# Irving Rosenstein v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

> Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · July 31, 1985 · 769 F.2d 352

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/456232

## Case

- **Full name:** Irving ROSENSTEIN, Et Al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. MERRELL DOW PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., Defendant-Appellant
- **Court:** Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
- **Decided:** July 31, 1985
- **Citations:** 769 F.2d 352; 1985 U.S. App. LEXIS 21019
- **Precedential status:** Published
- **Opinion:** Opinion by Krupansky
- **Judges:** Jones, Krupansky, Hull
- **Cited by:** 10 later opinions in the Frix Law Library

## Citator (automated)

- No negative treatment found by the automated citator. That is not the same as a confirmation that the case is good law; read the citing cases.
- Full citator and citing cases: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/456232

## How later opinions describe it (automated extraction)

- holding the denial of a motion to dismiss on forum non conveniens grounds is not immediately appealable under collateral order exception to final judgment rule

## Opinion text

KRUPANSKY, Circuit Judge.
This appeal confronts the immediate appealability of a
forum non conveniens
order as a final collateral order. The Third and D.C. Circuits have concluded that the denial of a motion to dismiss for
forum non conveniens
is not immediately appeal-able under the exception articulated in
Cohen v. Beneficial Industrial Loan Corp.,
337 U.S. 541 , 69 S.Ct. 1221 , 93 L.Ed. 1528 (1949).
See Coastal Steel v. Tilghman Wheelabrator Ltd.,
709 F.2d 190 (3d Cir.1983), ce
rt. denied,
— U.S. —, 104 S.Ct. 349 , 78 L.Ed.2d 315 (1984);
Nalls v. Rolls-Royce Ltd.,
Nos. 82-1975, 82-1976, 82-2033 (D.C.Cir.) (without opinion),
rehearing en banc denied,
702 F.2d 255 ,
cert. denied,
461 U.S. 970 , 103 S.Ct. 2444 , 77 L.Ed.2d 1327 (1983). The Fourth Circuit, without analysis, has qualified the denial of such a motion to dismiss as satisfying “all of the requirements of the rule of
Cohen
”.
Hodson v. A.H. Robins, Co.,
715 F.2d 142 , 145 n. 2 (4th Cir.1983).
The general rule teaches that the “denial of a motion to dismiss, even when the motion is based on jurisdictional grounds, is not immediately reviewable”.
Catlin v. United States,
324 U.S. 229, 236 , 65 S.Ct. 631, 635 , 89 L.Ed. 911 (1945). The instant inquiry then becomes whether Merrell Dow may circumvent the general rule by invoking the final collateral order exception of
Cohen v. Beneficial Industrial Loan Corporation,
337 U.S. 541 , 69 S.Ct. 1221 , 93 L.Ed. 1528 (1949), when the motion to dismiss is predicated on a claim that the defendant would be inconvenienced if re
*354
quired to defend the case in the forum selected by the plaintiffs.
To come within the small class of decisions excepted from the final judgment rule by
Cohen ,
the order must (1) conclusively determine a disputed question; (2) resolve an important issue separate from the merits; and (3) be effectively unreviewable following a trial on the merits.
See Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. v. Risjord,
449 U.S. 368 , 101 S.Ct. 669 , 66 L.Ed.2d 571 (1981);
Coopers & Lybrand v. Livesay,
437 U.S. 463 , 98 S.Ct. 2454 , 57 L.Ed.2d 351 (1978).
A disputed question is “conclusively determined”, for the purpose of finality under the
Cohen
doctrine, if “the district court has clearly said its last word on the subject”.
Bradshaw v. Zoological Society of San Diego,
662 F.2d 1301 (9th Cir.1981). In the case at bar, this court concurs with the Third Circuit that the district court’s order “established the rejection of the
forum non conveniens
contention as the law of the case, and thus satisfied the first criterion”.
Coastal Steel,
709 F.2d at 195 ;
Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. v. Risjord,
449 U.S. 368, 375-76 , 101 S.Ct. 669, 674 , 66 L.Ed.2d 571 (1981).
The second element, the separability issue, “is a distillation of the principle that there should not be piecemeal review of ‘steps toward final judgment in which they will merge’ ”.
Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital v. Mercury Construction Corp.,
460 U.S. 1 , 12 n. 13, 103 S.Ct. 927 , 935 n. 13, 74 L.Ed.2d 765 (1983). The
Cohen
principle is not available to confer immediate reviewability on orders which involve considerations that are “enmeshed” in the factual and legal issues of the cause of action.
See Coopers & Lybrand v. Livesay,
437 U.S. 463, 476 , 98 S.Ct. 2454, 2462 , 57 L.Ed.2d 351 (1978);
Poindexter v. FBI,
737 F.2d 1173, 1187 (D.C.Cir.1984);
Nelson v. Redfield Lithograph Printing,
728 F.2d 1003, 1005 (8th Cir.1983);
Bradshaw v. Zoological Society of San Diego,
662 F.2d 1301, 1308 (9th Cir.1981).
This circuit is fully cognizant of the numerous factors which the Supreme Court has identified as relevant to the
forum non conveniens
disposition.
See, e.g., Dowling v. Richardson Merrell, Inc.,
727 F.2d 608, 612 (6th Cir.1984). In the instant case, resolution of the
forum non conveniens
issue would require the court to “enmesh” itself deeply with the innumerable factual and legal disputes presented by this controversy, such as the actual locality of the alleged breach of duty or culpable conduct. Hence, the instant appeal does not meet the second element of the
Cohen
analysis. In addition, the decision is effectively reviewable on appeal subsequent to the trial court’s decision on the merits, and therefore fails under the third criteria of the
Cohen
appealability doctrine.
Accordingly, the motion to dismiss the appeal is granted and the appellees are awarded their costs and attorney fees for the appeal.

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/456232. Public record. Not legal advice.