# Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022

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Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
by Adrian Dungan and Adam Snyder

F

or Tax Year (TY) 2022, there were approximately 31.0
million individual income tax returns that reported nonfarm sole proprietorship activity, a 5.7% increase from
2021. Total receipts reported by nonfarm sole proprietorships
increased 11.4%, while deductions increased 14.7%, and profits
fell 0.2% to $410.7 billion in 2022. In constant dollars, total
receipts rose by 4.0%, deductions rose by 7.0%, and profits decreased by 6.8%. Total profits as a percentage of business receipts went from 22.0% in TY 2021 down to 19.7% in TY 2022,
the lowest it has been since 1990. The professional, scientific,
and technical services sector remained the sector with the largest share of profits at 24.7% with profits increasing by 2.5% to
$101.6 billion. Half of the sectors saw increases in profits, with
the largest percentage increase in the arts, entertainment, and
recreation sector, which increased 15.0% to $15.0 billion.
The construction sector reported the largest percentage of
total business receipts (18.1%) and total business deductions

(19.3%). The arts, entertainment, and recreation sector reported
the largest percentage increase in business receipts (24.4%) and
the construction sector experienced the largest dollar increase in
business receipts, increasing by $57.1 billion.

Returns and Receipts

For all nonfarm sole proprietorship industries, total business receipts (the sum of “income from sales and operations” and “other
business income”) increased 11.4%, from $1,868.0 billion to
$2,080.7 billion (Figure A).1 Between TYs 2021 and 2022, the
number of individual income tax returns reporting nonfarm sole
proprietorship activity increased 5.7% to 31.0 million (Figure
A).2 The wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers) sector had the
largest percentage increase in the number of returns among all
sectors, increasing 14.4% for TY 2022 following a 9.3% rise in
TY 2021.

Figure A
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorship Returns, Receipts, and Deductions, by Selected Industrial Sector, Tax Years 2021 and 2022
[Number of returns is in thousands--money amounts are in billions of dollars]]

Number of returns
Selected industrial sector

2021

Total business receipts

2022

Percentage
increase

2021

2022

Total business deductions [1]

Percentage
increase

2021

2022

Percentage
increase

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

All nonfarm industries

29,309.6

30,983.8

5.7

1,868.0

2,080.7

11.4

1,458.0

1,671.9

14.7

Construction
Wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers)
Retail trade
Transportation and warehousing
Finance and insurance
Real estate and rental and leasing
Professional, scientific, and technical services
Administrative and support and waste management services
Health care and social assistance
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other services
All other sectors

3,145.5
363.7
2,687.8
3,671.9
718.9
1,499.7
3,680.2
2,775.9
2,190.0
1,626.7
3,704.3
3,244.9

3,316.9
416.1
2,402.6
3,775.8
714.4
1,531.9
3,917.1
3,147.6
2,420.1
1,806.7
4,052.7
3,481.8

5.4
14.4
-10.6
2.8
-0.6
2.1
6.4
13.4
10.5
11.1
9.4
7.3

320.0
63.9
222.8
176.2
123.0
127.1
227.3
100.2
129.1
51.5
137.0
190.0

377.1
75.5
211.8
202.6
123.8
125.8
247.8
118.0
142.3
64.0
160.2
231.7

17.8
18.1
-4.9
15.0
0.6
-1.0
9.0
17.8
10.2
24.4
17.0
22.0

269.6
58.0
205.8
151.5
95.7
81.0
128.3
73.8
81.6
38.6
105.4
168.8

322.9
69.6
198.5
180.3
96.6
79.4
146.5
88.7
91.7
49.2
127.5
220.9

19.8
20.1
-3.5
19.0
1.0
-2.0
14.2
20.3
12.5
27.4
21.0
30.9

[1] Total business deductions are calculated before subtraction of nonallowable "passive" activity losses and inclusion of any "passive loss" carryover from prior years.
NOTES: Detail may not add to totals because of rounding. Percentages were calculated before rounding.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

Statistics for “business receipts, total” in Table 2 represent the total receipts of the business, mainly gross receipts from sales and operations. Business receipts also include miscellaneous
business receipts, such as incidental sales of scrap, shown separately as “other business income.” However, business receipts exclude incidental investment income received through the business.
Examples of such incidental investment income are interest, dividends, income or loss from rents or royalties, and capital or ordinary gain or loss from the sales of investment and business
properties. Sole proprietors report incidental investment income, in combination with nonbusiness related investment income, as part of their total income on their individual income tax returns.
2
For TY 2022, the 30,980,966 nonfarm sole proprietorship returns accounted for an estimated 35,255,144 nonfarm businesses. For purposes of these statistics, if a proprietor owned more than
one business, the statistics for each business were combined with those of the proprietor’s dominant business and included in the industrial group for that business activity. When this occurred,
the sum of net incomes (for businesses reporting a positive net income) reduced by the sum of net deficits (for businesses reporting a deficit) yielded the profits for a specific industrial group.
The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) was used to classify data by industries. The Statistics of Income (SOI) Division applied these classifications on a “per business”
(rather than on a “per establishment”) basis by combining various industry groups, although businesses were further combined as described above. While the wording of the industry titles used
for the sole proprietorship statistics diverge somewhat from those appearing in NAICS, the definitions are consistent.
NAICS for industrial coding was introduced in 1998. Prior to 1998, industries were classified using the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC). Due to coding changes, comparisons between
data by industry from 1998–2021 with 1997 and prior years may show inconsistencies. A reason for this is that several types of sole proprietorships under NAICS were classified in completely
different industrial groups, which makes prior-year comparisons under the SIC system inappropriate. For example, in 1997, finance, insurance, and real estate were classified as one industry
under the SIC system, while under the NAICS system, the group is split into two industrial sectors. The industrial sectors based on the NAICS codes are reported in Tables 1 and 2.
1

Statistics of Income

Statistics of Income Bulletin | Spring 2025

www.irs.gov/statistics

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
The number of returns for the subsector of the transportation
and warehousing specific to Taxis, limousines, and other ridesharing services, rose by 4.7% while the business receipts in this
subsector increased by 34.6%. Between TYs 2013 and 2022, the
average business receipts per return in this subsector (taxis, etc.)
fell from $36,420 to $33,023, although the 2022 average was
the highest for this group since 2013 (Figure B).
The administrative and support and waste management
services and the construction sectors had relatively large percentages of profits accounted for by returns with business receipts of less than $100,000. In the administrative and support
and waste management services sector, 93.7% of returns had

business receipts less than $100,000; these returns accounted
for 53.1% of the sector’s total profits. For the transportation and
warehousing sector, 88.3% of the returns had business receipts
of $100,000 or less; these returns accounted for 43.1% of total
profits while the construction sector had 79.7% of such returns,
accounting for 38.3% of its total profits. (Figure C) Conversely,
the wholesale trade (0.7%), the finance and insurance (8.5%)
and retail trade (-7.2%) sectors had much lower percentages
of profits accounted for by returns with business receipts of
$100,000 or less. The professional, scientific, and technical services sector and the transportation and warehousing sector had
the largest number of returns with business receipts less than

Figure B
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements for Taxis and Limousines, Including Ride-Sharing Services, Tax Years 2013–2022
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Net income status, item

Taxis and limousines, including ride-sharing services
2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET
INCOME
Number of returns [1]
Business receipts, total [1,2]
Income from sales and operations [1]

230,481

331,281

555,046

847,065

1,037,701

1,103,024

1,363,610

1,170,553

1,121,324

134,848

8,394,177

10,874,894

12,808,899

16,667,209

21,538,304

26,481,055

33,718,564

21,383,832

28,793,892

8,565,515
8,470,012

8,238,769

10,658,172

12,680,939

16,445,007

21,283,180

26,077,063

33,303,882

20,922,905

28,259,130

Other business income (loss) [1]

155,408

216,722

127,959

222,202

255,124

403,992

414,682

460,927

534,762

95,503

Business deductions, total [1,2,3]

6,026,516

8,405,469

10,153,715

13,459,248

17,853,556

22,749,710

28,736,655

19,263,108

24,510,621

8,134,428

Cost of sales and operations

85,707

220,143

200,268

168,933

203,540

137,168

327,319

172,508

382,383

4,919,012

Advertising expenses

58,833

46,425

60,397

69,043

90,730

114,344

86,927

80,094

86,668

140,085

1,446,115

2,154,758

2,725,539

4,480,628

6,469,898

8,946,327

12,245,949

7,857,552

9,155,266

308,150

Commissions

179,673

230,200

487,736

794,283

1,222,840

1,661,332

2,211,004

1,168,043

1,907,585

66,356

Contract labor

193,757

278,918

199,810

179,858

489,904

277,689

342,311

231,378

185,895

96,039

Depreciation

252,269

362,876

488,304

459,246

678,466

649,395

839,486

770,476

800,468

124,416

Insurance

303,001

403,056

382,624

487,139

520,928

551,804

639,088

562,811

607,399

56,342

Legal and professional services

36,102

45,489

60,581

77,012

135,018

189,579

187,871

140,485

158,489

64,303
25,104

Car and truck expenses

Meals and entertainment deducted

68,614

85,709

89,987

224,901

273,547

295,317

329,951

272,742

411,572

Other interest paid on business indebtedness

49,441

13,270

34,864

30,653

39,506

62,813

46,371

33,338

29,541

40,275

Office expenses

21,934

29,264

57,056

75,168

97,634

130,595

96,745

104,520

132,692

143,205

Rent paid on machinery and equipment

1,244,278

1,676,672

1,613,450

1,622,525

1,484,949

1,407,164

1,410,343

827,056

931,342

8,890

Rent paid on other business property

149,334

120,421

234,897

227,218

242,263

263,762

421,073

205,482

304,966

296,973

Repairs

209,576

289,536

359,142

375,638

528,036

640,663

699,347

584,932

714,954

41,706

Supplies

41,890

125,806

99,870

199,312

245,197

387,074

445,042

448,008

639,611

198,127

Salaries and wages

115,582

103,728

109,566

219,346

129,258

115,582

247,937

109,566

109,566

129,258

Taxes paid

89,953

139,797

122,103

211,215

222,812

263,331

230,948

155,745

210,263

117,173

Travel

53,945

73,095

74,806

105,037

206,122

291,242

212,532

167,705

185,324

37,583

Utilities

145,183

199,119

320,180

429,427

581,156

749,740

924,816

746,199

784,412

185,231

Other business expenses

1,206,370

1,669,365

2,206,131

2,728,782

3,685,076

5,292,885

6,649,634

4,458,200

6,662,645

744,803

Net income less deficit [1,2]

2,367,665

2,470,162

2,656,632

3,223,125

3,694,665

3,760,332

5,023,587

2,259,454

4,313,164

429,286

2,629,448

2,940,526

3,457,190

4,382,503

5,485,379

6,176,837

7,907,572

5,181,445

7,062,741

983,440

261,783

470,364

800,558

1,159,378

1,790,714

2,416,505

2,883,985

2,921,992

2,749,578

554,154

Net income [1,2]
Deficit [2]
Returns with Schedule C-EZ:
Number of returns

23,418

36,026

126,124

193,612

169,286

107,768

[4]

[4]

[4]

[4]

Business receipts

223,733

197,099

502,216

595,387

731,185

522,547

[4]

[4]

[4]

[4]

Business deductions

39,465

39,656

164,642

198,272

224,661

160,568

[4]

[4]

[4]

[4]

Net income

184,268

157,444

337,574

397,116

506,525

361,979

[4]

[4]

[4]

[4]

[1] Includes returns with Schedule C-EZ attached. Schedule C-EZ was filed for certain small businesses, i.e., those with net incomes, business expenses of $5,000 or less, used the cash accounting method, with
no inventories or employees, and with no deduction for a home office business and no allowable "passive" activity losses. Because only a total is reported for business deductions on Schedule C-EZ, the totals
shown in the statistics exceed the sum of the detailed deductions; the detailed deductions are, therefore, slightly understated.
[2] Total business deductions are before subtraction of nonallowable "passive" activity losses and any "passive loss" carryover from the prior
years. However, these losses (after subtraction) and any carrryover are reflected in net income or deficit. Therefore, total business receipts minus total business deductions may not always equal net income or
deficit.
[3] Total business deductions will not be equal to the total as items with an estimate based on a small number of sample returns have been removed.
[4] Schedule C-EZ was eliminated for Tax Year 2019 in accordance with the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
NOTE: Detail may not add to totals because of rounding.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

3

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Figure C
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Percentage of Industry’s Total Returns and Total Net Income for Returns with Business Receipts
Equal to or Less than $100,000, by Selected Industry, Tax Year 2022

30.1%

88.7%

All nonfarm industries
-7.2%

88.3%

Retail trade
0.7%

81.3%

Wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers)
8.5%

77.1%

Finance and insurance
17.5%

83.7%

Real estate and rental and leasing
22.1%

87.0%

Professional, scientific, and technical services
32.0%

94.8%

Arts, entertainment, and recreation
35.4%

90.2%

Health care and social assistance
38.3%

79.7%

Construction
43.1%

88.3%

Transportation and warehousing
53.1%

93.7%

Administrative and support and waste management services
-20%

0%

20%
Net income

40%

60%

80%

100%

Number of returns

SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

$100,000 with 3.4 and 3.3 million returns, respectively. Overall,
returns with business receipts of $100,000 or less comprised
88.7% of all sole proprietor returns, but earned just 30.1% of
the profits.
The arts, entertainment, and recreation sector showed the
largest percentage increase in business receipts, increasing
24.4% to $64.0 billion for TY 2022. The wholesale trade sector
experienced the second largest percentage increase in business
receipts, increasing by 18.1% to $75.5 billion. In constant dollars, total business receipts for TY 2022 experienced a modest
percentage increase compared to the 34 years covered in this
study, growing by 4.0% to $1,762.9 billion (in 2017 dollars,
Figure D).3

Deductions

Total business deductions (“cost of sales and operations” plus
business expenses, including expenses for home offices) in current dollars increased 14.7%, from $1,458.0 billion in TY 2021
to $1,671.9 billion in TY 2022 (Figure A).4, 5 In constant dollars,
total business deductions increased 7.0% in 2022 (Figure D).
Deductions for the construction sector, the largest sector
in terms of total business deductions, increased 19.8%, from
$269.6 billion in 2021 to $322.9 billion in 2022. The arts, entertainment, and recreation sector had the largest percentage increase of total business deductions, increasing 27.4% to $49.2
billion.

Based on the overall implicit price deflator for Gross Domestic Product. See U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business. Indices used for this
article can be found in Figure L.
4
Sole proprietors report personal, i.e., nonbusiness income and expense items, apart from business income or loss, which is reported on Profit or Loss From Business (Schedule C). Salaries
paid to owners are neither deducted as wages paid on Schedule C nor included as wages received on Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return. Similarly, sole proprietors deduct charitable
contributions made through the business as personal expenses on Schedule A, Itemized Deductions. However, the owner of a sole proprietorship may choose to deduct any foreign taxes paid as
a business expense, unless the owner elects to claim these taxes as a credit against U.S. income tax.
5
Business deductions include the home office business deductions. After 1990, home office expenses were calculated separately on Form 8829, Expenses for Business Use of Your Home and
the deductible portion brought forward to Schedule C. In some cases, these expenses were limited. Starting in TY 2013, sole proprietors could also use a simplified method to determine these
costs by reporting on Schedule C square footage (up to 300 square feet) used for the home office. The taxpayer could then take $5 per square foot as a business expense. Prior to 1990, these
expenses were not limited and were included with other expenses, such as depreciation deductions, utilities, and “other” expenses on Schedule C.
3

Statistics of Income Bulletin

4

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Figure D
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Deductions, and Profits, Tax Years 1988–2022
Tax year

1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022

Current
dollars

Total business receipts
Constant dollars [2]
Percentage
Amount
change

Total business deductions [1]
Constant dollars [2]
Current
Percentage
dollars
Amount
change

Net income less deficit (profits)
Constant dollars [2]
Current
Percentage
dollars
Amount
change

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

672.0
692.8
730.6
712.6
737.1
757.2
790.6
807.4
843.2
870.4
918.3
969.3
1,021.0
1,016.8
1,029.7
1,050.2
1,139.5
1,222.9
1,278.4
1,324.4
1,317.4
1,178.4
1,195.5
1,265.9
1,301.6
1,341.6
1,393.9
1,443.6
1,422.2
1,531.3
1,589.7
1,639.7
1,605.2
1,868.0
2,080.7

1,221.6
1,211.9
1,231.9
1,162.3
1,175.5
1,179.6
1,205.9
1,206.1
1,237.1
1,255.3
1,309.6
1,363.1
1,403.9
1,367.4
1,363.6
1,363.8
1,441.0
1,499.4
1,520.6
1,533.8
1,496.9
1,330.7
1,333.8
1,383.8
1,396.8
1,415.6
1,445.6
1,483.4
1,447.7
1,531.3
1,554.1
1,576.5
1,523.2
1,694.9
1,762.9

[3]
-0.8
1.7
-5.7
1.1
0.3
2.2
[4]
2.6
1.5
4.3
4.1
3.0
-2.6
-0.3
0.0
5.7
4.1
1.4
0.9
-2.4
-11.1
0.2
3.7
0.9
1.3
2.1
2.6
-2.4
5.8
1.5
1.4
-3.4
11.3
4.0

545.7
560.2
589.2
571.2
583.1
600.8
623.8
638.1
666.5
683.9
716.2
761.4
806.4
799.6
808.9
820.2
892.4
953.4
1,001.1
1,044.3
1,053.7
934.5
929.0
984.2
997.6
1,040.4
1,078.5
1,112.8
1,094.9
1,186.5
1,242.4
1,283.0
1,268.9
1,458.0
1,671.9

992.0
980.0
993.5
931.7
929.9
935.9
951.5
953.3
977.7
986.3
1,021.3
1,070.8
1,108.9
1,075.4
1,071.2
1,065.1
1,128.5
1,169.0
1,190.8
1,209.4
1,197.2
1,055.3
1,036.4
1,075.9
1,070.5
1,097.8
1,118.5
1,143.5
1,114.5
1,186.5
1,214.6
1,233.5
1,204.1
1,322.9
1,416.6

[3]
-1.2
1.4
-6.2
-0.2
0.6
1.7
0.2
2.6
0.9
3.6
4.8
3.6
-3.0
-0.4
-0.6
6.0
3.6
1.9
1.6
-1.0
-11.9
-1.8
3.8
-0.5
2.5
1.9
2.2
-2.5
6.5
2.4
1.6
-2.4
9.9
7.0

126.3
132.7
141.4
141.5
154.0
156.5
166.8
169.3
176.8
186.6
202.3
207.9
214.7
217.4
221.1
230.3
247.6
269.9
278.0
280.6
264.5
244.8
267.7
282.6
304.9
302.3
317.1
331.8
328.2
346.2
348.5
355.2
337.2
411.3
410.7

229.6
232.1
238.4
230.8
245.6
243.7
254.4
252.9
259.3
269.2
288.5
292.4
295.3
292.3
292.8
299.1
313.1
331.0
330.7
324.9
300.5
276.5
298.7
309.0
327.2
318.9
328.8
341.0
334.1
346.2
340.7
341.5
320.0
373.2
347.9

[3]
1.1
2.7
-3.2
6.4
-0.8
4.4
-0.6
2.6
3.8
7.2
1.4
1.0
-1.0
0.2
2.1
4.7
5.7
-0.1
-1.8
-7.5
-8.0
8.0
3.5
5.9
-2.5
3.1
3.7
-2.0
3.6
-1.6
0.2
-6.3
16.6
-6.8

[1] Total business deductions are calculated before subtraction of nonallowable "passive" activity losses and any "passive loss" carryover from prior years. However, these losses (after subtraction) and any
carryover are reflected in net income less deficit. Therefore, total business receipts minus total business deductions may not always equal net income less deficit.
[2] Current dollars are the value of a dollar at the time it was measured. Constant dollars are based on the overall implicit price deflator for gross domestic product computed and reported by the U.S. Department
of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, in the Survey of Current Business. The deflator represents the annual average of current-weighted prices, based on 2017 = 100.
[3] Not calculated.
[4] Less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Percentages were calculated before rounding.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

The cost of sales and operations represented 34.7% of total
TY 2022 business deductions ($580.2 billion) (Table 2). Total
business “expenses” (total business deductions minus the cost
of sales and operations) were $1,091.8 billion for 2022.
Historically, constant dollar depreciation increased almost
every year from 1993 through 2003.6 Between TYs 2004 and
2009, constant dollar depreciation dropped significantly, going
from $54.3 billion to $39.0 billion. In TY 2012, it dropped to
$36.7 billion, but subsequently climbed back to $42.1 billion
by 2017 (Figure E). Increases in TYs 2003 and 2008 coincided
with legislative changes to Section 179 of the Internal Revenue
Code (IRC) that substantially increased the amount of certain
investment property that could be expensed in a given year

rather than depreciated over time. Under the Jobs and Growth
Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003, the maximum allowable Section 179 deduction vaulted from $24,000 in 2002 to
$100,000 in 2003. This change led to a constant dollar depreciation increase of 11.7% for 2003, which was the third highest
growth in depreciation of any year between TYs 1988 and 2021.
The initial increase in depreciation was followed by trends of
decreased depreciation, which is consistent with deductions
being accelerated into the year of expensing. Constant dollar
declines of depreciation were reported for TYs 2005, 2006, and
2007. This downward trend was particularly pronounced in
2005, as constant dollar depreciation fell by 11.7%, followed
by decreases of 3.2% in 2006 and 1.0% in 2007. During this

Under IRC Section 179, the cost of certain tangible property may be treated as a current expense rather than a capital expenditure subject to depreciation deductions. The Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1993 (OBRA93) increased the maximum amount of investment that could immediately be deducted on property placed in service after 1992, from $10,000 to $17,500.
The increase in the constant dollar depreciation deductions for 1993, and subsequent decline in 1995, may be attributed, in part, to this provision of OBRA93. Following the enactment of this
provision, the 179 deduction for all individuals (not just sole proprietors) filing Form 4562, Depreciation and Amortization, increased 32.4% to $13.5 billion for 1993.
6

Statistics of Income Bulletin

5

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Figure E
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Net Income, Deficit, and Depreciation, Tax Years 1988–2022
[Money amounts are in billions of dollars]

Current dollars [1]
Tax year

Constant dollars [1]

Percentage change in constant dollars [1]

Net income

Deficit

Depreciation [2]

Net income

Deficit

Depreciation [2]

Net income

Deficit

Depreciation [2]

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

1988

145.5

19.2

26.1

264.5

34.9

47.4

[3]

[3]

[3]

1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022

152.4
161.7
162.4
173.5
177.0
187.8
191.7
200.1
210.5
226.2
233.4
245.2
250.2
257.3
269.1
290.5
314.8
326.8
335.1
325.3
308.9
323.2
337.0
357.1
357.4
374.5
392.1
389.1
415.8
430.0
443.3
436.4
516.9
543.9

19.7
20.2
20.9
19.5
20.5
21.0
22.5
23.4
23.8
23.9
25.5
30.5
32.8
36.2
38.8
42.9
44.8
48.7
54.5
60.8
64.1
55.5
54.3
52.2
55.1
57.5
60.3
60.9
69.5
81.5
88.1
99.2
105.5
133.2

24.5
23.7
23.1
23.3
25.0
26.2
26.2
27.4
28.6
29.1
30.6
32.2
33.4
36.6
41.8
42.9
39.1
39.0
39.6
41.4
34.5
35.1
35.6
34.2
35.4
36.6
38.4
38.4
42.1
50.8
52.0
55.1
65.6
78.2

266.6
272.7
264.9
276.7
275.7
286.4
286.4
293.6
303.5
322.6
328.2
337.2
336.4
340.7
349.4
367.3
385.9
388.7
388.1
369.6
348.8
360.6
368.4
383.2
377.1
388.4
402.9
396.1
415.8
420.4
426.2
414.1
469.0
460.8

34.5
34.1
34.1
31.1
31.9
32.0
33.6
34.3
34.4
34.1
35.8
42.0
44.1
47.9
50.4
54.3
55.0
58.0
63.2
69.0
72.3
61.9
59.4
56.0
58.2
59.6
61.9
62.0
69.5
79.7
84.7
94.1
95.8
112.9

42.9
40.0
37.7
37.2
38.9
40.0
39.2
40.1
41.3
41.6
43.1
44.3
45.0
48.5
54.2
54.3
47.9
46.4
45.9
47.1
39.0
39.2
38.9
36.7
37.3
37.9
39.5
39.1
42.1
49.6
50.0
52.3
59.5
66.3

0.8
2.3
-2.9
4.5
-0.3
3.9
-0.0
2.5
3.4
6.3
1.8
2.7
-0.2
1.3
2.6
5.1
5.1
0.7
-0.2
-4.8
-5.6
3.4
2.2
4.0
-1.6
3.0
3.7
-1.7
5.0
1.1
1.4
-2.8
13.2
-1.8

-1.3
-1.2
0.1
-8.8
2.7
0.3
4.8
2.1
0.2
-0.7
5.0
17.2
5.1
8.6
5.1
7.8
1.3
5.4
9.0
9.3
4.8
-14.4
-4.1
-5.7
3.9
2.5
3.9
0.1
12.1
14.5
6.4
11.1
1.7
17.8

-9.7
-6.8
-5.7
-1.4
4.8
2.6
-1.9
2.4
2.8
0.7
3.7
2.8
1.5
7.9
11.7
0.1
-11.7
-3.2
-1.0
2.6
-17.2
0.5
-0.7
-5.6
1.6
1.6
4.1
-1.0
7.6
18.0
0.7
4.6
13.9
11.3

[1] Current dollars are the value of a dollar at the time it was measured. Constant dollars are based on the overall implicit price deflator for gross domestic product computed and reported by the U.S.
Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, in the Survey of Current Business. The deflator represents the annual average of current-weighted prices, based on 2017 = 100.
[2] Excludes depreciation claimed on Form 8829, Expenses for Business Use of Your Home.
[3] Not calculated.
[4] Less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Percentage changes were calculated before rounding.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

same three-year period, Section 179 limits gradually increased
for inflation, finally rising to $125,000 in 2007.7 In 2008, the
Section 179 limit was doubled to $250,000 and there was a 2.6%
increase in constant dollar depreciation. The $250,000 limit remained for TY 2009 and depreciation dropped 17.2%, which
was the largest decrease since at least 1988. In TY 2010, the
Section 179 limit was again doubled to $500,000, but constant

dollar depreciation increased by only 0.5%, from $39.0 billion
to $39.2 billion. The limit was increased as part of the stimulus packages created in response to the Great Recession.8 The
Section 179 limit remained $500,000 for TYs 2011 through
2017. For 2011, constant dollar depreciation dropped by 0.7%;
in 2012 it dropped another 5.6% to $36.7 billion, the lowest
level over the 34 years of this study. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

Under the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003, the maximum amount of a Section 179 deduction increased four times between 2002 and 2006, from $24,000 (2002) to
$100,000 (2003) to $102,000 (2004) to $105,000 (2005), and then to $108,000 (2006). This was further expanded to $125,000 for 2007 by the Small Business and Work Opportunity Tax Act of
2007 (PL 110-28). The Jobs Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002 introduced 30% bonus depreciation, and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 increased the bonus
percentage to 50% for property placed in service by January 1, 2005. While bonus depreciation was available to sole proprietors, it was generally not as advantageous as immediate expensing
and, therefore, likely had less effect on their depreciation deductions.
8
For 2008, the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 increased the maximum expensing deduction under Section 179 to $250,000. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 extended
that level through 2009. For all individual tax returns that filed Form 4562, Depreciation and Amortization, the Section 179 property deducted as an expense increased by 5.1% to $49.8 billion
for 2008. For 2009, when the maximum Section 179 deduction remained at $250,000, the amount deducted for all returns decreased by 17.2% to $41.3 billion. The amount deducted as Section
179 property on returns that had a Schedule C dropped 19.6% to $16.2 billion between 2008 and 2009. For 2010, the amount taxpayers could deduct as section 179 property increased to $500,000.
7

Statistics of Income Bulletin

6

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
of 2017 (TCJA) increased the additional first-year depreciation
deduction in IRC Section 168(k) from 50% to 100% for qualified property acquired and placed in service after September 27,
2017, and before January 1, 2023. The TCJA also expanded
bonus depreciation to certain used property. TY 2018 was the
first year that the TCJA impacted depreciation and, accordingly,
constant dollar depreciation rose by 18.0% to $49.6 billion. This
represents the highest percentage real growth in depreciation for
all 34 years included in this study. There was also a marked increase in constant dollar depreciation for TY 2021 when it rose
13.9% to $59.5 billion.
Beginning with TY 1992, certain smaller businesses could
elect not to itemize depreciation and other business deductions
by filing Schedule C-EZ, Net Profit From Business, a simplified
version of Schedule C, Profit or Loss From Business. (Schedules
C and C-EZ are the sources of nonfarm sole proprietorship
statistics.) However, for TY 2019, Schedule C-EZ was eliminated in accordance with IRC changes implemented by TCJA.
Previously, for TY 2018, taxpayers could use Schedule C-EZ
if they had business expenses of $5,000 or less; used the cash
accounting method; had no inventories; did not report a loss
from the business; had only one business as a sole proprietor;
and had no employees who were not required to file Form 4562,
Depreciation and Amortization for the business; claimed no deduction for home business expenses; and had no prior-year disallowed passive activity losses from the business. Since taxpayers using Schedule C-EZ did not itemize business deductions,
the detailed deductions in Table 2, based only on Schedule C
returns, are slightly understated and do not sum to the total deductions in Figure D.9

in 2022. Figure H shows net income less deficits as a percentage of business receipts for 1988 through 2022. In general, this
percentage has increased over time from a low of 18.8% for
1988, the exceptions being the periods leading up to the recession in the early 2000s and the Great Recession, starting in 2008.
For 2022, net income less deficits as a percentage of business
receipts decreased from 22.0% in 2021 to 19.7% in 2022, the
lowest it has been since 1990.

Profits and Losses

Figure F
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorship Profits, by Selected Industrial
Sector, Tax Years 2021 and 2022

Limited Liability Companies

TY 2001 was the first year for which data became available
on the number of Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) among
nonfarm sole proprietorship returns. LLC entities have limited
liability (like corporations), but they may be taxed as sole proprietorships (for which income and expenses flow through to
the owner to be taxed), if owned by one individual. In 2001,
there were a little over 126,000 sole proprietorship returns that
indicated status as an LLC, or 0.7% of total sole proprietorship
returns (Figure I). In contrast, for TY 2022, there were 3.5 million such sole proprietorships, which accounted for 11.4% of
the total nonfarm sole proprietorship returns, a nearly 28-fold
increase in the number of returns since 2001. The share of total
nonfarm sole proprietorship business receipts attributed to LLCs
also rose during this period, from approximately 2.3% in 2001
to 35.3% in 2022 (Figure J). Similarly, the portion of total net
income (less deficit) of all nonfarm sole proprietorships attributable to LLCs increased, from 1.0% in 2001 up to 21.1% in 2022.

Total profits in current dollars decreased by 0.2%, from $411.3
billion for TY 2021 to 410.7 billion for TY 2022. Sole proprietorship profits (net income less deficit) decreased across more
than half of sectors analyzed. The professional, scientific, and
technical services sector reported the largest percentage of total
profits of all nonfarm sole proprietorships, with 24.7% ($101.6
billion), and the sector had a $2.5 billion (2.5%) increase in
profits for TY 2022 compared to the previous year. The second
largest sector by profits, construction, reported an increase in
profits over TY 2021, rising 7.5% to $54.2 billion. The largest
percentage increase in profits was realized in the arts, entertainment, and recreation sector, which increased 15.0% for a gain of
$2.0 billion. Figure D presents total profits for all industries (in
both current and constant dollars) since TY 1988, while Figure
F (for 2021 and 2022) presents profits by selected industrial
sector and Figure G presents industrial profits as a percentage
of total profits.10
In constant (2017) dollars, total profits decreased by 6.8%
for 2022, going from $373.2 billion in 2021 to $347.9 billion

[Money amounts are in billions of dollars]

Net income less deficit (profits)
Selected industrial sector

All nonfarm industries
Construction
Wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers)
Retail trade
Transportation and warehousing
Finance and insurance
Real estate and rental and leasing
Professional, scientific, and technical services
Administrative and support and waste
management services
Health care and social assistance
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other services
All other sectors

2021

2022

Percentage
change

(1)
411.3
50.4
6.0
17.1
24.9
27.5
46.2
99.1

(2)
410.7
54.2
6.0
13.5
22.7
27.1
36.8
101.6

(3)
-0.2
7.5
-0.2
-21.3
-8.6
-1.5
-20.2
2.5

26.5

29.3

10.8

47.7
13.0
31.6
21.4

50.7
15.0
32.9
20.9

6.2
15.0
4.0
-2.1

NOTES: Detail may not add to totals because of rounding. Percentage changes were calculated before
rounding.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

The SOI sample includes a weighted amount of 38,963 prior-year returns that still had Schedule C-EZ attached. See IRS Publication 1304, Description of the Sample, for an explanation of
prior year returns in the SOI sample.
10
Net income minus deficit (loss) before federal income tax yields profits. Proprietors compute their tax on total “taxable income,” which includes their business profits, plus any other income.
9

Statistics of Income Bulletin

7

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Figure G
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Selected Industrial Sector Profits as a Percentage of Total Profits, Tax Year 2022
Wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers)

1.5

Retail trade

3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3.6

All other industries

5.1

Transportation and warehousing

5.5

Finance and insurance

6.6

Administrative and support and waste management services

7.1

Other services

8.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

9.0

Health care and social assistance

12.3

Construction

13.2

Professional, scientific, and technical services

24.7
0

5

10

15

20

25

Percentage of total profits
NOTES: Percentages are based on estimated total profits of $410.7 billion.
Detail may not add to 100 percent because of rounding.
Profits is a designation for "net income less deficit," discussed elsewhere in this article.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

Figure H
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorship Net Income Less Deficit (Profits) as a Percentage of Total Business Receipts, Tax Years 1988–2022
Percentage
25

24

23.4

23

22.4
22.0

22

21.4
20.9

21

21.1
20.7

21.9
21.5

21.4
21.5

21.021.0

21.7

21.7

23.1
22.6
22.0
21.9

21.7

21.2

21.0

20.8

21.0

20.1

19.4
19.2

18

23.0

22.3 22.5

22.1

19.9

20

19

22.7

19.7

18.8

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Tax year

Statistics of Income Bulletin

8

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Figure I
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Number Filing Returns Registered as a Limited Liability Company (LLC), Tax Years 2001–2022
Tax year
2022

3,547,102

2021

3,144,816

2020

2,783,413

2019

2,460,292

2018

2,119,147

2017

2,066,851

2016

1,868,459

2015

1,715,430

2014

1,619,099

2013

1,474,592

2012

1,324,196

2011

1,125,132

2010

1,059,910

2009

991,809

2008

842,819

2007

746,885

2006

606,889

2005

455,734

2004

309,665

2003

220,615

2002

145,839

2001

126,437
0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

4,000,000

Number of returns filed by nonfarm sole proprietorships registered as LLCs
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024

Summary

Income Tax Return (including electronically filed returns)
processed by the Internal Revenue Service during Calendar
Year 2022. Returns in the sample were stratified based on: (1)
the presence or absence of Schedule C, Profit or Loss From
Business (Sole Proprietorship) or Schedule C-EZ, Net Profit
From Business, and Schedule F, Farm Income and Expenses;
(2) the larger of positive income or negative income (i.e., “adjusted gross income” before statutory adjustments); and (3) tax
year. The returns were selected at rates that ranged from 0.1% to
100%. The 2022 nonfarm sole proprietorship data are based on
a sample of 118,695 returns and a population of 31,361,397 returns.11 The corresponding data for 2021 were based on a sample
of 124,469 returns and a population of 29,683,691 returns.
Since the data presented in this article are estimates based on
a sample of returns filed, they are subject to sampling error. To
use the statistical data estimates provided, the magnitude of the
potential sampling error must be known; coefficients of variation (CVs) are used to measure that magnitude. Figure K presents estimated coefficients of variation for total business receipts,

Business receipts for the 31.0 million returns with sole proprietorship activity for TY 2022 increased by 11.4% from TY 2021
to a level of $2,080 billion. The largest industrial sector, based
on business receipts, was the construction sector, accounting for
$377.1 billion in business receipts. The wholesale trade sector
had the largest percentage increase in returns (14.4%), while the
arts, entertainment, and recreation sector had the highest percentage increase in receipts (24.4%). Total nonfarm sole proprietorship profits for 2022 decreased 0.2% to $410.7. The professional, scientific, and technical services sector had the largest
profits of any sector, at $101.6 billion, representing 24.7% of
total sole proprietorship profits, followed by the construction
sector, at $54.2 billion or 13.2% of total profits.

Data Sources and Limitations

The 2022 sole proprietorship estimates are based on a stratified
probability sample of unaudited Forms 1040, U.S. Individual

The difference between the number of returns in the population and the total number of returns in Tables 1 and 2 is mainly due to returns in which Schedule C income was moved to other
income or wages to avoid double counting of taxpayers for Gross Domestic Product calculations. In addition, data from amended and tentative returns are not reflected in these statistics.
11

Statistics of Income Bulletin

9

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Figure J
Number of Returns, Business Receipts, and Profits for All Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships and Those Registered As Limited Liability
Companies (LLC),Tax Years 2001–2022
[Money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Number of returns
Tax Year

All nonfarm
sole
proprietorships

LLCs percentage
of all
nonfarm sole
proprietorships

(2)

(3)

(1)

Net income less deficit

Total business receipts

Nonfarm sole
proprietorships
registered
as LLCs

All nonfarm
sole proprietorships

Nonfarm sole
proprietorships
registered
as LLCs

LLCs percentage
All nonfarm
of all
nonfarm sole sole proprietorships
proprietorships
(6)

Nonfarm sole
proprietorships
registered
as LLCs

LLCs percentage
of all
nonfarm sole
proprietorships
(9)

(4)

(5)

(7)

(8)

2001

18,338,190

126,437

0.7

1,016,834,678

23,357,818

2.3

217,385,116

2,259,135

1.0

2002

18,925,517

145,839

0.8

1,029,691,760

39,239,656

3.8

221,113,286

3,378,774

1.5

2003

19,710,079

220,615

1.1

1,050,202,446

55,626,849

5.3

230,308,100

3,847,617

1.7

2004

20,590,691

309,665

1.5

1,139,523,760

82,850,651

7.3

247,567,189

6,743,666

2.7

2005

21,467,566

455,734

2.1

1,222,880,231

119,603,018

9.8

269,919,995

10,902,821

4.0

2006

22,074,953

606,889

2.7

1,278,359,791

151,746,232

11.9

278,032,643

14,270,523

5.1

2007

23,122,698

746,885

3.2

1,324,403,080

185,837,712

14.0

280,557,010

16,235,182

5.8

2008

22,614,483

842,819

3.7

1,317,443,005

205,646,039

15.6

264,508,362

18,215,151

6.9

2009

22,659,976

991,809

4.4

1,178,437,093

205,194,197

17.4

244,821,815

18,522,837

7.6

2010

23,003,656

1,059,910

4.6

1,195,538,629

220,116,934

18.4

267,699,702

23,915,511

8.9

2011

23,426,940

1,125,132

4.8

1,265,939,196

244,024,850

19.3

282,649,926

27,093,827

9.6

2012

23,553,850

1,324,196

5.6

1,301,569,749

291,350,534

22.4

304,895,911

35,841,019

11.8

2013

24,074,684

1,474,592

6.1

1,341,571,082

316,224,871

23.6

302,269,621

37,151,475

12.3

2014

24,631,831

1,619,099

6.6

1,393,884,201

342,093,644

24.5

317,058,087

43,427,440

13.7

2015

25,226,245

1,715,430

6.8

1,443,584,972

370,123,809

25.6

331,832,538

48,902,901

14.7

2016

25,525,915

1,868,459

7.3

1,422,204,586

399,904,053

28.1

328,209,453

51,214,709

15.6

2017

26,426,406

2,066,851

7.8

1,531,346,020

449,128,268

29.3

346,241,776

55,889,306

16.1

2018

27,117,163

2,119,147

7.8

1,589,748,596

459,459,012

28.9

348,509,654

55,514,156

15.9

2019

27,817,189

2,460,292

8.8

1,639,728,938

504,169,598

30.7

355,177,263

62,278,066

17.5

2020

28,353,367

2,783,413

9.8

1,605,197,079

518,629,767

32.3

337,201,262

66,352,083

19.7

2021

29,309,596

3,144,816

10.7

1,868,021,679

630,691,672

33.8

411,308,783

83,575,827

20.3

2022

30,983,810

3,547,694

11.5

2,080,716,063

735,461,036

35.3

410,664,065

86,644,820

21.1

SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, November 2024.

Figure K
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Coefficients of Variation for Selected Items, by Selected Industrial Sector, Tax Year 2022
[Coefficients of variation are in percentages]

Coefficients of variation
Industrial sector
(NAICS Code range)

All industries (000000-999999)
Construction (236100-238990)
Wholesale trade (423100-425120)
Retail trade (441110-459990)
Transportation and warehousing (481000-493100)
Finance and insurance (522100-525990)
Real estate and rental leasing (531100-533110)
Professional, scientific, and technical services (541100-541990)
Administrative and support and waste management services (551111-562000)
Health care and social assistance (621111-624410)
Arts, entertainment, and recreation (711100-713900)
Other services (811110-813000)
All other industries

Total
business
receipts

Total
business
deductions

Depreciation [1]

Net income

Deficit

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

0.52
1.79
3.88
2.31
1.97
1.94
2.37
1.64
2.50
1.86
2.97
2.31
1.90

0.57
1.87
3.93
2.30
1.94
1.88
2.59
1.97
2.75
1.97
3.02
2.50
1.89

1.39
3.73
8.54
5.44
3.71
7.90
4.32
5.54
5.90
5.61
5.92
5.35
3.40

0.70
2.18
6.14
3.61
2.68
3.53
2.93
1.85
2.74
2.42
3.74
2.46
2.66

1.23
5.20
8.30
4.08
4.06
4.24
4.22
3.92
4.87
5.35
4.93
3.97
3.36

[1] Excludes depreciation claimed on Form 8829, Expenses for Business Use of Your Home.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns, March 2025.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

10

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with and without net income
Industrial sector

All nonfarm industries
Agriculture, forestry, hunting, and fishing

Number
of returns

Business
receipts

(1)

(2)

Depreciation
deduction [1]
(3)

30,983,810 2,080,716,063

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment
(4)

Rent paid
on other
business
property

Interest paid
deduction [2]

(5)

(6)

Net income
less deficit

Payroll [3]

(7)

(8)

79,647,420

15,647,076

49,656,220

12,907,890

175,011,725

410,664,065

332,704

32,203,246

3,441,343

231,201

447,795

373,464

2,566,246

1,188,789

Animal production (including breeding of cats and dogs)

61,287

3,273,188

440,735

8,893

41,990

48,474

216,422

-445,014

Forestry and logging (including forest nurseries, timber tracts)

46,496

9,106,313

1,078,800

69,841

22,145

72,554

807,287

468,455

Fishing, hunting, and trapping

68,248

3,709,236

576,802

32,226

105,005

58,819

94,081

178,772

Support activities for agriculture and forestry

156,672

16,114,508

1,345,006

120,241

278,656

193,617

1,448,456

986,575

87,198

11,727,135

958,081

82,367

43,916

110,114

777,379

1,664,834

Oil and gas extraction

71,045

7,966,805

584,392

43,523

25,976

67,673

329,992

1,295,281

Other mining

5,687

1,049,560

139,765

8,417

6,052

20,617

119,368

26,881

Support activities for mining

10,467

2,710,770

233,925

30,427

11,888

21,824

328,019

342,671

Mining

Utilities

17,944

1,358,343

201,019

41,845

10,765

17,003

132,355

295,235

3,316,895

377,079,631

13,853,153

2,343,685

2,842,893

1,433,836

41,808,113

54,240,343

Construction of buildings

774,100

114,115,732

3,126,173

536,163

632,989

561,947

11,742,732

14,076,231

Heavy and civil engineering construction

64,104

11,118,914

981,488

102,663

95,966

114,453

1,628,020

701,476

2,478,691

251,844,985

9,745,492

1,704,859

2,113,938

757,435

28,437,361

39,462,636
3,759,232

Construction

Specialty trade contractors
Manufacturing

409,621

47,027,416

1,952,111

219,493

1,458,776

313,972

5,852,782

Food manufacturing

58,160

9,069,603

275,473

57,890

456,259

66,758

1,235,831

-97,995

Textile and textile product mills

13,419

1,196,274

24,845

* 5,822

32,055

* 7,410

* 123,741

105,872

Apparel

29,273

1,770,288

26,973

** 5,526

** 102,326

5,554

262,482

137,888

Leather and allied products

7,760

486,071

* 13,740

**

**

* 10,500

* 4,997

25,202

Wood products

34,145

4,499,475

278,600

14,430

70,444

16,868

613,820

232,431
-36,601

Paper products

2,038

341,572

* 14,362

* 246

* 2,782

* 525

* 25,509

Printing and related support activities

24,402

1,749,837

73,230

12,744

51,394

19,237

127,985

74,106

Petroleum and coal products

4,721

281,287

* 8,821

**

* 870

* 1,256

* 26,967

131,806

Chemical manufacturing

22,490

2,637,957

36,690

** 1,460

134,017

5,228

265,373

359,048

Plastic and rubber products

2,366

1,072,341

98,343

* 7,944

25,334

39,231

197,278

148,312

Nonmetallic mineral products

14,262

1,820,892

131,512

17,892

10,264

9,955

249,903

157,694

Primary metal industries

3,467

600,660

* 12,596

* 125

* 6,148

* 892

74,483

49,611

Fabricated metal products

37,303

5,879,147

368,919

15,797

72,684

41,067

822,391

615,825

Machinery

17,291

1,588,346

122,487

3,480

54,506

11,298

209,898

215,203

Computer and electronic products

6,864

929,415

21,194

* 75

40,904

14,224

110,473

64,950

Electrical equipment, appliances, and components

7,909

1,103,286

43,958

* 3,797

52,749

6,967

208,273

28,002

Transportation equipment

19,896

2,108,346

105,912

47,625

17,276

9,411

178,579

195,737

Furniture and related products

25,366

2,057,825

35,530

5,166

140,303

12,728

228,234

479,261

Miscellaneous manufacturing

78,490

7,834,795

258,926

19,472

188,462

34,862

886,565

872,879

Wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers)

416,055

75,534,641

1,314,832

194,951

1,060,324

322,130

3,405,006

5,971,628

Durable goods, including machinery, wood, metals, etc.

186,549

37,347,491

775,579

86,883

487,632

176,356

1,500,854

3,159,339

Nondurable goods, including food, fiber, chemicals, etc.

134,940

27,786,993

403,381

35,603

444,164

133,098

1,422,442

1,679,771

Wholesale electronic markets and agents and brokers

94,565

10,400,157

135,873

72,465

128,528

12,675

481,711

1,132,518

2,402,646

211,839,978

4,039,472

818,345

5,973,808

887,652

11,837,675

13,450,504
2,440,090

Retail trade
Motor vehicle and parts dealers

116,986

48,428,139

685,568

78,526

642,680

196,687

2,287,339

Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers

46,297

11,140,176

353,448

58,567

203,296

45,920

808,650

956,510

Food and beverage stores

364,472

35,313,607

694,578

147,983

939,041

121,121

2,574,116

1,579,164

Furniture and home furnishing retailers

25,180

4,015,719

59,932

13,393

285,526

11,635

445,233

194,581

Electronic and appliance retailers (including computers)

20,090

3,145,295

38,065

* 88,861

70,656

5,746

218,327

113,616

General merchandise retailers

326,892

17,519,919

231,205

55,265

331,658

60,072

490,816

1,348,341

Health and personal care retailers

235,887

9,600,659

204,142

134,180

275,517

31,624

637,733

526,144

7,238

15,423,234

192,654

24,577

135,063

60,130

610,284

439,083

Clothing and accessories retailers

222,567

13,553,121

252,631

59,065

786,371

61,481

757,069

512,569

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music retailers

134,848

8,565,515

130,786

8,890

296,973

42,562

541,481

429,286

902,190

45,134,595

1,196,464

149,038

2,007,026

250,674

2,466,627

4,911,120

Gasoline stations

Miscellaneous store retailers
Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

11

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with net income
Industrial sector

All nonfarm industries
Agriculture, forestry, hunting, and fishing

Number
of returns

Business
receipts

(9)

(10)

Depreciation
deduction [1]
(11)

21,967,453 1,725,220,332

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment
(12)

Rent paid
on other
business
property

Interest paid
deduction [2]

(13)

41,940,757

10,263,941

(14)

Net income

Payroll [3]

(15)

(16)

34,493,724

6,150,787

126,938,822

543,895,820

192,446

25,137,988

1,641,288

110,022

316,281

161,202

1,840,329

4,333,690

Animal production (including breeding of cats and dogs)

28,917

2,773,415

104,376

* 5,195

* 16,053

16,954

202,332

462,566

Forestry and logging (including forest nurseries, timber tracts)

29,931

6,929,964

595,885

43,924

16,107

41,126

545,889

898,020

Fishing, hunting, and trapping

31,907

2,934,659

275,112

* 889

91,364

18,923

67,592

670,722

Support activities for agriculture and forestry

101,691

12,499,950

665,915

60,014

192,756

84,200

1,024,516

2,302,382

Mining

68,096

8,742,066

411,453

40,091

23,190

43,111

399,194

2,617,410

Oil and gas extraction

56,022

6,071,220

254,600

19,460

13,230

31,122

178,234

2,006,440

Other mining

3,586

539,518

19,610

* 1,343

* 3,320

* 2,119

29,870

145,216

Support activities for mining

8,488

2,131,327

137,243

19,288

6,641

9,870

191,090

465,754

Utilities

13,428

1,170,641

67,196

40,473

6,269

2,289

* 102,933

420,920

2,696,406

328,704,010

9,203,382

1,815,144

2,144,101

932,388

33,407,156

65,451,615

Construction of buildings

643,956

98,570,934

2,141,407

416,985

446,631

379,002

9,245,313

17,212,886

Heavy and civil engineering construction

47,091

8,733,823

545,152

62,565

59,485

60,056

1,251,112

1,385,864

2,005,359

221,399,253

6,516,823

1,335,594

1,637,984

493,330

22,910,731

46,852,865

Construction

Specialty trade contractors
Manufacturing

233,874

35,937,401

945,095

125,349

844,219

160,957

3,998,576

6,765,490

Food manufacturing

27,817

5,616,832

92,566

37,527

216,063

21,262

550,103

653,843

Textile and textile product mills

7,467

1,123,002

* 5,891

**

* 28,266

* 2,916

* 118,571

177,420

Apparel

13,919

1,336,831

** 26,573

** 4,935

59,684

** 11,558

191,608

274,919

Leather and allied products

* 5,275

* 361,461

**

**

0

**

0

* 97,164

Wood products

16,468

3,138,036

91,682

7,127

35,933

6,658

405,785

440,906

Paper products

* 18

* 67,303

* 20

* 34

* 1,694

**

* 4,416

* 5,842

12,884

1,342,473

15,089

* 2,047

30,713

** 2,636

78,054

241,615

Printing and related support activities
Petroleum and coal products

3,695

240,566

* 6,530

**

**

**

**

136,395

Chemical manufacturing

17,728

2,478,325

26,983

** 1,105

** 68,716

** 6,085

** 268,235

493,816

Plastic and rubber products

2,126

838,767

* 46,235

* 5,975

* 23,518

* 32,708

* 130,570

187,319

Nonmetallic mineral products

7,536

1,174,204

107,363

** 2,008

4,105

6,525

92,303

273,540

Primary metal industries

1,057

561,205

* 12,197

**

* 4,256

* 892

* 69,635

82,226

Fabricated metal products

19,660

4,830,842

173,467

10,111

32,757

21,510

639,882

919,114

Machinery

14,676

1,366,068

65,911

* 2,989

49,892

8,026

157,004

302,584

Computer and electronic products

4,669

870,392

9,286

* 25

37,883

* 3,434

92,928

125,994

Electrical equipment, appliances, and components

3,685

964,866

28,951

* 3,797

* 20,067

* 6,560

187,492

79,422

Transportation equipment

11,898

1,813,143

99,214

* 35,457

14,835

7,473

171,947

252,561

Furniture and related products

15,842

1,753,719

20,555

* 2,919

92,701

6,955

196,341

589,351

Miscellaneous manufacturing

47,454

6,059,368

116,582

9,289

123,136

15,760

643,702

1,431,457

Wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers)

237,176

61,130,334

739,516

75,695

662,781

185,520

2,646,599

9,069,736

Durable goods, including machinery, wood, metals, etc.

107,540

30,417,794

465,701

46,208

304,293

107,238

1,086,049

4,441,631

Nondurable goods, including food, fiber, chemicals, etc.

80,075

22,299,426

213,203

19,631

315,362

69,303

1,123,454

2,756,576

Wholesale electronic markets and agents and brokers

49,562

8,413,113

60,612

9,856

43,125

8,978

437,096

1,871,528

1,328,379

174,084,518

2,002,717

495,629

3,934,497

527,863

8,928,021

25,240,562

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

73,015

41,684,756

376,552

46,654

527,176

137,570

1,873,753

3,311,988

Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers

32,188

9,941,539

261,087

39,223

95,555

34,560

701,585

1,234,702

Food and beverage stores

198,559

28,414,686

307,783

73,877

680,128

68,351

1,824,752

3,675,425

Furniture and home furnishing retailers

13,025

3,121,640

27,559

10,375

190,856

6,604

322,288

340,763

Electronic and appliance retailers (including computers)

10,834

2,615,738

28,026

* 80,632

56,945

5,023

161,966

258,851

General merchandise retailers

177,937

14,340,893

111,430

18,221

232,232

28,313

385,468

2,570,878

Health and personal care retailers

119,979

7,986,788

107,952

101,251

177,012

15,280

422,293

1,487,960

4,977

13,490,195

116,514

21,097

107,762

48,381

499,027

545,742

108,306

10,827,039

73,589

30,241

506,000

36,357

515,830

2,111,463

Retail trade

Gasoline stations
Clothing and accessories retailers
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music retailers
Miscellaneous store retailers
Footnotes ay end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

65,659

5,587,085

65,595

6,863

181,214

28,818

359,887

983,440

523,902

36,074,159

526,631

67,196

1,179,617

118,606

1,861,173

8,719,348

12

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with and without net income
Industrial sector

Number
of returns
(1)

Business
receipts

Depreciation
deduction [1]

Interest paid
deduction [2]

Net income
less deficit

Payroll [3]

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

202,627,407

13,741,868

4,580,841

1,822,809

1,109,759

9,085,098

22,723,135

Air and rail transportation

24,721

2,595,148

831,973

20,207

31,386

79,721

147,421

-574,013

Water transportation

7,973

1,480,042

288,765

2,855

15,455

29,410

242,389

-97,634

Truck transportation

850,683

122,339,108

9,112,665

2,191,201

846,704

699,722

6,582,857

13,174,605

1,173,916

38,766,311

1,233,268

1,654,421

371,206

107,213

236,005

5,805,506

161,903

7,419,902

601,657

262,782

** 108,209

** 33,684

588,453

650,954

Pipeline transportation

1,678

321,458

* 14,599

* 2,419

**

**

* 5,566

* 77,106

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

15,996

1,173,659

196,849

48,753

20,232

16,659

43,386

-139,440

Taxi, limousine service, and ridesharing service
Other transit and ground transportation

Support activities for transportation (including motor
vehicle towing)
Couriers and messengers
Warehousing and storage facilities

(3)

Rent paid
on other
business
property

3,775,848

Transportation and warehousing

(2)

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment

(8)

95,769

7,679,193

661,412

76,022

121,375

71,051

462,890

829,364

1,406,958

18,797,410

657,122

291,927

174,006

42,574

593,934

2,835,339

36,252

2,055,176

143,558

30,255

134,236

29,725

182,197

161,348

474,727

16,072,057

679,803

134,160

303,751

49,892

1,089,851

4,257,076

Motion picture and sound recording

194,682

6,269,441

372,128

64,636

96,964

15,052

191,048

1,729,489

Publishing industries

32,450

1,372,752

9,522

9,227

20,793

6,366

174,134

429,131

Broadcasting and content providers and telecommunications

154,694

5,191,150

176,921

50,085

112,310

16,464

346,448

1,184,190

Data processing, hosting, and related services

58,644

1,683,740

96,787

7,433

40,412

3,838

171,556

475,597

Web search portals

34,257

1,554,974

24,445

* 2,779

33,271

8,172

206,664

438,669

Finance and insurance

714,448

123,778,874

2,008,083

286,066

1,733,321

1,511,300

5,920,921

27,071,074

Information

Credit intermediation and related activities

49,764

3,626,846

121,102

16,254

43,558

84,057

158,856

1,089,127

Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments

220,215

80,008,704

1,038,839

91,333

761,840

1,191,109

2,899,397

11,280,930

Investment banking and securities intermediation

8,431

4,235,118

26,934

2,470

49,953

6,727

163,139

649,028

Commodity contracts intermediation

16,106

1,085,559

191,247

* 5,220

7,518

6,309

31,130

-87,216

Securities and commodity exchanges

10,397

4,490,705

33,147

* 4,809

8,700

6,890

49,360

278,394

Other financial investment activities (investment advice)

185,281

70,197,322

787,511

78,834

695,669

1,171,184

2,655,769

10,440,724

Insurance agents, brokers, and related activities

433,629

39,267,463

839,814

145,097

927,028

228,936

2,834,034

14,592,047

Insurance agencies and brokerages

316,357

30,618,824

640,028

108,288

805,791

204,549

2,508,083

11,107,819

Other insurance related activities and other financial vehicles

117,271

8,648,640

199,786

36,809

121,237

24,387

325,951

3,484,228

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles

10,840

875,861

* 8,328

* 33,382

* 896

* 7,198

* 28,634

108,970

1,531,906

125,839,465

7,549,554

539,820

2,078,693

1,675,865

5,115,276

36,846,869

1,433,998

116,626,710

4,492,210

385,292

1,763,106

1,510,883

4,634,779

37,372,225

69,525

5,452,211

911,156

30,620

258,668

388,646

253,263

-80,224

Real estate and rental and leasing
Real estate
Lessors of real estate (including miniwarehouses and self
storage)
Offices of real estate agents, brokers, property managers,
and appraisers

1,078,611

76,936,770

2,531,989

257,591

1,014,876

591,673

2,417,349

30,074,512

Other activities related to real estate

285,862

34,237,729

1,049,065

97,081

489,562

530,565

1,964,166

7,377,938

Rental and leasing services

95,567

9,089,408

3,057,242

154,528

315,568

164,941

480,497

-601,150

Automotive equipment rental and leasing

30,198

1,875,732

818,884

55,537

30,781

33,137

59,201

-186,224

Consumer electronics and appliances rental

1,371

170,633

** 35,450

** 274

** 8,210

** 1,263

** 13,498

73,626

Formal wear and costume rental

* 153

* 41,421

**

0

**

**

**

* 8,346

Video tape and disc rental

* 1,648

* 80,443

**

**

* 7,257

0

**

* -3,785

Home health equipment rental

* 1,020

* 21,650

**

0

0

**

0

* -23,024
-83,028

Recreational goods rental

6,919

303,211

63,353

* 1,831

* 86,181

5,921

5,378

All other consumer goods rental

27,033

1,438,299

259,876

36,443

63,480

14,115

82,405

3,812

General rental centers and other consumer goods rental

9,953

670,923

56,732

* 14,756

49,390

5,095

19,845

23,795

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment rental
and leasing

17,273

4,487,096

1,822,943

45,687

70,270

105,409

300,172

-414,667

2,342

123,347

* 102

0

* 18

* 40

0

75,794

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted
works)
Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

13

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with net income
Industrial sector

Number
of returns

Business
receipts

(9)
Transportation and warehousing

Depreciation
deduction [1]

(10)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

1,215,305

582,984

5,912,914

37,842,341

56,426

3,281

14,274

25,682

60,206

489,013

106,385

* 2,298

1,263

8,536

92,895

99,625

1,620,639

590,608

434,617

4,476,357

18,387,469

1,426,791

267,263

25,043

116,707

9,659,650

** 186,589

** 65,699

19,518

** 393,446

1,559,516

**

**

0

**

* 82,394

* 18,166

* 6,811

* 4,021

* 22,748

91,748

13,084

1,574,369

Water transportation

4,939

653,560

Truck transportation

675,402

101,188,456

5,529,900

Taxi, limousine service, and ridesharing service

835,937

34,590,648

641,629

Other transit and ground transportation

106,232

5,744,784

366,422

Pipeline transportation

* 1,619

* 297,195

* 6,241

4,647

431,533

39,012

Warehousing and storage facilities

Net income

Payroll [3]

3,525,860

Air and rail transportation

Couriers and messengers

Interest paid
deduction [2]

(11)

167,754,364

Support activities for transportation (including motor vehicle
towing)

Rent paid
on other
business
property

7,387,991

2,748,911

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment

(16)

72,504

5,904,625

305,058

64,097

80,344

23,727

278,183

1,450,735

1,007,757

15,679,757

255,616

190,858

88,642

20,412

344,484

5,692,584

26,792

1,689,438

81,303

13,140

100,399

21,429

127,887

329,606

311,654

13,474,554

386,097

67,289

186,599

31,477

604,374

6,092,539

Motion picture and sound recording

119,638

5,262,880

209,477

18,282

55,010

7,048

83,884

2,565,329

Publishing industries

24,344

1,025,289

5,576

* 3,161

* 8,733

* 2,808

50,686

546,829

Broadcasting and content providers and telecommunications

111,223

4,498,804

131,591

40,893

80,271

12,672

211,001

1,716,640

Data processing, hosting, and related services

37,420

1,406,073

20,931

* 3,128

22,476

1,115

129,437

678,766

Web search portals

19,030

1,281,509

18,522

* 1,824

20,108

* 7,833

129,365

584,976

Finance and insurance

488,408

71,007,482

1,017,315

178,267

1,326,425

333,393

4,151,864

32,216,467

Information

Credit intermediation and related activities

30,937

2,912,930

33,345

14,109

22,449

36,038

104,195

1,393,789

Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments

144,550

34,223,861

329,076

53,415

548,918

106,537

1,677,920

14,825,463

Investment banking and securities intermediation

5,601

1,787,574

6,237

* 2,259

38,324

2,612

140,296

791,918

Commodity contracts intermediation

11,503

648,063

35,978

* 4,876

* 5,015

* 595

* 2,378

118,895

Securities and commodity exchanges

7,210

2,044,247

13,454

* 4,800

8,075

1,105

* 17,667

463,620

Other financial investment activities (investment advice)

120,235

29,743,977

273,407

41,480

497,504

102,225

1,517,580

13,451,030

Insurance agents, brokers, and related activities

307,502

33,571,224

651,193

110,737

754,950

190,767

2,368,420

15,810,139

Insurance agencies and brokerages

220,559

26,075,592

489,183

79,729

690,359

174,478

2,112,782

12,001,502

Other insurance related activities and other financial vehicles

86,943

7,495,632

162,010

31,008

64,591

16,289

255,638

3,808,637

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles

5,419

299,467

* 3,701

*5

* 109

* 52

* 1,328

187,076

982,896

106,066,015

2,607,797

296,065

1,319,764

597,889

2,958,838

47,255,007

939,681

99,846,293

2,017,294

238,553

1,145,003

534,385

2,675,002

45,738,777

Real estate and rental and leasing
Real estate
Lessors of real estate (including miniwarehouses and self
storage)

33,606

3,614,561

254,368

8,592

98,244

112,594

99,441

1,036,741

Offices of real estate agents, brokers, property managers,
and appraisers

733,357

68,424,331

1,354,672

167,670

751,174

217,947

1,629,172

34,610,107

Other activities related to real estate

172,717

27,807,401

408,254

62,291

295,584

203,844

946,389

10,091,929

Rental and leasing services

41,889

6,099,085

590,401

57,512

174,742

63,464

283,836

1,425,204

Automotive equipment rental and leasing

10,953

1,136,600

118,647

6,880

6,456

14,765

21,846

337,362

Consumer electronics and appliances rental

** 1,647

** 269,166

** 11,318

** 28

** 88,209

** 110

** 11,202

** 104,381

Formal wear and costume rental

**

**

0

0

0

**

**

**

Video tape and disc rental

**

**

**

0

**

0

0

**

Home health equipment rental

**

**

**

0

0

**

0

**

Recreational goods rental

2,333

194,378

* 351

**

**

**

0

11,936

All other consumer goods rental

11,610

1,147,931

59,215

* 12,845

30,165

4,201

51,771

305,516

General rental centers and other consumer goods rental

4,921

420,648

* 14,164

* 6,993

* 3,469

* 2,737

* 15,383

98,560

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment rental
and leasing

10,426

2,930,363

386,706

30,766

46,442

41,651

183,635

567,449

1,326

120,636

* 102

0

* 18

* 40

0

91,025

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted
works)
Footnotes ay end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

14

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with and without net income
Industrial sector

Number
of returns
(1)

Business
receipts

Depreciation
deduction [1]

Rent paid
on other
business
property

Interest paid
deduction [2]

Net income
less deficit

Payroll [3]

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

3,917,083

247,753,872

6,698,968

1,150,327

5,207,488

1,190,778

20,531,319

101,574,115

Legal services

319,226

40,866,054

456,052

150,432

1,521,851

229,053

4,327,101

18,827,568

Offices of certified public accountants

32,704

3,862,033

78,436

16,669

151,873

13,764

601,224

1,722,199

Other accounting services

351,478

12,833,573

522,718

90,760

370,445

79,021

1,359,526

5,219,695

Architectural, engineering, and related services

289,874

22,694,762

838,031

137,905

368,306

117,965

2,328,533

7,218,243

Architectural services

130,295

10,494,005

441,229

105,279

252,643

69,708

1,217,341

1,985,099

Engineering services

91,737

8,272,899

176,996

27,773

85,883

37,253

774,453

3,558,960

Drafting, building inspections, and geophysical surveying

53,661

2,691,831

125,424

* 4,528

15,255

4,719

185,805

1,277,178

Surveying and mapping (except geophysical) services

9,333

641,917

67,510

0

* 7,840

* 1,535

* 106,233

268,121

Testing laboratories

4,848

594,109

26,873

* 325

* 6,686

* 4,750

* 44,701

128,885

313,851

13,481,711

473,663

41,305

335,133

48,791

491,438

3,747,986

Professional, scientific, and technical services

Specialized design services
Computer systems design services

(2)

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment

(7)

(8)

335,237

16,851,287

390,306

90,831

187,722

63,499

1,731,342

6,673,524

Other professional, scientific, and technical services

2,274,713

137,164,451

3,939,762

622,426

2,272,157

638,686

9,692,154

58,164,900

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

34,693,630

1,107,857

70,651,823

1,691,576

231,318

1,067,096

272,487

4,642,209

Scientific research and development services

61,446

2,036,709

75,483

12,913

17,035

14,222

66,205

1,033,778

Advertising and related services

163,457

12,251,223

318,214

23,171

127,317

60,002

1,173,626

3,284,210

Market research and public opinion polling

39,319

1,655,809

92,840

* 3,076

22,380

98,409

120,659

515,381

Other miscellaneous services

902,633

50,568,886

1,761,650

351,948

1,038,329

193,565

3,689,456

18,637,900

3,147,581

118,039,416

5,793,340

1,003,005

1,738,475

639,300

12,751,119

29,315,932

8,138

1,215,366

28,052

1,505

21,414

43,044

237,626

21,520

3,109,093

112,375,586

5,259,805

977,493

1,663,667

559,184

11,774,552

29,134,841

30,350

4,448,464

505,482

24,006

53,394

37,073

738,940

159,571

860,324

16,161,135

629,471

133,066

881,510

84,925

1,292,595

4,596,659

Administrative and support and waste management services
Management of companies and enterprises
Administrative and support services
Waste management and remediation services
Educational services
Health care and social assistance

2,420,090

142,267,707

3,668,284

842,750

5,895,539

748,675

21,018,122

50,673,245

Ambulatory health care services

1,439,766

105,434,604

2,678,737

566,631

4,525,061

516,954

15,318,151

39,231,211

Offices of physicians (except mental health specialists)

186,493

28,083,298

523,486

117,407

989,623

83,035

3,589,712

12,431,163

Offices of physicians, mental health specialists

49,408

5,746,982

85,459

16,685

277,071

27,676

417,635

3,434,421

Offices of dentists

68,749

18,359,372

705,566

81,229

808,476

166,341

4,740,497

4,781,649

Offices of chiropractors

24,786

3,603,007

143,292

6,042

355,989

43,899

425,621

1,089,817

Offices of optometrists

11,505

3,828,924

99,181

26,356

232,125

17,169

898,281

748,382

Offices of mental health practitioners and social therapists

305,150

16,759,354

323,653

47,714

728,316

35,803

1,304,001

8,659,232

Offices of podiatrists
Outpatient care centers and other miscellaneous health
practitioners

3,753

942,680

8,617

* 5,314

60,359

3,325

167,011

327,817

253,013

12,015,624

328,331

39,964

591,040

54,660

995,339

4,525,092

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

21,341

1,356,872

57,900

8,850

31,916

2,702

252,064

238,974

Home health care services

460,788

12,766,517

355,957

181,302

384,222

79,140

2,396,624

2,315,433

Other ambulatory health care services (including ambulance
services, blood and organ banks)

54,778

1,971,975

47,294

35,769

65,925

3,204

131,367

679,232

Hospitals

6,184

1,356,507

32,741

11,645

65,282

13,602

449,284

251,373

152,485

10,363,671

345,474

33,944

428,524

124,000

2,433,798

1,631,317

Nursing and residential care facilities
Social assistance
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries

821,655

25,112,925

611,331

230,530

876,672

94,120

2,816,889

9,559,344

1,806,738

63,987,510

2,991,889

552,507

2,629,650

372,344

3,595,377

14,962,040
13,956,661

1,596,389

48,566,842

1,986,794

** 415,468

1,439,396

252,264

2,087,074

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

5,681

258,068

16,175

**

* 33,692

* 1,159

* 6,898

23,571

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries
Footnotes at end of table.

204,668

15,162,599

988,920

137,038

1,156,562

118,921

1,501,405

981,807

Statistics of Income Bulletin

15

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with net income
Industrial sector

Number
of returns
(9)

Business
receipts

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment

Rent paid
on other
business
property

Interest paid
deduction [2]

Net income

Payroll [3]

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

2,784,236

223,969,515

4,030,194

668,075

3,871,881

618,532

15,799,166

117,013,275

Legal services

246,887

38,767,128

391,637

116,636

1,341,959

135,025

3,892,389

19,698,650

Offices of certified public accountants

29,552

3,643,250

64,015

12,616

144,339

12,588

511,289

1,793,111

Other accounting services

274,454

11,449,427

372,659

53,428

277,233

57,792

774,321

5,910,014

Architectural, engineering, and related services

205,235

19,952,036

576,824

91,095

279,955

46,194

1,884,039

8,501,831

Professional, scientific, and technical services

(10)

Depreciation
deduction [1]

(15)

(16)

Architectural services

85,479

9,044,719

245,587

73,184

185,509

26,510

978,728

2,717,332

Engineering services

65,117

7,263,985

142,187

13,058

70,952

15,799

569,315

4,047,144

Drafting, building inspections, and geophysical surveying

43,837

2,570,339

116,292

* 4,528

15,253

* 2,054

185,062

1,327,219

Surveying and mapping (except geophysical) services

6,303

636,603

* 67,460

0

* 7,840

* 1,535

* 106,233

277,260

Testing laboratories

4,498

436,389

* 5,298

* 325

* 402

* 297

* 44,701

132,876

212,122

12,404,451

253,404

29,836

205,292

42,885

404,624

5,034,009

Specialized design services
Computer systems design services

232,435

14,699,909

192,418

28,270

129,922

44,062

1,112,618

8,129,496

1,583,551

123,053,314

2,179,237

336,194

1,493,182

279,985

7,219,885

67,946,164

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

757,463

63,907,003

827,430

105,991

687,947

108,831

3,295,882

39,914,675

Scientific research and development services

49,511

1,864,088

24,385

* 119

12,033

4,975

37,571

1,225,178

Advertising and related services

117,197

10,601,627

138,109

8,415

60,255

32,095

860,339

4,169,789

Other professional, scientific, and technical services

Market research and public opinion polling

32,110

1,127,127

76,522

* 44

7,555

* 1,065

74,143

628,835

Other miscellaneous services

627,270

45,553,470

1,112,791

221,626

725,392

133,018

2,951,952

22,007,688

2,397,728

99,646,070

3,192,932

557,105

1,098,250

290,723

9,108,721

39,737,442

6,445

268,466

2,898

* 284

* 1,205

* 559

29,754

143,308

2,374,728

96,512,846

2,909,488

543,406

1,065,673

279,401

8,741,712

39,141,266

Administrative and support and waste management services
Management of companies and enterprises
Administrative and support services
Waste management and remediation services

16,555

2,864,758

280,546

13,414

31,372

10,763

337,256

452,868

639,135

13,240,885

254,778

57,251

510,465

31,275

780,155

7,086,041

Health care and social assistance

1,859,627

124,875,255

2,358,462

481,991

4,526,230

481,531

15,722,269

58,436,925

Ambulatory health care services

1,074,256

94,508,225

1,688,820

363,426

3,645,222

337,186

12,470,111

44,543,827

Offices of physicians (except mental health specialists)

145,034

25,560,075

347,746

95,796

842,284

46,792

2,969,201

13,181,917

Offices of physicians, mental health specialists

42,721

5,481,875

77,999

14,203

259,722

24,335

341,991

3,518,067

Offices of dentists

53,134

16,664,849

518,898

78,069

698,263

139,743

4,177,583

5,058,762

Offices of chiropractors

19,863

3,387,631

119,418

4,697

302,790

34,841

369,636

1,175,460

Educational services

Offices of optometrists

10,844

3,156,948

52,568

14,855

180,487

13,330

708,997

800,793

Offices of mental health practitioners and social therapists

246,203

15,546,710

218,131

38,076

671,852

22,278

1,076,680

9,162,679

Offices of podiatrists
Outpatient care centers and other miscellaneous health
practitioners

3,526

881,025

8,236

* 5,314

60,198

3,287

165,680

328,772

189,286

10,472,783

199,132

25,066

429,459

31,980

689,322

5,345,463

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

13,793

1,130,687

17,368

4,748

13,153

2,004

184,598

407,115

Home health care services

313,786

10,514,213

111,722

64,610

142,716

17,830

1,686,068

4,653,335

Other ambulatory health care services (including ambulance
services, blood and organ banks)

36,067

1,711,429

17,601

17,993

44,298

766

100,355

911,465

Hospitals

4,627

572,992

10,497

* 2,911

7,011

8,591

59,797

348,894

100,768

6,811,881

203,022

10,281

184,566

61,994

1,030,551

2,417,121

Nursing and residential care facilities
Social assistance
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries

679,975

22,982,156

456,123

105,372

689,431

73,761

2,161,810

11,127,084

1,200,044

51,750,106

1,015,966

376,153

1,698,884

135,777

1,980,850

22,638,477
19,881,824

1,063,598

40,562,615

** 734,756

** 288,699

** 1,009,069

81,713

** 1,058,547

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

* 3,310

* 222,465

**

**

**

*

**

* 52,861

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries
Footnotes ay end of table.

133,136

10,965,025

281,210

87,454

689,815

54,064

922,304

2,703,792

Statistics of Income Bulletin

16

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with and without net income
Industrial sector

Number
of returns
(1)

Accommodation, food services, and drinking places
Accommodation

Business
receipts
(2)

Depreciation
deduction [1]

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment

Rent paid
on other
business
property

Interest paid
deduction [2]

Net income
less deficit

Payroll [3]

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

768,763

85,658,125

3,744,697

673,966

4,638,350

924,940

15,371,121

(7)

2,644,044

(8)

80,866

8,298,269

1,286,910

64,530

267,949

478,489

1,118,795

-449,642
-342,562

Travel accommodation (including hotels, motels, and bed and
breakfast inns)

51,648

6,572,852

978,033

34,900

199,753

400,835

933,579

RV (recreational vehicle) parks and recreational camps

10,610

1,222,057

210,103

21,241

21,977

40,970

131,360

59,506

Rooming and boarding houses

18,608

503,359

98,775

8,389

46,220

36,683

53,856

-166,586

687,897

77,359,856

2,457,787

609,436

4,370,400

446,451

14,252,327

3,093,686

4,052,693

160,229,048

6,277,770

1,680,744

10,756,669

1,103,202

12,662,433

32,892,780

Restaurants (full & limited service) and drinking places
Other services
Auto repair and maintenance

479,332

39,941,626

1,968,120

460,662

1,786,649

320,431

4,128,329

3,847,555

Automotive mechanical and electrical repair and maintenance

251,294

19,772,564

838,225

318,809

1,005,357

66,170

1,788,469

2,133,318

Automotive body shops

96,154

10,948,853

464,771

68,000

360,817

81,272

1,121,239

1,293,558

Other auto repair and maintenance (including oil change,
lubrication, and car washes)

131,884

9,220,209

665,124

73,853

420,475

172,989

1,218,621

420,679

Miscellaneous repairs

461,716

26,265,095

1,139,168

173,244

638,008

199,543

2,235,513

4,385,877

2,881,004

90,249,494

3,112,903

1,041,140

8,237,169

574,438

6,221,367

23,070,194

Personal and laundry services
Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional and similar
organizations
Unclassified establishments
* Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

230,641

3,772,833

57,578

* 5,699

94,842

8,790

77,225

1,589,154

530,545

21,531,058

103,681

137,938

131,691

38,740

198,936

2,536,533

17

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 1. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Business Receipts, Selected Deductions, Payroll, and Net Income, by
Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Businesses with net income
Industrial sector

Number
of returns
(9)

Business
receipts

Depreciation
deduction [1]

Rent paid
on machinery
and
equipment

Interest paid
deduction [2]

Net income

Payroll [3]

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

450,843

61,515,412

1,581,366

376,322

2,829,214

395,387

9,187,230

9,336,807

Accommodation

42,600

5,345,079

430,589

30,397

86,220

163,915

609,722

1,132,338

Travel accommodation (including hotels, motels, and bed and
breakfast inns)

26,630

4,178,275

329,969

9,248

80,169

144,093

481,600

824,366

RV (recreational vehicle) parks and recreational camps

6,480

975,796

84,035

** 21,149

** 6,051

16,884

110,702

242,664

Accommodation, food services, and drinking places

Rooming and boarding houses
Restaurants (full & limited service) and drinking places
Other services

(10)

Rent paid
on other
business
property

9,490

191,008

* 16,586

**

**

* 2,937

* 17,420

65,308

408,243

56,170,333

1,150,777

345,925

2,742,994

231,473

8,577,508

8,204,468
48,497,399

2,934,667

136,726,284

3,051,393

884,402

7,927,287

633,794

9,225,072

Auto repair and maintenance

331,994

33,435,774

960,499

315,910

1,403,079

189,560

3,082,127

6,564,690

Automotive mechanical and electrical repair and maintenance

178,305

17,120,422

442,411

237,109

799,191

48,333

1,404,441

3,473,680

Automotive body shops

73,428

9,372,789

300,017

53,915

270,392

25,243

913,721

1,689,383

Other auto repair and maintenance (including oil change,
lubrication, and car washes)

80,262

6,942,563

218,071

24,886

333,496

115,984

763,965

1,401,628

Miscellaneous repairs

319,855

21,781,909

515,718

71,335

427,378

105,517

1,696,917

6,441,839

2,116,394

78,187,901

1,567,721

495,460

6,051,565

333,851

4,403,652

33,395,251

Personal and laundry services
Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional and similar
organizations
Unclassified establishments

166,424

3,320,700

7,455

* 1,696

45,265

* 4,867

* 42,377

2,095,619

399,497

20,287,434

45,820

92,759

52,085

4,693

184,562

3,843,678

* Estimate should be used with caution because of the small number of sample returns on which it is based.
** Data combined to prevent disclosure of taxpayer information.
[1] Includes depreciation claimed on Form 8829, Expenses for Business Use of Your Home.
[2] Interest paid is the sum of mortgage interest and other interest paid on business indebtedness.
[3] Payroll is the sum of salaries and wages plus the cost of labor reported as part of cost of sales and operations.
NOTE: Detail may not add to totals because of rounding.
SOURCE: IRS, Statistics of Income Division, Sole Proprietorship Returns 2022, October 2024.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

18

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishing

Net income status, item

All
nonfarm
industries

(1)

Total

Animal
production
(including
breeding
of cats and
dogs)

Forestry
and logging
(including forest
nurseries,
timber tracts)

Fishing, hunting,
and trapping

Support
activities
for
agriculture
and forestry

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

30,983,810

332,704

61,287

46,496

68,248

156,672

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

2,080,716,063
2,050,190,877
30,525,186

32,203,246
31,431,667
771,579

3,273,188
3,140,632
132,556

9,106,313
8,939,298
167,015

3,709,236
3,534,759
174,478

16,114,508
15,816,979
297,530

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

1,671,944,235
580,186,437
50,176,506
54,128,427
334,331,517
97,740,569
100,114,824
56,305,406
23,427,570
142,521,516
26,462,554
113,514,000
1,014,596
78,238,472
3,701,361
27,628,038
20,140,479
18,555,794
4,265,423
8,642,467
21,035,021
1,782,978
15,647,076
49,656,220
32,130,673
75,868,997
120,883,298
25,331,426
23,676,752
41,645,219
202,412,671
13,548,879

31,040,814
11,614,087
568,593
729,387
8,123,232
894,014
1,971,795
672,932
168,256
1,649,717
182,830
1,541,279
16,608
3,434,733
33,265
597,766
294,902
161,261
139,767
233,697
226,023
6,828
231,201
447,795
1,229,375
1,634,391
1,836,860
447,237
291,111
471,870
4,040,958
108,996

3,722,200
1,005,465
121,771
147,974
596,501
98,820
185,750
145,351
29,894
189,949
74,869
225,014
* 13,696
439,168
2,680
48,070
36,801
25,040
14,313
34,161
49,007
* 136
8,893
41,990
112,727
325,557
68,448
41,919
81,264
111,648
708,101
33,393

8,638,210
3,070,009
92,004
312,913
1,383,447
171,158
1,207,052
96,566
21,834
523,869
26,143
598,739
* 2,336
1,077,429
10,230
220,068
35,044
20,697
24,598
47,956
62,052
3,194
69,841
22,145
448,353
425,568
494,374
106,645
32,804
82,652
1,183,980
27,652

3,532,347
719,817
59,790
32,830
432,523
166,500
125,339
97,165
31,973
219,339
26,532
105,249
0
574,813
2,717
81,012
25,000
31,251
28,052
30,766
22,678
**
32,226
105,005
227,694
291,303
61,251
65,397
48,020
72,187
705,669
24,382

15,148,057
6,818,796
295,027
235,669
5,710,761
457,536
453,653
333,851
84,556
716,560
55,287
612,276
* 576
1,343,323
17,638
248,617
198,057
84,273
72,803
120,814
92,287
** 3,499
120,241
278,656
440,602
591,962
1,212,787
233,277
129,024
205,383
1,443,208
23,570

410,664,065
543,908,664
133,244,599
92,081,346

1,188,789
4,333,690
3,144,902
1,180,068

-445,014
462,566
907,580
143,507

468,455
898,020
429,564
224,395

178,772
670,722
491,950
249,666

986,575
2,302,382
1,315,807
562,501

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction
Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

19

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Mining

Construction

Utilities

Net income status, item
Total

Oil
and
gas extraction

Other
mining

Support
activities for
mining

Total

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

Total

Construction
of buildings

Heavy and
civil
engineering
construction

Specialty
trade
contractors

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

87,198

71,045

5,687

10,467

17,944

3,316,895

774,100

64,104

2,478,691

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

11,727,135
11,174,146
552,989

7,966,805
7,548,679
418,126

1,049,560
1,046,025
3,535

2,710,770
2,579,443
131,327

1,358,343
1,337,852
20,491

377,079,631
373,586,944
3,492,688

114,115,732
112,835,794
1,279,938

11,118,914
11,028,938
89,976

251,844,985
249,722,212
2,122,773

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

10,076,434
2,867,985
282,523
208,775
413,878
180,747
2,005,184
223,122
20,656
337,439
25,156
266,315
693,627
956,491
32,592
126,117
114,218
49,425
35,240
74,874
55,377
2,363
82,367
43,916
173,467
152,938
568,604
283,923
75,336
87,641
2,938,184
12,182

6,688,045
1,709,795
67,484
99,211
82,152
58,681
1,451,480
49,213
8,912
200,646
19,543
138,938
653,238
584,121
13,804
55,195
74,215
39,668
20,987
46,686
30,644
1,836
43,523
25,976
77,272
69,117
230,781
198,732
57,274
44,216
2,336,697
6,227

1,020,519
385,648
133,923
* 60,334
65,398
56,827
176,380
107,214
3,047
42,512
* 1,056
27,247
12,126
139,765
* 980
14,129
10,435
562
* 5,001
15,616
3,873
* 305
8,417
6,052
38,359
17,016
59,033
26,143
1,536
18,363
183,289
**

2,367,870
772,541
81,116
49,230
266,328
65,238
377,325
* 66,695
8,697
94,281
4,558
100,130
28,264
232,605
17,808
56,793
29,567
9,196
9,251
12,573
20,860
* 222
30,427
11,888
57,836
66,804
278,789
59,048
16,526
25,062
418,198
** 5,955

1,063,852
213,157
* 5,303
* 101,119
* 41,008
52,776
33,450
* 20,498
9,147
51,177
37,188
143,752
*3
199,862
1,754
7,473
15,360
5,454
* 1,047
15,956
9,012
* 323
41,845
10,765
57,868
46,718
31,237
9,602
16,163
30,537
101,437
7,016

322,938,343
143,858,042
6,258,970
26,598,128
39,567,596
52,577,606
25,061,127
6,205,387
1,758,057
24,342,660
1,076,447
46,510,712
106,031
13,760,808
384,376
5,722,342
1,945,565
2,137,908
501,293
932,543
1,762,152
151,818
2,343,685
2,842,893
4,288,563
21,541,039
15,209,984
2,892,823
2,015,864
4,515,410
21,142,529
1,193,060

100,063,080
54,718,361
3,795,171
8,188,119
16,608,789
17,298,155
12,695,996
3,867,870
367,494
5,768,512
429,364
12,410,792
34,534
3,098,319
76,952
1,363,592
604,049
554,050
267,419
294,528
440,077
47,032
536,163
632,989
1,002,323
5,276,581
3,554,613
716,443
501,797
1,166,988
5,947,722
252,386

10,437,003
5,204,555
600,130
1,083,516
1,242,842
1,272,858
1,703,394
698,184
40,019
382,934
58,897
703,767
* 204
980,167
18,473
190,598
135,380
42,383
28,612
85,841
53,737
6,933
102,663
95,966
270,189
353,052
544,504
111,015
169,950
110,675
708,501
37,987

212,438,259
83,935,125
1,863,669
17,326,493
21,715,965
34,006,592
10,661,737
1,639,332
1,350,544
18,191,214
588,185
33,396,153
71,294
9,682,322
288,951
4,168,152
1,206,135
1,541,474
205,262
552,174
1,268,339
97,852
1,704,859
2,113,938
3,016,051
15,911,405
11,110,868
2,065,365
1,344,116
3,237,747
14,486,305
902,687

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction

1,664,834
2,617,410
952,576
1,451,551

1,295,281
2,006,440
711,159
1,296,873

26,881
145,216
118,334
43,134

342,671
465,754
123,083
111,544

295,235
420,920
125,685
65,083

54,240,343
65,452,932
11,212,589
8,601,284

14,076,231
17,214,203
3,137,972
2,395,630

701,476
1,385,864
684,388
425,423

39,462,636
46,852,865
7,390,229
5,780,231

Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

20

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Manufacturing

Net income status, item
Total

Food
manufacturing

Textile
and textile
product mills

(16)

(17)

(18)

Apparel

Leather
and
allied
products

Wood
products

Paper
products

Printing
and related
support
activities

(19)

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

409,621

58,160

13,419

29,273

7,760

34,145

2,038

24,402

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

47,027,416
46,448,766
578,650

9,069,603
8,863,807
205,796

1,196,274
1,194,350
* 1,924

1,770,288
1,766,111
4,177

486,071
485,899
* 172

4,499,475
4,466,594
32,880

341,572
340,022
* 1,550

1,749,837
1,735,600
14,238

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

43,381,831
22,825,472
2,874,106
2,337,376
13,476,576
4,676,114
2,650,190
3,188,890
583,377
1,473,153
363,342
898,479
6,264
1,915,234
155,424
463,031
378,550
179,973
90,271
223,701
336,239
22,947
219,493
1,458,776
604,556
1,954,041
3,515,406
699,617
331,851
901,352
3,560,330
220,954

9,238,670
4,595,920
842,773
122,719
3,036,101
1,132,932
389,868
928,474
159,412
233,892
36,076
120,685
* 2,120
274,593
32,014
77,374
108,235
14,796
21,570
45,188
44,188
2,931
57,890
456,259
128,813
407,932
1,113,112
181,646
56,606
206,208
848,311
12,898

1,090,402
727,016
51,705
* 61,571
530,083
* 78,961
* 50,165
45,468
* 9,678
27,020
* 439
* 15,160
0
14,376
**
10,274
4,538
4,079
**
* 7,410
10,260
**
* 5,822
32,055
6,027
39,782
* 62,170
23,200
* 6,635
26,140
50,558
* 6,949

1,638,260
699,342
111,928
* 68,853
296,654
** 299,665
** 71,745
137,164
64,934
62,343
** 8,737
41,542
0
23,651
** 6,966
15,720
16,851
10,618
** 383
5,171
20,381
** 227
** 5,526
** 102,326
12,241
70,318
193,629
26,274
37,806
46,149
156,474
** 17,034

460,869
* 289,019
* 34,423
0
* 291,221
**
**
* 48,964
* 2,167
* 19,416
**
* 16,650
0
* 13,740
**
* 523
* 5,839
* 2,575
* 2,090
* 8,410
* 2,454
0
**
**
* 754
* 3,265
* 4,997
* 846
* 53,723
6,553
22,280
**

4,267,682
2,834,800
247,439
422,067
1,832,493
285,741
283,350
236,289
17,548
91,541
** 47,898
** 25,900
0
276,311
6,073
47,411
23,620
11,402
** 4,625
12,248
26,377
1,854
14,430
70,444
95,578
77,638
191,753
61,117
10,899
55,875
241,119
** 21,936

378,173
* 314,170
* 20,504
* 12,445
* 78,099
* 48,251
* 189,387
* 34,515
* 319
* 6,665
**
**
0
* 14,362
* 939
* 3,524
* 2,014
* 145
**
* 520
* 341
* 69
* 246
* 2,782
* 383
* 943
* 13,064
* 1,525
* 3,424
* 2,408
* 9,614
**

1,678,390
554,980
61,307
29,847
387,697
63,401
73,404
60,676
15,834
62,508
* 8,671
40,510
0
68,057
5,502
14,630
19,784
9,564
* 8,630
10,606
33,727
* 1,052
12,744
51,394
21,543
188,936
98,138
20,408
8,403
60,041
323,075
39,650

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction

3,759,232
6,765,490
3,006,258
2,289,977

-97,995
653,843
751,838
231,466

105,872
177,420
71,548
31,057

137,888
274,919
137,031
64,586

25,202
* 97,164
71,962
* 8,243

232,431
440,906
208,475
91,789

-36,601
* 5,842
* 42,443
* 8,973

74,106
241,615
167,509
54,014

Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

21

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Manufacturing—continued

Net income status, item
Petroleum
and coal
products

Chemical
manufacturing

Plastic
and rubber
products

(24)

(25)

(26)

Nonmetallic
mineral
products

Primary
metal
industries

Fabricated
metal
products

Machinery

Computer and
electronic
products

(27)

(28)

(29)

(30)

(31)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

4,721

22,490

2,366

14,262

3,467

37,303

17,291

6,864

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

281,287
279,857
* 1,430

2,637,957
2,491,360
146,596

1,072,341
1,069,137
3,204

1,820,892
1,762,624
58,267

600,660
598,607
* 2,053

5,879,147
5,865,615
13,532

1,588,346
1,568,993
19,353

929,415
926,094
* 3,321

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

149,461
* 53,820
0
* 21,006
**
* 21,114
* 11,834
**
* 194
* 8,487
0
* 7,903
**
* 8,821
**
* 2,100
1,590
* 337
**
* 1,234
* 317
**
**
* 870
* 1,604
* 22,646
* 5,961
1,868
* 284
* 2,104
26,022
**

2,278,644
1,290,867
123,816
95,112
** 935,129
132,730
121,170
** 117,224
39,107
33,725
66,007
72,348
** 2,835
36,078
** 9,556
22,284
23,443
14,214
** 2,508
3,221
24,411
** 2,459
** 1,460
134,017
15,008
76,223
170,261
21,301
13,120
55,845
146,429
** 5,696

923,955
478,331
* 52,619
* 158,168
78,691
140,353
151,366
102,865
26,915
8,900
0
* 9,624
0
98,343
3,183
13,220
6,149
3,263
**
38,752
1,316
* 232
* 7,944
25,334
9,748
33,455
39,110
49,097
5,695
16,986
42,821
* 5,057

1,667,881
817,694
24,827
131,973
358,026
140,884
181,062
19,079
9,343
32,822
* 6,504
79,767
** 142
131,108
17,799
28,163
19,078
8,485
* 4,127
5,828
16,983
* 1,028
17,892
10,264
34,005
63,881
117,930
23,774
10,142
25,650
180,680
* 4,794

551,050
422,084
* 34,177
* 60,664
297,996
* 33,555
* 32,124
* 36,432
10,148
11,989
* 359
**
0
* 12,596
* 650
1,840
2,964
3,444
**
* 772
1,789
* 328
* 125
* 6,148
* 649
17,824
* 13,818
4,400
2,894
4,161
31,796
0

5,263,322
2,867,588
275,137
384,221
1,373,073
952,967
234,999
352,809
33,551
102,805
7,415
** 98,101
**
366,623
16,518
58,129
27,792
22,874
** 16,896
24,290
33,398
5,648
15,797
72,684
80,925
439,578
438,170
86,043
14,518
97,679
330,117
* 6,453

1,373,142
393,040
121,039
28,416
231,030
91,626
40,579
119,649
17,001
87,015
44,201
63,757
0
120,633
16,963
18,291
12,207
7,564
* 930
10,369
7,073
* 1,260
3,480
54,506
13,483
47,520
181,482
24,449
14,242
39,817
178,174
* 15,686

868,242
593,206
88,823
55,001
408,314
* 26,317
105,726
90,974
4,496
8,065
* 27,005
20,023
0
20,953
* 3,075
2,493
12,808
1,506
** 13,124
3,585
2,874
** 965
* 75
40,904
2,910
6,141
55,472
8,386
4,599
7,107
25,108
* 6,043

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction

131,806
136,395
* 4,589
21,309

359,048
493,816
134,768
99,294

148,312
187,319
39,007
172,460

157,694
273,540
115,846
45,406

49,611
82,226
* 32,615
17,138

615,825
919,114
303,288
167,118

215,203
302,584
87,381
48,116

64,950
125,994
61,044
40,557

Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

22

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Manufacturing—continued

Net income status, item

Electrical
equipment,
appliances,
and
components

(32)

Wholesale trade (merchant wholesalers)

Transportation
equipment

Furniture
and related
products

Miscellaneous
manufacturing

Total

(33)

(34)

(35)

(36)

Nondurable
Durable goods,
goods,
including
including food,
machinery,
fiber,
woods, metals,
chemicals,
etc.
etc.

(37)

(38)

Wholesale
electronic
markets
and agents
and
brokers

(39)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

7,909

19,896

25,366

78,490

416,055

186,549

134,940

94,565

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

1,103,286
1,086,091
17,195

2,108,346
2,099,399
8,947

2,057,825
2,056,560
1,264

7,834,795
7,792,044
42,750

75,534,641
75,035,590
499,051

37,347,491
37,112,006
235,484

27,786,993
27,599,905
187,088

10,400,157
10,323,678
76,478

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

1,075,284
595,368
72,814
* 76,725
271,028
194,494
65,741
85,433
19,345
19,718
* 4,512
* 7,900
0
43,870
* 11,940
13,719
6,085
1,190
**
4,482
15,117
**
* 3,797
52,749
5,749
50,662
131,548
17,802
7,263
24,378
34,819
* 590

1,912,692
865,291
83,117
153,488
392,329
* 104,121
235,447
103,211
19,077
234,774
* 8,235
119,212
0
105,695
1,500
37,595
6,838
22,350
* 6,089
3,322
10,624
* 400
47,625
17,276
60,231
46,209
25,092
15,580
17,898
42,167
189,207
* 10,404

1,578,558
661,314
135,815
112,282
345,742
161,908
33,978
128,411
30,591
98,765
11,764
42,393
0
33,852
3,464
29,539
9,069
7,453
* 2,193
10,535
29,796
* 69
5,166
140,303
47,676
82,863
115,952
21,823
14,368
45,401
123,187
* 11,023

6,987,152
3,771,621
491,843
342,819
2,332,870
767,094
378,245
541,251
103,718
322,705
85,519
117,006
* 1,167
251,572
19,282
66,201
69,648
34,113
7,105
27,756
54,811
4,428
19,472
188,462
67,228
278,224
543,746
110,077
49,330
136,681
600,538
56,742

69,612,862
49,703,780
6,232,244
1,003,087
44,418,017
4,436,934
3,960,763
10,347,264
607,291
1,607,883
718,759
934,634
4,144
1,293,328
84,181
398,248
398,178
275,061
70,374
251,755
481,453
43,974
194,951
1,060,324
557,599
1,460,389
2,401,920
574,361
524,982
687,112
5,123,949
154,232

34,202,028
24,621,283
3,065,700
265,926
20,296,856
2,376,836
2,193,958
3,577,993
270,016
706,881
363,405
493,250
* 1,611
763,677
48,104
234,021
167,415
125,127
39,032
137,324
156,469
13,868
86,883
487,632
322,895
722,891
1,234,928
304,167
255,846
335,407
2,237,582
72,314

26,126,429
19,247,135
2,920,626
384,353
19,557,376
1,409,307
1,434,701
6,459,228
212,096
626,234
140,648
300,548
2,534
398,272
30,026
132,221
172,299
86,661
29,207
103,891
206,791
23,223
35,603
444,164
153,504
381,722
1,038,089
218,880
158,830
268,285
1,664,191
51,375

9,284,405
5,835,362
245,918
352,808
4,563,785
650,790
332,105
310,043
125,178
274,768
214,706
140,836
0
131,379
6,051
32,005
58,464
63,273
* 2,135
10,540
118,192
6,883
72,465
128,528
81,200
355,776
128,903
51,315
110,305
83,420
1,222,176
30,543

28,002
79,422
51,420
19,223

195,737
252,561
56,825
72,166

479,261
589,351
110,090
90,348

872,879
1,431,457
558,577
1,006,715

5,971,628
9,069,736
3,098,108
2,013,814

3,159,339
4,441,631
1,282,293
1,011,103

1,679,771
2,756,576
1,076,805
678,119

1,132,518
1,871,528
739,010
324,593

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction

Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

23

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Retail trade

Total

Motor
vehicle and
parts
dealers

Building
material and
garden
equipment and
supplies
dealers

Food and
beverage
stores

Furniture and
home
furnishing
retailers

Electronics
and
appliance
retailers
(including
computers)

General
merchandise
retailers

Health and
personal care
retailers

(40)

(41)

(42)

(43)

(44)

(45)

(46)

(47)

Net income status, item

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

2,402,646

116,986

46,297

364,472

25,180

20,090

326,892

235,887

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

211,839,978
209,913,771
1,926,207

48,428,139
47,896,588
531,552

11,140,176
11,093,015
47,161

35,313,607
34,797,679
515,928

4,015,719
3,997,378
18,340

3,145,295
3,132,974
12,321

17,519,919
17,416,332
103,587

9,600,659
9,438,747
161,912

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

198,538,860
126,633,350
22,328,963
1,993,367
111,333,666
8,029,616
7,167,907
24,220,168
3,000,827
5,780,728
2,294,398
2,759,651
35,326
3,944,958
245,523
1,358,428
1,230,688
802,293
256,408
631,243
1,994,715
70,462
818,345
5,973,808
1,656,244
5,599,736
9,844,308
2,919,303
1,403,141
3,782,040
14,637,004
865,932

46,013,502
36,429,621
5,533,745
577,314
32,372,284
1,511,275
2,465,056
6,030,053
275,517
629,023
194,210
563,623
* 272
681,355
67,737
269,981
134,786
66,223
45,386
151,300
197,372
6,085
78,526
642,680
312,759
571,724
1,710,025
415,028
91,541
355,433
2,084,422
38,873

10,196,463
6,593,204
957,813
155,841
5,389,104
1,026,784
237,556
1,173,893
90,850
306,452
69,499
339,940
* 4,641
350,407
30,773
110,317
48,298
32,995
13,179
32,741
73,873
4,587
58,567
203,296
89,795
220,947
652,809
166,903
32,557
131,335
523,569
14,928

33,774,475
20,835,355
1,899,424
131,500
18,639,470
1,381,491
815,346
2,031,875
374,206
1,010,957
258,219
470,423
4,081
681,966
30,171
244,195
207,327
160,698
42,788
78,334
200,426
8,953
147,983
939,041
431,756
1,023,208
2,442,616
594,464
256,932
848,848
2,373,131
108,396

3,838,967
2,190,644
479,347
195,397
1,716,053
295,449
104,944
600,546
79,817
69,579
18,592
58,826
0
57,376
9,173
37,940
16,306
14,791
2,271
9,364
38,532
* 1,570
13,393
285,526
46,994
115,874
249,836
99,245
29,691
85,789
289,279
18,557

3,033,012
1,854,250
189,068
* 3,855
1,579,652
* 105,761
175,798
199,883
26,786
67,821
30,145
121,934
* 21
37,583
2,990
14,543
12,091
7,540
* 663
5,083
26,589
* 271
* 88,861
70,656
15,904
118,136
214,472
67,757
17,143
43,771
162,488
* 25,512

16,209,942
8,447,586
1,076,827
173,634
7,295,869
234,854
873,034
1,206,632
500,802
595,833
550,207
193,147
0
208,825
5,362
77,610
128,936
72,958
16,097
43,975
385,651
* 2,914
55,265
331,658
88,361
960,197
317,182
168,343
139,128
310,481
2,456,852
152,575

9,075,223
4,651,580
608,667
16,786
4,073,602
418,409
124,815
590,699
266,355
314,568
100,257
136,881
* 4,770
195,183
13,097
49,653
113,224
82,894
12,664
18,960
145,102
3,973
134,180
275,517
38,422
402,763
620,947
151,928
190,521
209,517
823,359
118,908

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction

13,450,504
25,241,131
11,790,627
6,647,747

2,440,090
3,311,988
871,898
1,423,606

956,510
1,234,702
278,192
236,458

1,579,164
3,675,425
2,096,262
868,311

194,581
340,763
146,182
126,218

113,616
258,851
145,234
21,673

1,348,341
2,570,878
1,222,538
492,733

526,144
1,488,529
962,384
506,576

Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

24

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Retail trade—continued

Net income status, item

Transportation and warehousing

Gasoline
stations

Clothing and
accessories
retailers

Sporting
goods,
hobby, book,
and music
retailers

Miscellaneous
store retailers

Total

Air and
rail
transportation

Water
transportation

Truck
transportation

(48)

(49)

(50)

(51)

(52)

(53)

(54)

(55)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

7,238

222,567

134,848

902,190

3,775,848

24,721

7,973

850,683

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

15,423,234
15,263,596
159,638

13,553,121
13,372,094
181,027

8,565,515
8,470,012
95,503

45,134,595
45,035,357
99,238

202,627,407
200,735,991
1,891,415

2,595,148
2,436,638
158,510

1,480,042
1,416,536
63,506

122,339,108
121,705,789
633,318

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

14,987,537
12,847,708
265,832
16,306
12,701,530
85,178
104,084
325,221
20,185
36,000
9,522
22,943
1,602
192,633
6,757
62,720
26,251
2,393
30,242
29,887
12,994
2,839
24,577
135,063
107,835
53,034
593,978
164,125
3,605
116,240
483,916
488

13,036,732
6,875,776
1,890,451
102,598
6,176,915
464,182
382,138
2,140,508
407,860
396,802
272,905
151,175
** 15,539
247,105
12,682
77,053
110,384
69,427
11,263
50,218
203,986
* 727
59,065
786,371
117,773
599,661
654,472
278,053
139,456
359,392
1,087,967
56,330

8,134,428
4,919,012
1,709,004
71,525
4,594,260
253,024
209,240
1,918,040
140,085
308,150
66,356
96,039
**
124,416
9,707
56,342
64,303
25,104
* 2,287
40,275
143,205
3,291
8,890
296,973
41,706
198,127
469,957
117,173
37,583
185,231
744,803
30,701

40,238,581
20,988,614
7,718,785
548,613
16,794,929
2,253,209
1,675,896
8,002,817
818,363
2,045,545
724,487
604,719
* 4,399
1,168,109
57,075
358,074
368,783
267,269
79,567
171,107
566,983
35,252
149,038
2,007,026
364,939
1,336,066
1,918,015
696,283
464,984
1,136,002
3,607,216
300,665

180,269,096
16,859,077
594,470
3,337,591
5,398,215
1,423,815
6,629,090
524,104
611,769
51,852,988
5,118,835
15,800,961
24,160
13,726,526
231,247
6,725,221
1,012,318
4,062,749
293,484
816,274
1,052,291
41,122
4,580,841
1,822,809
10,238,851
4,665,841
5,747,507
2,055,948
2,455,048
3,491,239
26,567,428
410,680

3,215,182
431,084
6,538
17,313
217,876
31,398
163,270
5,310
17,822
176,225
16,560
140,171
* 177
831,973
9,769
66,111
29,238
18,057
22,505
57,216
45,399
1,076
20,207
31,386
192,295
105,461
130,108
32,793
181,810
29,177
626,265
* 2,299

1,634,601
670,547
**
93,446
* 21,560
19,091
540,904
**
3,124
35,457
9,053
24,060
**
288,763
41,925
26,369
8,801
5,961
9,550
19,860
3,635
**
2,855
15,455
58,361
28,862
148,943
20,345
9,729
9,164
191,075
* 2,502

109,208,110
11,751,629
** 143,765
2,819,882
3,846,676
921,309
4,178,696
** 163,152
228,847
28,075,202
1,426,581
13,473,387
** 8,230
9,104,674
127,873
5,032,602
479,523
2,966,002
138,880
560,842
517,376
** 24,755
2,191,201
846,704
7,796,929
2,678,837
3,762,975
1,375,999
1,572,353
1,430,494
13,436,356
200,064

439,083
545,742
106,660
149,206

512,569
2,111,463
1,598,894
534,271

429,286
983,440
554,154
255,198

4,911,120
8,719,348
3,808,228
2,033,498

22,723,135
37,850,839
15,127,704
5,255,319

-574,013
489,013
1,063,026
929,656

-97,634
99,625
197,259
79,299

13,174,605
18,387,469
5,212,865
2,295,782

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction
Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

25

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Transportation and warehousing—continued

Net income status, item

Taxi, limousine
service, and
ridesharing
service

Other transit
and ground
transportation

(56)

(57)

Pipeline
transportation

Scenic
and
sightseeing
transportation

Support
activities for
transportation
(including
motor vehicle
towing)

Couriers
and
messengers

Warehousing
and
storage
facilities

(58)

(59)

(60)

(61)

(62)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

1,173,916

161,903

1,678

15,996

95,769

1,406,958

36,252

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

38,766,311
38,297,371
468,940

7,419,902
7,331,822
88,080

321,458
315,695
* 5,763

1,173,659
1,077,507
96,153

7,679,193
7,409,873
269,320

18,797,410
18,699,710
97,700

2,055,176
2,045,050
10,126

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

33,135,494
372,745
65,881
* 55,820
95,806
34,638
159,118
38,518
108,632
12,046,917
2,950,115
296,653
* 12,703
1,230,127
14,754
721,847
275,220
600,783
62,642
44,571
198,504
**
1,654,421
371,206
992,566
686,748
180,185
276,159
305,933
963,587
8,702,817
60,696

6,775,187
** 587,829
* 112,975
105,487
** 326,281
** 32,506
119,609
* 109,029
53,958
1,736,528
** 282,432
** 414,562
* 1,346
600,418
** 6,826
230,862
36,574
81,576
** 11,683
** 22,002
57,180
** 5,685
262,782
** 108,209
233,015
211,396
482,966
90,860
108,325
130,705
1,023,429
15,828

244,352
**
0
0
**
**
0
0
* 5,157
* 80,454
**
**
0
* 14,599
** 668
* 5,205
* 719
* 10,196
**
**
* 1,524
**
* 2,419
**
* 60,082
* 12,664
* 5,566
* 5,113
* 12,400
* 2,765
* 7,997
0

1,308,756
97,329
* 20,763
* 2,841
* 11,366
26,562
48,947
* 13,151
21,926
85,430
12,666
271,603
**
196,840
* 423
47,758
10,965
6,662
3,986
12,673
9,790
**
48,753
20,232
97,307
69,221
40,545
48,519
9,934
13,039
182,217
* 16

6,856,164
1,499,832
100,439
59,311
415,120
299,110
710,136
84,285
96,111
894,040
106,239
521,869
**
661,082
12,795
243,790
58,261
69,282
23,033
48,018
64,935
** 1,901
76,022
121,375
345,071
348,661
403,579
82,245
96,223
145,521
875,370
61,569

15,997,377
991,225
101,898
177,084
304,556
36,048
427,829
* 56,190
64,021
8,484,869
306,536
524,101
** 1,703
654,501
12,561
319,046
93,031
286,687
* 8,697
33,877
135,841
* 7,073
291,927
174,006
421,574
436,857
416,850
91,019
141,594
714,019
1,319,860
62,280

1,893,872
456,858
42,211
* 6,408
158,973
23,153
280,582
54,469
12,170
237,866
8,654
134,554
0
143,548
3,653
31,631
19,986
17,543
12,508
17,217
18,106
* 633
30,255
134,236
41,650
87,134
175,789
32,896
16,746
52,768
202,042
* 5,427

Net income less deficit [1]
Net income [1]
Deficit
Qualified business deduction

5,805,506
9,659,650
3,854,143
832,377

650,954
1,559,516
908,562
186,059

* 77,106
* 82,394
* 5,288
* 12,956

-139,440
91,748
231,188
68,969

829,364
1,450,735
621,372
205,896

2,835,339
5,701,082
2,865,743
518,144

161,348
329,606
168,258
126,180

Footnotes at end of table.

Statistics of Income Bulletin

26

Spring 2025

Sole Proprietorship Returns, Tax Year 2022
Table 2. Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships: Income Statements, by Industrial Sectors, Tax Year 2022—Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples—money amounts are in thousands of dollars]

Information

Net income status, item
Total

Motion
picture and
sound
recording

(63)

(64)

Finance and insurance

Publishing
industries

Broadcasting
and content
providers and
telecommunica
tions

Data
processing,
hosting, and
related
services

Web search
portals

Total

Credit
intermediation
and related
activities

(65)

(66)

(67)

(68)

(69)

(70)

BUSINESSES WITH AND WITHOUT NET INCOME
Number of returns

474,727

194,682

32,450

154,694

58,644

34,257

714,448

49,764

Business receipts, total [1]
Income from sales and operations
Other business income (loss)

16,072,057
15,800,201
271,856

6,269,441
6,193,476
75,965

1,372,752
1,344,803
27,950

5,191,150
5,033,349
157,801

1,683,740
1,677,084
6,655

1,554,974
1,551,489
3,485

123,778,874
120,419,627
3,359,247

3,626,846
3,546,077
80,769

Business deductions, total [1]
Cost of sales and operations, total
Inventory, beginning of year
Cost of labor
Purchases
Materials and supplies
Other costs
Inventory, end of year
Advertising expenses
Car and truck expenses
Commissions
Contract labor
Depletion
Depreciation
Employee benefit programs
Insurance
Legal and professional services
Meals deducted
Mortgage interest
Other interest paid on business indebtedness
Office expenses
Pension and profit-sharing plans
Rent paid on machinery and equipment
Rent paid on other business property
Repairs
Supplies
Salaries and wages
Taxes paid
Travel
Utilities
Other business expenses
Home office business deductions, total

11,940,561
2,033,813
135,333
144,913
872,301
178,477
865,905
163,114
422,447
722,916
262,776
1,303,895
* 15
663,696
38,913
118,335
271,507
215,966
9,955
39,936
280,026
3,217
134,160
303,751
75,909
443,011
944,938
155,210
422,026
377,498
2,401,831
292,380

4,546,598
578,493
61,631
* 13,700
140,389
42,096
394,402
73,725
88,724
291,584
128,899
573,933
0
365,049
4,632
38,877
102,153
96,072
** 1,631
13,467
91,542
* 432
64,636
96,964
27,641
215,102
177,348
36,821
249,953
131,224
1,037,057
131,974

1,030,443
267,659
15,423
* 48,185
82,904
* 2,299
142,344
23,495
18,487
32,620
71,721
47,786
0
8,041
8,972
7,199
18,895
6,721
**
6,320
32,182
* 195
9,227
20,793
2,892
8,649
125,949
25,092
23,091
36,857
239,654
11,394

4,031,845
724,916
36,779
* 16,758
449,153
107,479
154,910
40,163
217,728
263,240
44,084
482,429
* 14
173,979
12,027
57,491
92,902
83,110
* 762
15,702
71,830
* 429
50,085
112,310
25,005
146,818
329,690
57,801
108,188
132,554
710,407
118,344

1,208,144
186,570
* 11,099
* 10,934
* 126,464
* 10,878
42,002
* 14,807
42,694
98,181
8,695
80,257
*1
95,725
4,527
7,252
19,217
16,691
* 426
3,412
43,976
* 353
7,433
40,412
14,266
25,802
160,622
16,550
16,367
46,417
257,907
14,392

1,123,531
276,176
* 10,401
* 55,335
73,391
* 15,726
132,247
* 10,924
54,813
37,291
* 9,378
119,489
0
20,901
8,755
7,517
38,340
13,372
* 7,137
1,035
40,496
* 1,809
* 2,779
33,271
6,105
46,640
151,329
18,946
24,427
30,446
156,8

[Text truncated at 120,000 characters. The full text is on the page linked above.]

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/documents/agency%3Airs%3A27f76b09669cb43b. Public record. Not legal advice.