# Rush v. City of Fairfield

> District Court, E.D. California · January 4, 2022

URL: https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/10032611

## Case

- **Court:** District Court, E.D. California
- **Decided:** January 4, 2022
- **Opinion:** 100trialcourt
- **Cited by:** 0 later opinions in the Frix Law Library

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## Opinion text

1 STANLEY GOFF
goffs@mail2world.com
2 LAW OFFICE OF STANLEY GOFF
15 Boardman Place
3 San Francisco, CA, 94103
Telephone: (415) 571-9570
4 Attorney for Plaintiffs
CALVIN RUSH and JAYME RUSH
5
DALE L. ALLEN, JR., State Bar No. 145279
6 dallen@aghwlaw.com
KEVIN P. ALLEN, State Bar No. 252290
7 kallen@aghwlaw.com
ALLEN, GLAESSNER, HAZELWOOD & WERTH, LLP
8 180 Montgomery Street, Suite 1200
San Francisco, CA 94104
9 Telephone: (415) 697-2000
Facsimile: (415) 813-2045
10
Attorneys for Defendants
11 CITY OF FAIRFIELD, ZACHARY SANDOVAL, and DUSTIN JOSEPH
12
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
13
EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
14
SACRAMENTO COURTHOUSE
15
CALVIN RUSH and JAYME RUSH, Case No.: 2:21-cv-01120-WBS-KJN
16
Plaintiffs, STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER,
17 PURSUANT TO CIVIL LOCAL RULE 141.1
v.
18
CITY OF FAIRFIELD, et al.,
19
Defendants.
20
21 1. PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS
22 Disclosure and discovery activity in this action are likely to involve production of
23 confidential, proprietary, or private information for which special protection from public
24 disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation may be warranted.
25 Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the court to enter the following Stipulated
26 Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this Order does not confer blanket protections on
27 all disclosures or responses to discovery and that the protection it affords from public disclosure
28 and use extends only to the limited information or items that are entitled to confidential treatment
1 under the applicable legal principles. The parties further acknowledge, as set forth in Section
2 12.3, below, that this Stipulated Protective Order does not entitle them to file confidential
3 information under seal; Civil Local Rule 141 sets forth the procedures that must be followed and
4 the standards that will be applied when a party seeks permission from the court to file material
5 under seal.
6 2. DEFINITIONS
7 2.1 Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the designation of
8 information or items under this Order.
9 2.2 “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items: information (regardless of how it is
10 generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify for protection under Federal Rule of
11 Civil Procedure 26(c). It encompasses information where public disclosure is likely to result in
12 particularized harm, or where public disclosure would violate privacy interests recognized by law.
13 Examples of confidential information include, but are not limited to, the following:
14 a. personnel file records of any peace officer; and
15 b. medical records
16 2.3 Counsel (without qualifier): Outside Counsel of Record and House Counsel (as well
17 as their support staff).
18 2.4 Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or items that it
19 produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as “CONFIDENTIAL.”
20 2.5 Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless of the
21 medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including, among other things,
22 testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced or generated in disclosures or
23 responses to discovery in this matter.
24 2.6 Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter pertinent to
25 the litigation who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve as an expert witness or as a
26 consultant in this action.
27 2.7 House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this action. House
28 Counsel does not include Outside Counsel of Record or any other outside counsel.
1 2.8 Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or other legal
2 entity not named as a Party to this action.
3 2.9 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a party to this
4 action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this action and have appeared in this action
5 on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law firm which has appeared on behalf of that party.
6 2.10 Party: any party to this action, including all of its officers, directors, employees,
7 consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their support staffs).
8 2.11 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or Discovery
9 Material in this action.
10 2.12 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation support services
11 (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or demonstrations, and organizing,
12 storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium) and their employees and subcontractors.
13 2.13 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is designated as
14 “CONFIDENTIAL.”
15 2.14 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery Material from a
16 Producing Party.
17 3. SCOPE
18 The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only Protected Material
19 (as defined above), but also (1) any information copied from Protected Material; (2) all copies,
20 excerpts, summaries, or compilations of Protected Material that reveal the source of the Protected
21 Material or that reveal specific information entitled to confidentiality as a matter of law; and (3) any
22 testimony, conversations, or presentations by Parties or their Counsel that might reveal Protected
23 Material.
24 However, the protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order do not cover the following
25 information: (a) any information that is in the public domain at the time of disclosure to a Receiving
26 Party or becomes part of the public domain after its disclosure to a Receiving Party as a result of
27 publication not involving a violation of this Order, including becoming part of the public record
28 through trial or otherwise; and (b) any information known to the Receiving Party prior to the
1 disclosure or obtained by the Receiving Party after the disclosure from a source who obtained the
2 information lawfully and under no obligation of confidentiality to the Designating Party. Any use of
3 Protected Material at trial shall be governed by a separate agreement or order.
4 4. DURATION
5 Even after final disposition of this litigation, the confidentiality obligations imposed by this
6 Order shall remain in effect until a Designating Party agrees otherwise in writing or a court order
7 otherwise directs. Final disposition shall be deemed to be the later of (1) dismissal of all claims and
8 defenses in this action, with or without prejudice; and (2) final judgment herein after the completion
9 and exhaustion of all appeals, rehearings, remands, trials, or reviews of this action, including the
10 time limits for filing any motions or applications for extension of time pursuant to applicable law.
11 5. DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL
12 5.1 Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection. Each Party or
13 Non-Party that designates information or items for protection under this Order must take care to
14 limit any such designation to specific material that qualifies under the appropriate standards. The
15 Designating Party must designate for protection only those parts of material, documents, items, or
16 oral or written communications that qualify – so that other portions of the material, documents,
17 items, or communications for which protection is not warranted are not swept unjustifiably within
18 the ambit of this Order.
19 Mass, indiscriminate, or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations that are shown
20 to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper purpose (e.g., to unnecessarily
21 encumber or retard the case development process or to impose unnecessary expenses and burdens
22 on other parties) expose the Designating Party to sanctions.
23 If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it designated for
24 protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must promptly notify all other
25 Parties that it is withdrawing the mistaken designation.
26 5.2 Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in this Order
27 (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise stipulated or ordered,
28 Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection under this Order must be clearly so
1 designated before the material is disclosed or produced.
2 Designation in conformity with this Order requires:
3 (a) for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic documents, but excluding
4 transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial proceedings), that the Producing Party affix the
5 legend “CONFIDENTIAL” to each page that contains protected material. If only a portion or
6 portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also must clearly
7 identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the margins). A Party or
8 Non-Party that makes original documents or materials available for inspection need not designate
9 them for protection until after the inspecting Party has indicated which material it would like copied
10 and produced. During the inspection and before the designation, all of the material made available
11 for inspection shall be deemed “CONFIDENTIAL.” After the inspecting Party has identified the
12 documents it wants copied and produced, the Producing Party must determine which documents, or
13 portions thereof, qualify for protection under this Order. Then, before producing the specified
14 documents, the Producing Party must affix the “CONFIDENTIAL” legend to each page that
15 contains Protected Material. If only a portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for
16 protection, the Producing Party also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making
17 appropriate markings in the margins).
18 (b) for testimony given in deposition or in other pretrial or trial proceedings, that the
19 Designating Party identify on the record, before the close of the deposition, hearing, or other
20 proceeding, all protected testimony.
21 (c) for information produced in some form other than documentary and for any other
22 tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place on the exterior of the container or
23 containers in which the information or item is stored the legend “CONFIDENTIAL.” If the
24 information is produced electronically, then the term “CONFIDENTIAL” must appear in the name
25 of each electronic file containing confidentially designated information. If only a portion or
26 portions of the information or item warrant protection, the Producing Party, to the extent
27 practicable, shall identify the protected portion(s).
28 5.3 Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent failure to
1 designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive the Designating Party’s
2 right to secure protection under this Order for such material. Upon timely correction of a
3 designation, the Receiving Party must make reasonable efforts to assure that the material is treated
4 in accordance with the provisions of this Order.
5 6. CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS
6 6.1 Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a designation of
7 confidentiality at any time. Unless a prompt challenge to a Designating Party’s confidentiality
8 designation is necessary to avoid foreseeable, substantial unfairness, unnecessary economic
9 burdens, or a significant disruption or delay of the litigation, a Party does not waive its right to
10 challenge a confidentiality designation by electing not to mount a challenge promptly after the
11 original designation is disclosed.
12 6.2 Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute resolution process
13 by providing written notice of each designation it is challenging and describing the basis for each
14 challenge. To avoid ambiguity as to whether a challenge has been made, the written notice must
15 recite that the challenge to confidentiality is being made in accordance with the Protective Order.
16 The parties shall attempt to resolve each challenge in good faith and must begin the process by
17 conferring directly (in voice to voice dialogue; other forms of communication are not sufficient)
18 within 14 days of the date of service of notice. In conferring, the Challenging Party must explain the
19 basis for its belief that the confidentiality designation was not proper and must give the Designating
20 Party an opportunity to review the designated material, to reconsider the circumstances, and, if no
21 change in designation is offered, to explain the basis for the chosen designation. A Challenging
22 Party may proceed to the next stage of the challenge process only if it has engaged in this meet and
23 confer process first or establishes that the Designating Party is unwilling to participate in the meet
24 and confer process in a timely manner.
25 6.3 Judicial Intervention. If the Parties cannot resolve a challenge without court
26 intervention, the Designating Party shall file and serve a motion to retain confidentiality under Civil
27 Local Rule 230 (and in compliance with Civil Local Rule 141, if applicable) within 21 days of the
28 initial notice of challenge or within 14 days of the parties agreeing that the meet and confer process
1 will not resolve their dispute, whichever is earlier. Each such motion must be accompanied by a
2 competent declaration affirming that the movant has complied with the meet and confer
3 requirements imposed in the preceding paragraph. Failure by the Designating Party to make such a
4 motion including the required declaration within 21 days (or 14 days, if applicable) shall
5 automatically waive the confidentiality designation for each challenged designation. In addition, the
6 Challenging Party may file a motion challenging a confidentiality designation at any time if there is
7 good cause for doing so, including a challenge to the designation of a deposition transcript or any
8 portions thereof. Any motion brought pursuant to this provision must be accompanied by a
9 competent declaration affirming that the movant has complied with the meet and confer
10 requirements imposed by the preceding paragraph.
11 The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be on the Designating
12 Party. Frivolous challenges, and those made for an improper purpose (e.g., to harass or impose
13 unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose the Challenging Party to sanctions.
14 Unless the Designating Party has waived the confidentiality designation by failing to file a motion
15 to retain confidentiality as described above, all parties shall continue to afford the material in
16 question the level of protection to which it is entitled under the Producing Party’s designation until
17 the court rules on the challenge.
18 7. ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
19 7.1 Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is disclosed or
20 produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this case only for prosecuting,
21 defending, or attempting to settle this litigation. Such Protected Material may be disclosed by any
22 party only to the categories of persons and under the conditions described in this Order. When the
23 litigation has been terminated, a Receiving Party must comply with the provisions of section 13
24 below (FINAL DISPOSITION).
25 Protected Material must be stored and maintained by all parties at a location and in a secure
26 manner that ensures that access is limited to the persons authorized under this Order.
27 7.2 Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items. Unless otherwise ordered
28 by the court or permitted in writing by agreement of both Designating Party and Receiving Party, all
1 parties may disclose any information or item designated “CONFIDENTIAL” only to:
2 (a) the Party’s Outside Counsel of Record in this action, as well as employees of said
3 Outside Counsel of Record to whom it is reasonably necessary to disclose the information for this
4 litigation (counsel and law firms appearing in this action are deemed to have agreed to be bound by
5 this Protective Order);
6 (b) the officers, directors, and employees (including House Counsel) of the Party to whom
7 disclosure is reasonably necessary for this litigation, including employees and agents of the
8 designating party(ies) in the normal course of their business with due regard for the confidential
9 nature of the information under this protective order;
10 (c) Experts (as defined in this Order) of any Party to whom disclosure is reasonably
11 necessary for this litigation;
12 (d) the court and its personnel;
13 (e) court reporters and their staff, professional jury or trial consultants, mock jurors, and
14 Professional Vendors to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this litigation and who have
15 signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);
16 (f) during their depositions, witnesses in the action to whom disclosure is reasonably
17 necessary and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A),
18 unless otherwise agreed by the Designating Party or ordered by the court. Pages of transcribed
19 deposition testimony or exhibits to depositions that reveal Protected Material must be separately
20 bound by the court reporter and may not be disclosed to anyone except as permitted under this
21 Stipulated Protective Order or as agreed by all parties.
22 (g) the author or recipient of a document containing the information or a custodian or other
23 person who otherwise possessed or knew the information.
24 8. PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED PRODUCED IN OTHER
25 LITIGATION
26 If a Party is served with a subpoena or a court order issued in other litigation that compels
27 disclosure of any information or items designated in this action as “CONFIDENTIAL,” that Party
28 must:
1 (a) promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such notification shall include a copy
2 of the subpoena or court order;
3 (b) promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or order to issue in the
4 other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the subpoena or order is subject to this
5 Protective Order. Such notification shall include a copy of this Stipulated Protective Order; and
6 (c) cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be pursued by the
7 Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected.
8 If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with the subpoena
9 or court order shall not produce any information designated in this action as “CONFIDENTIAL”
10 before a determination by the court from which the subpoena or order issued, unless the Party has
11 obtained the Designating Party’s permission. The Designating Party shall bear the burden and
12 expense of seeking protection in that court of its confidential material – and nothing in these
13 provisions should be construed as authorizing or encouraging a Receiving Party in this action to
14 disobey a lawful directive from another court.
15 9. A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE PRODUCED IN THIS
16 LITIGATION
17 (a) The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a Non-Party in this
18 action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL.” Such information produced by Non-Parties in
19 connection with this litigation is protected by the remedies and relief provided by this Order.
20 Nothing in these provisions should be construed as prohibiting a Non-Party from seeking additional
21 protections.
22 (b) In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to produce a Non-
23 Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is subject to an agreement with the
24 Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s confidential information, then the Party shall:
25 (1) promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the Non-Party that some or
26 all of the information requested is subject to a confidentiality agreement with a Non-
27 Party;
28 (2) promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the Stipulated Protective Order
1 in this litigation, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably specific
2 description of the information requested; and
3 (3) make the information requested available for inspection by the Non-Party.
4 (c) If the Non-Party fails to object or seek a protective order from this court within 14 days
5 of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving Party may produce the Non-
6 Party’s confidential information responsive to the discovery request. If the Non-Party timely seeks a
7 protective order, the Receiving Party shall not produce any information in its possession or control
8 that is subject to the confidentiality agreement with the Non-Party before a determination by the
9 court. Absent a court order to the contrary, the Non-Party shall bear the burden and expense of
10 seeking protection in this court of its Protected Material.
11 10. UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
12 If a Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has disclosed Protected Material to any
13 person or in any circumstance not authorized under this Stipulated Protective Order, the Party must
14 immediately (a) notify in writing all Parties of the unauthorized disclosures, (b) use its best efforts
15 to retrieve all unauthorized copies of the Protected Material, (c) inform the person or persons to
16 whom unauthorized disclosures were made of all the terms of this Order, and (d) request such
17 person or persons to execute the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” that is attached
18 hereto as Exhibit A.
19 11. INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE PROTECTED
20 MATERIAL
21 When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain inadvertently
22 produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other protection, the obligations of the
23 Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(5)(B). This provision
24 is not intended to modify whatever procedure may be established in an e-discovery order that
25 provides for production without prior privilege review. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 502(d)
26 and (e), insofar as the parties reach an agreement on the effect of disclosure of a communication or
27 information covered by the attorney-client privilege or work product protection, the parties may
28 incorporate their agreement in the stipulated protective order submitted to the court.
1 12. MISCELLANEOUS
2 12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any person to
3 seek its modification by the court in the future.
4 12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this Protective Order
5 no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to disclosing or producing any
6 information or item on any ground not addressed in this Stipulated Protective Order. Similarly, no
7 Party waives any right to object on any ground to use in evidence of any of the material covered by
8 this Protective Order.
9 12.3 Filing Protected Material. Without written permission of all parties or a court order
10 secured after appropriate notice to all interested persons, a Party may not file in the public record in
11 this action any Protected Material. A Party that seeks to file under seal any Protected Material must
12 comply with Civil Local Rule 141. Protected Material may only be filed under seal pursuant to a
13 court order authorizing the sealing of the specific Protected Material at issue. Pursuant to Civil
14 Local Rule 141, a sealing order will issue only upon a request establishing that the Protected
15 Material at issue is privileged, protectable as a trade secret, or otherwise entitled to protection under
16 the law. If a Party's request to file Protected Material under seal pursuant to Civil Local Rule 141(b)
17 is denied by the court, then the any Party may file the information in the public record pursuant to
18 Civil Local Rule 141(e)(1) unless otherwise instructed by the court.
19 13. FINAL DISPOSITION
20 Within 60 days after the final disposition of this action, as defined in paragraph 4, upon
21 written notification served by Producing or Designating Party, each Receiving Party must return all
22 Protected Material to the Producing Party or destroy such material. As used in this subdivision, “all
23 Protected Material” includes all copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries, and any other format
24 reproducing or capturing any of the Protected Material. Whether the Protected Material is returned
25 or destroyed, the Receiving Party must submit a written certification to the Producing Party (and, if
26 not the same person or entity, to the Designating Party) by the 60 day deadline that (1) identifies (by
27 category, where appropriate) all the Protected Material that was returned or destroyed and (2)
28 affirms that the Receiving Party has not retained any copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries or
1 any other format reproducing or capturing any of the Protected Material. Notwithstanding this
2 provision, Counsel are entitled to retain an archival copy of all pleadings, motion papers, trial,
3 deposition, and hearing transcripts, legal memoranda, correspondence, deposition and trial exhibits,
4 expert reports, attorney work product, and consultant and expert work product, even if such
5 materials contain Protected Material. Any such archival copies that contain or constitute Protected
6 Material remain subject to this Protective Order as set forth in Section 4 (DURATION).
7
8 IT IS SO STIPULATED, THROUGH COUNSEL OF RECORD.

9
10 DATED: December 29, 2021
/s/ Stanley Goff
11 STANLEY GOFF
Attorneys for Plaintiff
12

13

DATED: December 29, 2021
14
_/s/ Kevin P. Allen
15 KEVIN ALLEN
Attorney for Defendants (Special Appearance
16 Only)1

17

18 ORDER
19 The court has reviewed the parties’ stipulated protective order. (See ECF No. 8). The
20 stipulation lists categories of information sought to be protected, and otherwise comports with the
21 relevant authorities and the court’s applicable local rule. See L.R. 141.1(c);2 see also Phillips ex
22

23
1 Mr. Allen appears only for purposes of this protective order. Defendants recently executed
waivers for service of summons; their time to respond is February 21, 2022.
24
2 The Court’s Local Rules instruct the parties, when requesting a protective order, to include in
25
their submission:
26 (1) A description of the types of information eligible for protection under the
order, with the description provided in general terms sufficient to reveal the
27
nature of the information (e.g., customer list, formula for soda, diary of a
28 troubled child);
1 || rel. Estates of Byrd v. Gen. Motors Corp., 307 F.3d 1206, 1210 (9th Cir. 2002) (requiring a
2 || showing of good cause for protective orders). The court APPROVES the protective order subject
3 || to the following clarification. The Local Rules state that once an action is closed, “unless
4 | otherwise ordered, the court will not retain jurisdiction over enforcement of the terms of any
5 || protective order filed in that action.” L.R. 141.1(f). Courts in the district generally do not agree
6 || to retain jurisdiction for disputes concerning protective orders after closure of the case. See, e.g.,
7 | MD Helicopters, Inc. v. Aerometals, Inc., 2017 WL 495778 (E.D. Cal., Feb. 03, 2017). Thus, the
8 | court will not retain jurisdiction over this protective order once the case is closed.
9 || Dated: January 4, 2022
1 fe’ □
0 Al i Norn
11 KENDALL J. NE
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
12
2B
rush.1120
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information proposed to be covered by the order; and
28 (3) A showing as to why the need for protection should be addressed by a court
order, as opposed to a private agreement between or among the parties.

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Source: Frix Law Library, https://www.frixlaw.com/law-library/cases/10032611. Public record. Not legal advice.