only one of the motors and connected devices at time, the second being supplied in order to elimi- nate interruption in the operation in case of breakdown. Valves 43, 43, in the branch pipes 90 41, 41, enable either exhaust pump to be con- nected with the main pipe 42. Pipe extensions 44. 44, from the pulsators, may be united with a on the traveling platform and before milking 100 devices 24 and located near the outer circum-~- ference of the platform. Each stand pipe has an overhanging spray head 46 with a pair of nozzles 105 47, and a lower spray head 48 with a pair of nozzles 49. The said pipes are connected at their lower ends with a water main 50 that is circularly formed and carried by straps 51 bemeath the radially disposed beams 10. The said water main 119 50 is supplied with water under pressure through a pipe 52 connected with a pump 53 that is hung in a sling 54 fixed to the under side of the plat- form. The said pump communicates by a pipe 55 with a circular trough 56 that is carried in 415 brackets 57 bolted or otherwise secured to the beams 10. A supply pipe 58 from a suitable source leads into the trough 56 and the flow of water therefrom into the trough is governed by a float valve 59 similar to the common float valve usually 129 employed in flush tanks. This arrangement pro- vides for maintaining a predetermined leve! of water in the trough 56 and allows for relative movement of the trough and supply pipe during the rotation of the platform 7. The pump 53 425 may be driven from a motor 60 mounted in the same sling 54. The actuation of the spray nozzles 47, 49, is governed by a valve 61, which is provided with a lever 62 normally urged upwardly by @ re- 130 tractile spring 63. A shoe 64 ts carried by a bracket 65 fast to the foundation surrounding the platform and provided with upwardly curved ends, as clearly shown in Fig. 7. The said shoe is designed to contact with rollers 66 on the lower 435 ends of the levers 62 and to depress the said levers against the action of the springs 63 in order to open the valves 61 and permit the water to be sprayed from the nozzles 47, 49. “The length of the shoe 64 determines the extent of the period 149 of spray. All the previously mentioned motors are pro- vided with power through three poles 67 that have shoes 68 at their upper ends which run on wire rings 69 carried om the under side of the 1:5 platform 7. and communicating by suitable con- nections. generally indicated by 70, with the motors. It may be desirable to have additional sprays playing upon the rear of the animal, and, to this 15¢ “i 4) 73 end, I have provided three spray heads 71 located on the foundation at a desired point contiguous to the outer periphery of the platform 7. These may be operated manually by any suitable form of valve construction, and serve to contact with por- tions of the anima! not effectively reached by the sprays 47 and 49. For the purpose of drying the animals follow- ing the spraying, a hot air hood 72 supplied from a suitable source of hot air 73 by a blower 74 is located on the foundation at a predetermined point adjacent the outer circumference of the platform 7. The said drying means is represented diagrammatically in Fig. 2 and may be of any well known or approved construction. The exit walkway for the animals, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, is more fully represented. as to its construction, in Fig. 3, and may consist of reinforced concrete supports 75 flanked by walls or rails 76 with occasional uprights 77 hav- ing cross heads 78. The walls, of course, guide the animals, and the uprights and cross heads prevent disorder. The surface immediately exterior to the outer circumference of the platform 7 has a gutter 79 formed therein with drain pipes 80 at intervals for the escape of the wash water and refuse. The said gutter is furnished at its inner edge with an upstanding guard 81 that cooperates with a de- pending flap 82 on channe! beam 12 to prevent any splashing or seepage of the drain water from the gutter into the space beneath the platform. The diagrammatic view represented in Fig. 2 is marked to indicate the successive operations and the proportional period of time allowed for each. When the apparatus is in use, an animal steps from the walkway 4 onto the traveliftg plat- form in the position indicated by the dotted figure of a cow shown ai 83 in Fig. 2. The platform Is, at that time, moving in the direction of the ar- row indicated thereupon. Promptiy after the animal reaches this position on the platform. the sprays come into operation and cleanse the ani- ma] during the period of time marked “Spray wash” on Fig. 2. which is indicated as being 63 seconds. Following this the animal may be washed with a brush manually for a period of 42 seconds. Thereafter the hot air drying takes place for u period of 183 seconds. When the dry- ing has been completed there is a manual fore- milking which is indicated to be completed with- in 42 seconds. Thereafter the operator attaches the teat cups 25 of the milking machine and is allowed 21 seconds for doing so. The milking ma- chine is intended to be in operation for a period of 300 seconds, and then an operator is allowed 21 seconds for detaching the teat cups. Follow- ing thi> there is a manual! stripping in order to compl ce the milking operation, and this is in- tended to be accomplished in 63 seconds. At the end of the stripping operation the cow has reached the point of egress into the walkway indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. and as this point is reached, the stall in which the animal is standing comes in coincidence with an open- ing 84 in the wall structure 33 and the cow. as is its wont, immediately steps throuch the said opening into the walkway. The description which has just been given with respect to a single animal takes place with each animal in succession, and it will be under- stood that there is a continuous procession of the cows filing onto the moving platform, into the successive stalls, and off the platform into the walkway. Thus, from the time each cow leaves 24. its barn until it returns thereto, there is a con- stant movement in a given direction so that the whole purpose is accomplished by systematic progression from the barn through the milking operations and others incidental! thereto and back to the barn. without any reversal or confusion of movement. The periods allowed for the various operations are practicable and suitable but they are, of course, variable in accordance with in- dividual judgment and the exigencies of any particular plant. Following the milking step, in cry case, the milk pails may be emptied into suit- able receptacies and the output from each animal weighed and recorded as described, for instance, in the said co-r-nding application of Cyrus H. Hapgood. The disclosure of my invention herein set forth involves, also, a disclosure of other novel subject matter not my invention and which forms subject matter of the said co-pending application of Cyrus H. Hapgood. It will be understood that various changes may be resorted to in the form, constructién and ar- rangement of the several parts and in the periods of operation without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; hence, I do not intend to be limited to the details herein shown and described except as they may be included in the claims. What I claim is: 1. Apparatus designed for milking the animals of a group in succession, said apparatus compris- ing, a movable platform, means for actuating the same, means enabling the ingress of the animals to the platform and their egress therefrom, and means for milking the animals while on the plat- form and moving from the point of ingress to the point of egress. 2. Apparatus designed for milking and treat- ing the animals of a group in succession, said apparatus comprising. a movable platform, means for actuating the same, means enabling the in- gress of the animals to the platform and their egress therefrom, and means for milking and means for treating the animals while on the plat- form and moving from the point of ingress to the point of egress. 3. Apparatus designed for milking and treat- ing the animals of a group in succession, said ap- paratus comprising, a movable platform, means for actuating the same. means enabling the ingress of the animals to the platform and their egress therefrom, and means for milking and means for treating the animals while on the platform and moving from the point of ingress to the point of egress, part of said last named means being carried by the platform and part being mounted adjacent the platform. 4. Apparatus designed for milking the animals of a group in succession, said apparatus compris- ing. an endless movable platform, means for actuating the same. means enabling the ingress of the animals to the platform and their egress therefrom. and means for milking the animals while on the platform and moving from the point of ingress to the pomt of egress. . 5. Apparatus designed for milking and treating the animals of a group in succession, said appara- tus comprising, an endless movable platform, ‘means for actuating the same, means enabling the ingress of the animals to the platform and their egress therefrom, and means for milking and means for treating the animals while on-the platform and moving from the point of ingress to the point of egress. 116 140 145 180 ST oP AU 46. 4a of See eS aa ae hte iit tt al i a te: He HTT jetta al 3 z : 8 g E . said point of ingress being at of the platform and said point of egress side of the platform, and « to the point of ingress and away under the platform. Apparatus designed for milking and treating animals of a group in succession, said ap- paratus comprising, a movable platform, means for actuating the same, means enabling the in- gress of the animalstothe platform and their egress therefrom, and means for milking and means for treating the animals while on the platform and moving from the point of ingress to the point of egress, said point of ingress being at one side of the platform and said point of egress being at side of the platform, and a walkway leading to the point of ingress and away from the point of egress and passing both over and under the platform. 9. Apparatus designed for milking and treating the animals of « group in succession, said ap- peratus comprising, a movable platform, means for actuating the same, means enabling the in- gress of the animals to the platform and their ges Hi Q i . z E i S$ 4 3 ing, an endless movable platform, means for actu- ating the same, means enabling the ingress of the and a walkway leading to the point of ingress and away from the point of egress and passing both over and under the platform. 13. Apparatus designed for milking the animals of a group in succession, said apparatus compris- ing, a movable platform, means for actuating the same, means enabling the ingress of the animals to the platform and their egress there- from, and means for milking the animals while on the platform and moving from the point of ingress to the point of egress, said point of ingress being at one side of the platform and said point of egress being at the other side of the plat- form, a walkway leading to the point of ingress and away from the point of egress and passing both over and under the platform, and shelters for the animals spaced from the platform and connected in circuit with said walkway. side of the platform ing at the other side of the platform, a walkway being carried by the platform and part being mounted adjacent the platform, said point of ingress being at one side of the platform and said point of egress being at the other side of the platform, a walkway leading to the point of ingress and away from the point of egress and passing both over and under the platform, and shelters for the animals spaced from the plat- 105 e . Sd. Fe VG ae ok > . s= Ys > : =‘ -- a. % 5 - : & t ) e & ~ & eo : & \ “ N ge Es eo 3 \ ala, = 5&3 we 5 z = e = . 8 S § — & 2 8 &@ &8 8 8&8 8 8 . 4 pe a i i MH Hi i He tee LEE i i a nul a3 — He i: : — se ara a acds ‘33% i & HEE Ar jit DM PSHE I Leal ‘ uy faligiarieay ajiail Hn a tt HIE ie HLH rf HUH | aia bea WE itil fig alien + bun if Punt aah Doe pies Linerithins — ee Nov. 20, 1934. F. J. KREUTZER 1,961,417 Nov. 20, 1934. F. J. KREUTZER 1,981,417 SBINED AND APPARATUS FER STERIND AED SLSPENSIND YEND MPTHOD AND APPARATUS POR STORING AND DISPENSINO PEED Filed Oct. 10, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 10, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 Sey) 22 137 29 aN ai . TRS 28 7 | : 1 Tes y ; + $ 5 23 % 129. , z —_ ' 10 ) ly 24 , HM Co ween | - B52 SOOVWY 4 | 26 *& oF Bis ‘tne y > y e wy TT” » / ? J . = \ : 7 A INVENTOR. ait ) my) : * a be INVENTOR. FREDERIC J. KREVTZER. | Sot } ld ; of - FREDERIC J. KREUTZER. ° } “‘- T , ! +y ; } y RY A BYyW A Z~s | un f 20 #2 Az Je len Z ATTORNEYS. , Pn ae 136 AE TORNEYS 137 29. 28. Nov. 20, 1934. F. J. KREUTZER 1,981,417 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STORING AND DISPENSING PEED Filed Oct. 10, 1932 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 / . ~ 1G L104 . 4 / 77a "5 5 ae if ! le on TRE QNOEWNO LASS ° ~ MN) debt “Wh Tt r t 3: . N her 1 a 1 4h y, 3S & Sw \ ii af eR x A We 114 tl hy, ~ ‘ ~~ ; } | ls \) erie nm ® ee kc een ema eer 4 S oy) ih oii! ' ! 4? PRN | Ra a y a HD pa (ae r YAR e We Ble 2 I Sy o8l8\g 3B 2} riz ° ~ $ Ss fh : ggss T ! Wee tf) U 4 x* J 1! + y “Wy tS bes De : ' S Sy Bee SS/ /8 : tg ee > » wie porte - a) i nw 1) REC SE He : NZ i F ~ ; 2, | S | — 1 ' " i a . { ~ ond 7 yt iS) + | 2 ge\uetfali sss 7 i \f N "s INVENTOR. ——— FREDERIC SJ KREUVTZER. " > BY , =| a \ ‘ Ae? #.. PT Mae, 3 ATIORNEYS. ~ 30. — —_—— A Nov. 20, 1934. F. J. KREUTZER 1,981,417 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STORING AND DISPENSING FEED Filed Oct. 10, 1932 eC CERE EGG. 31. 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. FREDERIC JS. MREUTZER. ATTORNEYS. Nov. 20, 1934. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STORING AND DISPENSING FEED eae ee Ce {7 i 516 13.5 806% a a a ES F. J. KREUTZER Filed Oct. 10, 1932 32. 1,981,417 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Fig.l6 INVENTOR. FREDERIC J. MREUTZER. 7 ATTORNEYS. Nov. 20. 1934. Fig. 20. T 40/ Filed Oct. 10, ~~ i ~~ iT WN ‘ih NN WW Vr aH SS WN | y \ aii a \\ il att alll Alt "aie \ \ i A, * iwue taht | tell * +f, $ sy me Ole ed 2 ee OP Ot Oe ee be he 3 S co | : 2 ‘A ~~ w ] & - R . ~ w : = ~ : ‘ So %s8 18 15 |X \F 48 =A S ‘yu’ /® * 338 7” 2 ~ “4 8 4 } INVENTOR FREDERIC JS. MREUTZER. BY ZA Sf ND ATTORNEYS a2. F. J. KREUTZER METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STORING AND DISPENSING FEED 1932 1,981,417 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 3, ff ! ~ Balle NAM OUI ANT cate i ! aN Lj aii i Egy a A “Yj —d. i orem! } poe Sg EV, Lh! tt un i , Y y 5 ASAE (CR Hy. ! AMARA AAAI FSA Ze hl i 4 \) bola i Iai SY ZA TThNe RA Hy a A otal! A SW. o-- (OOF et ae ee ee! SVS AD Ce 00 ha POMALAO AM STS: 7 ‘te . SOS SN . . Nov. 20, 1934. Filed Oct. 10, 1932 34. F. J. KREUTZER METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STORING AND DISPENSING FEED 1,981,417 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 lili} yo Peeaiiaas 1) | iit a nt hii AAA hh ttt RL ue |) TRH ft UVM ONL He PRU IMT eae ee — a x mH SC vw nr? | | | ‘ YP | a eS _— - 4-4 I bas tai a i: i >: C 4 Fs INVENTOR iy FREDERIC JS KREVTZER. 4 BY Pp 3 é SD Ae +e ha ATTORNEYS 4 1) -f aks t ; Nov. 20, 1934. METHOL F J KREUTZER Au STONING AND Filed Oct. 10, 1952 1,981,417 ; | A Oe Se 4 ee, | P| ? sh : : \ i-p*4| ! ene “ : PYTTTVTTITT- TTTTTTITTiiiiiirti il — 2 was et 1 : ee jininininin | [+ a ¢7 ; ; mem fl P sch ssei sae al 27 “7 « VERUUROUUEPESURESUUEREUERUEOES tL. . 8%. wal 35. | / > | "1 ? 1 si INVERN 7 Tv ¥ , PE At AWS ARF UICER, 10 15 25 30 35 40 50 Patented Nov. 20, 1934 UNITED STATES 1,981,417 PATENT OFFICE 1,981,417 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STORING AND DISPENSING FEED Frederic J. Kreutzer, Elmira, N. Y., assignor to James Manufacturing Company, Fort Atkin- son, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application October 10, 7 Claims. My invention relates to an apparatus and proc- ess of preparing. storing and dispensing food to animals and of housing the animals in such a manner as to facilitate their feeding in con- nection therewith. The primary object of my invention is to virtually eliminate fire hazards in structures of the described class and to make possible the complete protection of the feed and housed animals from fire. I, is the object of my invention to provide a process and apparatus for the practice of my process by which I am enabled to harvest witn- out regard to weather conditions, moist or green hay, immediately store that hay and so store it and ventilate it that it will maintain its con- tent as when green and will have the advantages of green feed: so that it will mot be subject to fire due to spontaneous combustion, as I propose to remove all ignitible gases when and as they are generated, as well as to prevent the generation of any material amount of such gases: ind to so store the hay that it will be removed after the lapse of a considerable period by degrees in such condition that it is the substantial equiv- alent of green feed, thereby enabling the feed- ing of green material, other than ensilage, dur- ing the winter period. It is my particular object to provide a process and apparatus for the storing, in green or moist condition, or both, of hay, preferably in chopped form, and therefore capable of having a large amount introduced into a small space. When so stored it will be in such proportions that, while compressible, it would nevertheless be easily ven- tilated from top to bottom and from side to side and all combustible gases will be continuously removed as they may be generated. It is my object to provide a combination of liquid bearing ensilage storage and relatively dry hay feed storage so as to permit of the ready removal of both types of feed, utilizing the en- silage storage as & part of the support for the hay storage, while at the same time maintaining an adequate ventilation of the storage. In the actual practice of my invention suit- able means may be provided for loading and unloading and for conveying the unioaded ma- terial from both ensilage and hay storage to points of feeding. It is the object of my invention to centralize in a separate building separated by fireproof containers and passageways the storag: of en- silage and hay, access to which may be had to 36. 1932, Serial No. 637,027 (Cl. 119—16) re.nove such material in the proportions neces- sary to its feeding and no more, and to provide for such removal to the point of feeding where the animals are located through covered pas- sageways so that it is not necessary to either expose the feed or the operators during inclem- ent weather. It is my object to provide separate systems of ventilation for the feed storage so segregated and for the animal houses to which batches of feed are intermittently conveyed and in which the feed is completely consumed so that no fire hazard from the storage of feed will be per- mitted in the animal buildings. It is my object to provide a system of feed storage and animal housing ventilation; and a system of stalling und feeding animals, in combination with a system of supplying at stated intervals given quantities of green feed of di- verse kinds. It is a further object to provide an arrange- ment of interchangeable units capable of being manufactured in standard sections, capable of being assembled in diverse lengths into standard buildings and capable of assembly in a variety of combinations by putting together different units. It is also my object to provide such a unitary construction for different sizes and types of such buildings that they may be adequately com- bined in varying combinations and are capable of indefinite extension in varying combinations, at the same time providing unobstructed ven- tilation and light for the interior of the build- ings as well as easy egress and ingress of the animals housed therein and to provide ready accessibility to various parts of the buildings by attendant. It is my object to provide a process and ap- 70 75 paratus by which a number of extensible build- nt ings, each consisting of a plurality of inter- changeable sections, are provided, said buildings being used with hay storage containers, said containers and buildings being so connected in 499 a system that there will be no fire hazard from the feed storage containers. It is my object to provide a system of fire- proof buildings and ventilated storage con- tainers such that the diverse requirements of 05 removing animal gases and heat from the build- ings, and hazardous gases and heat from the storage containers may be taken care of with- out interference of the one with the other. It is my object to provide fireproof buildings 110 of ag, 10 40 70 75 2 1,081,417 capabie of being manufactured in sections at a factory and assembled on the farm by sinrple assembly means. It is a further object to provide a systcin of building a construction so that there may be interconnected fireproof circulatory buildings for stock feeding, milking, food conveying and food storage. It is my object to provide a container, either with or without li¢htning rods, of such material as metal that is an cxcellent electrical con- ductor and which, owing to the large mass of metal, will carry electric discharge from storms without danger to the contents of the chamber; and to provide in conjunction therewith adequate ventilation to eliminate combustible and ignitible gases which may be generated in the mass, there- by eliminating not only the cause of fire but the means by which explosions and fires may be propagated. A further important and specific purpose of the invention is to provide stables with means for storing dry fodder as well as silage in con- centric storage chambers, the combined capac- ity of which will be adequate for all of said animals, the relative cross sectional areas of the concentric chambers being proportioned to the ration requirements of the animals, whereby the contents of the respective chambcrs may be kept at predetermined relative levels throughout the feeding period, and whereby dry material stored in the outer chamber may be utilized to thermally insulate and protect the moist contents of the inner chamber. My object is to not only provide means for storing wholly or partially dried fodder in such a@ manner as to protect silage and other mois- ture containing food from frost but to provide for the association with stabl«s of storage facili- ties for both hay and siluge having such charac- teristics that conditions in either the stable or the storage structure will not affect conditions in the other structure, but in which transfers of feed from storare to stable may be facilitated to the maximum extent. Other objects are to provide means whereby hay and other fodder having similar character- istics may be gathered from the field and stored with a sufficiently high moisture content to pre- vent leaf detaciiment, shattering, and other nu- trient losses and reduce to a minimum the dan- ger of deterioration in storage, the development of heat and gases such as emanate from ordi- nary hay mows and which tend to promote spontaneous ignition or explosion of gases and the growth of molds; to provide storage facili- ties which will permit of safe storage of hay and other fodder after a period of field drying of such short duration as to permit accurate fore- casts of weather conditions between the time of cutting and storing; to virtually eliminate the danger to housed stock and to farm buildings from either wind or lightning, and reduce to a minimum the fire hazards resulting from the use of lanterns, lighted matches, and cigars, and from defective wiring in electrically lighted structures; and in general to provide a substan- tially fireproof animal housing and feeding structure having superior sanitation and im- proved lighting, ventilating and food handling facilities. A further object is to provide means whereby such buildings may be constructed in accord- ance with a variety of designs from standard- 37. ived factory made sections or members of con- venient handling and shipping size which can be readily assembled by inexperienced persons at the place of installation in series of units capable of indefinite extension in accordance with the number of sections used, and in ac- cordance with any one of various predetermincd plans of arrangement tn lincal form, quadrangu- lar form, or other forms suited to a wide diver- sity of arrangement. Each animal housing unit is formed of factory made side wall sections of standardized dimensions and central or roof sections capable of lineal assembly in the de- sired number extending from side wall to a central ridge, whereby units of various widths may be constructed from sections identical with those employed for the construction of units of different widths, and whereby the length of any unit may be determined by the number of sets or groups of side wall and roof sections in lon- gitudinal series. A further object of my invention is to pro- vide a housing and food storage structure of maximum capacity in proportion to roof area and wall area, and having minimum bracing and reinforcing requirements, whereby the cost of construction and the cost of heating may be reduced to a minimum. In the drawings: Figure 1 is an isometric view of an animal feecing and housing structure of a generally rectangular form; Figure 2 ts a horizontal section of a portion of the structure shown in Figure 1, drawn to a plane indicated by the line 2—2 of Fig. 1; e( 100 125 1ld Pigure 3 is a fragmentary view, in vertical - section, drawn to line 3—3 of Figure 2; Pigure 4 is a fragmentary view, in vertical section, drawn to line 4—4 of Figure 2; Figure 5 is an isometric view of a standard- ized arch section, a set of associated roof sec- tions and a connecting post supported beam, said sections and the beam being slightly sepa- rated from a position of complete assembly and mutual support; Pigure 6 is a fragmentary isometric view, showing a fragment of one of the arch sections as it appears when attached to a foundation wall, and a detached fragment of an associated arch section; Figures 7 and 8 are sectional views drawn respectively on lines 7—7 and 8—8 of Figure 1; Figures 9, 10 and 11 illustrate various possible groupings of units similar to the units disclosed in Figure 1 and constructed from standardized sections of the same character; Figure 12 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view drawn generally to line 12—12 of Figure 2 and showing fragments of the fodder storage chamber and associated stable and connected corridor: Fig. 13 shows an enlarged view of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. 12; Figure 14 is a plan view of the fodder storage chamber showing portions in horizontal sec- tion, drawn gencrally to line 14—14 of Fiture 12: Figure 15 is a sectional view of a base portion of the fodder storage chamber, drawn to the line 15—15 on Fig. 14; Figure 16 is an isometric view on an enlarged scale showing portions of three interlocked outer wall sections of the fodder storage chamber in assembled relation to an associated lining wall support and spacing member, and also showing a fragment of the lining sections to which the lis 120 125 131, 1:) 1,081,417 8 illustrated spacing member is directly connected; Pigures 17 and 18 are fragments showing modi- fied forms of the foraminous ventilating passage walls in elevation: 5 Figure 19 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure shown in Pig. 21; Figure 20 is a section on the line 20—20 of Figure 12 looking in the direction of the arrows: Figure 21 is a section on the line 21—21 of \2 Pigure 12 looking in the direction of the arrows: Figure 22 Is a section on the line 22—22 of Figure 9, the details of the feed receptacle A being omitted: Figure 23 is a section on the line 23—23 of :5 Pigure 10, the details of the feed receptacle A being omitted; Figure 24 is a section on the line 24—24 of Figure 11, the details of the feed receptacle A being omitted. 22 _—sC Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the several views. Buildings The improved building structure shown in -2 Figure 1 comprises a series of units, including one or more stable units, a milking room and pen unit, one or more fodder storage units, and corridor units for connecting the other units. said units being formed at a factory in stand- ©: ardized sections adapted for assembly in accord- ance with a variety of plans for arrangement of the units, either in a generally rectangular grouping of the units as shown in Figure 1 or in a lineal grouping, either with or without oc laterai extensions, as indicated generally in Pig- ures 9,10 and 11. All of the units in any group will preferably have a common foundation. In Figure 1 I have illustrated two storage units A associated with. two stable units B to which é~ the units A are connected by corridors C. The stable units B are cross connected at the ends nearest the storage units by a pen unit D. and their other ends are cross connected by a milk house E and corridors F. >: The various units are standardized in such a manner that the factory made sections may each include inner and outer walls and an intermedi- ate layer of material adapted for thermal! insula- tion, each section being capable of transporta- oe eee FIG.16 . 20, 1934. Nov. 20, 1934. F J KREUTZER 1,981,418 mn oe BUILDING Filed Oct. 275. 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 we C) f 7 N ese © — ta £ 2s BBE = & x TENN Seas ; 7 HHH Hd KEES ecKrerrr EL ee 7,7, HHHH] |- r . SPR Ni a ¥ LX vx a aa an ae bd] i | -4° ae \p ® - : sb Fic. 3 x wij Yh 4NIEFEFNTOR ao) FREDERIC J. KREVTIER , it) ‘ i oe GW Jf FY (/IORNEDS 46. Fi6. 4 F. J. KREUTZER 1,981,418 BUILDING Filed Oct. 25. 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 4S INVENTOR FREDERIC J. KREUTIER nm y A . Bi De mee 62 Los ITTORNE DVS 47. ee a le ee ee ee ee i ee ie Nov. 20, 1934. F J. KREUTZER 1,981,418 Nov. 20, 1934. F. J. KREUTZER 1,981,418 par ings BUILDING Filed Oct. 25, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Oct. 25, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fi6.8 ) | ( ) cr FIG. 5 , Fi6.6 4NVENTOR PREDERIC J. AREVTZER. | a a AD De ATTORNE TVS | D (eas Se | a oe a os | | 1 | cy D i \3| x64 ‘$b EI ; , E FIG. 9 C ) do. oe 3 a i= | —— | , ee | al lh AL Nj | a : ian be £ . O)- (O | STUTTYVETI VOT ITIT IT yT TTT / 4 INVENTOR C) e FREDERIC J. KREVTIER "Ga OD Ee sn o> de ee ATTORNEYS 48. 49. Nov. 20, 1934. FJ KREUTZER 1,981,418 BUTLDING Fited Oct. 25, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 N ie Be mT = iat tt a (ha 9 \ ane init : - av : zk ® Ary Oe ee : Df ae ! ‘" ut Oi ce = eft pry Uk 2 “J 2 tity B $1 il — 5 1 hi | lI TS > ® $ —— ny SEE ~~ mS UNA: uit 3 x $ " a Rye *e-2) Q * aN © t s \ >. as : = f | S bs g . a * Ae: eZ. AS Kee ~ Pe. INVENTOR E: FREDERIC J. KREUTZER x d ny : | Yow HEE TF , if om * ig > le See ” i A. 1TTORNEDS a cs 50. Patented Nov. 20, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1,981,418 BUILDING Frederic J. Kreutzer, Elmira, N. Y., assignor to 1,981,418 James Manufacturing Company, Fort Atkin- son, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application October 25, 1932, Serial No. 639,490 2 Claims. My invention relates to buildings and, in par- ticular, to sectional, stanverdized, expansible buildings adapted to be erected in units to form enclosures of fireproof character for stock, and 5 enclosures or protecting barriers for stock when exercising or feeding in the open. It is a further object of my invention to pro- vide a structure comprised of several unitary elements which, by multiplication of such stand- 10 ard unitary elements, can make buildings of different widths, heights and lengths and differ- ent combinations of buildings, all in connec- tion with fireproof feed storage chambers. It is a further object of my invention to pro- 15 vide a system of feeding from remotely located fireproof storage feed chambers enough feed which can be consumed by the stock in the buildings of this invention so that there will be no storage of feed and, therefore, no fire 20 hazard in the buildings in which the animals themselves are located. In particular, it is an object of my invention to provide the combination of a metal or other fireproof storage chamber for hay and, if de- 25 sired, for ensilage, and to provide « common communicative passageway between said storage chambers and the stables comprising the build- ings of my invention. It is an object of my invention to provide 30 adequate air circulation throuchout the build- ings and these storage chambers for the proper ventilation of the hay and of the buildings. It is my object to provide a building having a fireproof foundation, such as concrete, accurats 35 side walls having ventilation and light windows, and intermediate roof construction comprising @ roof plate and a sloping roof, such roof sec- tion being supported upon spaced columns which also support the inside ends of the arcuate side 40 walls. It is an object to provide a dead air space filled with insulation in the side walls and a dead air space in the roof section to thereby in- sulate against the heat and cold on the outside 45 of the building so they will not affect the in- terior of the building. It is an object to provide the sile walls of sectional metal so that the individual side wall unit comprises an arcuate strip having exterior 50 independent overlapping metallic strips and an interior metal skin supported and spaced by ar- cuate metal ribs. Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is an isometric perspective of a T- 55 shaped barn and feed storage chamber combina- 51. (Cl. 119—16) tion partially broken away to show the arrange- ment of the interior of one of the barns; Figure 2 is a square combination of buildings; Figure 3 is a U-shaped combination of build- ings with a remotely connected lactary or milk- 60 ing station; Pigure 4 is a plan view in section showing the arrangement of the units in parallel with feeding areas in between, with a remotely lo- cated milking station: Figure 5 is a section on the line 5—5 of Figure 3; Figure 6 is a section on the line 6—6 of Figure 1; Pigure 7 is a section on the line 7—7 of 70 Figure 2; Figure 8 is a plan view in section of the radial type of building arrangement with a central milking station and remotely located feed cham- bers with feeding pastures or exercise lots be- 75 tween the buildings; Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional view of a common milking station and a plurality of lon- gitudinally disposed parallel feeding barns and feed storage chambers; the details of the feed 80 receptacle F being omitted: Figure 10 is a section on the line 10~—10 of Figure 1 showing the construction of the build- ing; Figure 11 is a perspective of one section of 85 the building showing it in the process of assembly; Figure 12 is a section on the line 12—12 of Figure 9; Figure 13 is a section on the line 13—13 of 90 Figure 11; Figure 14 is a section on the line 14—14 of Pigure 11; Figure 15 is a perspective, partially in sec- tion, of two of the side wall sections about to be ©5 joined and permanently mounted on the foun- dation wall at their abutting bottom and side edges; Pigure 16 is an enlarged section through one of the side walls of the buildings and the com- 100 municating passageway buildings on the Line 16—16 of Figure 2. It will be understood that this building or- ganization is comprised of certain fundamental essential elements which I have found neces- 105 Sary for the practice of housing and feeding stock, particularly dairy stock, although, of —— Principles apply to other types of These elements are: a remotely located venti- 11@ 2 1,081,418 lated chamber for the storage of feed, such as chopped hay, wh.ch may be continuously ven- tilated for the removal of gases to control the temperature to prevent spontaneous combustion. 6 Such a chamber is preferably made of metal so as to be proof against lightning. It ts also preferably made of segmental! sheets of metal in order to facilitate its ::anufacture at the factory and subsequent erection by bolting or welding 10 .on a farm. Associated with this feed container may be a silo of any desired material and both of these containers are arranged to discharge into a common communication passageway Or building to the unitary stable which is of suffi- 18 cient s.ze to accommodate stock that will be fed from these feed containers. It is the principle of my system of feeding to never store any feed in the stable where it may become ignited either by spontancous combus- 20 tion, by a lantern, a carelessly thrown match, and the like. The third element is the provision of a stock buiding having no loft for hay storage, which thereby eliminates all danger of fire and con- 25 fines the building to the one purpose of housing the stock in the best possible manner. Such a building is comprised of unitary sections which can be fabricated at a factory and assem- bled on the farm with ordinary labor. It ts $0 fireproof, being made preferably of metal, with a concrete or similar type floor, has no parti- tions and can be cross ventilated as well as longitudinally ventilated in order to insure proper ventilation to the stock and adequate 35 cleanliness. tt is so arranged that the windows can direct sunlight on to the stock. It ts insulated against the feed lots and exercise lots. Referring to the drawings tn detail, A desig- nates an entrance building which is preferably composed of the arcuate side wall sections here- 7. itmafter described. Such a building of the A type 52. is used for communication purposes. B, B', B? and B indicates a building used as a milking station, C a communication building, D feeding stables, E communication passageways to the feed storage chambers F. 80 Referring particularly to the detail construc- tion of the buildings, as shown in Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, 1 designates the foun- dation which has side walls 2 on which are mounted the arcuate side wall sections shown in 85 Figure 11. These side wall sections comprise a pair of arcuate rib plates 3 having bottom end flanges 4 and top end flanges 5. These rib plates 3 are preferably U-shaped in section as shown in Figure 15. The lower attaching plates 90 4 may be bolted by bolts 6 embedded in the side walls 2. The adjacent side wall sections may be recessed at 7 for the reception of the bottom plate 4. These side plates 3 support interiorly a cor- 95 rugated metal sheet 8 and overlapping exterior transversely disposed metal sheets 9. Between these sheets is placed any insulation material designated 10 to insulate from the heat and cold. The joint between adjacent sections is covered 100 by an exterior strip 9a bolted by bolts 9b to the flanges of the U-shaped members 3. Beneath this strip 9a is a waterproof composition 9c. On the interior of this joint is a plate 8a over- lapping the sheets 8 and connecting them to the 1065 flanges 8b of the U-shaped members 3 by bolts 8c. When desired, a window frame 11 may be placed in the side wall to carry a sash 12 having glass 13. It will be noted that this window being ar- 110 ranged at an angle to a vertical plane is so dis- posed as to direct the sunlight on to the animals standing in the general area designated 14. It also provides light for adequate cleaning of the foundation 1 as at 15. 114 The upper ends of these arcuate side wall sec- tions are attached by the plates 5 to bolts 6a into the recesses 16 of the longitudinally dis- posed I-beam girders 17 which are supported on spaced vertical posts 18 carried on the foun- 120 dation 1. The upper ends of the side wall sections, therefore, are nested in the U-shaped recesses 16. The other of these U-shaped recesses formed by the I-beam 17 receives the abutting end 19 125 of the ceiling plates 20 which are carried be- tween the truss members which support the ceiling plates 20 and the roof members 21. These truss members are comprised of a hori- zontally disposed angle iron or I-beam 22 having 130 diagonally disposed truss members 23 intercon- necting and supporting I-beam roof members 24. Mounted on these truss members are angu- lar end plates 25 for attachment of this roof unit to the girders 17. The ceiling plates 20 135 1,981,418 3 Feed chambers The feed storage chamber is so arranged that the silo 26 and the ventilated hay storage cham- ber 27 formed by the foraminous false walls 28 within the exterior wall 29 discharge through a common chute 30. They are housed by a com- mon roof 31. This chute communicates with a horizontally disposed communication passage- 19 Way 32 leading into one of the communication buildings E. This passageway 32 also has side doors 33 for entering the hay chamber 27. Thus. the adja- cent barn D may be ventilated by the passage 15 of air through the communicating building E, passageway 32. chute 30, out through the pas- sageway 27 to the space beneath the roof 31 which is provided with a suitable ventilator or the air may pass out beneath the eaves 34 as the roof 31 is suspended above the wall 29 by the bracket plates 35. if so desired. The numer- al 36 in Pigs. 3. 4, and 5 designates doors. In Pigures 2 and 12 may be found a platform diagrammatically illustrated with railings ex- tending above part 26. It will be seen that, by the use of such buiid- ings. it is possible to vary the width and the height of the buildings, as well as the length. The height of the building is determined by 30 the height of the foundation side walls 2 and the posts 18. The building may have one ot more roof sections, or none at all. It will be further observed that the load on the roof section is taken on the posts 18 but 35 @ny lateral thrust is also transm.tted through the side wall sections and thence to the founda- tion walls 2. Any load on the side wall sec- tions is taken on the foundation side walls 2 and against the girders 17 and the intervening roof section. Thus. a very light, strong and in- sulated building is provided of indefinite exten- sion but which can be manufactured from a few standard parts that can be easily erected by ordinary labor on the furm. When so erected. 4¢ the building is not only fireproof but is light- ning proof due to the mass of metal. There is no possibility of spontaneous combusition in the buildings devoted to the housing of the stock because there is no combustibic material stored sc therein and the disastrous hazard of fire which destroys breeding stock that has taken years to develop is eliminated. It will be understood that such stock is the product of many years of breeding and no money sf payment by way of insurance can replace the destruction of such animals. Therefore, it be- comes a matter of vital importance to climinate any chance of destruction by fire or lightning of animals that are irreplaceable. It is also necessary to have adequate sunlight and venti- lation. It is likewise essential to remove the milking operation from any possiMe contamina- tion and to provide buildings the* will permit of the ready movement and circulation of the stock into and out of the buildings and to and from the milking station. It will be observed that the stock can pass along the floor at 15 for this purpose, the feed can be delivered to the stock along the floor ‘¢ at 15a 30 as not to impede the movement of the stock. Adequate stalls or stanchions are con- nected at 15b and the feeding trough at 15c. The animal can stand upon the wooden or other floor 15d. The columns 18 can be located be- 7+ tween the cows so as not to interfere witl: other 53. standing room. Consequently, the space within this building is substantially without any ob- struction. All the animals can be observed from any point in the building. The carrying of feed along the passageway 15a may be readily ef- 80 fected by hand, by carts, vehicles on rails or by overhead carriers suspended irom the trusses. The load of such carriers is taken on the col- umns 18 without imposing that load upon the side walls. 85 It is further observed that each one of these sections can be made of such size and weight as to be easily handled in erection. Further- more, the building is one that can be completely salvaged in the event of it being torn down. 90 Purthermore, it is capable of expansion so that as the herd grows. it is possible for the owner to continuecto attach additional standard sec- tions to take care of his needs as they develop. The foundation may be extended or restricted 95 to suit the superstructure. The present inven- tion relates to the superstructure and not to the foundation, which may be varied in extent to correspond to the superstructure. Building arrangement One of the primary purposes of this inven- tion is to provide such a standard system that various forms of unitary buildings may be em- ployed. 105 For instance, F.gures 1 and 6, which represent a typical arrangement of a fifty-cow barn, show an entrance building or milking station, as de- sired, a building for box stalls as at G or GQ’, a stable as at D, a feed storage chamber F and 110 communication buildings E. all of meta! and of similar interchangeable sections. The building G is adapted for the use of cows with calves, and the like. In Figures 2 and 7, the stables D are arranged 115 in spaced parallel) relation with intercommuni- cating buildings E connecting into a milking building B*. The rear ends of these stables are interconnected by a box stall stable G? while the ends of the buildings D are provided with com- 120 munication buildings E connected to the feed storage chambers F which contain sufficient hay and ensilage for supplying the cows in each of the buildings D. to which they are connected. In Pigures 1, 2 and 12, there are disclosed 126 pipes which are adapted to convey chopped hay under pressure to the interior of the hay con- tainers. It will be noted that the cows in one stable can reach the milking station building without 130 going through the other stable D. By this arrangement the cows can be led through the doors 36 into the exercise lot 37 where they may have the sunlight and the air and be protected from the winds. The buildings 138 form the enclosure, and. therefore, no fences are necessary. In the forms shown in Figures 3 and 5 it is possible to feed from either of the feed storage chambers F to both stables D but still possible 140 to move the cows to and from the milking sta- tion B without coing through the other stable and disturbing the fecding or the handling of the cows in that stable. By projecting the uni- tary buildings G to form a U-shaped enclosure “45 with the stables D a partially protected enclo- sure for the stock when exercising is provided. In the form shown in Figure 4, more complete enclosures are provided by arranging another unit of feed chambers and stables connected by °5¢ 4 1,961,418 by which the buildings are radially disposed in & units connected into a central milking station B’. Between these radially disposed buildings are feed lots or exercising pastures 39 while around the entire series of buildings is an an- nular roadway 40 which joins a roadway 41. 10 =Pigure 9 shows a similar milking station with @ plurality of stables D arranged in parallelism with their associated supply stations for feed in the chambers PF. It will be understood that I desire to compre- 16 hend within my invention such modifications as may be necessary to adapt it to varying condi- tions and uses. I hereby make a cross reference to my co- pending application Ser. 637,027, filed Oct. 10, and dispensing feed. While some of the figures of the drawings in that application and some of the figures of the drawings in this present application Ser. 639,490, are the same, other 26 figures in the drawings of each of these two applications do show constructions not illus- trated in the other; and nothing claimed in th!= application Ser. No. 639,490 is claimed in said co-pending application Ser. 637,027. 30 I make further cross reference to my co-pend- ing application Ser. 669,898, filed May 8, 1933, which application ts a divisional application of co-pending application Serial No. 637,027, above referred to. Application Serial No. 669,898 de- 35 scribes and claims a food container such as is 70 76 54 each ber and moved to and from ing without disturbing the barn, said milking building comprising an oc tagonal building having annularly disposed milk- ing stanchions arranged therein. 2. In a system of buildings, a mlurality of metal 95 buildings including at least o.: barn, certain FREDERIC J. KREUTZER. 110 125 135 140 145 June 1, 1937. H. McCORNACK 2,081,947 DAIRY PLANT Filed March 1. 1955 12 Sheets-Sheet 1 rrr -_—~hpeneck Br , 3 $5 | Zz = eh OE: g 24 y ~ SS ~ nm + —_ -_— — —ace/ INVENTOR ~ ATTORNE VW 2,081,947 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 X y © q a Q n & N herbert ABS Co ay SOV ORL? Ha te 7 ! i Wiehe . 694 7 ———————— — ee ee ee me me hme he eo e . oO June 1, 1937. H MceCORNACK 2,081,947 DAIRY PLANT Filed March 1. 1955 12 Sheets-—Sheet 4 TOOL ZLIB | <>. ASLSSSSASD LEIP ILLS { 140 73S 772 i ————————————— lid j on 4 | i ill lh il - Of aie ier'|\ > 125 4 /y CPPCC ERAMME INVENTOR A ta 7. herleri /Cornack BY Ji attd ¢/ Pelle ATTORNEY, 58. , ia 7 . as - oe June 1, 1937. M eS 2s i é, Lhd hha ~ 7 / / , x ~ > _ 22ACY |) \ \ \ \ > ae "i 7 = + 265 WW} || WTI I 4t+ \ 260~ , tl é | / | 254 7 ~ O55 deg “5? ow” 64 - P , ty S02 wy A a : * esl i 254 rm 2PSES ’ FO- y ail A | 250 ‘NVENTOR me herbert (¥ Cornack (PVotte €6 F40LLE ATTORNEYS ell ty a _ 66. Patented June 1, 1837 UNITED STATES 2,081,947 PATENT OFFICE 26817 Gerbdert MoCerunch, Gien Ridge, N. J. Application March 1, 1933, Serial No 659,252 a : E in which the cows enter side opposite to the milking machine This part of th invention Is designed compleme* to the milking ma- my Patents No. 1.859.213 and 4, although it may be employed with machines. of my invention are it é 1 _ i 5 i j | to increase milk production, th of the cow's udder by fa- of the calf-like agitation disclosed in my patents aforesaid, to provide improved arrangements for sheltering and feeding the cows, for handling the mulk& and for disposing of the manure and utilizing the valuable constituents thereof. es I attain these objects by the following nove! A basic novel feature of this dairy plant is the arrangement of milking stalls by which the cows’ hips of the cows in front of side next to the milking machine f i | | i | 3 8 z has to travel from cow to cow $ & ei feersths; HTH nell lait irpees et i ; . : rive A H i Le EE Hit [ i iH i rf aie He 4 7. Hi (CL 31—88) circular arrangement of milking viaion within the circle of stalls for weighing the miUk and transferring room, thus reducing the travel of the chine operator to the minimum. Another feature of improvement in plant {s the provision of means for controlling entrance of the cows into the This consists in its preferred form of door and a curtain or other suitable rier across the approach to the and a pul! cord, electric switch or the milking room by which the milking operator simultancously opens the entrance and drops the curtain, and reversely, means ing also provided on the approach side of entrance docr by which the door is closed and curtain ts raised for the next cow. In this rangement, as the entrance door is in the cow which is about to enter room, the two-part curtain, which falis about the middle of the serves, not only to start her movem to detain the cow which follows behind the entrance door ts again closed and the is again raised by the inspector. This control serves to keep a cow at the entrance promptly on cal) by the operator in the room. Another feature of my improved milking consists of an entrance gate to the milking preferably of spring sheet material and light In weight, so arranced that when it is drawn by the operator and pressed against the cows hip it causes her to step over toward the ahield and -3 assume a position convenient to be milked Another provision in this connectioa is et or other means for locking the gate in sired position which thus adapts his cows of differcnt size. ) ice 4 ak iit ais | ite ‘ 3 | HH il i Still another provision ts an extension of the shield or other part of the stall in front of the cow's rear foot which is next to the operater and which not only protects the operator from the droppings of the cow but causes the cow te place this foot in a rearward position to facilitate the application of the machine. Another feature of my improved dairy plant is the provision for dispensing with the uneani- tary and expensive stall cocks of present prec- 8 tice and for greatly facilitating the attachment of the milker unit to the cow. This ls effected by an automatic control of alr inflow te the vacuum line which is accomplished by so shaping vecvum i C : E 4 Hi i] Fe i ¥ it E i it iti inte tf it i eile THe Hi I fi E i 7 tf i i a | 4 f f 5 : e i pictgstes at FReRGEE hl Hu tsetdpttey : ‘ ele ypttey F / elit i lich al THE - Rake eli are located beyond the cows on the side oppo- 33 site to the ope. stor. The advantage of this ar- prior practice, is that the milk- the cow lanes are more easily in passing through the plant. @ Another feature is the provision for keeping stable impr rities and insects away from the milk is poured and transferred to the milk receiving room. This is accomplished by means of a fan which discharges pure air and maintains a clean atmosphere where the milk bucket is opened and the milk ts poured and weighed and transferred to the milk receiving room. Another feature is that this provision which protects the milk while it is being poured, weighed g@ and transferred to the milk receiving room also efficiently ventilates the milk receiving room. A general and comprehensive feature of im- provement itn this dairy plant is the convenient and concentrated location of al! of the activities ge Of the milking machine operator which makes rm units simultaneously. By this concen- and convenience of the milking room ties the work of the operator is so greatly qg Sbbreviated that he can give close attention to the functioning of the severa) milk +r units and can apply to cach cow for « longer period of time the calf-Mke treatment of my patented milker a@rantage to miIK production and to of the cow's udder. This great econ- emy of effort and improvement in efficiency is combination of plant facilities. © 3 . Hy f i i gaz eegg* Het tie Tet pertll Hh pers provided for their storage. Af the rear end 6 a eS 8 eS 6 to hopper for each kind of feed or bedding their z6 j : § 5 ett, ti i BL ite 25 - 44 if H Ff Hat E : . pump Into a liquid manure spreader and appied to the soll in liquid form. In the accompanying drawings, I have shewa for purposes of tllustration ome preferred em.- bodiment of my invention. Figure 1 is « plen view of one form of milking room embodied in my invention; ; i it ft | i rf --~ a. 8. sEees eé== Hi ait TR EH Await ie if ATER HE iy aranpieisielailiasttvtennye nd UHHe hie Hi att ily etl it HOH Lue ah He itt: t d vues eget PA PS ESS ee rie 484 be Ess is 3433 At Hat Hla i i at aia ap a i esl | Tau int arial itl iti t An c Salil Rosi ~~ "aN i ine Te Hi 23,5883 fs hi i syapeys 36052]: 148 He a ie! cH l oe Li TE ra Hic ale ii init tt i reals Hae ce Ae ra nial iaish vil TH ae ial if Hite ill ce on aE yt ine i die a te sts TITHE ii ih rie lsh eee eta} al Hh i er Ali Hl | et ATLA AH hi val NE TE i; Heliydssytan ean i ‘I ite iit ier ee i ih a a lee : tea i iil fi na iialivtly aa little iit auth - . ~- A Lt Mote aya: aH TRI ek tH at ii th ea rte revista th 2 : i cir ft i : Tin ie iit I lie rat HI iis iis Te 13 +: is is ute HT a Ha g¥arpted Ht + Pals Hi AGERE sii age Fae ARE te Ai ik; ae et L qualita na ilieiael aH sitet lil SPUPrEtH ditt ate TIA Ee fee sees ged Ha er ia ha i r rene ono THE Hin THU RHEE Hap: ph SHEL Hater futher HE St hy Hi Mat eeeienat iat HA be BP sepeaggeee es yac3lasteg sae i ydnuiatettsiiscas. ELE iniad Prien tare ane Hetil ATL STUAe une ntites ate: Gilsseh: HTL PALS eH ela i Hf phayehi yi CU Le tL. TT ot Pe ber sipriigtia AHL Hares sege3 ee ait elie ree SHOUT R UHH He ; tiffiat Re eH 1 HME tE les binpeb aaRE s 3 g a i 4 ; ats 4 (est caer amie 72. Z AIL Ahilbamadisdidbdasataddasicida ) MOVRITYS LISSA TBA $00 / AOSTA HIT, DOLLA A | te i 2.233.766 . a: INVENTOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 f ew 1933 | |p aK 4 ay \ ‘ 5 by - x ~*~ - Geom cees yew nee ae ---7T)* Oe Pr. e 1e6e00 g------- Doaepeaneusesooun —- oie | ° - -_ & ¥ —_ * iY r > 4 “ 4 od 4 Zz \ - “nade? anak N » ' | *. | o, Pe! } S Vet} ‘A y AN iF slQhsi- ae ° ; iN thy oe °4. %. 2a. e f 4 Ae ‘3 LL: eee! Ge [0 . a 4° Si ~s . Oe a tee” ele * Dh ton ba ie fhe - Sue Id { £26... po? we ¢ | ee iL—7z OR Pe ein Dar a EP. -_ aH ¥ i gf oh mf, oie i New e 7L - al *e ™ ; A eo -@ ‘ — | ad - 2 ifs ear Bit, yy alte 1S thd 2 {ke j- LO Perec’ | tateral forwardly inclined branches connected with the side wa!l of the gutter 13. each of which set of branches is disposed and crranged similar to that described with respect to the brancties 22-30 Inclusive of the conduits 16—11? and 18 30 respectively. The diameter of each of the branches Is smaller than the diameter of its con- duit, so that the combined areas in cross section of the several branches will be si:ghtly less than the cross sectional area of their respective con- duits, thereby providine a uniform distribution of the fluid medium with positive pressure over & predetermined lencth of gutter or within the length of gutter adjacent the set of branches of each conduit. 40 =‘The open ends of the condults (6-21 inclusive are turned upwardly into communication with a rectanriular chamber 31 havine partitions 32. 33. 34. and 35 ‘ttc. 7), of which the partition 32 separates the conduits 16 and 1% from the con- 43 duit 17, while partition 34 separates the conduit $7 from the conduit 18 The partition 33 sepa- rates the conduits §6 and 18 from the conduit 26. while the conduits 20—21 are « parated by the Partition 3$. The partitions 32~—33 ex'end up- $0 wardly into the chamber 3! and in close proximity to & passace 36 of Ning inin the bottom of the reservoir 37. This passace 36 is clowd by a cap valve 38 pivoted at 39 to hinge on the bottom of the reservoir, which valve is lifted to open the 33 pawace 36 by mean a a a eS if = QR te hdl Emerson A. Anstiss Hazel L. Anstiss BY E. A. ANSTISS ETAL MOVABLE FENCE SECTION FOR CORRALS Filea March 23, 1950 Oct. 12, 1954 a f a2 B = 4 ogi tg 9 [ 3 6 & Ww &? { z, af N 4 seate tt an or ' ud Bia ———- ; E 64 ie &s SF og. |. oR ) z : -—9 - 3 “| / 617 Ne - oO 3 Soe dle Ha av § Le 3 —— i x _F A A-- + —A— A A —_ A- 6 -4A—--- & s Meili, asi Te -f a av Re I Ea ERD tf 4 - rl | 89. 88. Patented Oct. 12, 1954 2,691,359 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,691,359 MOVABLE FENCE SECTION FOR CORRALS Emerson A. Anstiss and Hazel L. Anstiss, Napa, Calif. Application March 23, 1950, Sertal No. 151,468 (Cl, 119—20) 1 Claim. 1 The present invention relates to new and use- ful improvements in corrals and more particularly to a movable fence section for the corral] to re- move animals from the corral without necessi- tating a cattleman entering the corral. In many instances when raising or otherwise handling stock it is neccessary to collect the stock in a corral and then to move the stock singularly through a chute for loading, branding, vaccinat- ing, or for other purposes and this work is difi- cult and sometimes dangerous as it usually neces- sitates one or more stock handlers to enter the corral to keep the stock moving. Accordingly, it is an object of the present in- vention to provide a movable fence section for the corral which will force the stock toward the chute and out of the corral as the movable fence section is moved in that direction to thus avoid the objectionable procedure explained above. A further object of this invention is to equip the movable fence section of the corral with an electrically charged wire or rod to prod the ani- mals and to keep the same from collecting against the movable fence section. A still further object is to provide an apparatus of this character of simple and practical con- struction, which is efficient and reliable in oper- ation, relatively inexpensive to manufacture and otherwise well adapted for the purposes for which the same is intended. Other objects and advantages reside in the de- tails of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which: Figure 1 is a top plan view; Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2—2 of Pigure 1; Figure 3 is a view in elevation of the outside of the movable fence section. Referring now to the drawings in detail where- in for the purpose of illustration we have disclosed a preferred embodiment of the invention the nu- meral § designates a corral generally which in- cludes a pair of side fence sections 6 and 7, a stationary end fence section 8 and chutes or run- ways $ at the corners of the side and stationary end sections 6, 7 and 8. The remaining end of the corral is closed by a movable fence section designated generally at 10 that is constructed to provide horizonta) rails 7 and uprights {2 forming a rigid fence section or frame. A pair of vertical brackets {3 are secured at 90. 25 20 35 40 45 2 the rear of the movable fence section (0 adjacent its ends and a pair of vertical brackets (4 are also secured at the rear of movable fence sec- tion 10 at its center, each bracket having a bear- ing bracket (5 at its lower end in which axles or shafts 16 are journalled with wheels /6* rotatable thereon. Grooved wheels or rollers {7 are rotatably sup- ported on shaft Ia in brackets (8 at the upper vend portions of the movable fence section 10 and which travel on tracks 19 secured to the inside of the stationary side fence sections § and 7 of the corral, the wheels or rollers {7 supporting the upper edge of the movable fence section {0 while the wheels téa travel on the ground to support the main weight of the movable fence section. A bearing bracket 2! is secured to brackets 14 for one end of a shaft 22 which has its other end journalled in an adjacent rail of the movable fence section 10. Shaft 22 is provided with flanges 24 forming a drum or winch to which one end of a pair of cables 25 and 26 are attached for winding on the drum. Cable 25 extends toward the left of movable fence section {0 and around a pulley 27 rotatably supported in a bracket 28 at the left hand edge of the movable fence section 10, the cable then ex- tending along the inside of stationary fence sec- tion 6 and attached to a bracket 29 adjacent one of the chutes $8. The other cable 26 extends to- ward the right hand side of movable fence sec- tion 1@ and also around a oulley 30 journalled in a bracket 3! secured to the right hand edge of the movable fence section and thence along the inside of stationary fence section 7 for also at- taching to a bracket 32 at the adjacent chute 98. The outer end of shaft 22 is provided with a crank handle 33 for winding the cables 25 and 26 on the shaft to pull movable fence section 18 inwardly toward stationary fence section 8. A shaft 34 is rockably supported in bearing brackets 35 at the inside of movable fence sec- tion 10, the shaft 34 extending from end to end of the movable fence section and is provided with a downwardly extending arm 36 to which the inner end of a push and pull lever 37 is pivot- ally attached and which extends outwardly of the movable fence section for rocking the shaft. Lever 37 is supported in a notch 38 at the upper end of a bracket 38 to prevent the lever from drop- ping downwardly. Arms 40 also extend from shaft 34 at the inner side of movable fence sec- tion 10 for supporting a horizontal electrically charged rod or wire 41 in a vertically swingable position. Insulators 42 connect the ends of rod - a ; 2,691,359 3 41 to the arms. The charged rod or wire 4! is connected to a battery 43 supported on movable fence section 10 or to other suitable source of current. The battery is grounded by way of shafts (la, wheels 17 and tracks {$ and is controlled by a switch 44. Rod 4! is raised or lowered by lever 37 im accordance with the height of the animals confined in the corral to prod the animals and move them toward the exit § as the movable fence section travels in that direction. Movable fence section {0 is supported on wheels 16a and 11, the latter traveling on tracks 19 and by winding cables 25 and 26 on winch 22 the mov- able fence section is pulled toward chutes or run- ways $ to force cattle from the corral. The charged rod or wire 4{ will prevent the cattle from crowding against the movable fence section. In view of the foregoing description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings it is believed that a clear understanding of the de- ° vice will be quite apparent to those skilled in this art. A more detailed description is accordingly deemed unnecessary. It is to be understood, however, that even though there is herein shown and described a preferred embodiment of the invention the same is susceptible to certain changes fully comprehended by the spirit of the invention as herein described and the scone of the appended claim. Havi.g described the invention, what is claimed : as new is: A corral comprising a pair of stationary opposed side fence sections and a stationary end fence section, an exit for the corral adjacent the sta- tionary end fence section, a movable fence sec- tion composed of horizontal rails and uprights, wheels journaled at the lower portion of the mov- able fence section for movement of the latter back and forth between the side fence sections and 91. 10 tw a) an 4 relative to the stationary end fence section to move animals in the corral toward the exit, a winch rotatably supported on the outside of the movable fence section, cables secured to the winch for winding thereon and extending from the winch toward opposite sides of the corra] and around the opposite ends of the movable fence section and extending therefrom longitudinally along the sta- tionary side fence sections and attached there- to at a point adjacent the stationary end fence section, rails supported on the inside of the sta- tionary side fence sections, wheels journaled on the upper end portions of the movable fence sec- tion for traveling on the rails to support the mov- able fence section upright during its traveling movement, a horizonta] shaft journaled on the movable fence section, an arm fixed to the shaft and projecting inwardly of the corral, an elec- trically charged prodding bar fixed to the free end of the arm and positioned parallel] to the mov- able fence section, a crank arm fixed to the shaft, and a handle secured to the crank arm and pro- jecting rearwardly through the movable fence section for vertically adjusting the prodding bar. References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATIS PATENTS Number Name Date 313,31% 0 Mar. 3, 1885 336,872 Fern Feb. 23, 1886 $83,321 | May 25, 1897 1,189,151 EE June 27, 1916 1,447,835 0 Mar. 6, 1923 1,646,604 . SECs Oct. 25, 1927 1,825,452 CC Sept. 29, 1931 2,146,229 a Feb. 7, 1939 2,376,630 Dt suussenesenen May 22, 1945 2,520,555 ER Aug. 29, 1950 ; —— ETE ee te —————— REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE -- BREVET D'INVENTION MINISTERE DE L'INDUSTRIE =— P.V. no’ 812.934 SERVICE de la PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE Classification internationale : Installation Penlévement du fumier par eourant dean, ° Socicté dite: MASCIINENFABRIK A, HOLZ KG. résidane S@™ENTIERG; HBRARE, otc Allemande. MAR 1 7 1961 Demandé le 14 décembre 1959, a 10 heureYsQ PATENT OFFICE Délivré le 10 octobre 1960. (Demande de brevet déposée en République Fédérale Allemande le 15 octobre 1959, . au nom de la demanderesse.) L’invention a trait 4 une installation d'enléve- ment du fumier par courant dean, Son but est de monter cette installation de ma- ni¢re a obtenir une cconomie de main«Pouvre, aussi grande que possible, dans Penlevement da fumier des étables, avec la dépense la plus faible en frais d'installation de Péequipement de celleei, Elle a en outre pour but de permettre Pénandage du fumier prepare sur tes chumps. par la plaie ou autrement. On connait des équinements pour Penlevement du fumier par courant d'eau, comprenant des fosses de mélange avec agilateurs et désintégrateurs. reé- servoirs dentreposaze et canali-ations, permettant de régler la concentration duo fumier avant sen enlevement ou son émiettoment par br pluie. Une rigole d'écoulement est également préevue, Loineen- verent de ces installations est qu'il nexiste aucune coordination precise entre la conception de Vétable, la rigole découlement et equipement de prepa ration du fumier. De grandes quantites Mean, par exemple, doivent ainsi étre amenées dans ba rigele d'ecoulement quand, le te om a autre les exerd- ments doivent ¢tre pouss distance plus ou moins granie. Le probleme a reseouwdee par Vinvention est dé. viter ces inconvenients et de construire Vinstalla- lans eelle-ci, sur une tion de manifre a Cconemiser la maineleiure et en méme temps preparer le melange famier eau. sous une forme partionlionrenvent pratiene ef oppre- prite A son emploi comme engrais, La solution suivant Vinvention consiste a com. biner a une stalle courte pour de betail an eaitle- botis possédant une partie supérieure Ghostique, pour recouvrir la rigole Pecoulement, Suivant cetle caractéristioue, on adoute une stalle courte et non, comme on le fait Mhabitude. une stalle moyenne ou longue, avee une rigele dvcon- lement attenante. Cetie stalle courte peerimet atu fumier, aux ordures. et an purin de tomber dice: 0 - 41635 92. | | | | tement dans la rigole ct il suffit que celle-ci soit } toujours remplie eau, au point que ce qui y tombe ne poisse sy fiver, TH est essenticl que fle caillehotis comporte une partie supérieure Glastique, snperpesce dune partic inféricure rigide. Quand on adepte une stalle courte, an doit compter que le betail se trouve touiours sur le caillebotis, Afin déviter des blessures aux pattes, on pease sunt coluieci une partic Olastiogue, a oareles aerremdios, afin qite, qed de betail peese dessus, i} se trouve toujours sur des parties lisees las. lignes et ne puisse se blesser a des bords tran- chants, Diflerentes possibilites existent pour lo réalisa- lien cle da comvertere Clastiqne du eaillebotis, On peut tmaginer, par esemple. que la partie Glastique repesant sur la partie rigide seit formée de pitees HWAtachtes rapportoes, Une forme Vexcention peat fort bien consister ence que les parties Glastiques rapportées, munies tle pattes de dens eftés. entourent les parois de s*paration do caillebetis et présentent, le eas Coheant, une dépeuille leur permettant. lors de la mise en charge, de s‘appliquer sur celui-ci, et de se redresser lorsqulon les décharge. Afin quanemne obstruction ne se prodvise. lors- que les parties Glestiques se cabattent, i) est essen. tiel ante celles-ci seient munies Pouvertures décou lement vers le eaillebotis sous-jacent. anelles recon. vren! quand elles sont chargers, Bo outer. it oest indiquée que ta face supérieure de ta pratelie Clastique destinée & receveir ta charge seit pourvne de nerveres, de bossages, ete, pour crpecher be olissement, Afin Wobtenie lors de Templot de matiéere svn- thetiques wne Glestieité saflisante, i est recomman- dalle cde aunie tes parties élastiques ropportées de parties metalliques enrobées. pour les fiver aux patties selides. et former le cas écheant aun axe de reel alien, Prix du fascicule: 1 NF N°’ 1.2-16.418 AOL ~ (1.246.418) - Les parties Glastiques peuvent en meme temps re munies de points lumineus enrobes ou appli- Une autre possibilit® consiste & donner une forme en croix Aces parties rapportees, et A ygarnir les bords tranchants de la grille de surfaces ce couvertures arondios. Une telle construction.empeche les parties rap portecs de haseuler dans Vane ou autre tlireetion, lorsquelles sont mises en charge, ear ily a toujours d'autres bords. augmentant la résistanee au fen versemept,..perpendivulaires .@ ceux qui Driaseule- raient éventuellement, Atin Poltenir me élasticite sulfi ren- verses sous la charge, Veffort proprement dit exereé par le bétail n’étant pas indique. Dans la figure 1, le bitail 1 se trouve dans une stalle courte 2. avee un caillebotis 3 attenant, qui recouvee la rigole découlement 4. Le mélange eau- fumier passe, par le registre & main 5, dans la fase de mélange 6 et de 1a, le cas échéant, dans ta citerne-reservoir 7. Dans la fosse 6, se trouve un agitateur- désintégrateur 9. Dans la rigele dCeou- iement peut aussi déboucher La conduite dévacua- tion 10 des eaux ménagéres usées, La caillebotis 6 consiste en une partic Glastique supéricuce TL et une partic inférieure rigide 12. Dans les figures 5 et 6, on a dessiné a cote du caillebotis, un élément constitutif de celui-ci; dan- la fivure 5. les parties (lastiques supérieures sont redressées ct dane la figure 6 ces parties. qui peuvent étre des nervures en matiores syuthetiques. sont tabattues. Cette position ne peut résulter qu de la charge imposée par les yxitles des animauy debout. es figures 2, 3 ct 4 montrent une piece rap portée 24. en forme de croix, les surfaces de sup port 25 Gant superposées an cailleleotis 3. On « éyalement indique schéematiquement tes nattes 2: dépassant le grillage. Les points de croisement du caillebotis rigid sont maintenant recouverts et, en posant cote a cli plusieurs parties 24. en forme de croix on obtien un grillage pouvant supporter en permanence I hitail debont ou couché, Les pattes 26, qui, dans | fizure 3. dépassent ta largeur du caillebotis ° TC ct tl as 3 = peuvent étre reliées entre elles par un recouvre- ment 27 comme le montre, dans la méme ligure, les petites branches de la ecreix, On obtient de cette facon une meilleure fixation sur le caille- botis, Au lieu de ces recouvrements 27, il existe encore dautres possibilités, On peut, par exemple, préevoir des bourrelets ou des trons of passent des hou. tons, ete, Ln moteur 13 commande Vagitatenr A manure disposal 2s claimed in Claim 1, in which the open portion of the channe! is covered by a grid. 45 3, A manure disposal installation 25 claimed in Claim 2 in which the grid is provided with deformable clastic members carrizd on rigid members of the grid. , 4. A manure disposal installation as claimed 50 in Claim 2 or 3, in which some of the bars of the grid are covered by clastic members which are cross-shaped and fit over the bars forming the grid. ; > 5. A manure disposal installation as claimed 55 in Claims 3 or 4, in which the clastic mem- bers are provided with downwardly extend- ing flaps and upwardly extending lugs, the flaps extending on cither side of the rigid bar members and interlocking with adjacent flaps and gripping the said rigid bars, said upwardly extending lugs being adapted to yield resiliently when deflected by load and to resume their original shape and position as son as any load applied to them 3s removed. ; 6. A manure disposal installation as claimed in any one of Claims 2 10 4 in which the upwardly extending lugs of the elastic mem- bes, when bent over by the application of weight thereto cover adjacent drainage aper- 70 tures provided in the said elastic members and spring tack into their original shape and position when such weight is removed there- from. 7. A manure disposal installation as claimed 75 in any of the preceding claims, in which the drainage channel is closablc, at Or near its discha-ge end, or additionally at intermediate roints along its course, by means of a slid: or slides, demestic waste water being arranged 80 to be discharged into the drainage channel. §. A manure disposal installation as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in which the manure mixing chamber and the storage tank are connected, at their lower parts, by the $5 w:cond pipe which is adapted to be closed by a slide valve, the said mixing chamber being provided with a motor driven stirring cutting mechanism and with a suction pipe leading to a pump, the suction opening of the said pipe 90 being adapted to be adjusted to various heights in the mixing chamber, the said pump being adapted to deliver manure into a pipe for removal of the manure, and sprinkling there- cf ever agricultural land. 95 9. A manure dispesal installations as claimed in Claim 8, in which the manure mixing chamber is of substantially conical shape at its lower part, tapering to minimum diameter at its lowest point, the stirring and 100 cutting mechanism being arranged in its lower part, whilst the storage tank is provided with stirring blades. 10. A manure disposal installation as claimed in any of the preceding claims, in 105 which the upper surface of the clastic upper portion of the grid is flush with the floor surface of the stall. 11. A manure disposal installation, con- structed and arranged to operate substan- 110 tially as herein described, with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying draw- ings. POTTS & CO. 65 Leamington Spa: Printed for Mer Published at The Patent Otfice. 25, South 99. Maiestv’s Stationery OMice by the Courier Press.—1963. — _ emeean Buildings. London, W.C.2, from which copies may be obtained. a a /~? 8961 230 : : : ae : ae YRITOEYD HANOS NOSHATD BOLIEWIG “4AANN EB OFT “FDAUTS NOTEN DARD BSNAIMNDIMOY 40 ANBHAWY ESO BBAVAS GBLINA MAIM ONIAVYEBAZOOD 3037102 WENAINDWOY NOSHETD eM - Ae A ; ‘ NWLAP l a 4 , Z > Fe 5 ‘ , ¢ F “ woe aw Ae eww. 00 owe Sh Rt ve lai ro knn dtl *. a . . . 4 Mm a 8 ead oo ti Se Pe ee x “ A ~~ ad + : So RL RA ae eee » o Pase + . 7 “ : ote" 4 Se tee ‘ : > . ‘ - . “~ — ‘ . we . % a3 2? . at 4 » ~ eo > a~® ‘ | ‘ . ‘ -— - sania dumaes nattiiencieen inane esa acn cae . : j , & ee 2 ; ~ ge he -, * . TR re ~_ ¥ ° 4 ~ ad 6 ae mia eal . ow , er -2/ON MOOSGNVH ONINSSNIONS IWHNLINDIYOV NOISN3LX3 Se Zz — Os: x vO o zz ££ ow e & a ~~ won oe 100. 2 er 263 26',, 26 3 2 ‘oo ~—e 2 ame @ee~w @& | Nive .9 . * I~ g , wy . -| ' r Is a ¢ 4 ~ } ‘tt STIS MODO! Of > [= 5 WOON wih le | . ™~NivuO .® 1] 0 : : = — i : 1 nOOw HUA SY a ,O' Os .t NIVHO O1 34075 ° alata taretanety = 9 Ly +t ne 13439 BAYS WO r ii { fl wOIvedY [ KO@ w3i009 jf) CU eo ~ } AZ NITY a yagLlitt (= a ee iT yr NITHO LD ret 6-4 Sliwis mod Oo: f iinet ir | an fF | | r | | | ie | * = E | | a, .I-f = 9- VAs) INWS NO i | $ unestliininnetenninsdibmmanhenenenilome _————— TS VN SS SS TT r Oo ; » ; me : WOON 0334 | ~ EE 6h eiianetiieteerteennnienteeieeienainniinia a v ee on / moOw 0334 SY | ut | ' ! P * 1343) Jnvs nO ra °, HL AVIW g 0334 : i ‘= = ao semen Ee ee = a} eg ee + a ee ee - 2 — —— — » 7 7 ! ‘ i =r nell —— ae a —2 OS eS a ee a j IE TT tobe. | i — 0 —9 —+e— 9-9 —~ 8 > LE -_-_—_— | 0-9 = —,0—9 ——me— O-— 9 —ere— 0—9 —ae— 0--9 L - 0-9 wil o—9 -_ 6 -—— vA ” ~ i The Way Cows Will © On YOUR Farm “Tomo 4 , “The Milking Parlor and | ws " is a wide lane which serves os a Holding Area for a large herd. As cows move through parlor, gote can be swung across lane to i crowd remaining cows. Your Holding Pen Makes a § Difference in Milking Efficiency A Holding Pen is more thon just a fence to separote the i unmilked cows from the milked ones! it is actually on integro! port of a loose-housing system ond should be plonned to hold cows so that they con and will move ovtomatically and swiftly into the milking porlor. In the first place it should be “too small” for cow comfort . about 14 squore feet per animc! pocks cows tightly enough so that they will WANT to get out . . . through the milking parlor. Some men use sectional gotes to reduce I holding creo os cows leave it. Some hove power operated fences which hold cows bunched up os others move out to be milked. Also it should channel the cows toward the milking parlor door. A squore pen is never as good os a long narrow one . . Or, @ triangulor pen which guides cows to parlor ramp P or entronce door. de '+See ™ -* . on wae > Cows can be crowded closer + milking parlor by means o gates that swing ocross to en sq. ff. crea per cow is amp for holding areas. — 4 / Jf ~~ 4 ™~ | “SS J Cows will usually pass a WY ~ through parior very prompt- ee - NS’S 4 A . ‘ . 5 ‘ *- ly, especially when they ore fed ‘ > > their groin while milking. Mech- : fS C _ enized or electrified gotes moy be , _. eS devised to encovroge cows to move f > Ah quickly. je 45 Temporary electric fencing con be mode to work well for holding creas. For best results provide o pen thot funnels the cows to- word o romp or steps with a holding lane long enough for 2 or 3 cows to line up . . . so thot there will be no place to go but into the milking parlor. Since the Holding Areo will need regulor cleaning, pro- vide gates or movable fence so that power equipment moy be used ot the some times the poved lot is cleaned. CLEANING The Holding Area os well os the Poved Lot should be clecned os needed to prevent ony build-up of mud or monure. By meons of portable fences and o notural slope, such cleaning can be done with tractor and scroper blade. Some dairymen provide a “dock” where droppings may be scraped into spreoders parked below dock level. Others load spreoders regularly . . . or, push woste ond manure into co side oreo until spreading con be done conveniently. Liquid monure os oa fertilizer is popular in some creas. Special equipment ond provision for handling it is necessary. Check with loca! college agricultural engineering depart- ments. Mar Be C.aséo Ue Wutw SPearins a foe fiy fl i 426 Doors HinGEO Ow Borrom Ricows Licnt Ano close cows tightly. 14 to 1¢ “J f VENTILATION k = ' = : f- = ha Ree — - — ee Ff Rents : - Concrere FLOOR Co if — Te et ~/8" Ripce On Eoce i a Prepared by . a a =! For Erricigent CLEANING ( : : " °? ~ st: . .- . ou . - — , " P Zines | MECHANICALLY CONTROLLED HOLDING AREAS en a large com- COVERED HOLDING AREAS ore desirable when cows need pro € - : BABSON BROS — : = ae m merciol dairy handling up to 1000 cows. “Strings” of 60 to 80 tection from freezing winds, smow or excessive rains for consider- i ae ‘ + é ; al Fr Aes onimals ore brought from corrals to pens shown. As cows move able periods of time. A well drained, unobstructed area for clean- Or ke ae . ‘ oe Tat o3f sae through porier, gotes on trocks keep cows bunched toward en- ing is necessary. Good ventilation and light is needed to help dry ON Se D ; > no a? egy ee 4,5 te RS , trance ramps. in warmer climates, spray heads ore sometimes set the crea. Avoid holding cows on bedded creas or any crea which zs %. ¥ RESEARCH ‘SERVICE Atk :° Soi be A e we en in concrete for washing away mud er dust during holding. cannot be cleaned regularly. ~a es - o-- oe 31,8. o -fo @ wi: *4 “eho bees . rn) ** 7 Editorial Note AFTER BLACK ROCK: NEW TESTS OF PATENTABILITY—THE OLD TESTS OF INVENTION Introduction In Anderson’s-Black Rock, Inc. v. Pavement Salvage Co.' the Su- preme Court revived the illusory “invention” standard as a req- uisite of patent validity. In light of its apparent rejection by Congress and subsequent abandonment by the Court, the reappearance of this standard in Black Rock raises questions of vital concern to proponents of a functional patent system. The ample history of its application in- dicates that the “invention” requirement provided little guidance in determining patentability. Aptly termed “the plaything of the judges,"* it was never clearly defined nor consistently employed.* 1. 396 U.S. 57, 163 U.S.P.Q. 673 (1969).. 2. Judge Rich of the Court of Patent Appeals has stated: In the final analysis, all it amounted to was that if the court thought the invention, though new and useful, was not patentable, then it did not involve “invention” and vice versa. The requirement for “invention” was the plaything of the judges who. as they became initiated into its mysteries, delighted to devise and expound their own ideas of what it meant; some very ny A prose resulting. Rich, Principles of Patentability, 28 Gro. Wasn. L. Rev. 393, 404 i960). Speaking of “invention,” the Supreme Court has said: The truth is the word cannot be defined in such manner as to afford any substantial aid in determining whether a particular device involves an exercise of the inventive faculty or not. In a given case we may be able to say that there is present invention of a very high order. In another we can see that there is lacking that impalpable — which distinguishes invention from simple mechanical skill. Courts, adopting fixed principles as a guide, have by a process of ex- October 1970 Vol. 3? No. i 123 106. The presence or absence of “invention,” ostensibly a guide to measure the patentee’s claim, served rather as a vehicle for rationaliz- ing a conclusion derived from judicial consideration of a variety of factors—factors as numerous as the courts which examined them. The inconsistency and uncertainty which attended the courts varic- gated approach prompted Congress to [Text truncated at 120,000 characters. The full text is on the page linked above.] --- Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/brief%3Amicro_IA40385003_0752%3A03. Public record. Not legal advice.