# Trustees of the Metal Polishers Local 8A-28A Funds v. Legacy Restoration Metal Stone Wood, LLC

> District Court, E.D. New York · August 29, 2025

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/11154151

## Case

- **Court:** District Court, E.D. New York
- **Decided:** August 29, 2025
- **Opinion:** 100trialcourt
- **Cited by:** 0 later opinions in the Frix Law Library

## Citator (automated)

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- Full citator and citing cases: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/11154151

## How later opinions describe it (automated extraction)

- holding defendant liable under ERISA for failure to maintain records
- finding reasonable $890 in court filing, service of process, and deposition transcript fees and the costs of photocopying and postage

## Opinion text

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
EASTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK
--------------------------------------------------------------X
TRUSTEES OF THE METAL POLISHERS LOCAL
8A-28A FUNDS, and INTERNATIONAL UNION
OF PAINTERS AND ALLIED TRADES METAL
POLISHERS, PRODUCTION AND NOVELTY
WORKERS LOCAL UNION 8A-28A, DISTRICT
COUNCIL NO. 9, IUPAT, AFL-CIO,

Plaintiffs, REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION

-against- 24-cv-5192-DG-ST

LEGACY RESTORATION METAL STONE
WOOD, LLC,

Defendant.
--------------------------------------------------------------X
TISCIONE, United States Magistrate Judge:

Trustees of the Metal Polishers Local 8A-28A Funds (the “Trustees”), and the International
Union of Painters and Allied Trades Metal Polishers, Production and Novelty Workers Local
Union 8a-28a, District Council No. 9, IUPAT, AFL-CIO (the “Union” and together with Trustees,
“Plaintiffs”), sued Legacy Restoration Metal Stone Wood LLC (“Defendant”) for breach of a labor
contract, and violations of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and
the Labor Management Relations Act (“LMRA”). Plaintiffs’ action seeks damages arising from
Defendant’s alleged failure to make contributions to employee benefit funds, as well as an order
requiring Defendant to permit and cooperate in an audit of Defendant’s books and records.
Presently before this Court is Plaintiffs’ Motion for Default Judgment (the “Motion”). For the
reasons below, this Court respectfully recommends that the District Court GRANT the Motion.
BACKGROUND
I. FACTUAL ALLEGATIONS1
The Union is a labor organization which represents employees in an industry affecting
commerce. Compl. ¶ 8, ECF No. 1. The Union maintains an office in Queens, New York. Id. ¶
9. The Trustees are fiduciaries of jointly administered, multi-employer labor management trust

funds (the “Funds”), which are maintained by the Union and various employers in accordance with
trade agreements and trust indentures. Id. ¶ 5. The Funds are employee benefit plans and multi-
employer plans as defined in ERISA.2 Id. They provide fringe benefits to eligible employees,
retirees, and their dependents. Id. ¶ 6. They are also authorized to collect contributions from those
employees’ employers. Id. The Trustees, as the Funds’ fiduciaries, can maintain suits as
independent legal entities under ERISA, and must bring actions to enforce the provisions of the
trade agreements and trust indentures that concern the protection of employee benefit rights. Id.
Plaintiffs allege that Defendant is an “employer,” within the meaning of ERISA, in an
industry affecting commerce. See id. ¶ 10. Although Plaintiff claims that Defendant is a

corporation, see id. ¶ 11, Defendant appears to, in fact, be a limited liability company. See id. ¶
10. Plaintiff alleges that Defendant performs work in New York state, and is duly organized and
existing under New York law. Id. ¶ 11. Defendant’s last known places of business are in Brooklyn
and New York, New York. Id.
In 2020, Defendant and the Union entered a collective bargaining agreement (the “CBA”),
which was in effect from June 1, 2019, until May 31, 2024. See Ramaglia Aff. Ex. A. at Art. 41.

1 This Court takes the following factual allegations from the Complaint, as well as documents integral to the Complaint
and upon which the Complaint relies (which Plaintiffs have since submitted to the Court in support of the Motion).
See Subaru Distribs. Corp. v. Subaru of Am., Inc., 425 F.3d 119, 122 (2d Cir. 2005). Those documents include the
collective bargaining agreement, as well as the funds’ policy for the collection of delinquent contributions. See
Ramaglia Aff. Ex. A, Ex. B., ECF Nos. 15-1–15-2. This Court assumes that the facts alleged in the Complaint are
true for purposes of the Motion. See Finkel v. Romanowicz, 577 F.3d 79, 83 n.6, 84 (2d Cir. 2009).
2 See 29 U.S.C. §§ 1002(3), (37), 1132(d)(1), 1145.
The CBA automatically renews “for successive one-year periods unless either party serves written
notice upon the other of its desire to terminate or amend [the CBA] by registered mail, at least
thirty (30) days prior to the original expiration date or any renewal thereof.” Id. Under the CBA,
the parties are “bound by all actions taken by the Trustees of the Funds pursuant to the [CBA] and
Declarations of Trust.” Id. at Art. 19 ¶ 5. Plaintiffs contend that such provision of the CBA binds

Defendant to the Funds’ Policy for the Collection of Delinquent Contributions (the “Policy”). See
Ramaglia Aff. ¶ 2; id. Ex. B.
According to the Complaint, under the CBA and/or “Trust Indenture,” and/or the Policy,
Defendant was required, during the relevant time period, to submit contribution reports setting
forth the hours that employees worked and the amount in contributions due under the CBA’s rate
schedule. Compl. ¶ 13. Defendant was also required to remit such monetary contributions in
accordance with the CBA and trust indenture. Id. Plaintiffs allege that, upon information and
belief, “there became due and owing to the Funds from [Defendant] contribution reports and fringe
benefit contributions.” Id. ¶ 14. However, Defendant failed and refused to remit such “benefit

contributions and/or union assessments” “in the minimum amount of $97,740.10 for the period
July 1, 2019 through July 31, 2022,” a number which Plaintiffs assert is based on an audit. Id. ¶¶
15, 16.
The CBA also requires Defendant to permit and cooperate with the Funds in an audit of
the Defendants’ financial records “for the purpose of ascertaining whether the full amount of
benefit contributions have been made to the Funds . . . .” Id. ¶ 24. To that end, Plaintiffs allege
that Defendant failed and refused to allow a complete audit by the Funds for the period of July 1,
2019, through July 31, 2022. Id. ¶ 25.
II. PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Plaintiffs sued Defendant on July 25, 2024. See generally id. Defendant failed to answer
the Complaint or otherwise appear in the case. Accordingly, on September 25, 2024, Plaintiffs
requested a certificate of default against Defendant. See Request for Certificate of Default, ECF
No. 6. However, the Clerk of Court denied Plaintiff’s request, as the request had failed to include

a certificate of service showing that the required documents had been served on Defendant or
mailed to Defendant’s last known business address. See Docket Entry, dated September 26, 2024.
On September 27, 2024, Plaintiffs renewed their request for a certificate of default (this time,
including the requisite proof of service), which the Clerk of Court entered on October 1, 2024. See
Entry of Default, ECF No. 8.
On December 12, 2024, Plaintiffs filed a request for a sum certain default judgment, along
with accompanying affidavits and documents supporting their request. See Request for Sum
Certain Default J., ECF No 10. On December 13, 2024, the Clerk of Court notified Plaintiffs that,
due to their request seeking attorneys’ fees and other substantive relief, Plaintiffs could not request

a sum certain default judgment. See Notice, dated December 13, 2024.
On December 15, 2024, Plaintiffs filed a notice of motion for default judgment for the
instant Motion. See Notice of Mot. for Default J., ECF No. 16. On December 17, 2024, the
Honorable Diane Gujarati referred the Motion to this Court for report and recommendation. See
Order Referring Mot., dated December 17, 2024. That same day, this Court ordered Plaintiffs to
file a memorandum of law in compliance with Local Civil Rule 7.1. See Docket Order, dated
December 17, 2024; see also Loc. Civ. R. 7.1 (requiring motions to include, among other things,
a “memorandum of law, setting forth the cases and other authorities relied on in support of the
motion, and divided, under appropriate headings, into as many parts as there are issues to be
determined”). On December 19, 2024, Plaintiffs filed a memorandum of law in support of the
Motion. See Pls.’ Mem. Law in Supp., ECF No. 18.
LEGAL STANDARD
Obtaining a default judgment is a two-step process. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 55. Step one is to
obtain an entry of default from the Clerk of Court. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a) (“When a party against

whom a judgment for affirmative relief is sought has failed to plead or otherwise defend, and that
failure is shown by affidavit or otherwise, the clerk must enter the party’s default.”). Step two is
to seek default judgment. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b). “If the plaintiff’s claim is for a sum certain
or a sum that can be made certain by computation,” the Clerk must, “on the plaintiff’s request,
with an affidavit showing the amount due . . . enter judgment for that amount and costs against a
defendant . . . .” Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b)(1). “In all other cases,” a party must move for a default
judgment before the court. Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b)(2).
When a plaintiff moves for default judgment, the court must accept the complaint’s well-
pleaded factual allegations as true. Finkel, 577 F.3d at 84; see City of New York v. Mickalis Pawn

Shop, LLC, 645 F.3d 114, 137 (2d Cir. 2011) (“a defendant who defaults thereby admits all ‘well-
pleaded’ factual allegations contained in the complaint.”). From there, the court must determine
whether the facts alleged establish the defendant’s liability as a matter of law. Mickalis Pawn
Shop, 645 F.3d at 137. After all, “liability does not automatically attach from the well-pleaded
allegations of the complaint, as it remains the court’s responsibility to ensure that the factual
allegations, accepted as true, provide a proper basis for liability and relief.” Rolls-Royce PLC v.
Rolls-Royce USA, Inc., 688 F.Supp.2d 150, 153 (E.D.N.Y. 2010).
After determining that a defaulting party is liable, the court decides whether, and how
much, to award in damages. See Finkel, 577 F.3d at 83 n.6 (“a default is not an admission of
damages”). The court must “conduct an inquiry in order to ascertain the amount of damages with
reasonable certainty.” Credit Lyonnais Sec. (USA), Inc. v. Alcantara, 183 F.3d 151, 155 (2d Cir.
1999). To show entitlement to damages, the movant must show that the “compensation sought
relates to the damages that naturally flow from the injuries pleaded.” Morales v. B&M Gen.
Renovation Inc., 14-cv-7290 (MKB) (MDG), 2016 WL 1266624, at *2 (E.D.N.Y Mar. 9, 2016),

report and recommendation adopted, 2016 WL 1258482 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 29, 2016) (citations
omitted). The court can decide whether, and how much, to award in damages without an
evidentiary hearing if “sufficiently detailed affidavits and documentary evidence” support the
request for damages. J & J Sports Prods., Inc. v. LX Food Grocery Inc., 15-cv-6505 (NGG), 2016
WL 6905946, at *2 (E.D.N.Y. Nov. 23, 2016).
JURISDICTION & VENUE
I. SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION
Before granting a default judgment motion, “a court must first determine whether it has
subject matter jurisdiction over the action.” Mt. Hawley Ins. Co. v. Pioneer Creek B LLC, 20-cv-

150, 2021 WL 4427016, at *3 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 27, 2021). Here, this Court has subject matter
jurisdiction over Plaintiffs’ ERISA and breach of a labor contract claims under 29 U.S.C. §§
185(a), 1132(e)-(f), and 28 U.S.C. § 1331.
II. PERSONAL JURISDICTION
Before granting a motion for default judgment, a court may assure itself that it has personal
jurisdiction over the defendant. Sinoying Logistics Pte Ltd. v. Yi Da Xin Trading Corp., 619 F.3d
207, 213 (2d Cir. 2010) (“we agree with our sister circuits that before a court grants a motion for
default judgment, it may first assure itself that it has personal jurisdiction over the defendant”).
Here, while Plaintiffs do not make any arguments regarding personal jurisdiction, the Complaint
asserts, upon information and belief, that Defendant is a “foreign corporation performing work in
the State of New York and duly organized and existing pursuant to the laws of the State of New
York with its last known places of business at 7014 13th Avenue, Suite 202, Brooklyn, New York
11228 and 87 Ellwood Street, Suite 4L, New York, New York 10040.” Compl. ¶ 11.
As mentioned, Defendant actually appears to be a limited liability company, rather than a

corporation. See id. ¶ 10. Accordingly, as permitted under New York LLC Law § 303(a)(1),
Plaintiffs effected service of process on Defendant by serving an authorized agent of the New York
Secretary of State. See Summons Returned Executed, ECF No. 5. Although “serving a summons
establishes personal jurisdiction over a defendant who is subject to the jurisdiction of a court of
general jurisdiction in the state where the district court is located,” Licci ex rel. Licci v. Lebanese
Canadian Bank, SAL, 673 F.3d 50, 59 (2d Cir. 2012) (cleaned up) (citing Fed. R. Civ. P.
4(k)(1)(A)), Plaintiffs do not, in their memorandum of law, brief the issue of whether Defendant,
as a purportedly “foreign” company, is subject to this Court’s jurisdiction.
This Court, however, reviews that question and finds that, despite Plaintiffs’ assertion that

Defendant is a “foreign” company, Defendant is actually a New York domestic limited liability
company—according to the Department of State Division of Corporations3—a fact of which this
Court can take judicial notice. See Fair Housing Just. Ctr. Inc. v. Lighthouse Living LLC, 20-cv-
4066 (NSR), 2021 WL 4267695, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 20, 2021) (“the Court may take judicial
notice of the public Entity Information provided by the New York State Department of State,
Division of Corporations Corporate and Business Entity Database.” (cleaned up); see also Reed
Const. Data Inc. v. McGraw-Hill Cos., Inc., 638 Fed. App’x 43, 47 n.2 (2d Cir. 2016) (taking

3 See N.Y. Dep’t of State, Div. of Corps., Entity Information, https://apps.dos.ny.gov/publicInquiry/EntityDisplay (last
visited Aug. 29, 2025).
judicial notice of business incorporation records contained on Georgia’s Secretary of State
website).
Accordingly, as Defendant is a New York limited liability company, and was properly
served by Plaintiffs, this Court has personal jurisdiction over Defendant. See Exhibition Emps.
Loc. 829 I.A.T.S.E Pension Fund v. Nat’l Convention Servs., LLC, 24-cv-7833 (MKV), 2025 WL

2253741, at *2 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 7, 2025).
III. VENUE
An action to recover unpaid contributions under ERISA may be brought in the district
where the plan is administered. 29 U.S.C. §§ 1132(e)(2), 1451(d). Because the Funds are
administered in Queens, New York, see Compl. ¶ 7, venue in this District is appropriate.
DISCUSSION
I. LOCAL RULES
The court will not grant a default judgment motion “unless the party making the motion
adheres to all of the applicable procedural rules.” Annuity, Welfare & Apprenticeship Skill

Improvement & Safety Funds of Int’l Union of Operating Eng’rs, Loc. 15, 15A, 15C & 15D, AFL-
CIO v. Allstate Mapping & Layout, LLC, 22-cv-1831 (PKC), 2023 WL 1475389, at *1 (E.D.N.Y.
Feb. 2, 2023) (citing Century Surety Co. v. Adweek, 16-cv-335 (ENV) (PK), 2018 WL 10466835,
at *1 (E.D.N.Y. Jan. 9, 2018)); see Zaldivar v. Janl, Inc., 23-cv-1434 (NCM) (LGD), 2024 WL
4293326, at *4 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 24, 2024), report and recommendation adopted, (E.D.N.Y. Nov.
13, 2024) (“Compliance with this Court’s Local Rules is necessary to grant default judgment.”).
Therefore, before granting a default judgment motion, courts in this District must ensure
that the movant “took all the required procedural steps” under Local Civil Rules 55.2 and 7.1. J
& J Sports Prods., Inc. v. Vergara, 19-cv-2382 (FB) (VMS), 2020 WL 1034393, at *2 (E.D.N.Y.
Feb. 6, 2020), report and recommendation adopted, 2020 WL 1031756 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 3, 2020);
see Contino v. United States, 535 F.3d 124, 126 (2d Cir. 2008) (“Local rules have the force of law,
as long as they do not conflict with a rule prescribed by the Supreme Court, Congress, or the
Constitution.”). A movant’s failure to do so warrants a motion’s denial. Mulligan Funding LLC
v. Tommy Interior Contracting Corp., 23-cv-8808 (RER) (JAM), 741 F.Supp.3d 1, 12–13

(E.D.N.Y. July 23, 2024) (“‘As harsh at it may seem,’ courts in this district ‘have repeatedly’ denied
motions for default judgment based on a movant’s failure to adhere to Local Civil Rule[s]”
(citations omitted)).
Here, in support of their Motion, Plaintiffs have filed a copy of the Complaint, the
certificate of default, a statement of damages, the documents required under Local Civil Rule 7.1,
and proof of mailing of the same to Defendant’s last known business addresses. See Statement of
Damages, ECF No. 11; Kugielska Aff., ECF No. 12; Azzopardi Aff., ECF No. 13; Moss Aff., ECF
No. 14; Ramaglia Aff.; Notice of Mot.; Certificate of Serv., ECF No. 17; Mem. Law in Supp;
Certificate of Serv., ECF No. 19. As such, Plaintiffs have complied with Local Civil Rule 55.2,

which governs default judgments in this District. See generally Loc. Civ. R. 55.2.
II. STANDING
“ERISA vests the Court with jurisdiction over civil actions brought by fiduciaries of
employee benefit plans to enforce provisions of such plans.” Trs. of Loc. 7 Tile Indus. Welfare
Fund v. City Tile, Inc., 10-cv-322 (SJ) (ALC), 2011 WL 917600, at *1 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 18, 2011),
report and recommendation adopted, 2011 WL 864331 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 10, 2011); see 29 U.S.C. §
1132(a)(3).
The LMRA provides a federal cause of action for “violation of contracts between an
employer and a labor organization representing employees in an industry affecting commerce.”
29 U.S.C. § 185(a). Unions and employee benefit funds thus have standing to sue under the
LMRA. Metal Lathers Loc. 46 Pension Fund v. River Ave. Contracting Corp., 954 F. Supp. 2d
250, 256 (S.D.N.Y. 2013); Legal Aid Soc’y v. City of New York, 114 F. Supp. 2d 204, 214 (S.D.N.Y.
2000).
Here, Plaintiffs have established their standing under both ERISA and the LMRA. The

Trustees are “fiduciaries” within the meaning of ERISA.4 See Compl. ¶ 5. The Funds are multi-
employer/employee benefit plans under ERISA. Id. Additionally, the Union is a labor
organization representing employees in an industry affecting commerce. Id. ¶ 8. Accordingly,
Plaintiffs have standing to bring their claims against Defendant.
III. LIABILITY
Plaintiffs allege that Defendant breached the CBA by: (1) failing to remit contributions to
the Funds; and (2) failing to permit and cooperate in an audit of its books and records. See
generally Compl. Plaintiffs argue that such conduct subjects Defendant to liability under ERISA
and the LMRA. This Court agrees.

A. Failure to Remit Contributions
Plaintiffs allege that Defendant breached the CBA by failing to make required contributions
to the Funds on behalf of its employees. See Compl. ¶¶ 15, 31, 46. A breach of a CBA based on
a failure to make employee benefit contributions and payments is actionable under Section 301 of
the LMRA. See, e.g., Annuity, Welfare & Apprenticeship Skill Improvement & Safety Funds of
Int’l Union of Operating Engineers, Loc. 15, 15A, 15C & 15D, AFL-CIO v. Genrus Corp., 20-cv-
4980 (MKB) (RER), 2021 WL 4755704, at *2 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 16, 2021), report and
recommendation adopted, 2021 WL 3928952 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 2, 2021) (collecting cases); Gesualdi

4 See 29 U.S.C. § 1002(21).
v. D & E Top Soil & Trucking Inc., 11-cv-5938 (NG) (MDG), 2013 WL 1729269, at *3 (E.D.N.Y.
Mar. 26, 2013) (holding that defendant’s failure to pay contributions when due was a breach of the
CBA and, in turn, a violation of LMRA § 301(a)).
Here, the CBA obligates Defendant to make certain contributions to the employees’
Welfare Fund and Retirement Fund. See Ramaglia Aff. Ex. A. Art. 17, 18; see also id. Art. 19.

Plaintiffs allege that Defendant failed to make such contributions. See Compl. ¶¶ 15, 31. Such
allegations suffice to state a claim under Section 301. See Annuity, Welfare & Apprenticeship Skill
Improvement & Safety Funds of the Int’l Union of Operating Eng’rs, Loc. 15, 15a, 15c & 15d, Afl-
Cio v. Trac Constr. Grp., 22-cv-1935 (ENV) (RER), 2022 WL 7810540, at *3 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 4,
2022), report and recommendation adopted, (E.D.N.Y. Dec. 21, 2022) (“[A]llegations that an
employer failed to remit contributions according to the terms of an applicable collective bargaining
agreement are sufficient to establish liability for breach of that agreement under the LMRA.”); Trs.
of the Loc. 813 Ins. Tr. Fund v. A.A. Danzo Sanitation, Inc., 16-cv-318 (SJ) (SJB), 2018 WL
4268907, at *4 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 8, 2018), report and recommendation adopted, 2018 WL 4266038

(E.D.N.Y. Sept. 5, 2018) (holding that the defendants were liable under the LMRA for failing to
make contributions to the funds, as required under the applicable collective bargaining agreement).
These very allegations also amount to a violation of ERISA Section 515 of, which provides:
Every employer who is obligated to make contributions to a multiemployer plan
under the terms of the plan or under the terms of a collectively bargained agreement
shall, to the extent not inconsistent with law, make such contributions in accordance
with the terms and conditions of such plan or such agreement.

29 U.S.C. § 1145; see Flanagan v. Marco Martelli Assocs., Inc., 13-cv-6023 (ADS) (AKT), 2015
WL 1042279, at *8 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 9, 2015) (noting that, under Section 515, “employers are
required to pay fringe benefit contributions pursuant to an effective collective bargaining
agreement”). To establish a violation of Section 515, Plaintiffs must show that Defendant is (1)
an employer, (2) bound by a CBA that required payment of contributions, who (3) failed to make
those contributions. See Health & Welfare Fund of the United Food & Com. Workers Loc. 2013,
AFL-CIO by Carotenuto v. Precision Abstract, LLC, 16-cv-4690 (AMD) (SMG), 2017 WL
4325713, at *3 (E.D.N.Y. May 19, 2017) report and recommendation adopted, 2017 WL 4296740
(E.D.N.Y. Sept. 26, 2017).

Here, Plaintiffs allege that Defendant is an employer within the meaning of ERISA, and
that the Funds are employee benefit plans as defined by ERISA. See Compl. ¶¶ 5, 10. Plaintiffs
also allege that the CBA obligated Defendant to make benefit contributions, and that it failed to do
so. Id. ¶ 13. In the default judgment context, such an allegation, taken as true, suffices to state a
claim under Section 515. See Danzo Sanitation, 2018 WL 4268907, at *3 (holding that the
employer’s failure to make contributions pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement
“constitutes a violation of ERISA”); Trs. of Pavers & Road Builders Dist. Council Welfare,
Pension, Annuity & Apprenticeship, Skill Improvement & Safety Funds v. Triple H. Concrete Corp.,
15-cv-6687 (ARR) (VMS), 2018 WL 1178036, at *6 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 16, 2018), report and

recommendation adopted, 2018 WL 1175151 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 6, 2018) (citations omitted).
B. Failure to Permit & Cooperate in Audit
Plaintiffs also allege that Defendant breached the CBA by failing to permit and cooperate
in an audit of its books and records. Plaintiffs argue that they are entitled to such an audit under
the CBA, as well as ERISA.
Indeed, both the CBA and the Policy require Defendant to submit to an audit of its records.
Under the CBA, “the Trustees shall have the authority to have a certified public accountant audit
the payroll, wage, and other relevant records of the Employer for the purpose of determining the
accuracy of contributions to each respective fund.” Ramaglia Aff. Ex. A. Art. 19 ¶ 5. Under the
Policy, the Trustees have the “right to audit all the books and records of [Defendant], including but
not limited to payroll ledgers, federal and state tax returns, IRS Form 941s and such other books
and records of [Defendant] that are necessary in order for the auditors to ascertain accuracy,
completeness and timeliness of such [Defendant] contributions to the Funds.” Id. Ex. B. § 1 ¶ 2.
Additionally, under ERISA, employers are obligated to maintain certain books and records

so that employee benefit plans can review them to determine whether contributions are due. See
29 U.S.C. § 1059(a)(1) (“[E]very employer shall . . . maintain records with respect to each of his
employees sufficient to determine the benefits due or which may become due to such
employees.”); La Barbera v. Fed. Metal & Glass Corp., 666 F. Supp. 2d 341, 347 (E.D.N.Y. 2009)
(holding defendant liable under ERISA for failure to maintain records).
Plaintiffs allege that Defendant “has failed and refused to allow a complete audit by the
Funds for the period of July 1, 2019, through July 31, 2022.” Compl. ¶ 25; see id. ¶ 41 (“The
failure to permit a complete audit has injured the funds . . . ”). As such, Plaintiffs have established
Defendant’s liability for failing to permit and cooperate in an audit of its records. See Trs. of Metal

Polishers Loc. 8a-28a Funds v. Kenny Building Servs., Inc., 19-cv-5120 (ENV) (PK), 2020 WL
13158289, at *5 (E.D.N.Y. Nov. 23, 2020), report and recommendation adopted, (E.D.N.Y. Jan.
8, 2021).
IV. DAMAGES, COSTS, & OTHER RELIEF
As Plaintiffs have established Defendant’s liability, this Court turns to evaluate damages.
Plaintiffs seek various damages, costs, and other relief, which include:
• $56,962.01, the principal amount of benefit contributions due for the period of July
1, 2019, through July 31, 2022;

• $23,143.75 in interest calculated at 9% per annum;
• $11,992.40 in liquidated damages calculated at 20% of the principal amount;
• $37,778.09, the union assessments due for the period of July 1, 2019, through July
31, 2022;

• $3,870.00 in attorneys’ fees;
• $8436.25 in audit costs; and
• $479.00 in court costs and disbursements.
See Statement of Damages. In total, Plaintiff seeks $145,661.50. See id. This Court will assess
each requested category of damages and costs.
A. Court Ordered Audit
At the outset, this Court notes that Plaintiffs’ Complaint seeks a court order requiring
Defendant to permit and cooperate in an audit of Defendant’s books and records for the period of
July 1, 2019, through July 31, 2022. See Compl. Second & Fourth Claim for Relief (a). However,
Plaintiffs appear to have abandoned that request, as their memorandum of law does not mention
such a request, and their proposed default judgment order does not include such an order. See Pls.’
Mem. Law in Supp.; Kugielska Aff. Ex. D., ECF No. 12-4. As a practical matter, the Funds have
already conducted an audit upon which they base their damages request, and for which they are
seeking costs. See Moss Aff. ¶ 2; id. Ex. A, ECF No. 14-1. As such, this Court sees no reason to
order another audit at this time. Should Plaintiffs decide to renew their request for a court order
requiring Defendant to permit and cooperate with an audit, Plaintiffs should brief the issue as to

why an additional audit would be necessary.
B. Principal Amount of Benefit Contributions
Plaintiffs base their damages request on an audit conducted by Patrick Moss, a certified
public accountant. See generally Moss Aff. “[C]ourts in this District have consistently found that
an audit report is sufficient to support a claim for damages.” Trs. of Laborers Loc. Union No. 1298
of Nassau & Suffolk Cntys. Benefit Funds v. Sitework Mgmt., Inc., 206 F.Supp.3d 790, 796
(E.D.N.Y. 2016). Courts have further “found it appropriate to rely on an audit or an auditor’s
opinion to prove that defendant employers did not make required contributions to funds.” Trs. of
the Loc. 813 Ins. Tr. Fund v. All Cnty. Funeral Serv., Inc., 18-cv-737 (ENV) (RER), 2019 WL
5088285, at *3 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 7, 2019), report and recommendation adopted, 2019 WL 5087097
(E.D.N.Y. Oct. 10, 2019) (citations and quotations omitted); see Gesualdi v. Fortunata Carting

Inc., 5 F. Supp. 3d 262, 273 (E.D.N.Y. 2014) (awarding requested unpaid contribution amount
where audit reports, worksheets, and declarations of auditor explained the basis for results that
could be verified by the Court). However, “this is true only when the audit report contains
sufficient information to enable the Court to determine the amount of delinquent contributions.”
All Cnty. Funeral Serv., Inc., 2019 WL 5088285, at *3 (citation and quotations omitted).
Here, according to Moss, “the payroll audit of Defendant’s books and records for the period
July 1, 2019 through July 31, 2022 uncovered a principal benefit contributions delinquency amount
of $59,962.01.” Moss Aff. ¶ 3. Moss explains that his payroll audit analyzes and itemizes: “the
deficiencies owed to each of the Funds for the relevant period; the number of unreported hours

that the Employer owes contributions for each year of the relevant period; and the individual
members of the Union that the deficient benefit hours and amounts correspond to for the relevant
period.” Id.
Upon review of the audit, this Court notes that there is a one cent discrepancy between the
calculations on the second page of the audit report, which show the deficiency amount adding up
to the requested $59,962.01, and the third page of the audit report, in which the numbers listed add
up to $59,962.02, rather than the listed $59,962.01. See id. Ex. A. However, as this discrepancy
is only one cent, possibly due to a typographical error, and Plaintiffs are requesting the lower of
the two amounts, this Court concurs with Moss’s findings. Plaintiffs’ requested damages are
otherwise made with “reasonable certainty” based on the remainder of the audit report. This Court
thus recommends awarding Plaintiffs $59,962.01 as the principal amount owed in benefit
contributions. See Nat’l Convention Servs., 2025 WL 2253741, at *4 (“Based on the Court’s
independent review of these documents, the Court finds that they provide a sufficient basis from
which to evaluate the fairness of the requested damages.” (citation and quotations omitted)).

C. Interest
Plaintiffs also request interest owed on the unpaid benefit contributions. See generally
Moss Aff. Ex. A. Courts can “award prejudgment interest to a successful ERISA claimant, and
that decision . . . is committed to the sound discretion of the district court.” Trs. of Building Trades
Educ. Benefit Fund v. Romero Elec. LLC, 19-cv-3515 (DRH) (AYS), 2021 WL 3604811, at *7
(E.D.N.Y. July 19, 2021), report and recommendation adopted, 2021 WL 3603613 (E.D.N.Y. Aug.
13, 2021) (citation omitted). The amount of interest due for unpaid contributions must be
“determined by using the rate provided under the plan, or, if none, the rate prescribed by section
6621 of the Internal Revenue Code.” 29 U.S.C. § 1132(g).

Here, the Policy states, “[i]nterest shall accrue on delinquent contributions from the due
date at the rate nine (9%) per annum.” Ramaglia Aff. Ex. B. § 5 ¶ 1. As such, Moss calculated
interest at a 9% rate compounded annually on the deficiency amount. See Moss Aff. ¶ 4. Upon
Moss’s review of Defendant’s books and records, he determined that “Defendant owes interest for
the years 2019 ($1,309.34); 2020 ($3,491.22); 2021 ($5,185.90); 2022 ($6,295.35); and 2023
($6,861.94) all in the total sum of $23,143.75.” Id. Moss provides, “[a]n example of how interest
is calculated is as follows: for the year 2019, the pro-rated interest rate of nine percent (9%) per
annum is multiplied by $29,096.79, which equals the interest owed for the year 2019 in the sum
of $1,309.34,” and that each year’s interest was calculated in the same way through December 31,
2023. Id. He further notes that, “[a] pro-rated interest rate in the amount of four and a half percent
(4.5%) per annum was applied for the year 2019 to account for the audit beginning six (6) months
into 2019. The nine percent (9%) per annum interest rate was pro-rated by dividing it in half to
reflect a four and a half percent (4.5%) per annum interest rate, which was applied to the year
2019.” Id. n.2. As the information in the audit supports Moss’s findings, this Court recommends

awarding the requested $23,143.75 in interest on the unpaid benefit contributions. See Nat’l
Convention Servs., 2025 WL 2253741, at *4 (awarding interest on unpaid contributions).
D. Liquidated Damages
Plaintiffs also request liquidated damages. See generally Moss Aff. Ex. A. Under ERISA,
in addition to the unpaid contributions and the interest, the court shall award “an amount equal to
the greater of . . . interest on the unpaid contribution, or . . . liquidated damages provided for under
the plan in an amount not to exceed 20 percent.” 29 U.S.C. § 1132(g)(2)(c)(i–ii). Under the Policy,
“[i]f the delinquent contributions are not received in the Fund Office when due, the Board may
assess liquidated damages at the rate of 20 (20%) percent of the principal amount due.” Ramaglia

Aff. Ex. B. § 5 ¶ 2.
According to Moss, “liquidated damages are calculated by multiplying the principal
contributions delinquency amount of $59,962.01 by the liquidated damages rate of twenty percent
(20% ), which equals $11,992.40.” Moss. Aff. ¶ 5. This Court concurs with Moss’s calculation.
However, as the statute calls for the Court to award the greater of either liquidated damages not
exceeding 20%, or the interest amount owed, this Court recommends awarding an additional
$23,143.75 for interest on the unpaid benefit contributions instead of the 20% liquidated damages
amount. See Sullivan v. Champion Elec. Mech. Builders Corp., 18-cv-5618 (ENV) (RER), 2020
WL 9814085, at *8 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 25, 2020), report and recommendation adopted, (E.D.N.Y.
Mar. 21, 2020) (awarding the greater of the two amounts).
E. Union Assessments
Plaintiffs also seek to recover unpaid union assessments due for the period of July 1, 2019,
through July 31, 2022. Moss explains that “[t]he payroll audit of the Defendant’s books and

records for the period July 1, 2019 through July 31, 2022 uncovered a union assessments
delinquency amount of $37,778.09,” which includes “an overtime wage differential in the amount
of $36,677.76, reflecting the Defendant’s incorrect application of the regular hour wage rate
instead of the overtime wage rate, and the union dues based on that differential in the amount of
$1,100.33.” Moss Aff. ¶ 7; see Azzopardi Aff.; see also Ramaglia Aff. Ex. A. Art. 4, 26, 39.
In reviewing Moss’s audit, this Court again notes a one cent discrepancy between Moss’s
calculated overtime differential of $36,677.76, and the amount listed within the audit report itself
on the page entitled, “Summary of Overtime Wage Differential for houses worked in excess of 40
hours per week.” See Moss. Aff. Ex. A. There, the total amounts listed for each year add up to

$36,677.77, rather than $36,677.76. See id. As this discrepancy is only one cent, possibly based
on a typographical error, and Plaintiffs are requesting the lower of the two amounts, this Court
recommends awarding union assessments of $37,778.09. See Trs. of the Pavers & Road Builders
Dist. Council Welfare, Pension, & Annuity Funds v. Toros Brothers Constr. Corp., 24-cv-537 (FB)
(MMH), 2025 WL 819918, at *7 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 16, 2025), report and recommendation adopted,
(E.D.N.Y. Mar. 31, 2025) (awarding union assessments).
F. Attorneys’ Fees
Plaintiffs also seek attorneys’ fees, on behalf of Lauren M. Kugielska, in the amount of
$3,870.00 for 12.9 hours of work at a $300 hourly rate. Kugielska Aff. ¶ 21. ERISA allows for
an award of reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. See 29 U.S.C. § 1132(g)(2)(D). Under the Policy,
“[a]ttorneys’ fees shall be due to the Funds from a delinquent Employer at the hourly rate charged
to the Funds for such services, for all time spent by Legal Counsel in collection efforts.” Ramaglia
Aff. Ex. B. § 5 ¶ 3.
District courts have discretion to determine the reasonable amount to award in attorneys’

fees. Annuity, Welfare & Apprenticeship Skill Improvement & Safety Funds of the Int’l Union of
Operating Eng’rs Loc. 15, 15A, 15C & 15D, AFL-CIO by Callahan v. Concrete Indus. One Corp.,
22-cv-6080 (ENV) (TAM), 2023 WL 7390362, at *9 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 9, 2023), adopted sub nom.
by Annuity, Welfare & Apprenticeship Skill Improvement & Safety Funds of Int’l Union of
Operating Eng’rs Loc. 15, 15A, 15C & 15D, AFL-CIO by Callahan v. Concrete Indus. One Corp.,
22-cv-6080 (ENV)(TAM), 2023 WL 6969943 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 23, 2023). In determining the
reasonable fee, a court must first determine a reasonable hourly rate for the legal services
performed, and then determine the reasonableness of the hours expended by counsel. See Millea
v. Metro-N. R. Co., 658 F.3d 154, 166 (2d Cir. 2011); Rubin v. HSBC Bank USA, NA, 763 F. Supp.

3d 233, 238 (E.D.N.Y. 2025).
To determine a reasonable hourly rate, the court considers “rates prevailing in the
community for similar services of lawyers of reasonably comparable skill, experience, and
reputation.” Cruz v. Loc. Union No. 3 of the Int’l Bhd. of Elec. Workers, 34 F.3d 1148, 1159 (2d
Cir. 1994) (internal quotations omitted). The “community” is the “district in which the reviewing
court sits.” Scharff, 2016 WL 3166848, at *4 (quoting Bergerson v. N.Y. State Office of Mental
Health, Cent. N.Y. Psychiatric Ctr., 652 F.3d 277, 290 (2d Cir. 2011)). In the Eastern District,
reasonable rates currently range from “$450-$650 for partners, $300-$450 for senior associates,
$150-$300 for junior associates, and $100-$150 for paralegals.” Rubin, 763 F. Supp. 3d at 244.
The fee applicant has the burden of justifying the requested rate as reasonable. See Scharff, 2016
WL 3166848, at *4.
Here, Attorney Kugielska affirms that she was admitted to practice in this Court in 2014.
Kugielska Aff. ¶ 21. Although she does not technically specify whether she is a partner or
associate, she states that she “acted as lead counsel with court filings” on this case, and that the

“customary rate” for associates at her firm is $300 per hour. Given that Plaintiff has been
practicing in this Court for approximately 11 years, and $300 is at the bottom of the range for
reasonable senior associate rates in this District, Attorney Kugielska’s $300 hourly rate is
reasonable. See Toros Brothers Constr., 2025 WL 819918, at *9 (finding as reasonable, in a similar
case, a $333 hourly rate for attorneys who graduated law school in 2016 and 2018).
As for the reasonableness of the hours expended, Attorney Kugielska submitted time
records for 12.9 hours of work, all of which related to bringing of this case, submitting proof of
service with the Court, obtaining an entry of default, and moving for default judgment. See
Kugielska Aff. ¶ 23. After a review of these records, this Court finds such billed activities to be

“reasonable and not excessive, redundant, or unnecessary.” Toros Brothers Constr., 2025 WL
819918, at *10. This Court further finds that the total hours expended are a reasonable number of
hours expended in ERISA cases involving a default judgment. Id. (finding 46.8 hours of work
reasonable in similar cases); see Trs. of Pavers & Rd. Builders Dist. Council Welfare, Pension,
Annuity & Loc. 1010 Apprenticeship, Skill Improvement & Training Funds v. PCM Contracting
Corp., 20-cv-1834 (FB) (SJB), 2022 WL 584536, at *10 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 3, 2022), report and
recommendation adopted, 2022 WL 580959 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 24, 2022) (awarding 39.4 hours of
work in an ERISA default judgment); Gesualdi v. Torretta Trucking Inc., 10-cv-1249, 2012 WL
1102803, at *9 (E.D.N.Y. Mar. 12, 2012), report and recommendation adopted, 2012 WL 1103179
(E.D.N.Y. Apr. 2, 2012) (finding “22.8 hours at attorney rates and 6.3 hours at paralegal rates to
be reasonable” in an ERISA default judgment action); Trs. of the Pavers & Builders Dist. Council
Welfare, Pension, Annuity & Apprenticeship, Skill Improvement & Safety Funds v. Base Constr.
Corp., 16-cv-4068, 2017 WL 3017187, at *5 (E.D.N.Y. June 20, 2017) (finding that 22.95 hours
of attorney work and 4.5 hours of paralegal work were reasonable in an ERISA default litigation).

Accordingly, this Court recommends awarding the requested $3,870.00 in attorneys’ fees.
G. Audit Costs
Plaintiffs also ask the Court to award audit fees. In his sworn affidavit, the auditor
confirmed that audit fees totaled $8,436.25. Moss Aff. ¶ 6. Although somewhat confusing as
written, the Policy provides that, “auditors’ fees shall be due to the Funds from a delinquent
Employer in the event a deficiency is determined by the Fund Auditors, is greater than five percent
(5%) of the contributions paid for the period audited.” Ramaglia Aff. Ex. B. § 5 ¶ 4.
While ERISA “does not expressly provide compensation for audit fees, courts have
generally allowed [such] recovery,” Tr. of the Loc. Tile Indust. Welfare Fund v. Caesar Max Tile

Corp., 13-cv-924 (RRM) (VMS), 2014 WL 991723 at *11 (citation omitted), as the statute permits
the court to award “such other legal or equitable relief as the court deems appropriate.” 29 U.S.C.
§ 1132(g)(2)(E). This Court thus recommends awarding Plaintiffs $8,436.25 in auditor’s fees.
H. Court Costs & Disbursements
Plaintiffs also seek $400.00 in filing fees, and $79.00 in process server fees. “In a
successful action to recover delinquent contributions, an award of reasonable costs is mandatory,
and courts will generally award the plaintiff ‘[r]easonable and identifiable out-of-pocket
disbursements ordinarily charged to clients.’” Masino, 2010 WL 415286 at *5 (quoting Trs. Of
the Road Carriers Loc. Welfare Fund v. Goldberg, 8-cv-884 (RRM) (MDG), 2009 WL 3497493,
at *10 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 28, 2009)). Additionally, the Policy provides:
All costs actually incurred in court actions for collection of delinquent contributions
or to enforce the Boards’ right to audit the Employer’s payroll records shall be due
to the Funds from the delinquent Employer, including, but not limited to, the cost
of the court filing fees, fees for service of process, travel, copying charges, postage,
expert fees, and such other costs as would be charged to the Board.

Ramaglia Aff. Ex. B. § 5 ¶ 5.
Here, the requested costs are reasonable compared to similar cases in this District. See e.g.,
Tri State Constr. & Masonry Corp., 2017 WL 9485701, at *8 (finding reasonable $647.21 for court
filing fees, postage, and related costs); Gesualdi, 5 F. Supp. 3d at 282 (finding reasonable $890 in
court filing, service of process, and deposition transcript fees and the costs of photocopying and
postage).
However, Plaintiffs only ask for $400 for the filing fee, rather than $405, despite that the
docket indicates that Plaintiffs paid $405. See Compl. Docket Entry. Also, Plaintiffs’
memorandum of law requests reimbursement for $400 “paid to the Clerk of the Court of the
S.D.N.Y.” rather than that of the E.D.N.Y.5 In any event, as filing fees are recoverable in ERISA
cases “without supporting documents if verified by the docket,” this Court recommends awarding
Plaintiffs $405 in filing fee costs. Trs. of the Pavers & Road Builders Dist. Council Welfare,
Pension, Annuity & Loc. 1010 Apprenticeship, Skill Improvement & Training Funds v. PCM
Contracting Corp., 20-cv-1834 (FB) (SJB), 2022 WL 584536, *10 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 3, 2022), report
and recommendation adopted, 2022 WL 580959 (E.D.N.Y. Feb. 24, 2022).

5 Plaintiffs and Plaintiffs’ Counsel have made this precise mistake before. See Kenny Building Servs., Inc., 2020 WL
13158289, at *7 (“Plaintiff requests $467 in costs, including $400.00 for the filing fee (mistakenly noted as “paid to
the Clerk of the Court of the S.D.N.Y.”)).
Plaintiffs’ requested $79 process server fee, however, must be supported by documentation
to be recovered. See id. Plaintiffs have, indeed, submitted such a receipt, and thus this Court
further recommends awarding Plaintiffs $79 in process server fees. See Kugielska Aff. Ex. C, ECF
No. 12-3.
I. Post-Judgment Interest

“The award of post-judgment interest is mandatory on awards in civil cases as of the date
judgment is entered.” Tru-Art Sign Co. v. Loc. 137 Sheet Metal Workers Int’l Ass’n, 852 F.3d 217,
223 (2d Cir. 2017) (citing 28 U.S.C. § 1961). Accordingly, the Court respectfully recommends
that Plaintiffs be granted post-judgment interest to be calculated from the date the Clerk of Court
enters judgment in this action until the date of payment at the statutory rate. See 28 U.S.C. § 1961.
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, this Court respectfully recommends that the District Court
GRANT the Motion and award the damages and costs described herein, totaling $156,817.85 plus
post-judgment interest.
OBJECTIONS TO THIS REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
Under 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1) and Rule 72(b)(2) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure,
the Parties shall have fourteen (14) days from service of this Report and Recommendation to file
written objections. Failure to file timely objections shall constitute a waiver of those objections
both in the District Court and on later appeal to the United States Court of Appeals. See Frydman

v. Experian Info. Sols., Inc., 743 F. App’x 486, 487 (2d Cir. 2018); McConnell v. ABC-Amega, Inc.,
338 F. App’x 24, 26 (2d Cir. 2009); Tavarez v. Berryhill, 15-cv-5141 (CS) (LMS), 2019 WL
1965832, at *30 (S.D.N.Y. May 1, 2019); see also Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140 (1985).
SO ORDERED.

/s
Steven L. Tiscione
United States Magistrate Judge
Eastern District of New York

Dated: Central Islip, New York
August 29, 2025.

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/11154151. Public record. Not legal advice.