# Robert Brooks v. City of Oak Ridge

> Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · July 21, 2000 · 222 F.3d 259

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/9493302

## Case

- **Full name:** Robert BROOKS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. CITY OF OAK RIDGE, Defendant-Appellee
- **Court:** Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
- **Decided:** July 21, 2000
- **Citations:** 222 F.3d 259; 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 17510; 2000 WL 1006085
- **Precedential status:** Published
- **Opinion:** Concurrence by Norris
- **Judges:** Norris, Moore, Cole
- **Cited by:** 21 later opinions in the Frix Law Library

## Citator (automated)

- No negative treatment found by the automated citator. That is not the same as a confirmation that the case is good law; read the citing cases.
- Full citator and citing cases: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/9493302

## Opinion text

ALAN E. NORRIS, Circuit Judge,
concurring.
Although I concur in the result reached by the majority, I write separately to express my view that plaintiff has failed to establish that the Oak Ridge bell is, in fact, a Buddhist religious symbol. The conflicting evidence in the record also supports a conclusion that the bell is a Japanese cultural object, or that any resemblance to a Buddhist bell is not substantial enough to give the Oak Ridge bell itself religious significance. I therefore doubt whether a Lemon analysis is even necessary in this situation. In any case, as the majority opinion notes, the Oak Ridge bell passes the Lemon test, and therefore does not violate the Establishment Clause even . if it were shown to be a religious symbol.

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/9493302. Public record. Not legal advice.