# Reed v. Orme

> West Virginia Supreme Court · November 8, 2007 · 221 W. Va. 337

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/9568017

## Case

- **Full name:** Yvonne REED and Kermit Reed, Her Husband, Plaintiffs Below, Appellants, v. Walter Jason ORME, Defendant Below, Appellee
- **Court:** West Virginia Supreme Court
- **Decided:** November 8, 2007
- **Citations:** 221 W. Va. 337; 655 S.E.2d 83; 228 Educ. L. Rep. 922; 2007 W. Va. LEXIS 95
- **Precedential status:** Published
- **Opinion:** Concurrence by Albright
- **Judges:** Starcher, Maynard, Albright
- **Cited by:** 3 later opinions in the Frix Law Library

## Citator (automated)

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- Full citator and citing cases: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/9568017

## Opinion text

*345 ALBRIGHT, Justice,
concurring:
I concur with the result reached by the majority in upholding the trial court’s grant of summary judgment based solely on Appellants’ failure to submit any counter evidence to refute Appellees’ evidence that the insurance policy at issue was a custom-designed policy. I write separately, however, to recognize a flaw in the majority’s application of syllabus point five of Gibson v. Northfield Insurance Co., 219 W.Va. 40 , 631 S.E.2d 598 (2005). In relying on Gibson to enforce a workers’ compensation exclusion in the subject insurance policy, the majority wrongly focused on the negotiating efforts of BRIM. The only evidence of a custom-designed policy in the record of this case was the affidavit of Bob Mitts, the underwriting manager for BRIM. The majority relies wholly on that affidavit, stating that it demonstrated that “BRIM had investigated and researched the need for the workers* compensation exclusion and had caused its inclusion in the National Union policy.”
I submit that the custom-design evidence contemplated by syllabus point five of Gibson could not be fulfilled by the affidavit prepared by BRIM’s underwriter. Even a cursory reading of Gibson demonstrates that the requisite evidence of a custom-designed policy must relate to the efforts on the part of a political subdivision, in this case, the Logan County Board of Education, to negotiate for specific policy exclusions. 1 That evidence is simply not present in this case. Because there is no evidence in the record of this ease that demonstrates that the insured political subdivision at issue engaged in specific negotiations that resulted in a custom-designed policy, I respectfully disagree with the majority’s conclusion that the workers’ compensation exclusion contained in the National Union policy is enforceable under this Court’s holding in Gibson .
. In syllabus point five of Gibson , this Court made clear that because of the statutory language of West Virginia Code § 29-12A-16(a) which is written in terms of the action taken by a political subdivision, "[t]he limiting terms and conditions must ... be the result of some choice, judgment, volition, wish or inclination as a result of investigation or reasoning by the governmental entity.” 219 W.Va. 40 , 631 S.E.2d 598 , syl. pt. 5, in part.

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/9568017. Public record. Not legal advice.