# Richemont International SA v. The Individuals, Business Entities, and Unincorporated Associations Identified On Schedule "A" > District Court, S.D. Florida · June 9, 2022 URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/10120642 ## Case - **Court:** District Court, S.D. Florida - **Decided:** June 9, 2022 - **Opinion:** 100trialcourt - **Cited by:** 0 later opinions in the Frix Law Library ## Citator (automated) - No negative treatment found by the automated citator. That is not the same as a confirmation that the case is good law; read the citing cases. - Full citator and citing cases: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/10120642 ## Opinion text UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle RICHEMONT INTERNATIONAL SA, et al., Plaintiff, v. THE INDIVIDUALS, BUSINESS ENTITIES, AND UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS IDENTIFIED ON SCHEDULE “A,” Defendants. ______________________________________/ ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFFS’ EX PARTE APPLICATION FOR ENTRY OF TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER AND SETTING HEARING ON MOTION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION THIS CAUSE is before the Court upon Plaintiffs’ Ex Parte Application for Entry of Temporary Restraining Order, Preliminary Injunction, and Order Restraining Transfer of Assets (the “Application for Temporary Restraining Order”), ECF No. [8]. The Court has carefully considered the Application for Temporary Restraining Order, the record in this case, and the applicable law, and is otherwise fully advised. By the Application, Plaintiffs, Richemont International SA, Cartier International A.G., Chloe S.A.S., Lange Uhren GMBH, Montblanc-Simplo GMBH, Officine Panerai A.G., and Van Cleef & Arpels SA (collectively “Plaintiffs”), move, ex parte, pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1116, Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65, and The All Writs Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1651(a), for entry of a temporary restraining order and an order restraining the financial accounts used by Defendants,1 1 Defendants are the Individuals, Business Entities, and Unincorporated Associations identified on Schedule “A” hereto (collectively “Defendants”). Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle and upon expiration of the temporary restraining order, a preliminary injunction against Defendants, for alleged violations of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. $$ 1114 and 1125(a). Because Plaintiffs have satisfied the requirements for the issuance of a temporary restraining order, the Court grants Plaintiffs’ Application for Temporary Restraining Order. I. FACTUAL BACKGROUND? Plaintiff, Richemont International SA, is the owner of the entire right, title and interest in and to the IWC trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “IWC Marks”): Trademark Registration | Registration Class / Goods Number Date August 17, IC 014 - Watches IWC 1,205,403 1982 IC 014 — Watches ugust 21, ciwe> 2,479,518 5001 C4 F 5 IC 014 - Watches, chronometers, IWC January 8 clocks; straps for wristwatches, 4,270,382 Y boxes of precious metal for watches 2013 : SCHAFFHAUSEN and all the aforementioned goods from Switzerland IC 014 - Watches, chronometers, wc 4,322,600 April 23, 2013 clocks, watch bands, boxes of precious metal for watches See ECF Nos. [8-1] at 7; [1-2] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the IWC Marks at issue). The IWC Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high- quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 7. > The factual background is taken from Plaintiffs’ Complaint, ECF No. [1], Plaintiffs’ Application for Temporary Restraining Order, ECF No. [8], and supporting evidentiary submissions. Plaintiffs filed declarations and exhibits annexed thereto in support of their Application for Temporary Restraining Order. The declarations are available in the docket at the following entries: ECF Nos. [8-1], [8-2], [8-3]. Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle Plaintiff, Richemont International SA, is the owner of the entire right, title and interest in and to the Jaeger-LeCoultre trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “JAEGER-LECOULTRE Marks”): Trademark Registration | Registration Class / Goods Number Date JAEGER- IC 014 - Watches and Clocks 1,339,139 June 4, 1985 | Except Dashboard Clocks for Land LECOULTRE Vehicles, Boats and Planes T IC 014 - Watches and Clocks J IAEGER-LEC ities 1,402,084 July 22, 1986 Except Dashboard Clocks for Land ee Vehicles, Boats And Planes IC 014 - Horological Products and 2.528 168 January 8, Chronometric Instruments, Namely, ou 2002 Clocks, Watches, Table Clocks and Chronometers See ECF Nos. [8-1] at 13; [1-3] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the JAEGER- LECOULTRE Marks at issue). The JAEGER-LECOULTRE Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 13. Plaintiff, Richemont International SA, is the owner of the entire right, title and interest in and to the Roger Dubuis trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “ROGER DUBUIS Marks”): Registered Registration Registration Classes/Goods Trademark Number Date IC 014 - Watches, watch bands ROGER DUBUIS | 9.345.742 | April 25, 2000 IC 014 - Watches, chronometers, watch bands, boxes of precious September 11, | metal for watches 4,204,082 012 Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle IC 014 - Watches; timepieces; horological instruments; EXCALIBUR 5,201,114 May 09, 2017 | movements for timepieces, namely, watches; watch straps; watch cases See ECF Nos. [8-1] at 19; [1-4] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the ROGER DUBUIS Marks at issue). The ROGER DUBUIS Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 19. Plaintiff, Richemont International SA, is the owner of the entire right, title and interest in and to the Vacheron Constantin trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “VACHERON CONSTANTIN Marks”): Registered Registration Registration Trademark Number Date Classes/Goods IC 014 - Cuff links; watches, chronometers, 3,114,414 July 11, 2006 clocks, watchstraps, cases VACHERON CONSTANTIN of precious metal for watches and jewellery IC 014 - Watches and pte 4,564,316 July 8, 2014 _ | Chronometers IC 014 - Jewelry; Cuff links; Tie clips; Jewelry in the nature of rings, bracelets, earrings, necklaces and brooches; Timepieces in the nature 5.630.166 December 18, | of clocks; Dials for clock VACHERON CONSTANTIN 030, 018 and watch making; Key rings of precious metal; Timepieces and chronometric instruments; Watches; Chronometers; Cases adapted for holding watches; Movements for timepieces in the nature of clocks and watches; Alarm clocks; Watch bands; Boxes of precious metal See ECF Nos. [8-1] at 25; [1-5] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the VACHERON CONSTANTIN Marks at issue). The VACHERON CONSTANTIN Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 25. Plaintiff Cartier International A.G. is the owner of the following trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “CARTIER Marks”): Registered Registration Registration Classes/Goods Trademark Number Date IC 014 - Precious-Metal Ware- namely, the following articles made, in whole or in part, of Precious Metals or Plated With the Same; Jewel Boxes, Fobs, Bracelets, Watch Bracelets And January 9, Buckles Therefore, not including CARTIER 0,411,239 1945 Watches, Cuff Links, Brooches, Earrings, Eyeglass Cases, Cigarette Lighters, Ash Trays, Envelope Openers, Wallets, Money Clips, Perfume Bottles, Desk Sets, Handbags, Key Chains, Finger Rings. Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle IC 014 - Articles of Jewelry for Personal Wear and for Precious-Metal Ware-Namely, the Following Articles Made, in Whole or in Part, of Precious Metals or Plated with the Same-- viz, January 9 Jewel Boxes, Fobs, Bracelets, Watch ( a 1eter 0,411,240 19 18 , Bracelets and Buckles Therefor, Not an Including Watches, Cuff Links, Brooches, Earrings, Eyeglass Cases, Cigarette Lighters, Ash Trays, Envelope Openers, Wallets, Money Clips, Perfume Bottles, Desk Sets, Handbags, Key Chains, Finger Rings IC 014 - Watches and Clocks and Wrist Watches with Wrist Straps and Ww . February 13 Bracelets Attached for Securing the ( Ot. ter 0,411,975 19 15 > | Same on the Wrist of the Wearer, and Traveling Clocks and Watches with Covers of Leather, Fabric and the Like for Protecting Them While Traveling CARTIER 0,759,201 oem 29, IC 014 - Watches and Clocks LOVE BRACELET 1,005,286 rev 25, IC 014 - Jewelry-Namely, Bracelets 0 1,114,482 IC 014 - Articles of jewelry, watches IC 014 — Bracelets November 26, cS 1,372,423 108s ae IC 014 — Watches Ke Sa February 29 , VCE 2,322,769 000 Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle IC 014 - Jewelry, Namely, Bracelets, 3.162.410 October 24, Watches, Rings, Charms, Earrings 2006 IC 014 - Watches, Chronometers, Clocks BALLON BLEU 3,476,888 July 29, 2008 IC 014 - Goods Of Precious Metals 3.637.776 June 16. 2009 And Coated Therewith, Namely, , , , Cuff-Links, Rings, Bracelets, Earrings, Necklaces IC 014 - Jewelry, Namely, Rings, 3,776,794 April 20, Bracelets, Charms, Earrings, Made Of ia ad 2010 Precious Metals IC 014 - Jewelry and watches Cartier 4,178,047 | July 24, 2012 a IC 014 - Jewelry and watches a August 28, 4,197,020 012 Xl ; IC 014 — Watches y February 18 ce 4,483,522 epmary 1° SS. 2014 Mins IC 014 — Watches November 27, é pe 4,487,142 4012 Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle El i IC 014 — Watches I" hy September 23, | I 4,608,158 014 ————— IC 014 — Jewelry Pum | 5.583.979 | Onto’ 16 ema See ECF Nos. [8-1] at 31; [1-6] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the CARTIER Marks at issue). The CARTIER Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 31. Plaintiff Chloe S.A.S. is the owner of the following trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “CHLOE Marks”): Registered Registration Registration Classes/Goods Trademark Number Date IC 010, 025, 026 - Ladies’ articles C h { Januar 16 of clothing for outerwear-namely, oc 0,950,843 y 10s frocks, dresses, coats, costumes, 1973 . . suits, skirts, blouses, vests and pant- suits; vests, and ladies’ shoes CHLOE 1,491,810 June 14, 1988 | IC 018 - Handbags, Purses See ECF Nos. id. at 37; [1-7] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the CHLOE Marks at issue). The CHLOE Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high- quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 37. Plaintiff Lange Uhren GMBH is the owner of the following trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “A. LANGE & SOHNE Marks”): Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle Registered Registration Registration Trademark Number Date Classes/Goods February 27 IC 014 - Watches, watch A. LANGE & SOHNE 2,430,848 Ye's movements, watch cases, 2001 and watch bracelets GE & Sq - By, | 3,071,207 | March 21,2006 | 1 O14 - watches, watch straps, watch bracelets See ECF Nos. id. at 43; [1-8] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the A. LANGE & SOHNE Marks at issue). The A. LANGE & SOHNE Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 43. Plaintiff Montblanc-Simplo GMBH is the owner of the following trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “MONTBLANC Marks”): Registered Registration Registration Casses/Goods Trademark Number Date Classes/Goods IC 016 - Fountain Pens, Cases for Fountain Pens, Ball Point Pens, September 1, | Ball Point Cartridges, Ball Point MONTBLANC 0,776,208 1964 Paste, Mechanical Pencils, Lead for Mechanical Pencils IC 002 - Fountain pen ink IC 016 - Fountain pens, cases for 0.839.016 November 21, | fountain pens, ball point pens, 1967 ball point cartridges, mechanical pencils, lead for mechanical pencils, desk stands for pens Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle IC 016 - Fountain Pens, Ballpoint Pens and Mechanical Pencils March 12, Including Sets Thereof, All Made Se eres 1,324,392 1985 Partially with Precious Metals and Sold in Specialty Stores. IC 014 - Jewelry, watches and timepieces 1,878,584 | February 14. | 16018 - purses, handbags, small 1995 . . leather articles and accessories, namely wallets and billfolds, and luggage IC 014 - Jewelry, watches and timepieces MONTBLANC 1,884,842 seesoe IC 018 - Purses, handbags, small leather articles and accessories, namely wallets and billfolds, and luggage IC 016 - Fountain pens, ball-point pens, pencils, felt-tip pens, llerball STARWALKER 2,759,073 | September 2, | rollerballs 2003 IC 016 - Writing instruments 2,975,592 | July 26, 2005 IC 014 - Jewelry; precious stones; precious metals and their alloys; cufflinks; tie clips; rings; bracelets; earrings; necklaces; brooches; key rings of precious ge) metal; jewelry cases; boxes of bef January 13, precious metals; horological and ONT 4,669,133 2015 chronometric instruments; BLANC watches; chronometers; clocks; small clocks; watch cases; watch bands; watch bracelets; key rings, trinkets, or fobs of precious metal IC 016 - Stationery; articles of 10 paper or cardboard, namely, boxes, bags, envelopes and pouches for packaging; wrapping paper; writing instruments; pouches for writing instruments; cases for writing instruments; inks and ink refills for writing instruments; desk sets; writing books; calendars, note books, card and document files, announcement cards; writing paper, envelopes, index cards; business cards; writing pads; writing instrument holders; paperweights; diaries, cover for diaries, replacement papers for diaries; inkwells; check book holders, passport holders; document holders and cases; photo albums; bookends; money clips; writing cases for writing instruments IC 018 - Handbags, travelling bags, rucksacks, garment bags for travel, traveling sets comprised of luggage, suitcases, bags for sports, wheeled bags, wallets, purses, name cards cases, briefcases, attaché cases, key cases of leather or imitation leather; travelling trunks; unfitted vanity cases; evening purses; leather straps; boxes of leather or leather board, trunks and suitcases; credit card holder See ECF No. [8-1] at 49; [1-9] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the MONTBLANC Marks at issue). The MONTBLANC Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 49. Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle Plaintiff Officine Panerai A.G. is the owner of the following trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “PANERAI Marks”): Registered Registration Registration IC 014 - Chronometers, PANERAI 2,340,290 April 11, 2000 watches RADIOMIR 2,418,830 January 9, 2001 ‘| IC 014 - Chronometers; watches and clocks. IC 014 - Chronometers, IC 014 - Boxes and cases for watches; chronometers, watches 3,004,529 October 4, 2005 MARINA MILITARE | 3,174,281 November 21, 2006 | IC 014 — Watches IC 014 — Watches ory ae =] \ bee wt 25 3,178,943 December 05, 2006 — ae ett, IC 014 — Watches aay 3,942,579 April 12, 2011 aN A} SS 12 Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle IC 014 - Watches and clocks; watch accessories, namely, watch straps, and buckles for OFFICINE PANERAI 4,009,035 August 9, 2011 watch bands and watch straps. “ua IC 014 - Watches Sl 4,971,867 June 7, 2016 IC 014 - Chronometers; watches LUMINOR MARINA 5,763,549 May 28, 2019 IC 014 - Chronometers; watches and clocks; watch PANERAI SUBMERSIBLE 5,848,650 September 3, 2019 movements; watch straps; watch bracelets; presentation boxes for watches; cases adapted for holding watches See ECF Nos. id. at 55; [1-10] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the PANERAI Marks at issue). The PANERAI Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 55. Plaintiff Van Cleef & Arpels SA is the owner of the following trademarks, which are valid and registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “VAN CLEEF Marks”): Registered Registration Registration IC 014 — Jewelry VCA February 27, 1,584,572 1990 13 Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle IC 014 — Jewelry; Watches 2,692,672 | March 4, 2003 Ui April 30, IC 014 — Jewelry IC 014 - Jewelry go 8 a December 9, Se ud 4,653,258 014 IC 014 - Jewelry; Rings; gee “Wey, June 30 Pendants; Earrings; Necklaces; BE. i 23 4,763,030 015 Bracelets See ECF Nos. [8-1] at 61; [1-11] (containing Certificates of Registrations for the VAN CLEEF Marks at issue). The VAN CLEEF Marks are used in connection with the manufacture and distribution of high-quality goods in the categories identified above. See ECF No. [8-1] at 61. Defendants, by operating Internet based e-commerce stores under Defendants’ respective seller identification names identified on Schedule “A” hereto (the “Seller IDs”), have advertised, promoted, offered for sale, or sold goods bearing and/or using what Plaintiffs have determined to be counterfeits, infringements, reproductions or colorable imitations of the WC Marks, JAEGER- LECOULTRE Marks, ROGER DUBUIS Marks, VACHERON CONSTANTIN Marks, CARTIER Marks, CHLOE Marks, A. LANGE & SOHNE Marks, MONTBLANC Marks, PANERAI Marks, and/or VAN CLEEF Marks (collectively ‘Plaintiffs’ Marks”). See ECF Nos. id. at 66-70; [8-2] at 2; [8-3] at 4. Although each Defendant may not copy and infringe each of Plaintiffs’ Marks for each category of goods protected, Plaintiffs have submitted sufficient evidence showing each Defendant has infringed, at least, one or more of Plaintiffs’ Marks. See ECF No. [8-1] at 66-70. Defendants 14 are not now, nor have they ever been, authorized or licensed to use, reproduce, or make counterfeits, reproductions, and/or colorable imitations of Plaintiffs’ Marks. See id. at 66, 69. Counsel for Plaintiffs retained Invisible, Inc. (“Invisible”), a licensed private investigative firm, to investigate the promotion and sale of counterfeit and infringing versions of Plaintiffs’ branded products by Defendants and to obtain the available payment account data for receipt of funds paid to Defendants for the sale of counterfeit versions of Plaintiffs’ branded products. See ECF No. id. at 67; ECF No. [8-2] at 2; ECF No. [8-3] at 3. Invisible accessed the Internet based e- commerce stores operating under the Seller IDs3 and placed orders from each Defendant4 for the purchase of various products, all bearing5 and/or using counterfeits of, at least, one of Plaintiffs’ trademarks at issue in this action, and requested each product to be shipped the Southern District of Florida. See ECF Nos. [8-3] at 4, [8-4]-[8-7]. Each order was processed entirely online, and following the submission of the orders, Invisible received information for finalizing payment6 for the various products ordered from Defendants to their respective financial accounts via their payee7 3 Defendants operate their respective e-commerce stores through non-party e-commerce marketplace platform Amazon.com, DHgate.com, eBay.com, and Wish.com. See ECF No. [8-3] at 4 n.1. 4 Invisible placed orders from each Defendant as identified on Schedule “A” hereto. However, Defendant Numbers 9 and 15 changed their seller identification names during the preparation and filing of the Application for Temporary Restraining Order in this case. See ECF No. [8-3] at 4, n.2. Defendant Numbers 9 and 15, together with their new seller identification names, are identified as such on Schedule “A” hereto. (See id.) Additionally, Defendant Numbers 7, 8, and 14 are also identified by the Business Name provided in their Amazon seller store, as the store names for Defendant Numbers 7 and 8 are in Chinese Characters and the store name for Defendant Number 14 has a special character. See id. 5 Certain Defendants blurred-out and/or physically altered the images of Plaintiffs’ Marks on the products being offered for sale via their respective e-commerce store. The product Invisible received from these Defendants and/or the customer review photos for the item at issue reveal that the items bear Plaintiffs’ Marks in their entirety. See ECF Nos. [8-3] at 4 n.3, No. [8-4]-[8-7]. 6 Invisible was instructed not to transmit the funds to finalize the sale for the orders from the majority of the Defendants so as to avoid adding additional funds to Defendants’ coffers. See ECF No. [8-3] at 4 n.4. 7 Defendant Numbers 1-15 operate via the non-party e-commerce marketplace platform, Amazon.com. Amazon.com is an e-commerce marketplace that allows Defendants to conduct their commercial as identified on Schedule “A” hereto. (See id.) At the conclusion of the process, the detailed web page captures and images of the various branded products offered for sale and ordered via Defendants’ Seller IDs, together with photographs of certain received products, were sent to Plaintiffs’ representative for inspection. See ECF Nos. [8-1] at 4, 67-70; [8-2] at 2. Under the direct supervision of Plaintiffs’ representative, Emma-Jane Tritton, Incopro Limited’s reviewing representatives reviewed and visually inspected the branded goods offered for sale by Defendants and ordered by Invisible via the Seller IDs by reviewing the e-commerce stores operating under the Seller IDs and/or the detailed web page captures of the products bearing and/or using the Plaintiffs’ Marks, together with photographs of certain received goods, and determined the products were unauthorized versions of Plaintiffs’ goods. See ECF No. [8-1] at 4, 67-70. II. LEGAL STANDARD To obtain a temporary restraining order, a party must demonstrate “(1) a substantial likelihood of success on the merits; (2) that irreparable injury will be suffered if the relief is not transactions privately via Amazon’s payment processing and retention service, Amazon Payments, Inc. As such, Defendants’ payment information is not publicly disclosed. See ECF No. [8-3] at 4 n.5. Defendants Numbers 16-86 use the non-party e-commerce marketplace platform, DHgate.com. Invisible placed orders via DHpay.com which is a third-party payment service provided to customers using DHgate.com. Kathleen Burns, president of Invisible has personal knowledge from past investigations that “DHGATE” appears as the payee on credit card statements for individual transactions conducted with Defendants operating via DHgate.com. See id. Defendant Number 87 operates via the non-party e-commerce marketplace platform, eBay.com, and has its payments processed on its behalf using eBay Commerce, Inc. (“eBay”). As such, Defendant Number 87’s payment information is not publicly disclosed and instead lists “eBay” as the named PayPal recipient for the transaction conducted with this seller. See id. Defendant Numbers 88-326 operate via the non-party e-commerce marketplace platform, Wish.com (“Wish”), which is operated by ContextLogic Inc. (“ContextLogic”). Kathleen Burns, president of Invisible, has personal knowledge from past investigations that “WISH” is the named PayPal recipient for individual transactions conducted with Defendants operating via Wish.com. As such, the payee for orders placed from sellers operating on Wish.com identifies “PayPal * Wish.” See id. granted; (3) that the threatened injury outweighs the harm the relief would inflict on the non- movant; and (4) that the entry of the relief would serve the public interest.” Schiavo ex. rel Schindler v. Schiavo, 403 F.3d 1223, 1225–26 (11th Cir. 2005); see also Levi Strauss & Co. v. Sunrise Int’l. Trading Inc., 51 F. 3d 982, 985 (11th Cir. 1995) (applying the test to a preliminary injunction in a Lanham Act case). Additionally, a court may only issue a temporary restraining order without notice to the adverse party or its attorney if: (A) specific facts in an affidavit or a verified complaint clearly show that immediate and irreparable injury, loss, or damage will result to the movant before the adverse party can be heard in opposition; and (B) the movant’s attorney certifies in writing any efforts made to give notice and the reasons why it should not be required. Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(b)(1). Ex parte temporary restraining orders “should be restricted to serving their underlying purpose of preserving the status quo and preventing irreparable harm just so long as is necessary to hold a hearing, and no longer.” Granny Goose Foods, Inc. v. Brotherhood of Teamsters & Auto Truck Drivers Local No. 70 of Alameda Cnty, 415 U.S. 423, 439 (1974). III. ANALYSIS The declarations Plaintiffs submitted in support of their Application for Temporary Restraining Order support the following conclusions of law: A. Plaintiffs have a strong probability of proving at trial that consumers are likely to be confused by Defendants’ advertisement, promotion, sales, offer for sale, and/or distribution of goods bearing and/or using counterfeits, reproductions, or colorable imitations of Plaintiffs’ Marks, and that the products Defendants are selling and promoting for sale are copies of Plaintiffs’ products that bear and/or use copies of Plaintiffs’ Marks; B. Because of the infringement of Plaintiffs’ Marks, Plaintiffs are likely to suffer immediate and irreparable injury if a temporary restraining order is not granted. It clearly appears from the following specific facts, as set forth in Plaintiffs’ Complaint, Application for Temporary Restraining Order, and accompanying declarations on file, that immediate and irreparable loss, damage, and injury will result to Plaintiffs and to consumers before Defendants can be heard in opposition unless Plaintiffs’ request for ex parte relief is granted: 1. Defendants own or control Internet based e-commerce stores operating under their Seller IDs which advertise, promote, offer for sale, and sell products bearing and/or using counterfeit and infringing trademarks in violation of Plaintiffs’ rights; 2. There is good cause to believe that more counterfeit and infringing products bearing Plaintiffs’ trademarks will appear in the marketplace; that consumers are likely to be misled, confused, and disappointed by the quality of these products; and that Plaintiffs may suffer loss of sales for their genuine products; and 3. There is good cause to believe that if Plaintiffs proceed on notice to the Defendants of this Application for Temporary Restraining Order, Defendants can easily and quickly change the ownership or modify e-commerce store and private messaging account data and content, change payment accounts, redirect consumer traffic to other seller identification names and private message accounts, and transfer assets and ownership of the Seller IDs, thereby thwarting Plaintiffs’ ability to obtain meaningful relief. C. The balance of potential harm to Defendants in restraining their trade in counterfeit and infringing branded goods if a temporary restraining order is issued is far outweighed by the potential harm to Plaintiffs, their respective reputations, and their goodwill as manufacturers and distributors of quality products, if such relief is not issued. D. The public interest favors issuance of the temporary restraining order to protect Plaintiffs’ trademark interests and protect the public from being defrauded by the palming off of counterfeit goods as Plaintiffs’ genuine goods. E. Under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(a), Plaintiffs may be entitled to recover, as an equitable remedy, the illegal profits gained through Defendants’ distribution and sales of goods bearing and/or using counterfeits and infringements of Plaintiffs’ Marks. See Reebok Int’l, Ltd. v. Marnatech Enters., Inc., 970 F.2d 552, 558 (9th Cir. 1992) (quoting Fuller Brush Products Co. v. Fuller Brush Co., 299 F.2d 772, 777 (7th Cir. 1962)) (“An accounting of profits under § 1117(a) is not synonymous with an award of monetary damages: ‘[a]n accounting for profits . . . is an equitable remedy subject to the principles of equity.’”). F. Requesting equitable relief “invokes the district court’s inherent equitable powers to order preliminary relief, including an asset freeze, in order to assure the availability of permanent relief.” Levi Strauss & Co., 51 F.3d at 987 (citing F.T.C. v. U.S. Oil & Gas Corp., 748 F.2d 1431, 1433-34 (11th Cir. 1984)); and G. In light of the inherently deceptive nature of the counterfeiting business, and the likelihood that Defendants have violated federal trademark laws, Plaintiffs have good reason to believe Defendants will hide or transfer their ill-gotten assets beyond the jurisdiction of this Court unless those assets are restrained. IV. CONCLUSION Accordingly, after due consideration, it is ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that Plaintiffs’ Application for Temporary Restraining Order, ECF No. [8] is GRANTED as follows: (1) Each Defendant, its officers, directors, employees, agents, subsidiaries, distributors, and all persons in active concert or participation with any Defendant having notice of this Order are temporarily restrained as follows: a. From manufacturing, importing, advertising, promoting, offering to sell, selling, distributing, or transferring any products bearing and/or using Plaintiffs’ Marks, or any confusingly similar trademarks, other than those actually manufactured or distributed by the Plaintiffs; and b. From secreting, concealing, destroying, selling off, transferring, or otherwise disposing of: (i) any products, not manufactured or distributed by Plaintiffs, bearing and/or using Plaintiffs’ Marks, or any confusingly similar trademarks; or (ii) any evidence relating to the manufacture, importation, sale, offer for sale, distribution, or transfer of any products bearing and/or using Plaintiffs’ Marks, or any confusingly similar trademarks; or (iii) any assets or other financial accounts subject to this Order, including inventory assets, in the actual or constructive possession of, or owned, controlled, or held by, or subject to access by, any Defendant, including, but not limited to, any assets held by or on behalf of any Defendant. (2) Each Defendant, its officers, directors, employees, agents, subsidiaries, distributors, and all persons in active concert or participation with any Defendant having notice of this Order shall immediately discontinue the use of Plaintiffs’ Marks or any confusingly similar trademarks, on or in connection with all Internet based e-commerce stores owned and operated, or controlled by them, including the Internet based e-commerce stores operating under the Seller IDs; (3) Each Defendant, its officers, directors, employees, agents, subsidiaries, distributors, and all persons in active concert or participation with any Defendant having notice of this Order shall immediately discontinue the use of Plaintiffs’ Marks, or any confusingly similar trademarks within domain name extensions, metatags or other markers within website source code, from use on any webpage (including as the title of any web page), from any advertising links to other websites, from search engines’ databases or cache memory, and any other form of use of such terms that are visible to a computer user or serves to direct computer searches to Internet based e-commerce stores registered, owned, or operated by any Defendant, including the Internet based e-commerce stores operating under the Seller IDs; (4) Each Defendant shall not transfer ownership of the Internet based e-commerce stores operating under their Seller IDs during the pendency of this action, or until further order of the Court; (5) Each Defendant shall preserve copies of all computer files relating to the use of any of the Seller IDs and shall take all steps necessary to retrieve computer files relating to the use of the Seller IDs that may have been deleted before the entry of this Order; (6) Upon receipt of notice of this Order, the Defendants and all financial institutions, payment processors, banks, escrow services, money transmitters, or marketplace platforms, including but not limited to, Amazon Payments, Inc. (“Amazon), Dunhuang Group which operates the DHgate.com and DHPay.com platforms, Camel FinTech Inc, eBay Commerce, Inc. (“eBay”), ContextLogic, Inc., which operates the Wish.com website (“ContextLogic”), and their related companies and affiliates shall (i) immediately identify and restrain all funds in all financial accounts and/or sub-accounts associated with the Internet based e-commerce stores operating under the Seller IDs, store numbers, merchant identification numbers, and/or infringing product numbers identified on Schedule “A” hereto, as well as any other related accounts of the same customer(s); (ii) identify all other accounts which transfer funds into the same financial institution account(s) or any of the other financial accounts subject to this Order; (iii) restrain the transfer of all funds, as opposed to ongoing account activity, held or received for their benefit or to be transferred into their respective financial accounts, and any other financial accounts tied thereto; and (iv) immediately divert those restrained funds to a holding account for the trust of the Court. (7) Upon receipt of notice of this Order, the Defendants and all financial institutions, payment processors, bank, escrow services, money transmitters, or marketplace platforms receiving notice of this Order, including but not limited to, Amazon, Dunhuang Group which operates the DHgate.com and DHPay.com platforms, Camel FinTech Inc, eBay, ContextLogic, and their related companies and affiliates, shall further, within five business days of receiving this Order, provide Plaintiffs’ counsel with all data that details (i) an accounting of the total funds restrained and identify the financial account(s) and sub-account(s) which the restrained funds are related to, and (ii) the account transactions related to all funds transmitted into the financial account(s) and sub-account(s) which have been restrained. Such restraining of the funds and the disclosure of the related financial institution account information shall be made without notice to the account owners or the financial institutions until after those accounts are restrained. No funds restrained by this Order shall be transferred or surrendered by any financial institution, payment processor, bank, escrow service, money transmitter, or marketplace website, including but not limited to, Amazon, Dunhuang Group which operates the DHgate.com and DHPay.com platforms, Camel FinTech Inc, eBay, ContextLogic, and their related companies and affiliates for any purpose (other than pursuant to a chargeback made pursuant to their security interest in the funds) without the express authorization of this Court; (8) This Order shall remain in effect until the ruling on Plaintiffs’ Motion for Preliminary Injunction, or until such further dates as set by the Court or stipulated to by the parties; (9) This Order shall apply to the Seller IDs, associated e-commerce stores, and any other seller identification names, e-commerce stores, domain names, or financial accounts which are being used by Defendants for the purpose of counterfeiting Plaintiffs’ Marks at issue in this action and/or unfairly competing with the Plaintiffs; (10) Any Defendant or financial institution account holder subject to this Order may petition the Court to modify the asset restraint set out in this Order; (11) As a matter of law, this Order shall no longer apply to any Defendant or associated e-commerce store dismissed from this action, or as to which Plaintiffs have withdrawn their request for a temporary restraining order; (12) Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1116(d)(5)(D) and Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65(c), Plaintiffs shall post a bond in the amount of Ten Thousand Dollars and Zero Cents ($10,000.00), as payment of damages to which Defendants may be entitled for a wrongful injunction or restraint, during the pendency of this action, or until further Order of the Court. In the Court’s discretion, the bond may be subject to increase should an application be made in the interest of justice; (13) A hearing is set before this Court via Zoom video conference on June 21, 2022 at 10:30 a.m., at which time the Defendants and/or any other affected persons may challenge the appropriateness of this Order and move to dissolve the same and at which time the Court will hear argument on Plaintiffs’ requested preliminary injunction. The link to join is https://www.zoomgov.com/j/1602286149?pwd=bUJKZjByUHI5RTRWSlUrTlpjcGlzZz09. Alternatively, the Meeting ID is 160 228 6149, and the Passcode is 638395. (14) After Plaintiffs’ counsel has received confirmation from the financial institutions regarding the funds restrained as directed herein, Plaintiffs shall serve a copy of the Complaint, the Application for Temporary Restraining Order and this Order on each Defendant by e-mail via their corresponding e-mail address and/or online contact form or other means of electronic contact provided on the Internet based e-commerce stores operating under the respective Seller ID, or by providing a copy of this Order by e-mail to the marketplace platforms for each of the Seller IDs so that they, in turn, notify each Defendant of the Order, or by other means reasonably calculated to give notice which is permitted by the Court. In addition, Plaintiffs shall post a copy of the Complaint, the Application for Temporary Restraining Order, this Order, and all other documents filed in this action on the website located at http://servingnotice.com/RaJ3tU/index.html8 and shall 8 In this Circuit, Rule 65 has been interpreted to require that a party have notice of the motion and hearing; perfecting service on a defendant is not a prerequisite to the entry of a preliminary injunction order. See Corrigan Dispatch Co. v. Casa Guzman, S.A., 569 F.2d 300, 302 (5th Cir. 1978); Diamond Crystal Brands, Inc. v. Wallace, 531 F. Supp. 2d 1366, 1370-71 (N.D. Ga. 2008). provide the address to the website to Defendants via e-mail/online contact form, and such notice so given shall be deemed good and sufficient service thereof. Plaintiffs shall continue to provide notice of these proceedings and copies of the documents on file in this matter to the Defendants by regularly updating the website located at http://servingnotice.com/RaJ3tU/index.html, or by other means reasonably calculated to give notice which is permitted by the Court; (15) Additionally, for the purpose of providing additional notice of this proceeding, and all other pleadings, orders, and documents filed herein, the owners, operators and/or administrators of the Internet marketplace websites and/or financial institutions, payment processors, banks, escrow services, money transmitters, and marketplace platforms, including but not limited to Amazon, Dunhuang Group which operates the DHgate.com and DHPay.com platforms, Camel FinTech Inc, eBay, ContextLogic, and their related companies and affiliates shall, at Plaintiffs’ request, provide Plaintiffs’ counsel with any e-mail address known to be associated with the Defendants’ respective Seller ID; (16) Any response or opposition to Plaintiffs’ Motion for Preliminary Injunction must be filed and served on Plaintiffs’ counsel forty-eight (48) hours prior to the hearing set for on June 21, 2022 at 10:30 a.m., and filed with the Court, along with Proof of Service. Plaintiffs shall file any Reply Memorandum twenty-four (24) hours prior to the hearing set for on June 21, 2022 at 10:30 a.m. The above dates may be revised upon stipulation by all parties and approval of this Court. Defendants are on notice that failure to appear at the hearing may result in the imposition of a preliminary injunction against them pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1116(d), The All Writs Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1651(a), Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65, and this Court’s inherent authority. The Clerk of Court is directed to UNSEAL all docket entries in this case. Case No. 22-cv-61064-BLOOM/Valle DONE AND ORDERED in Chambers at Miami, Florida, on June 8, 2022 BETH BLOOM UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE Copies to: Counsel of Record 25 SCHEDULE A: DEFENDANTS BY NUMBER, SELLER ID, AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNT INFORMATION Financial Account Def. Information / ASIN9 / Infringing Product Defendant / Seller ID No. Merchant Number / Number Transaction ID B09NV14TRZ 1 ANAVLIS STORE A1EQADDT4KS8JC B09NTZCDZK 2 AnChus A1OR0ILZLKATCH B09FDXHKJF 3 ChangshunlongUS ABIO57H8ABGF1 B09Q8P16V7 B09RZHHSHP 4 Charm Jewelry Store A3QDG0YLEQLRH9 B09RZWQCD9 B09H63FXH8 5 chenenaiai A3OCF8JBMTIH37 B09H64LFC6 6 chenglinduoladulinduola A272XO92VVBXBF B09WXWJMQN Chengdu huashijiasi e-commerce Co., Ltd 7 a/k/a B09WY422H9 成都华仕佳丝电子商务有限公司 AAK5JDLCEGQ25 B09WXRDLWH HAIKOUSHIXUOMAOYIYOUX 8 IANZERENGONGSI B09L7XS2SF a/k/a B09L7XQJNV 海口市许董贸易有限责任公司 A1RCOYNJ5N84SZ B09L7YCKRT New Jersey NSW star jewelry firm 9 a/k/a B09K43XCQ5 合肥栽培商贸有限公司 A1ZGYR6Z3ATRJX B09KPKZZC4 B09Q8RKKHH 10 B09Q8P9RZB QINMANN AHDUE5DQCYAEN B09Q8P16V7 11 Tifferi-Jewelry-US A2M1COIHZP1WC0 B09P4RY6ZW 9 The Amazon Standard Identification Numbers (“ASINs”) for the branded products were obtained from the Product Information / Description segments or the URLs of the infringing branded items, all of which are identified on Schedule “A” to the Declaration of Kathleen Burns, ECF No. [8-3], and included in Composite Exhibit “1” thereto, ECF No. [8-4] through ECF No. [8-7]. The ASIN is a unique 10-digit alphanumeric identifier Amazon assigns to each product. Sellers can create a variational relationship between products in regards to name, size/count, color, style, scent, etc. When doing so, the ASIN identified in the Product Information/Description segments represents the core product and a different ASIN may be assigned based on variations thereof, as identified in the URLs. B09RWS7D9Q 12 B09RZHHSHP Top-Jewelry Shop AL1BXE0SCZQZF B09RZWQCD9 US AYKONG E-Commerce Co., B09L8599RX 13 Ltd. A860D5F4CMA8O B09L84GT3Y wangxiaoguo B09JKCHM6M 14 a/k/a B09JK5FC91 8-15 Day ✈ AZXLJ335CATM7 B09JJS8FM8 YOUWENDU-Yoga Bra B09SG9ZBNC 15 a/k/a B09SG8G8SF YOUWENDU ADMKHSUHI2ZGJ B09SG9DGNL 16 aalx 21742016 756435318 17 afya 21741990 750907570 18 ailemei502 21675871 731554409 booklist 19 a/k/a dyson2021 20102264 747540118 20 buybrand 21535054 757422696 21 buygoodgift1 21755568 753812982 22 buyopizhdh 21726111 751649752 23 caiyunhengtong_7 20950714 753481980 24 clelo 19975942 537133948 25 cronystore 21747333 745314382 26 dafu06 21709897 735412838 27 dcfdh6619 21743558 755032234 28 dhgateroa 21741274 741757505 29 dhgatesbagsun 21610089 754011650 30 dhgateuyo 21748625 749170270 31 dhrdefeubuy 21725741 751781861 32 eva_jewelry 21687875 703001543 fashion507 33 a/k/a Jewelry Factory 21739275 739062360 34 fashionaccessories21 21691185 725795909 35 fashions_designers 21721338 728730738 36 fengyan82 21657176 698558582 37 fidget_spinners 20683661 750756128 38 firsttimep 21715447 733562112 39 godisomnipotent 21772033 755559382 40 happyfamily2020 21429273 674324330 hi_luxuryleathershop 41 a/k/a Luxury Leather goods 21655698 713488425 42 hotwatch818 21586733 597774083 43 hyt850725 21764267 754047467 44 ifamily899 21474796 743450730 45 iridescentshul 21742820 749574754 46 jerseyproshop 21062680 739876210 47 jewelry2030 21761723 752320994 48 jingua55 21667897 753472383 49 kingrise2022 21753947 755712328 50 kings_2021 21748289 753645128 51 kjlsdasasqws222 21198576 750363019 52 Linduo889 21750234 746738161 53 love12369 21752806 748054567 54 loveu_jewelry 21406208 697242226 55 lrz97kj 14411455 725964446 56 lukastieljewelry 21714386 726852827 no16shoplee 57 a/k/a designer bags shoes 21158596 754238945 58 nobbymarket 21743576 745797177 park888 59 a/k/a brand wallets 14394816 752054521 60 Parklondon 14770298 753279398 61 pb006 21755618 752980395 62 peacegod 21727283 734693541 63 peanut_diary 21730563 736718197 phoenix_2021 a/k/a 64 Luxurys Designers Bags & Sunglasses 21621802 753414667 65 phscarf 21595910 720415753 66 popular_brand 21572398 711919037 67 Qiuti18 21733558 739558463 68 red_pomelo 21730560 736717548 69 serendipity_1 21742816 749565257 70 sexy_cute 21772845 755531183 71 shenzhen18 20434328 754515251 72 ssd0002 21743736 753534704 73 stronghold3 21730569 736717944 sunglasses_watch99 74 a/k/a Luxury Jewelry Sunglasses 21715683 755679394 75 sunglassesshopsz 20908464 732432933 76 the_mountain 21723576 733236320 77 tokb 21747848 752320510 78 unfamiliar51 21736460 742452737 79 vcx_bacchanalian 21742833 748707588 80 vogue_realm 21566480 688415966 81 w1618 21755601 749295445 82 xuliang03 21755977 749357971 83 yangyang63450 19710859 737315587 84 yunpintrade 21589554 753587135 85 yuxuanhengbrother 21638517 747340859 86 zezhi_luxury_jewelry 21722644 731482382 eBay Transaction ID: 87 2sky_store 5U7549412B562015K 194417629121 88 Acusticshapi 5fda60de379e784b10d620b3 615d39cc9cdea2c40400fd29 89 adongmak 617526b312bb1f50f8835975 6188ec099de76ee35755b516 90 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613accf9e20981422a096eab 6198635d7d36cb961ab4a1fe --- Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/10120642. Public record. Not legal advice.