# CitiMortgage, Inc. v. Bronner

> New York Supreme Court, Kings County · July 22, 2024 · 2024 NY Slip Op 32572(U)

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/10492703

## Case

- **Court:** New York Supreme Court, Kings County
- **Decided:** July 22, 2024
- **Citations:** 2024 NY Slip Op 32572(U)
- **Precedential status:** Unpublished
- **Opinion:** Opinion by Carolyn Walker-Diallo
- **Cited by:** 0 later opinions in the Frix Law Library

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## Opinion text

CitiMortgage, Inc. v Bronner
2024 NY Slip Op 32572(U)
July 22, 2024
Supreme Court, Kings County
Docket Number: Index No. 4370/2014
Judge: Carolyn Walker-Diallo
Cases posted with a "30000" identifier, i.e., 2013 NY Slip
Op 30001(U), are republished from various New York
State and local government sources, including the New
York State Unified Court System's eCourts Service.
This opinion is uncorrected and not selected for official
publication.
FILED: KINGS COUNTY CLERK 07/26/2024 04:02 PM INDEX NO. 4370/2014
NYSCEF DOC. NO. 66 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 07/26/2024

At an IAS Tenn, Part FRP4, of the
PRESENT: Supreme Court of the State of New
York, held in and for the County of
HON. CAROLYN WALKER-DIALLO, J.S.C. Kings, at the Courthouse at 320 Jay
Street, Brooklyn, New York, on the
22 nd day of July 2024.
---------------------------------------- .---------------------- X
CITIMORTGAGE, INC.,

Plaintiff, Index No.: 4370/2014

- against:
DECISION AND ORDER
MARY BRONNER et al.,

Defendants.
--------------------------------------------------------------- X

Recitation, as required by CPLR 2219 (a), of the papers considered in the review of this motion:

Papers Numbered

Plaintiffs Notice of Motion, affinnations, exhibits NYSCEF Doc. No(s). 32-45
Notice of Cross-Motion, affirmation, affidavits, exhibits NYSCEF Doc. No(s). 47-56
Affirmation in Opposition to Cross-Motion, exhibits NYSCEF Doc. No(s). 59-61
Affirmation in Reply NYSCEF Doc. No(s). 62
Affirmation in Reply NYSCEF Doc. No(s). 63-64

Papers considered: Motion Seq~enc~::J:}~ g
INTRODUCTION
-
Plaintiff moves for an order pursuant to CPLR 3215 and RPAPL 1321 seeking: (1) leave

to fix defaults of non-appearing defendants; (2) issuance of an order of reference to compute sums

due under a mortgage; and (3) any other relief that may be just and proper. Defendant 245

Montauk Holding Corp. ("245 Montauk'') opposes Plaintiff's motion on the grounds that Plaintiff

lacks standing, fails to attach the pleadings, and fails to demonstrate that the documents submitted

in support of its motion are admissible. Defendant 245 Montauk cross-moves for an order pursuant

to CPLR 2004 and 3012 (d)(l) seeking to extend its time to answer, and other and different relief

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the court-~eems just, proper, and equitable. For the reasons set forth below, Plaintiff's motion is

DENIED in its entirety. Defendant's Cross-Motion is DENIED in its entirety.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

This residential mortgage foreclosure proceeding was commenced on March 21, 2014, with

the filing of a Summons and Complaint (NYSCEF Doc. No. 1). Plaintiff CitiMortgage

("CitiMortgage") seeks to foreclose on the mortgage lien for 245 Montauk Avenue, Brooklyn,

New York 11208 ("subject premises").

Defendant Mary Bronner ("Bronner") .executed a promissory note and mortgage with

Argent Mortgage Company, LLC, in the amount of $496,000 on May 19, 2006, for the subject

premises. The mortgage was recorded on May 31, 2006 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 1). ~ubsequently, the

mortgage was assigned by Argent Mortgage Coh1pany, LLC, to U.S. Bank National Association,

as Trustee of Citigroup Mortgage Loan Trust Inc. U.S. Bank then assigned the mortgage to

CitiMortgage, Inc. on August 21, 2013 (NYSCEF Doc. No. l at 44, 47). The loan is currently
)
being serviced by Cenlar FSB, a sub-servicer of CitiMortgage.

The instant action was commenced by CitiMortgage after Bronner defaulted on her I
repayment obligations. Bronner has made no payments on the loan since September I, 2007, and

the unpaid principal balance is currently $492,439.64. See Amended Complaint, at ,i 18 (NYSCEF

Doc. No. 24). Defendant Glen Battles (John Doe# 1) and Defendant Myrtle Antoine (Jane Doe
· 1

'
#2) were served personally on April 3, 2014. Bernice Battles (Jane Doe·# 1) was served via

substitute service on the same day. All three Defendants defaulted. As none of these Defendants

appeared, CitiMortgage sought a reference on default by notice of motion dated July 29, 2015,

which the court then granted on March 3, 20 I 6. See Order of Reference issued by the Honorable

Noach Dear (NYSCEF Doc. No. I at 114-117). This Order of reference fixed the defaults of

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current named defendants other than 245 Montauk Holding Corp. ("245 Montauk") and

Mohammed K. Hossain.

Bronner conveyed title to the subject premises on December 2, 2017 to 1580 Metropolitan

Holding Corp. while approval for a sh01i sale of the property was pending (NYSCEF Doc. No.

12). CitiM01igage was unaware of the transfer of title and granted approval for a short sale on

December 4, 2017. See Affinnation of Terry White, at ~9; Correspondence from CitiMortgage to

Defendant Bronner (NYSCEF Doc. Nos. 33 and 38). 1580 Metropolitan Holding Corp.

subsequently conveyed title to Mahfuza Akhter by deed dated February 28, 2021, and the deed

was recorded on April 2, 2021 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 13). Mahfuza Akhter then transferred title to

245 Montauk by deed dated July 16, 2021, which was recorded on September 7, 2021 (NYSCEF

Doc. No. 14).

CitiMortgage moved to remove Bronner from this action and to add 245 Montauk and

Mohammed K. Hossain as pa11ies on May 4, 2023 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 5). This unopposed motion

was granted on July 24, 2023 by order of the Honorable Larry Martin (NYSCEF Doc. No. 22).

CitiMortgage filed a Supplemental Summons and Amended Complaint on July 31, 2023

(NYSCEF Doc. Nos. 23-24). Mohammed K. Hossain was served at his dwelling place on August

3, 2023, via substitute service, and mailed papers on August 7, 2023. Mr. Hossain did not respond

to the complaint. 245 Montauk was served via the New York Secretary of State on August 11,
I
2023 (NYSCEF Doc. Nos. 26-27). 245 Montauk served an answer on December 13, 2023 I
. I

(NYSCEF Doc. No. 29). CitiMortgage rejected this answer as untimely (NYSCEF Doc. No. 31).

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DISCUSSION

I. Plaintiff's Motion For an Order of Reference is DENIED.

A plaintiff establishes its entitlement to "an order of reference (see RPAPL 1321) through

the submission of, inter alia, the affidavit of an employee of the loan servicer which set fotih the

facts establishing the cause of action, the note and mortgage, proof that the defendant defaulted

under the tenns of the note and mortgage, as well as proof that the defendant failed to answer or

appear within the time allowed." .1umra Loan Servs., LLC v. Colleluori, 170 A.D.3d I 097, I 098

(2d Dep't 2019), quoting Nationstur Mtge., LLC v. Kami!, I 55 A.D.3d 968, 968 (2d Dep't 2017);

see also Wells Fargo Bank, NA. v. Webster, 61 A.D.3d 856 (2d Dep't 2009); Swedbank, AB, iv'. Y.

v. Hale Ave. Borrower, LLC, 89 A.D.3d 922,923 (2d Dep't 2011). Here, Plaintiff has submitted

an affidavit of Terry White, Vice President and Senior Recovery Analyst for CitiMortgage, Inc.,

as well as, the note, mortgage, and transfer/assignment documents. In opposition to the motion,

Defendant 245 Montauk argues that Plaintiff lacks standing, has failed to attached pleadings, and

has submitted documents that are inadmissible.

A. Defendant 245 Montauk Fails To Demonstrate That Plaintiff Lacks Standing.

"Standing in residential mortgage foreclosure actions may be established any of three ways.

One is where the plaintiff is the original lender in direct privity with the defendant.[ ... ] The second

basis for standing is where the plaintiff is a holder in physical possession of the note prior to the

commencement of the action, with an allonge or indorsement in blank. [ ... ] The third is when the

note underlying an action was assigned to the plaintiff prior to the date of commencement of the

action." Wilmington Sav. Fund Socy., FSB v. Matamoro, 200 A.D.3d 79, 90-91 (2d Dep't 2021).

"Either a written assignment of the underlying note or the physical delivery of the note prior to the

commencement of the foreclosure action is sufficient to transfer the obligation, and the mortgage

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passes with the debt as an inseparable incident." U.S. Bank Nat'! Ass'n v. Rozo-Castellanos, 201

A.D.3d 995, 998 (2d Dep't 2022). "To defeat a de_fendant's motion to dismiss, the plaintiff has no

burden of establishing its standing as a matter of law; rather the motion· will be defeated if the

plaintiffs submissions raise a question of fact as to its standing." Deutsche Bank Natl. Trust Co.

v. Vitellas, 131 A.D.3d 52, 60 (2d Dep't 2013).

Here, Plaintiff's exhibits to its motion show a chain of assignments from the original

Mortgagee, Argent Mortgage, to CitiMortgage, Inc. (NYSCEF Doc. Nos. 36-37). The chain

appears to be complete and unbroken. If Defendant 245 Montauk has evidence showing that there

have been further transfers or assignments that would substantiate its claim that Plaintiff

CitiMortgage lacks standing to bring this action, and thus make out a prima facie case, it must

produce that evidence. Conclusory statements are not sufficient to establish a prima fade lack of
I
standing. Therefore, the argument that Plaintiff lacks standing is insufficient.

B. Defendant 245 Montauk Fails To Demonstrate That Plaintiff Failed to Properly
Support Its Motion.

Defendant 245 Montauk alleges that CitiMortgage fails to support its motion by annexing

a copy_ of the pleadings as required by CPLR 3212 (b). However, this omission is properly

disrega:ded here because: ( 1) the pleadings are_ electronically filed and available to the Court and

parties; and (2) Defendant 245 Montauk does not allege that it was prejudiced by the omission.

See Sensible Choice Contr., LLC v. Rodgers, 164 A.D.3d 705, 707 (2d Dep't 2018). Accordingly,

Defendant 245 Montauk's argument that Plaintiffs failure to attach pleadings requires denial of

Plaintiffs motion is without merit.

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C. Defendant 245 Montauk Has Established That Plaintiffs Business Records Dated
After April 1, 2019 Fails To Meet the Business Records Admissibility Standard.

In addressing the admissibility of business records, it is necessary to ascertain how and

when the documents at issue were created. Under CPLR 4518 (a), as the New York Court of

Appeals detailed in People v. Kennedy, 68 N.Y.2d 569, 579-80 (1986), the requirements are as

follows: "(a): first, that the record be made in the regular course of business-essentially, that it

reflect a routine, regularly conducted business activity, and that it be needed and relied on in the

performance of functions of the business; second, that it be the regular course of such business to

make the record (a double requirement of regularity)-essentially, _that the record be made

pursuant to established procedures for the routine, habitual, systematic making of such a record;

and third, that the record be made at or about the time of the event being recorded-essentially,

that recollection be fairly accurate and the habit or routine of making the entries assured." Further,

as regards admissibility, "'[A] proper foundation for the admission of a business record must be

provided by someone with personal knowledge of the maker's business practices and

procedures' ... " Citibank, N.A. v. Cabrera, 130 A.D.3d. 861,861 (2d Dep't 2015). See also Aurora

Loan Servs., LLC v. Mercius, 138 A.D.3d 650 (2d Dep't 2016). That said, "[i]t would clearly defeat

the utility of CPLR 4518 to require the testimony of all persons involved in creating the record.,,

Jerome Prince, Richardson on E~idence § 8-306 (Farrell 11th ed 1995).

"It is true that as a general rule, 'the mere filing of papers received from other entities, even

if they are retained in the regular course of business, is insufficient to qualify the documents as

business records'[ ... ] However, such records may be admitted into evidence if the recipient can

establish personal knowledge of the maker's business practices and procedures, or establish that

the records provided by the maker were incorporated into the recipient's own records and

routinely relied upon by the recipient in its own business." (Internal citations

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omitted)( emphasis added); Bank of New York Mellon v. Gordon, 171 A.D.3d 197, 205 (2d Dep 't

2019). See also Burgess v. Leon's Auto Collission Inc., 87 Misc. 2d 351, 354 (Civ Ct 1976); Bank

of Am., NA. v Huertas, 195 A.D.3d 89 I (2d Dep 't 2021 ); Tri-State Loan Acquisitions Ill, LLC v

Litkowski, 172 A.D.3d 780 (2d Dep't 2019).

Here, the affirmation and reply affirmation of Terry White, CitiMortgage Vice President

and Recovery Senior Analyst, demonstrate sufficient knowledge of CitiMortgage's business

practice of creating and maintaining business records related to mortgages and mortgage servicing

(NYSCEF Doc. Nos. 33 and 62). Such records are created and maintained for the purpose of

documenting mortgage information and are generally prepared contemporaneously with the events

memorialized in such documents, pursuant to established internal and regulatory banking

procedures. However, Mr. White's personal knowledge suffices only through April 1, 2019, when

the mortgage servicing was transferred to subservicer Cenlar FSB. As such, Mr. White's

affirmations meet the CPLR 4518 requirements to have CitiMortgage's records (NYSCEF Doc.

No. 39) admitted as business records for review before this Court under the business records

exception to the hearsay rule through April 1, 2019.

With respect to mortgage servicing from April 2, 2019 onward, the records submitted

(NYSCEF Doc. No. 40) are not in the same format and do not contain the same information as

Plaintiffs own internal documents. Though CitiMortgage may have received such records from

Cenlar FSB, Mr. White does not establish their incorporation into Plaintiffs records and Plaintiff's

routine reliance on such documents received. Merely stating in his Reply Affirmation that

"CitiMortgage relies on the business records of its subservicer" is conclusory and lacks the

specificity to establish such a claim. See Reply Affirmation of Terry White, dated April 25, 2024,

at ,9 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 62). Mr. White does not describe any procedure by which documents

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are received or incorporated into CitiMortgage's record, nor does he specify a date or regular

timeline on which Cenlar FSB's records are received and incorporated into CitiMortgage's own

business records. This demonstrates a lack of knowledge of CitiMortgage's procedure for

incorporating and relying on the records of its sub-servicer Cenlar FSB. Furthermore, the later

records provided from Cenlar FSB do not contain any readily identifying information showing the

account to which the figures belong, nor is Bronner's name anywhere within the forty-five pages

of the proffered exhibit.

Accordingly, the records CitiMortgage annexes as NYSCEF Document Number 39 are

admissible as CitiMortgage's business records and the records attached as NYSCEF Document

Number 40 are inadmissible, as CitiMortgage has not laid a foundation of admissibility for the

proffered records relating to April 2, 2019, and onward.

IL Defendant 245 Montauk's Cross-Motion To Extend Its Time To Answer Is DENIED.

"In order to successfully oppose a motion for leave to enter a default judgment, a defendant

who has failed to timely appear or answer the complaint must provide a reasonable excuse for the

default and demonstrate the existence of a potentially meritorious defense to the action." Cartessa

Aesthetics, LLC v. Demko, 217 A.D.3d 821, 821-822 (2d Dep't 2023), quoting Maldonado v.

Mosquera, 186 A.D.3d 1352, 1353 (2d Dep't 2020); see Rosenzweig v. Gubner, 194 A.D.3d 1086,

1088 (2d Dep't 2021); see also Nowakowski v. Stages, 179 A.D.3d 822, 823 (2d Dep't 2020); see

generally CPLR 5015[ a][ 1]). "The detern1ination of what constitutes a reasonable excuse lies

within the sound discretion of the Supreme Court." Deutsche Bank Trust Co. Ams. v. Marous, 127

A.D.3d 1012 (2d Dep't 2015); see also Duprat v. BMW Fin. Servs., NA, LLC, 142 A.D.3d 946,

947 (2d Dep 't 2016). "A Defendant is not required to establish its defense as a matter of law; it

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need only set forth facts to make out a prima facie showing of a meritorious defense." Quis v.

Bolden, 298 A.D.2d 375 (2d Dep't 2002).

The discretionary nature of deciding a motion to extend time to answer is balanced against

the Appellate Division, Second Department's interpretation of statutes governing service of

process. In HSBC Bank USA, N.A. v. Powell, 148 A.D.3d 117, 118 (2d Dep't 2017), the Second

Department held that "bare denial of service of the summons and complaint [does] not constitute

a reasonable excuse for [a defendant's] delay in answering, so as to entitle [a defendant] to serve

a late answer." See also Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Hernandez, 204 A.D.3d 958, 960 (2d Dep't

2022). Moreover, the Second Depa11ment has found that a plaintiff may establish that service was

effected upon Defendant "by delivering copies of the summons and complaint to the Secretary of

State ... and the defendant's mere denial of receipt, in opposition, was insufficient to rebut the

presumption of proper service created by service upon the Secretary of State." NYCTL 2013-A Tr.

v. Heights Houses Corp., 172 A.D.3d 1078, 1079 (2d Dep't 2019).

Here, Plaintiff provides proof that it served Defendant 245 Montauk by serving the New

York Secretary of State on August 11, 2023 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 27). Plaintiff further asserts that

it also served Defendant's attorney, Biolsi Law Group, P.C., via mail, at the time the order granting

leave to amend the caption and issue a supplemental summons, along with the notice of entry,

were filed, on July 31, 2023 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 25). As to service on the law firm, Biolsi Law

Group, P.C., was counsel to Bronner at the time she was removed as a defendant in this action,

and the firm now represents Defendant 245 Montauk. While the fim1 would have had notice of the

addition of 245 Montauk as a defendant, as well as access to the supplemental summons and

amended complaint, it is unclear when Biolsi Law Group, P.C. was retained to represent Defendant

245 Montauk in this action. As such, although Plaintiff argues 'that Defendant 245 Montauk had

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notice (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 59 at ,i 38-39), it is not clear that the firm already represented

Defendant 245 Montauk in their present capacity as its counsel, nor that the fom had the obligation

to inform Defendant 245 Montauk of the present proceeding. Thus, this portion of Defendant's

argument fails.

Turning to the issue of service upon the Secretary of State, Defendant 245 Montauk does

not attempt to refute this service; it simply denies having received notice from the Secretary of

State of the present proceeding due to unspecified delays admitted to by the Secretary of State's

office (NYSCEF Doc. Nos. 50-51). To support its argument, Defendant submits the affidavit of

Jahangir Mohammed Alam, a resident of the subject premises who affirms that he accepts mail on

behalf of Defendant 245 Montauk and has not received any pleadings in this action. See

Affomation of Truth of Jahangir Mohammed Alam, dated April 18, 2024, at ilil4-7 (NYSCEF Doc.

No. 51 ). Defendant also submits the affidavit of its president, Parvin Islam, who asserts that her

attorneys infonned her that the Secretary of State "has had increased processing delays."

Affirmation of Truth of Parvin Islam, dated April 20, 2024, at iJl 0 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 50). In

addition, Mrs. Islam asserts that Defendant 245 Montauk had no notice of this proceeding until

"November or December" of 2023, when she started receiving calls from investors seeking to

acquire the subject property. See Id. at iJ6 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 50). As such, upon learning of the

suit, Defendant 245 Montauk attempted to interpose an answer on December 13, 2023, which was I
r
then rejected by Plaintiff. See Id. at iJ7.

It is established that service is valid upon delivery of the papers to the Secretary of State
t
and the filing of an affidavit of service. See BCL 306(b ); see also Shimel v. 5 S. Fulton Ave. Corp., I
I

11 A.D.3d 527 (2d Dep't 2004). Therefore, it is within the discretion of this Court to consider

circumstances such as delay in delivery when determining whether to grant an extension of time

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to answer. See Deutsche Bank Trust Co. v. Marous, 127 A.D.3d 1012. In State Farm Fire & Cas.

Co. v. Gantt, 2021 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 3133 (Sup. Ct. Kings Co. 2021) and State Farm Fire & Cas.

Co. v. Pettaway, 2021 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 3127 (Sup. Ct. Kings Co. 2021), Justice Lawrence

Knipel found that the .Defendants provided a reasonable excuse for default by submitting an

affidavit from the law firm's former paralegal, who attested that while employed with the firm,

she "contacted the office of the Secretary of State and was informed that it was experiencing a

backlog of pleadings causing a delay in service." Id. at *3. These cases are distinguishable from

the instant matter.

Here, Defendant 245 Montauk provides an affidavit from its president that its attorneys

informed her that there were "increased processing delays, which is likely why [she] never

received the Summons and Amended Complaint." See Islam Affidavit, ,it 0. In addition,

Defendant submits the Attorney Affinnation of Kyra Mercadier, who merely affirms that

"Defendant should be reasonably excused from its default in appearance as it did not receive any

documents from the Secretary of State, which admitted to lengthy delays in processing service."

See Affirmation of Kyra Mercadier, dated April 22, 2024, iJ3 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 48). Neither

affirmation provides that the facts upon which they rely are based on personal knowledge or

information as the affinnations in the State Farm cases cited above.

Furthermore, Defendant 245 Montauk's inclusion of language from the Department of

State website concerning processing delays fails to provide a date as to when this ~anguage was

placed on the website and if such processing_ delays were in existence in August 2023,-when the

Secretary of State was served in this matter. Moreover, Defendant 245 Montauk's reference to

Prof. Patrick M. Connors' commentary on CPLR 3212 in its Memorandum of Law, which advises

that Courts "should be sensitive to this problem and be more forgiving to a corporate defendant

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who has failed to timely answer after being served through BCL 306(b), is unpersuasive and

unavailing as the commentary discusses issues with service of process in 2022, not 2023. See

Defendant 245 Montauk Memorandum of Law, Page 4-5 (NYSCEF Doc. No. 49). While this

Couti has exercised its discretion to deten11ine if a reasonable cause for delay exists, Defendant

245 Montauk simply fails to provide a reasonable excuse for its delay in answering.

Therefore, as the Coun has found that Defendant 245 Montauk did not provide a reasonable

excuse for the delay in ans\\'ering, the Cou1i finds it unnecessary to consider whether Defendant

245 Montauk sufficiently demonstrated the existence of a potentially meritorious defense. See

Deutsche Bank Trust Co. v. lvfarous, 127 A.D.3d 1012; See also BA C Home Loans Servicing, LP

v. Reardon, 132 A.D.3d 790 (2d Dep't 2015); HSBC Bank USA, N.A. v. Lafazan, 115 A.D.3d 647,

648 (2d Dep't 2014); Maspeth Fed. Sav. & Loan Assn. v. McGown, 77 A.D.3d 889, 890 (2d Dep't

2010).

CONCLUSION

Accordingly, based on the foregoing, Plaintiff's motion for leave to fix defaults of non-

appearing defendants and issuance of an order of reference to compute surµs due under a mortgage

is DENIED. Defendant 245 Montauk's cross-motion for an extension of time to answer is

DENIED.

This constitutes the Dec1s1on and Order of the Cr::urt. -,,-------
1
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ENTE :

Hon.

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/10492703. Public record. Not legal advice.
